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1. Towards the Enhancement of Body Standing Balance Recovery by Means of a Wireless Audio-Biofeedback System

Author

Costantini, Giovanni, Casali, Daniele, Paolizzo, Fabio, Alessandrini, Marco, Micarelli, Alessandro, Viziano, Andrea, and Saggio, Giovanni

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Information Retrieval, Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

Human maintain their body balance by sensorimotor controls mainly based on information gathered from vision, proprioception and vestibular systems. When there is a lack of information, caused by pathologies, diseases or aging, the subject may fall. In this context, we developed a system to augment information gathering, providing the subject with warning audio-feedback signals related to his/her equilibrium. The system comprises an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a data processing unit, a headphone audio device and a software application. The IMU is a low-weight, small-size wireless instrument that, body-back located between the L2 and L5 lumbar vertebrae, measures the subject's trunk kinematics. The application drives the data processing unit to feeding the headphone with electric signals related to the kinematic measures. Consequently, the user is audio-alerted, via headphone, of his/her own equilibrium, hearing a pleasant sound when in a stable equilibrium, or an increasing bothering sound when in an increasing unstable condition. Tests were conducted on a group of six older subjects (59y-61y, SD = 2.09y) and a group of four young subjects (21y-26y, SD = 2.88y) to underline difference in effectiveness of the system, if any, related to the age of the users. For each subject, standing balance tests were performed in normal or altered conditions, such as, open or closed eyes, and on a solid or foam surface The system was evaluated in terms of usability, reliability, and effectiveness in improving the subject's balance in all conditions. As a result, the system successfully helped the subjects in reducing the body swaying within 10.65%-65.90%, differences depending on subjects' age and test conditions., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables

Published
2019
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6. Taste Function in Adult Humans from Lean Condition to Stage II Obesity: Interactions with Biochemical Regulators, Dietary Habits, and Clinical Aspects

Author

Micarelli, Alessandro, primary, Vezzoli, Alessandra, additional, Malacrida, Sandro, additional, Micarelli, Beatrice, additional, Misici, Ilaria, additional, Carbini, Valentina, additional, Iennaco, Ilaria, additional, Caputo, Sara, additional, Mrakic-Sposta, Simona, additional, and Alessandrini, Marco, additional

Published
2023
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11. Italian Expert Consensus on Clinical and Therapeutic Management of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS)

Author

Damiani, Giovanni, primary, Alessandrini, Marco, additional, Caccamo, Daniela, additional, Cormano, Andrea, additional, Guzzi, Gianpaolo, additional, Mazzatenta, Andrea, additional, Micarelli, Alessandro, additional, Migliore, Alberto, additional, Piroli, Alba, additional, Bianca, Margherita, additional, Tapparo, Ottaviano, additional, and Pigatto, Paolo, additional

Published
2021
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13. Temporomandibular disorders and cervicogenic dizziness: Relations between cervical range of motion and clinical parameters.

Author

Micarelli, Alessandro, Viziano, Andrea, Granito, Ivan, Micarelli, Riccardo Xavier, Augimeri, Ivan, and Alessandrini, Marco

Abstract

To analyze the cervical range of motion (CROM) and clinical parameters in patients affected by myogenous temporomandibular disorders (TMD), cervicogenic dizziness (CGD), both TMD and CGD (TMD/CGD), and a group of healthy subjects (HS). CROM degrees, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-17), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Jaw Functional Limitation Scale 20 (JFLS-20) scores were compared between 46 TMD patients, 49 CGD subjects, 43 TMD/CGD patients, and 98 HS. TMD/CGD and CGD patients demonstrated significantly lower CROM degrees and higher DHI, TSK-17, and HADS values when compared to TMD patients. TMD/CGD and TMD patients demonstrated higher JFLS-20 values when compared to CGD and HS. Significant negative correlations were found in TMD/CGD and TMD patients between JFLS-20 and CROM in flexion and extension. Present findings demonstrated a relation between spine movement impairment and TMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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14. Cariprazine Add-on in Inadequate Clozapine Response: A Report on Two Cases

