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Introduction: The origin of GBS is still unknown, however, it is often preceded by an infection, with reports of its relationship with Zika Virus infection. Objective: to investigate the relationship between Zika virus infection and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Method: An integrative literature review carried out through databases indexed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), using the descriptors: “Zika Virus Infection”, “Arbovirus Infections” and “Guillain-Barré Syndrome”. Six studies were selected. Results: The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of GBS linked to Zika virus are unknown, although the immunological reactions described with other pathogenic microbes could have the same putative role. Furthermore, there is no valid explanation for the emergence of this complication that was not previously related to the Zika virus; one theory is that the virus has genetically evolved to a more pathogenic genotype. Final Considerations: An association between GBS and Zika virus infection is reported, and there are some hypotheses and studies carried out that aim to investigate the pathophysiology involved in this association. Despite recent studies, further studies are needed to deepen the full understanding of the mechanisms involved. Introducción: El origen del SGB aún se desconoce, sin embargo, muchas veces es precedido por una infección, existiendo reportes de su relación con la infección por el Virus Zika. Objetivo: investigar la relación entre la infección por el virus Zika y el Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB). Método: Revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada a través de bases de datos indexadas en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), utilizando los descriptores: “Infección por virus Zika”, “Infecciones por arbovirus” y “Síndrome de Guillain-Barré”. Se seleccionaron seis estudios. Resultados: Se desconocen los mecanismos fisiopatológicos subyacentes del SGB vinculados al virus del Zika, aunque las reacciones inmunológicas descritas con otros microbios patógenos podrían tener el mismo papel putativo. Además, no existe una explicación válida para la aparición de esta complicación que no haya estado previamente relacionada con el virus del Zika; una teoría es que el virus ha evolucionado genéticamente a un genotipo más patógeno Consideraciones finales: Se reporta una asociación entre el SGB y la infección por el virus Zika, y existen algunas hipótesis y estudios realizados que tienen como objetivo investigar la fisiopatología involucrada en esta asociación. A pesar de los estudios recientes, se necesitan más estudios para profundizar en la comprensión completa de los mecanismos involucrados. Introdução: A origem da SGB ainda é desconhecida, contudo, frequentemente é precedida por uma infecção, havendo relatos da sua relação com a infecção pelo Zika Vírus. Objetivo: investigar a relação existente entre a infecção pelo Zika vírus e a Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB). Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada através de bases de dados indexadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os descritores: “Infecção por Zika Vírus”, “Infecções por Arbovirus” e “Síndrome de Guillain-Barré”. Foram selecionados 06 estudos. Resultados: Os mecanismos fisiopatológicos subjacentes da SGB ligados ao vírus de Zika são desconhecidos, embora as reações imunológicas descritas com outros micróbios patogênicos poderiam ter o mesmo papel putativo. Além disso, não há nenhuma explicação válida para a emergência desta complicação que não foi relacionada previamente ao Zika vírus. Uma teoria é que o vírus evoluiu geneticamente a um genótipo mais patogênico. Considerações Finais: É relata uma associação entre a SGB e a infecção pelo Zika vírus, existindo algumas hipóteses e estudos realizados que visam investigar a fisiopatologia envolvida nessa associação. Apesar dos estudos recentes, são necessários mais estudos para aprofundar o entendimento completo dos mecanismos envolvidos.

International audience; Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology is extremely heterogeneous, and the evolution from preclinical to mild cognitive impairment until dementia is driven by interacting genetic/biological mechanisms not fully captured by current clinical/research criteria. We characterized the heterogeneous "construct" of AD through a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker-guided stratification approach. We analyzed 5 validated pathophysiological cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (Aβ1-42, t-tau, p-tau181, NFL, YKL-40) in 113 participants (healthy controls [N = 20], subjective memory complainers [N = 36], mild cognitive impairment [N = 20], and AD dementia [N = 37], age: 66.7 ± 10.4, 70.4 ± 7.7, 71.7 ± 8.4, 76.2 ± 3.5 years [mean ± SD], respectively) using Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, which does not require a priori determination of the number of clusters. We found 5 distinct clusters (sizes: N = 38, 16, 24, 14, and 21) whose composition was independent of phenotypical groups. Two clusters showed biomarker profiles linked to neurodegenerative processes not associated with classical AD-related pathophysiology. One cluster was characterized by the neuroinflammation biomarker YKL-40. Combining nonlinear data aggregation with informative biomarkers can generate novel patient strata which are representative of cellular/molecular pathophysiology and may aid in predicting disease evolution and mechanistic drug response.

