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18. Comparative analysis of feed-forward neural network and second-order polynomial regression in textile wastewater treatment efficiency.

Author

Alkorbi, Ali S., Tanveer, Muhammad, Shahid, Humayoun, Qadir, Muhammad Bilal, Ahmad, Fayyaz, Khaliq, Zubair, Jalalah, Mohammed, Irfan, Muhammad, Algadi, Hassan, and Harraz, Farid A.

Subjects
WASTEWATER treatment, CHEMICAL oxygen demand, COLOR removal (Sewage purification), POLYNOMIALS, COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

This study refines a single-layer Feed-Forward Neural Network (FFNN) for the treatment of textile dye wastewater, concentrating on percentage decolorization (%DEC) and percentage chemical oxygen demand (%COD) reduction. The optimized neural network configuration comprises four input and one output neuron, fine-tuned based on the mean squared error (MSE). The training phase demonstrates a consistent MSE decline, reaching its lowest at epoch 209 for %DEC and epoch 34 for %COD, with corresponding MSEs of 1.799 × 10-5 and 1.4 × 10-3, respectively. The maximum absolute errors for %DEC and %COD were found to be 4.0787 and 2.4486, while the mean absolute errors were 0.4821 and 0.7256, respectively. In contrast to second-degree polynomial regression, the FFNN model exhibits enhanced predictive accuracy, as indicated by higher R² values of 0.99363 for %DEC and 0.99716 for %COD, and reduced error metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. In-vitro cytotoxicity of nickel oxide nanoparticles against L-6 cell-lines: MMP, MTT and ROS studies

Author

Bala, Renu, primary, Pareek, Bhawna, additional, Umar, Ahmad, additional, Arora, Saroj, additional, Singh, Davinder, additional, Chaudhary, Ashun, additional, Alkhanjaf, Abdulrab Ahmed M., additional, Almadiy, Abdulrhman A., additional, Algadi, Hassan, additional, Kumar, Raman, additional, Jaswal, Vivek Sheel, additional, and Baskoutas, Sotirios, additional

Published
2022
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36. High Power-Conversion Efficiency of Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells: A Theoretical Investigation.

Author

Umar, Ahmad, Sadanand, Singh, Pravin Kumar, Dwivedi, D. K., Algadi, Hassan, Ibrahim, Ahmed A., Alhammai, Mohsen A. M., and Baskoutas, Sotirios

Subjects
SOLAR cells, PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems, PEROVSKITE, ELECTRON density, ELECTRON transport, RENEWABLE energy sources
Abstract

Solar cells based on lead-free perovskite have demonstrated great potential for next-generation renewable energy. The SCAPS-1D simulation software was used in this study to perform novel device modelling of a lead-free perovskite solar cell of the architecture ITO/WS2/CH3NH3SnI3/P3HT/Au. For the performance evaluation, an optimization process of the different parameters such as thickness, bandgap, doping concentration, etc., was conducted. Extensive optimization of the thickness and doping density of the absorber and electron transport layer resulted in a maximum power-conversion efficiency of 33.46% for our designed solar cell. Because of the short diffusion length and higher defect density in thicker perovskite, an absorber thickness of 1.2 µm is recommended for optimal solar cell performance. Therefore, we expect that our findings will pave the way for the development of lead-free and highly effective perovskite solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. Modeling and Simulation of Tin Sulfide (SnS)-Based Solar Cell Using ZnO as Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) and NiO as Hole Transport Layer (HTL).

Author

Umar, Ahmad, Tiwari, Pooja, Sadanand, Srivastava, Vaibhava, Lohia, Pooja, Dwivedi, Dilip Kumar, Qasem, Hussam, Akbar, Sheikh, Algadi, Hassan, and Baskoutas, Sotirios

Subjects
SOLAR cells, ELECTRON work function, ZINC oxide, NICKEL oxide, CARRIER density, NICKEL oxides
Abstract

This paper describes the simulation by Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1D (SCAPS-1D) software of ZnO/CdS/SnS/NiO/Au solar cells, in which zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as transparent conductive oxide (TCO) and nickel oxide (NiO) is used as a hole transport layer (HTL). The effects of absorber layer (SnS) thickness, carrier concentration, SnS defect density, NiO HTL, ZnO TCO, electron affinity and work function on cell performance have been evaluated. The effect of interface defect density of SnS/CdS on the performance of the heterojunction solar cell is also analysed. As the results indicate, a maximum power conversion efficiency of 26.92% was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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40. Influence of Efficient Thickness of Antireflection Coating Layer of HfO 2 for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell.