Author

Berardis, Domenico De, primary, Rapini, Gabriella, additional, Olivieri, Luigi, additional, Giardini, Agostina, additional, Lauretis, Ida De, additional, Serroni, Nicola, additional, Orsolini, Laura, additional, Fornaro, Michele, additional, Iasevoli, Felice, additional, Trotta, Sabatino, additional, Cottura, Paolo, additional, Vellante, Federica, additional, Alessandrini, Marco, additional, and Giannantonio, Massimo Di, additional

Published
2021
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17. Understanding the Complex of Suicide in Depression: from Research to Clinics

Author

Orsolini, Laura, primary, Latini, Roberto, additional, Pompili, Maurizio, additional, Serafini, Gianluca, additional, Volpe, Umberto, additional, Vellante, Federica, additional, Fornaro, Michele, additional, Valchera, Alessandro, additional, Tomasetti, Carmine, additional, Fraticelli, Silvia, additional, Alessandrini, Marco, additional, La Rovere, Raffaella, additional, Trotta, Sabatino, additional, Martinotti, Giovanni, additional, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, additional, and De Berardis, Domenico, additional

Published
2020
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19. Evaluation of Task-Related Brain Activity: Is There a Role for 18F FDG-PET Imaging?

Author

Chiaravalloti, Agostino, Micarelli, Alessandro, Ricci, Maria, Pagani, Marco, Ciccariello, Gabriele, Bruno, Ernesto, Alessandrini, Marco, and Schillaci, Orazio

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been widely used for the evaluation of cortical glucose metabolism in several neurodegenerative disorders while its potential role in the evaluation of cortical and subcortical activity during a task in the healthy and pathological brain still remains to be a matter of debate. Few studies have been carried out in order to investigate the potential role of this radiotracer for the evaluation of brain glucose consumption during dynamic brain activation. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the applications of FDG-PET in the evaluation of cortical activation at rest and during tasks, describing first the physiological basis of FDG distribution in brain and its kinetic in vivo. An overview of the imaging protocols and image interpretation will be provided as well. As a last aspect, the results of the main studies in this field will be summarized and the results of PET findings performed in healthy subjects and patients suffering from various diseases will be reported.

Published
2019
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20. Optimizing Synthetic miRNA Minigene Architecture for Efficient miRNA Hairpin Concatenation and Multi-target Gene Knockdown

Author

Rousset, Francis, Salmon, Patrick, Bredl, Simon, Cherpin, Ophélie, Coelho, Marta, Myburgh, Renier, Alessandrini, Marco, Perny, Michael, Roccio, Marta, Speck, Roberto F, Senn, Pascal, Krause, Karl Heinz, Rousset, Francis, Salmon, Patrick, Bredl, Simon, Cherpin, Ophélie, Coelho, Marta, Myburgh, Renier, Alessandrini, Marco, Perny, Michael, Roccio, Marta, Speck, Roberto F, Senn, Pascal, and Krause, Karl Heinz

Abstract

Synthetic microRNA (miRNA) minigenes (SMIGs) have a major potential for molecular therapy; however, their optimal architecture still needs to be determined. We have previously optimized the stem structure of miRNA hairpins for efficient gene knockdown. Here, we investigate the overall architecture of SMIGs driven by polymerase II-dependent promoters. When miRNA hairpins were placed directly behind the promoter, gene knockdown was inefficient as compared with constructs containing an intercalated sequence ("spacer"). Spacer sequence was relevant for knockdown efficiency and concatenation potential: GFP-based sequences (even when truncated or including stop codons) were particularly efficient. In contrast, a spacer of similar length based on a CD4 intronic sequence was entirely inefficient. Spacer sequences influenced miRNA steady-state levels without affecting transcript stability. We demonstrate that with an optimized spacer, up to five concatenated hairpins targeting two different genes are efficiently expressed and able to knock down their respective targets. Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells containing a CCR5 knockdown SMIG demonstrated a sustained in vivo efficacy of our approach. In summary, we have defined features that optimize SMIG efficiency. Based on these results, optimized knockdown of genes of interest, such as the HIV co-receptor CCR5 and the NADPH oxidase subunit p22, was achieved.