Introduction: In this multicenter study on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in community-based and memory clinic settings, we assessed the (1) incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD dementia and (2) determinants of progression to dementia.Methods: Eleven cohorts provided 2978 participants with SCD and 1391 controls. We estimated dementia incidence and identified risk factors using Cox proportional hazards models.Results: In SCD, incidence of dementia was 17.7 (95% Poisson confidence interval 15.2-20.3)/1000 person-years (AD: 11.5 [9.6-13.7], non-AD: 6.1 [4.7-7.7]), compared with 14.2 (11.3-17.6) in controls (AD: 10.1 [7.7-13.0], non-AD: 4.1 [2.6-6.0]). The risk of dementia was strongly increased in SCD in a memory clinic setting but less so in a community-based setting. In addition, higher age (hazard ratio 1.1 [95% confidence interval 1.1-1.1]), lower Mini-Mental State Examination (0.7 [0.66-0.8]), and apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (1.8 [1.3-2.5]) increased the risk of dementia.Discussion: SCD can precede both AD and non-AD dementia. Despite their younger age, individuals with SCD in a memory clinic setting have a higher risk of dementia than those in community-based cohorts. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

There is substantial experimental evidence for dysregulation of several microRNA (miRNA) expression levels in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). MiRNAs modulate critical brain intracellular signaling pathways and are associated with AD core pathophysiological mechanisms. First, we conducted a real-time quantitative PCR-based pilot study to identify a set of brain-enriched miRNAs in a monocentric cohort of cognitively normal individuals with subjective memory complaints, a condition associated with increased risk of AD. Second, we investigated the impact of age, sex, and the Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) allele, on the identified miRNA plasma concentrations. In addition, we explored the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of the miRNAs plasma concentrations with regional brain metabolic uptake using amyloid-β (Aβ)-positron emission tomography (Aβ-PET) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET (F-FDG-PET). We identified a set of six brain-enriched miRNAs—miRNA-125b, miRNA-146a, miRNA-15b, miRNA-148a, miRNA-26b, and miRNA-100. Age, sex, and APOE ε4 allele were not associated with individual miRNA abundance. MiRNA-15b concentrations were significantly lower in the Aβ-PET-positive compared to Aβ-PET-negative individuals. Furthermore, we found a positive effect of the miRNA-15b*time interaction on regional metabolic F-FDG-PET uptake in the left hippocampus. Plasma miRNA-125b concentrations, as well as the miRNA-125b*time interaction (over a 2-year follow-up), were negatively associated with regional Aβ-PET standard uptake value ratio in the right anterior cingulate cortex. At baseline, we found a significantly negative association between plasma miRNA-125b concentrations and F-FDG-PET uptake in specific brain regions. In an asymptomatic at-risk population for AD, we show significant associations between plasma concentrations of miRNA-125b and miRNA-15b with core neuroimaging biomarkers of AD pathophysiology. Our results, coupled with existing experimental evidence, suggest a potential protective anti-Aβ effect of miRNA-15b and a biological link between miRNA-125b and Aβ-independent neurotoxic pathways., “Investissement d’Avenir” (ANR-10-AIHU-06) French program. The study was promoted in collaboration with the “CHU de Bordeaux” (coordination CIC EC7), the promoter of Memento cohort, funded by the Foundation Plan-Alzheimer. The study was further supported by AVID/Lilly. CATI is a French neuroimaging platform funded by the French Plan Alzheimer (available at http://cati-neuroimaging.com). A.V. is an employee of Eisai Inc. This work has been performed during his previous position at Sorbonne University, Paris, France. H.H. is an employee of Eisai Inc. This work has been performed during his previous position at Sorbonne University, Paris, France. At Sorbonne University he was supported by the AXA Research Fund, the “Fondation partenariale Sorbonne Université” and the “Fondation pour la Recherche sur Alzheimer