Author

Shah, Deb Kumar, KC, Devendra, Umar, Ahmad, Algadi, Hassan, Akhtar, Mohammad Shaheer, and Yang, O-Bong

Subjects
SILICON solar cells, PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems, ANTIREFLECTIVE coatings, SOLAR cells, QUANTUM efficiency, SPIN coating
Abstract

Anti-reflective coating (ARC) layers on silicon (Si) solar cells usually play a vital role in the amount of light absorbed into the cell and protect the device from environmental degradation. This paper reports on the thickness optimization of hafnium oxide (HfO2) as an ARC layer for high-performance Si solar cells with PC1D simulation analysis. The deposition of the HfO2 ARC layer on Si cells was carried out with a low-cost sol-gel process followed by spin coating. The thickness of the ARC layer was controlled by varying the spinning speed. The HfO2 ARC with a thickness of 70 nm possessed the lowest average reflectance of 6.33% by covering wavelengths ranging from 400–1000 nm. The different thicknesses of HfO2 ARC layers were used as input parameters in a simulation study to explore the photovoltaic characteristics of Si solar cells. The simulation findings showed that, at 70 nm thickness, Si solar cells had an exceptional external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 98% and a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.15%. The thicknesses of HfO2 ARC considerably impacted the photovoltaic (PV) characteristics of Si solar cells, leading to achieving high-performance solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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46. Numerical Study to Enhance the Sensitivity of a Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with BlueP/WS 2 -Covered Al 2 O 3 -Nickel Nanofilms.

Author

Shivangani, Alotaibi, Maged F., Al-Hadeethi, Yas, Lohia, Pooja, Singh, Sachin, Dwivedi, D. K., Umar, Ahmad, Alzayed, Hamdah M., Algadi, Hassan, and Baskoutas, Sotirios

Subjects
SURFACE plasmon resonance, ALUMINUM oxide, ALUMINUM foam, NANOFILMS, DIAMAGNETIC materials, DETECTORS
Abstract

In the traditional surface plasmon resonance sensor, the sensitivity is calculated by the usage of angular interrogation. The proposed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor uses a diamagnetic material (Al2O3), nickel (Ni), and two-dimensional (2D) BlueP/WS2 (blue phosphorous-tungsten di-sulfide). The Al2O3 sheet is sandwiched between silver (Ag) and nickel (Ni) films in the Kretschmann configuration. A mathematical simulation is performed to improve the sensitivity of an SPR sensor in the visible region at a frequency of 633 nm. The simulation results show that an upgraded sensitivity of 332°/RIU is achieved for the metallic arrangement consisting of 17 nm of Al2O3 and 4 nm of Ni in thickness for analyte refractive indices ranging from 1.330 to 1.335. The thickness variation of the layers plays a curial role in enhancing the performance of the SPR sensor. The thickness variation of the proposed configuration containing 20 nm of Al2O3 and 1 nm of Ni with a monolayer of 2D material BlueP/WS2 enhances the sensitivity to as high as 374°/RIU. Furthermore, it is found that the sensitivity can be altered and managed by means of altering the film portions of Ni and Al2O3 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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47. Electrospun Co3O4nanofibers as potential material for enhanced supercapacitors and chemo-sensor applications

Author

Umar, Ahmad, Akhtar, M. Shaheer, Ibrahim, Ahmed A., Algadi, Hassan, Alhamami, Mohsen A.M., Ahmed, Faheem, Motlak, Moaaed, and Akbar, Sheikh

Abstract

In this paper, highly dense and defined Co3O4nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method followed by controlled oxidation using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and CoCl2as precursors. For the fabrication of effective electrochemical sensors and supercapacitors, the prepared Co3O4nanofibers were used as electro-active electrodes. The prepared Co3O4nanofibers were morphologically investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which confirmed the formation of highly dense and well-defined fibrous morphology. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and elemental analysis demonstrated the typical crystalline cubic phase Co3O4with appropriate stoichiometric element ratio. The supercapacitor with prepared Co3O4nanofibers based electrode has an excellent cycle stability and a considerably higher specific capacitance of 419 C/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. Interestingly, the fabricated supercapacitor device keeps 87% capacitance after 5000 charge/discharge cycles. For 2-butanone chemical sensing, the prepared Co3O4nanofibers based electrode presents a reasonable sensitivity of 90.7 mAμM−1cm−2and linear dynamics of 10–200 μM with good LOD of ∼5.8 μM and regression coefficient (R) = ∼0.97407. Thus, the prepared Co3O4nanofibers with highly porous surface would pave the direction to the manufacturing of efficient energy storage and electrochemical sensing materials.

Published
2022
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50. Highly conductive and flexible fiber for textile electronics obtained by extremely low-temperature atomic layer deposition of Pt

Author

Lee, Jaehong, primary, Yoon, Jaehong, additional, Kim, Hyun Gu, additional, Kang, Subin, additional, Oh, Woo-Suk, additional, Algadi, Hassan, additional, Al-Sayari, Saleh, additional, Shong, Bonggeun, additional, Kim, Soo-Hyun, additional, Kim, Hyungjun, additional, Lee, Taeyoon, additional, and Lee, Han-Bo-Ram, additional

Published
2016
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