Published
2019

23. Optimizing Synthetic miRNA Minigene Architecture for Efficient miRNA Hairpin Concatenation and Multi-target Gene Knockdown

Author

Rousset, Francis, primary, Salmon, Patrick, additional, Bredl, Simon, additional, Cherpin, Ophélie, additional, Coelho, Marta, additional, Myburgh, Renier, additional, Alessandrini, Marco, additional, Perny, Michael, additional, Roccio, Marta, additional, Speck, Roberto F., additional, Senn, Pascal, additional, and Krause, Karl Heinz, additional

Published
2019
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25. Cariprazine Add-on in Inadequate Clozapine Response: A Report on Two Cases.

Author

De Berardis, Domenico, Rapini, Gabriella, Olivieri, Luigi, Giardini, Agostina, De Lauretis, Ida, Serroni, Nicola, Orsolini, Laura, Fornaro, Michele, Iasevoli, Felice, Trotta, Sabatino, Cottura, Paolo, Vellante, Federica, Alessandrini, Marco, and Di Giannantonio, Massimo

Subjects
DOPAMINE antagonists, ARIPIPRAZOLE, CLOZAPINE, MENTAL depression, DOPAMINE receptors, BIPOLAR disorder
Abstract

Cariprazine is a novel antipsychotic drug that exerts partial agonism of dopamine D2/D3 receptors with preferential binding to the D3 receptor, antagonism of 5HT2B receptors, and partial agonism of 5HT1A. Currently, cariprazine has shown clinical efficacy in patients with schizophrenia and with bipolar disorder, as well as adjunctive treatment in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and drug-resistant MDD. In the present case series, we report on two patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and partial response to clozapine who benefit from combination with cariprazine. The effects of cariprazine combination were remarkable also concerning the adverse metabolic effects of clozapine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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30. Evaluation of Task-Related Brain Activity: Is There a Role for 18F FDG-PET Imaging?

Author

Chiaravalloti, Agostino, Micarelli, Alessandro, Ricci, Maria, Pagani, Marco, Ciccariello, Gabriele, Bruno, Ernesto, Alessandrini, Marco, and Schillaci, Orazio

Subjects
BRAIN physiology, GLUCOSE metabolism, BRAIN, DEOXY sugars, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, DYNAMICS, COMPUTERS in medicine, NEURODEGENERATION, RADIOISOTOPES, RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, POSITRON emission tomography, PHYSICAL activity, IN vivo studies
Abstract

Positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been widely used for the evaluation of cortical glucose metabolism in several neurodegenerative disorders while its potential role in the evaluation of cortical and subcortical activity during a task in the healthy and pathological brain still remains to be a matter of debate. Few studies have been carried out in order to investigate the potential role of this radiotracer for the evaluation of brain glucose consumption during dynamic brain activation. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the applications of FDG-PET in the evaluation of cortical activation at rest and during tasks, describing first the physiological basis of FDG distribution in brain and its kinetic in vivo. An overview of the imaging protocols and image interpretation will be provided as well. As a last aspect, the results of the main studies in this field will be summarized and the results of PET findings performed in healthy subjects and patients suffering from various diseases will be reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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35. OTX2 regulates the expression of TAp63 leading to macular and cochlear neuroepithelium development

Author

Palombo, Ramona, primary, Porta, Giovanni, additional, Bruno, Ernesto, additional, Provero, Paolo, additional, Serra, Valeria, additional, Neduri, Karthik, additional, Viziano, Andrea, additional, Alessandrini, Marco, additional, Micarelli, Alessandro, additional, Ottaviani, Fabrizio, additional, Melino, Gerry, additional, and Terrinoni, Alessandro, additional

Published
2015
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39. Evaluation of the effects of coenzyme Q10 and succinate in a rotenone-induced complex I deficient rat model / by Marco Alessandrini