ObjectiveTo investigate whether baseline concentrations of plasma total tau (t-tau) and neurofilament light (NfL) chain proteins are associated with annual percent change (APC) of the basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS) in cognitively intact older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease (AD).MethodsThis was a large-scale study of 276 cognitively intact older adults from the monocentric INSIGHT-preAD (Investigation of Alzheimer's Predictors in Subjective Memory Complainers) cohort. Participants underwent baseline assessment of plasma t-tau and NfL concentrations as well as baseline and 24-month follow-up MRI scans. Linear models with and without influential observations (calculated using the Cook distance) were carried out to investigate the effect of plasma NfL and t-tau concentrations, and their interaction effect with β-amyloid status and APOE genotype, on the APC of the whole BFCS and its anterior (Ch1/2) and posterior (Ch4) subdivisions separately.ResultsHigher plasma t-tau concentrations at baseline were associated with higher BFCS rate of atrophy (model without influencers: n = 251, F value = 4.6815; p value = 0.031). Subregional analyses showed similar results for both the APC of the Ch1/2 (model without influencers: n = 256, F value = 3.9535, p corrected = 0.047) and Ch4 BFCS sectors (model without influencers: n = 253, F value = 4.9090, p corrected = 0.047). Baseline NfL, β-amyloid load, and APOE ε4 carrier status did not affect APC of the BFCS.ConclusionIncreased concentrations of baseline plasma t-tau may predict in vivo structural BFCS atrophy progression in older adults at risk for AD, independently of β-amyloid status and APOE genotype.

Submitted by Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia Saúde (mestrodo@ufba.br) on 2019-01-16T17:04:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO pos defesa 06 fev IMPRESSA .pdf: 1791833 bytes, checksum: 3467fee7d3f454a76d69f4cf102cdc30 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Delba Rosa (delba@ufba.br) on 2019-03-29T15:50:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO pos defesa 06 fev IMPRESSA .pdf: 1791833 bytes, checksum: 3467fee7d3f454a76d69f4cf102cdc30 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-29T15:50:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO pos defesa 06 fev IMPRESSA .pdf: 1791833 bytes, checksum: 3467fee7d3f454a76d69f4cf102cdc30 (MD5) O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre inclinação dentária e coberturas óssea e gengival. A partir de um banco de imagens, foram incluídas tomografias computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) de vinte pacientes com boa saúde periodontal e que tiveram indicação para realização do exame para outros procedimentos de diagnóstico. Todas as imagens foram adquiridas usando afastador de lábio plástico, em tomógrafo Kodak 8100 3D com voxel de 0,15mm3 . Nas imagens seccionais foram realizadas mensurações da inclinação dentária, da espessura das coberturas óssea radicular e gengival vestibulares e das distâncias entre margem gengival-crista óssea alveolar (MG-Crista) e junção amelo-cementária-crista óssea alveolar (JAC-Crista) na face vestibular de dentes ântero-superiores. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e os testes de Pearson, Spearman e um modelo de regressão linear foram utilizados (p≤0,05). As análises mostraram que a inclinação dentária está direta e significativamente relacionada com as espessuras óssea (R=0,29; p

Persons who participate in the CARDEC collaborative group and their respectiveroles. (PDF 11Â kb)

En este artículo, analizamos, con un enfoque estrictamente sincrónico, el status de los siguientes elementos morfológicos de uso frecuente para la formación de nuevas palabras en el portugués de Brasil: afijoides o seudoafijos (bio-combustível, eco-sustentabilidade), splinters (choco-tone; sogra-drasta) y xenoconstituyentes (cyber-café; e-professor). A lo largo del texto, observamos en qué medida estos componentes se portan como radicales y de qué manera son equivalentes a los afijos. Pretendemos, de esta forma, justificar la propuesta del continuum defendida por Baker (2000) y Ralli (2007), a la vez demostramos cómo otras unidades morfológicas, además de radicales y afijos, deben formar parte de esa escala In this paper, we discuss synchronously the status of the following morphological elements, often used in new word formations in Brazilian Portuguese: affixoids (bio-combustível, eco-sustentabilidade), splinters (choco-tone; sogra-drasta) and borrowed constituents (cyber-café; e-professor). In our description, we observe the extent to which these constituents behave as radicals and in what ways are equivalent to affixes. We intend, thereby, ratify the continuum proposed by Baker (2000) and Ralli (2007), at same time we show that other morphological units, as well as radicals and affixes, should be part of this scale.

In the first part of this work, simultaneous fMRI/EEG recordings were applied to analyze the functional connectivity of the hippocampus with the neocortex during human sleep. This provided relevant differentiation of sleep stage specific contributions to neural plasticity as proposed in models of sleep dependent memory consolidation. In the second part, more methodological aspects were addressed, evaluating the potential of a non-linear analysis method called recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) to extract rapidly changing dynamic features of EEG data, which may be used to better study fMRI models. According to the present results, RQA may be used as an additional tool to obtain new insights in neurophysiological and neuroanatomical correlates of stimulus habituation and novelty processing even in combined trial-by-trial functional fMRI/EEG experiments. Im ersten Teil der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden simulatane EEG/fMRT Daten zur Darstellung der funktionelle Verknüpfung des Hippocampus mit dem Neokortex während des Schlafs genutzt. Unsere Daten zeigen schlafstadienabhängige Beiträge zur neuronalen Plastizität, die auch in Modellen zur Gedächtniskonsolidierung im Schlaf postuliert werden. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird eine nicht-linearen Analysemethode („recurrence quantification analysis“, RQA) zur Extraktion dynamischer Eigenschaften elektrophysiologischer Daten untersucht, die zur Verbesserung von fMRT Modellen herangezogen werden könnten. Unsere Daten legen nahe, dass RQA als zusätzliches Maß neuartige neurophysiologische und neuroanatomische Korrelate von Habituation und der Prozessierung abweichender Stimuli quantifizieren kann, auch auf Basis einzelner Stimuli in kombinierten EEG/fMRT Experimenten.

Around the world, cycling has mostly been used for two main purposes. Some societies view and utilize the bicycle as an integral part of the transportation system. Even if not used as the main transportation mode, it can still be used efficiently as a complementary transportation mode to public transit modes. The Netherlands and Denmark are examples of European countries where cycling accounts for high daily shares. Among Asian countries, Japan and China present significant cycling rates. However, as the contemporary societies grow more auto-dependent, cycling has been merely seen as a means of recreation and rarely used for daily travel in many other countries. Examples are the United States, Australia and Great Britain where nationwide statistics suggest insignificant bicycle shares. As part of a larger research project, this paper presents a preliminary discussion on the use of bicycle in two countries with significantly different cycling characteristics, Great Britain and Japan. In most British cities, cycling is not an integral part of the transportation system, despite considerable efforts from government. Conversely, cycling is a widely accepted transportation mode throughout Japan, even though Japanese cities do not yet present extensive cycling networks. Traditionally, Japanese urban plans are limited to two main actions with regards to cycling; either implementing bicycle parking facilities around railway/subway stations, or establishing bicycle zones within road intersections. The main objective of this paper is to present an overview of each country's cycling system, with a focus on travel patterns and bicycle facilities. Initially, benefits from cycling are pointed out. Cycling trends are then compered, whilst bicycle infrastructure and service are summarized. The paper concludes by comparing transport policies and strategies towards cycling in these countries and discussing the relative merits of each approach.

A carência de ferro é a mais comum deficiência de micronutrientesem todo o mundo. Quando severa, leva à anemiaferropriva, que está associada com aumento do risco demortalidade materna e perinatal, e sérios danos funcionais,além da diminuição do desenvolvimento humano e da produtividadeque leva a conseqüências econômicas nos paísesonde a incidência é elevada. Para o controle da deficiência de ferro, a fortificação dos alimentos é uma medida eficaz,porém, como critério, este alimento deve ser de consumohabitual e homogêneo para ser o veículo a transportar onutriente.