Author

Alessandrini, Marco

Abstract

Disorders of the mitochondrial respiratory chain have an incidence ranging from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000, with the most frequent of these cytopathies resulting from causative alterations within mitochondrial complex I, the first enzyme of the respiratory chain. The biochemical consequences of a complex I deficiency include, amongst others, failure to oxidise reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), impairment of the Krebs cycle, elevated blood lactate, lowered adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation and an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the effects of CoQ10 and succinate in a rotenone-induced animal model. Sprague Dawley rats were dosed with rotenone for a period of 14 days via oesophageal intubation, resulting in the successful establishment of a complex I deficient animal model. Upon optimisation of the rotenone concentration, rat diets were supplemented with high concentrations of either coenzyme Q10 or succinate for two days in an attempt to alleviate the biochemical manifestations of the rotenone induced complex I deficiency. Five tissue types were collected and assayed for a total of seven biochemical parameters, which enabled the establishment of a biochemical profile of response for each of the tissue groups. Data generated from the study revealed that rotenone, when dosed in high concentrations, contributed to the alleviation of serum hydro peroxide levels. This result was confirmed by the unexpected finding that rotenone itself harboured an antioxidant capacity equivalent to that of Trolox, the vitamin E analogue generally used for the determination of antioxidant capacity. It was therefore concluded that rotenone was not an ideal inhibitor for the evaluation of complex I deficiency and ROS-related investigations in an animal model. Since this compound is the most widely used inhibitor of complex I, the data from the study affirms the use of alternative complex l inhibition strategies. Finally, the data was suggestive of the fact that both coenzyme Q10 and succinate exclusively improved isolated components of the biochemical profile. Results generated in this study thus support current therapeutic intervention where patients receive a combination of vitamins and cofactors as part of a management strategy for the mitochondrial cytopathies. Thesis (Ph.D. (Biochemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Published
2006

40. Cortical Metabolic Arrangement During Olfactory Processing

Author

Micarelli, Alessandro, primary, Pagani, Marco, additional, Chiaravalloti, Agostino, additional, Bruno, Ernesto, additional, Pavone, Isabella, additional, Candidi, Matteo, additional, Danieli, Roberta, additional, Schillaci, Orazio, additional, and Alessandrini, Marco, additional

Published
2014
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46. Lack of contralateral suppression in transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions in multiple chemical sensitivity: a clinical correlation study.

Author

Micarelli, Alessandro, Viziano, Andrea, Genovesi, Giuseppe, Bruno, Ernesto, Ottaviani, Fabrizio, and Alessandrini, Marco

Subjects
OTOACOUSTIC emissions, MULTIPLE chemical sensitivity, BIOACOUSTICS, STATISTICAL correlation, AUDITORY perception, NEURAL pathways, ACOUSTIC reflex, AUDIOMETRY, AUDITORY evoked response, CASE-control method, DISEASE complications, PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a chronic disorder characterized by a variety of symptoms associated with the exposure to chemicals at a concentration below the toxic level. Previous studies have demonstrated peculiar responses in brain activity in these patients with respect to sensory stimuli while the association between chemical sensitivity and other environmental intolerances such as noise sensitivity has been questioned by researchers. In this study, a cohort of 18 MCS patients underwent transient-evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) testing with and without contralateral suppression to evaluate the functionality of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex involved in speech-in-noise sensitivity. Results were compared with an age- and gender-matched control group (n = 20) and correlation analysis with disease onset and quick environmental exposure sensitivity inventory (qEESI) symptom severity scale was performed. Subjects affected by MCS showed statistically significant impairment of MOC reflex, and the onset of the disease and several symptom subscales showed to be correlated to such reduction in some of the frequencies tested. These data suggest that alterations of MOC reflex could be part of the complex features of this disease although more studies are needed to further explore auditory perception disorders in environmental intolerances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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47. Allelic variants of the Melanocortin 4 receptor ( MC4R) gene in a South African study group.