Este trabajo analiza, de una forma objetiva los diferentes inconvenientes que ha sufrido la compañía por la falta de visión de hacia donde se quiere llegar, y la mala organización del departamento de sistemas con respecto a los sistemas de información y la tecnología implantada en la compañía. Para el desarrollo del proyecto nos hemos basado en el relevamiento de información a los diferentes empleados de la compañía, información financiera de las compañías de seguros del mercado. El principal objetivo de esta investigación consiste en plantear estrategias y establecer el plan de acción que lleve a aumentar la productividad del negocio. como resultado de la evaluación de la compañía nos ha llevado a recomendar cambios en aspectos tales como: Productos, Imagen, Tecnología y Recursos Humanos, orientadas en todo momento a la calidad del servicio y satisfacción del cliente.

Background Current methods of amyloid PET interpretation based on the binary classification of global amyloid signal fail to identify early phases of amyloid deposition. A recent analysis of 18F-florbetapir PET data from the Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort suggested a hierarchical four-stage model of regional amyloid deposition that resembles neuropathologic estimates and can be used to stage an individual’s amyloid burden in vivo. Here, we evaluated the validity of this in vivo amyloid staging model in an independent cohort of older people with subjective memory complaints (SMC). We further examined its potential association with subtle cognitive impairments in this population at elevated risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods The monocentric INSIGHT-preAD cohort includes 318 cognitively intact older individuals with SMC. All individuals underwent 18F-florbetapir PET scanning and extensive neuropsychological testing. We projected the regional amyloid uptake signal into the previously proposed hierarchical staging model of in vivo amyloid progression. We determined the adherence to this model across all cases and tested the association between increasing in vivo amyloid stage and cognitive performance using ANCOVA models. Results In total, 156 participants (49%) showed evidence of regional amyloid deposition, and all but 2 of these (99%) adhered to the hierarchical regional pattern implied by the in vivo amyloid progression model. According to a conventional binary classification based on global signal (SUVRCereb = 1.10), individuals in stages III and IV were classified as amyloid-positive (except one in stage III), but 99% of individuals in stage I and even 28% of individuals in stage II were classified as amyloid-negative. Neither in vivo amyloid stage nor conventional binary amyloid status was significantly associated with cognitive performance in this preclinical cohort. Conclusions The proposed hierarchical staging scheme of PET-evidenced amyloid deposition generalizes well to data from an independent cohort of older people at elevated risk for AD. Future studies will determine the prognostic value of the staging approach for predicting longitudinal cognitive decline in older individuals at increased risk for AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13195-019-0466-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A ayahuasca é uma bebida com propriedades psicodélicas amplamente utilizada por populações indígenas da região amazônica. Esse preparo contém a triptamina psicodélica N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT), e inibidores da monoamina oxidase (iMAO), como harmina e harmalina. A ayahuasca é considerada um psicodélico serotonérgico, e que pode levar a um estado alterado de consciência com semelhanças a uma experiência onírica, com intensas alterações na percepção, pensamentos, humor, emoção, e experiências tidas como místicas. Correlatos neurais dos efeitos agudos da ayahuasca têm sido investigados por diferentes técnicas de neuroimagem funcional, incluindo a eletroencefalografia (EEG). Neste trabalho exploramos mudanças espectrais de EEG em 50 voluntários saudáveis, utilizando desenho randomizado duplo-cego placebo-controlado. Metade recebeu uma sessão com a ayahuasca, a outra metade com placebo. Após a administração da substância, os voluntários foram monitorados durante 4 horas por um equipamento de EEG. A fim de melhorar a qualidade dos dados, os voluntários foram solicitados a realizar 2 tarefas simples em três instantes específicos: antes da ingestão, 2h e 4 horas após a ingestão. Na primeira tarefa, deveriam tentar permanecer acordados, e intercalar períodos de 20 segundos de olhos abertos, e 40 segundos de olhos fechados, durante 5 minutos. Na segunda tarefa, eles deveriam permanecer de olhos fechados, tentando se manter acordados, por outros 5 minutos. A análise espectral (2h) revelou que a potência de alfa é significativamente menor no grupo ayahuasca que no placebo nas regiões occipital e temporoparietal à direita. Encontramos, ainda, aumento significativo em 2h na potência de teta na região temporoparietal à direita. A análise de correlação revelou correspondências entre a potência de alfa (2h) e a pontuação obtida em duas escalas sensíveis aos efeitos de psicodélicos - a Hallucinogen Rating Scale (HRS) e o Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ). Apresentamos, ainda, achados de traçados curiosos, encontrados na inspeção visual dos traçados de EEG. De modo geral, nossos resultados sugerem que a inibição das oscilações alfa em regiões posteriores do cérebro desempenha papel importante na experiência psicodélica, talvez compartilhando mecanismos presentes durante a experiência onírica. Ayahuasca is a brew with psychedelic properties largely used by indigenous populations from the Amazon basin. It contains the psychedelic tryptamine N,N-dimethyltriptamine (DMT), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (iMAO), such as harmine and harmaline. Ayahuasca is consid-ered to be a serotonergic psychedelic, capable of inducing an altered state of consciousness with similarities to an oneiric experience, with intense alterations in perception, though, humor, emo-tion, and mystical-type experiences. The neural correlates of its acute effects have been inves-tigated by different neuroimaging techniques, including electroencephalography (EEG). In this study, we explored EEG spectral changes in 48 healthy volunteers using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Half of the volunteers received ayahuasca, half received placebo. We used an EEG system to monitor all volunteers throughout the dosing session, which lasted approximately 4-hours. Aiming to improve data quality, the volunteers were asked to perform two controlled tasks at three specific moments: before intake, 2h and 4h after intake. For the first task, they alternated moments of eyes open (20 seconds) with eyes closed (40 seconds) for 5 minutes, avoiding falling asleep. During the second task they should keep their eyes closed for another 5 minutes, again avoiding falling asleep. Spectral analysis at 2h after intake shows reduced alpha power, and increased theta and beta in the ayahuasca group with respect to the placebo, mainly in occipital and right temporoparietal regions. Correlation analysis revealed correspondences between the alpha power (2h) and individual scores on two scales used to measure psychedelic effects – the Hallucinogen Rating Scale (HRS) and the Mystical Experi-ence Questionnaire (MEQ). Additionally, we also present EEG traces with electrophysiological events that might be of importance for the representation of the psychedelic experience. Over-all, our results suggest that the inhibition of alpha oscillations, increased theta and beta in right posterior brain regions play an important role on the psychedelic experience, maybe sharing mechanisms present during the oneiric experience.

As emoções influenciam no comportamento, contribuindo para a adaptação ao ambiente, e modulando os processos cognitivos como a percepção, a atenção e a memória. As imagens com conteúdo emocional afetam o potencial evocado visual, provocando aumento nas amplitudes dos componentes precoces. Porém, ainda não é claro como o conteúdo emocional associado a uma determinada via sensorial pode afetar o processamento de outras modalidades sensoriais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar como as imagens com conteúdo emocional influenciam o processamento sensorial auditivo, através do potencial evocado auditivo de um som inócuo. Para isso, foi registrado o potencial evocado auditivo em 36 estudantes universitários durante a apresentação de blocos de imagens negativas, blocos de imagens positivas, blocos de imagens neutras ou uma tela em branco. Analisamos também os escores de valência e alerta das imagens, a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e a potência das bandas de frequência teta e alfa,. As imagens negativas, positivas e neutras tiveram os escores de valência e alerta esperado para esses tipos de imagens, mas esses resultados diferiram dos escores da padronização realizada para o Brasil. Já na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, foi observada uma desaceleração do ritmo cardíaco durante a apresentação das imagens negativas e positivas, o que correlacionou com os escores das imagens. Quanto ao potencial evocado auditivo, não encontramos um efeito da emoção. Contudo, foi encontrada uma diminuição da amplitude do potencial evocado durante a apresentação das imagens, independentemente da sua valência. As análises das bandas de frequências mostraram um aumento da potência de teta e alfa no hemisfério esquerdo inicialmente durante as quatro condições. Em um segundo momento foi observado um aumento da potência dessas bandas durante a apresentação das imagens emocionais no hemisfério direito. Por último, foi observada uma diminuição da potência de teta no hemisfério direito na condição de imagens negativas. Os resultados da avaliação das imagens e a variabilidade da frequência verificam que as imagens do International Affective Picture System (IAPS) são um bom método para induzir e avaliar emoções. Contudo, é importante fazer uma melhor padronização para todo o Brasil. A resposta do potencial evocado indica uma divisão da orientação da atenção entre as duas fontes de estimulação. Por fim, o incremento da potência de teta e alfa principalmente no hemisfério direito, evidência a importância do hemisfério direito no processamento de informação sensorial. Emotions are crucial for the survivor of the organisms. They allow individuals to recognize what is threatening and what is safe in the environment. Emotions work modulating several cognitive processes, such as perception, attention and memory. At an electrophysiological level, emotions influence the response of neuronal networks measured by Event-Related Potentials (ERP). It has been documented that pleasant and unpleasant pictures increase the amplitude of the visual ERP in the visual areas of the brain. However, little is known about how emotions affect the processing of stimuli of different sensory modalities. The aim of this work was to test how the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) may affect the ERP of an innocuous sound. For this purpose the auditory ERP of 36 healthy students was recorded while they were watching a stream of high arousal unpleasant, high arousal pleasant, neutral images or a white screen. Heart rate variability (HRV), subjective self-report and band frequency power were measured too. Results showed that subjective self-report of the pictures emotional property verified the emotional qualities of these pictures, but it was slightly different form the Brazilian standard scores. We also found a deceleration of the HRV during emotional pictures viewing, and this correlated with the subjective self-report. No effect from emotional valence on the auditory ERP was found, only an effect of the pictures when compared to the white screen condition. In the left hemisphere, band frequency power showed a increase of theta and alpha power in the first moment for the four conditions. In a second moment, there was a increase of the power of this two bands during emotional pictures presentation in the right hemisphere. And then, it was seen a decrease in the right hemisphere of theta band power during unpleasant picture viewing. Scores from the subjective self-report and HRV confirmed that IAPS are a good method to elicit and evaluate emotions, but is necessary to extend the Brazilian standardization to have a more reliable instrument. Findings in the auditory ERP suggest a division of attention between the two kind of stimulation. Finally, the increase in the theta and alpha band power, especially in the right hemisphere, throughout the temporal series suggest a specialization of right hemisphere in the processing of emotional information.