Author

Logan, Murray, Van der Merwe, Maria‐Teresa, Dodgen, Tyren M., Myburgh, Renier, Eloff, Arinda, Alessandrini, Marco, and Pepper, Michael S.

Subjects
MELANOCORTIN receptors, G protein coupled receptors, ALLELES, COMPLEMENTATION (Genetics), SOUTH Africans
Abstract

Obesity is a global epidemic that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Mutations in the melanocortin 4 receptor ( MC4R) gene, which codes for a G-protein-coupled receptor responsible for postprandial satiety signaling, have been associated with monogenic obesity. The prevalence of obesity is on the increase in South Africa, and it is hypothesized that mutations in MC4R are a contributing factor. The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective assessment of the relationship between allelic variants of MC4R and BMI in a South African study cohort. DNA was isolated from a demographically representative cohort of 297 individuals and the entire MC4R gene sequenced by Sanger sequencing. Eight previously reported MC4R variants were identified in 42 of the 297 (14.1%) study participants. The most frequently observed MC4R alleles were V103I (4.0%), I170V (1.5%), and I198I (1.2%), while the remaining five variants together constituted 1.18%. Five compound heterozygotes were also detected. Although MC4R variants were rare, the majority of variation was observed in individuals of Black African ancestry. No statistically significant associations with BMI were reported. Given that lifestyle interventions have limited success in decreasing obesity, there is an urgent need to perform large-scale population studies to further elucidate the molecular underpinnings of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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48. Impact of CYP2D6genotype on amitriptyline efficacy for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a pilot study

Author

Chaudhry, Mamoonah, Alessandrini, Marco, Rademan, Jacobus, Dodgen, Tyren M, Steffens, Francois E, van Zyl, Danie G, Gaedigk, Andrea, and Pepper, Michael S

Abstract

Aim:Therapy with low-dose amitriptyline is commonly used to treat painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. There is a knowledge gap, however, regarding the role of variable CYP2D6-mediated drug metabolism and side effects (SEs). We aimed to generate pilot data to demonstrate that SEs are more frequent in patients with variant CYP2D6alleles. Method:To that end, 31 randomly recruited participants were treated with low-dose amitriptyline for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and their CYP2D6gene sequenced. Results:Patients with predicted normal or ultra-rapid metabolizer phenotypes presented with less SEs compared with individuals with decreased CYP2D6 activity. Conclusion:Hence, CYP2D6genotype contributes to treatment outcome and may be useful for guiding drug therapy. Future investigations in a larger patient population are planned to support these preliminary findings.

Published
2017
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50. Olfactory-Related Quality of Life in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: A Genetic-Acquired Factors Model.

Author

Micarelli, Alessandro, Cormano, Andrea, Caccamo, Daniela, and Alessandrini, Marco

Subjects
MULTIPLE chemical sensitivity, OLFACTORY receptors, QUALITY of life, MULTIPLE regression analysis, WOUNDS & injuries, SMELL disorders, SMELL
Abstract

Genetic polymorphisms as well as environmental exposures to chemical compounds, iatrogenic, psychological, and physical trauma may play a pathophysiological role in multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) olfactory complaints, given that xenobiotic metabolism is influenced by sequence variations in genes of metabolizing enzymes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to depict—by means of multiple regression analysis—how different genetic conditions, grouped according to their function as well as clinical background and environmental exposure may interfere with those olfactory complaints referred by MCS patients. Therefore, MCS patients after gene polymorphism sequencing, the olfactory-related quality of life score—calculated by means of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorder in forty-six MCS patients—have been found to significantly rely on the phase I and II enzymes score and exposure to previous compounds and surgical treatments. The present work—implementing for the first time a genetic-acquired factors model on a regression analysis—further reinforces those theories, positing MCS as a complex, multifactorial, disease in which the genetic risk related to phase I and II enzymes involved in xenobiotic detoxification, olfactory, and neurodegenerative diseases play a necessary, but probably not sufficient role, along the pathophysiological route of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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