O estado vibracional (EV) é descrito como uma sensação de vibração intensa por todo o corpo, em que o sujeito se mantém num estado de relaxamento psicofisiológico que pode ser gerado de forma espontânea ou autoinduzida. Pessoas que aplicam esta técnica relatam alterações do estado mental e emocional, tais como: relaxamento, disposição, limpidez de pensamento, equilíbrio emocional, melhoria do raciocínio, bemestar, entre outros. Estas são, entretanto observações subjetivas, sendo a mensuração deste fenômeno uma lacuna e um desafio para a ciência. O objetivo desta pesquisa é explorar sistematicamente o estado vibracional no âmbito da neurociência. Desta forma, medidas eletroencefalográficas (EEG) foram utilizadas para observar se a sensação subjetiva de EV é acompanhada por mudanças na atividade elétrica cerebral. Além disso, para avaliar se o EV provoca algum efeito positivo em funções cognitivas como atenção e memória, foi utilizado um teste de reconhecimento de palavras antes e depois da aplicação da técnica de EV. Foram também aplicados questionários de dados gerais socioeconômicos e de saúde, do perfil de estados de humor, de qualidade do sono, além de inventários psicológicos. O foco inicial do trabalho foi a análise estatística dos dados de EEG, ficando as outras análises para uma etapa posterior. Dois grupos de voluntários foram analisados, o primeiro formado por 14 sujeitos que praticam a técnica de EV há pelo menos 10 anos (Grupo Experiente - GEXP), e o segundo formado por 11 sujeitos que nunca haviam realizado a técnica (Grupo Controle - GCONT). O GCONT obteve instruções sobre a técnica de EV antes dos experimentos. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas dos registros eletroencefalográficos, para comparar os grupos, em quatro condições: Basal, Relaxamento, Não-EV (período em que o sujeito está engajado na tarefa, mas ainda não percebe o EV) e EV (período em que o sujeito percebe o EV). Uma vez que os sujeitos do GCONT relataram não ter conseguido atingir a condição de EV propriamente, a comparação entre grupos foi feita apenas nas três condições, Basal, Relaxamento e Não-EV. Para isso, foi usado o teste de Mann-Whitney U com um limiar estatístico de p