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1. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b Infections in Wild Terrestrial Mammals, United States, 2022

Author

Elsmo, Elizabeth J., Wunschmann, Arno, Beckmen, Kimberlee B., Broughton- Neiswanger, Liam E., Buckles, Elizabeth L., Ellis, Jayne, Fitzgerald, Scott D., Gerlach, Robert, Hawkins, Shawna, Ip, Hon S., Lankton, Julia S., Lemley, Erin M., Lenoch, Julianna B., Killian, Mary L., Lantz, Kristina, Long, Lindsey, Maes, Roger, Mainenti, Marta, Melotti, Julie, Moriarty, Megan E., Nakagun, Shotaro, Ruden, Rachel M., Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie, Thompson, Danielle, Torchetti, Mia K., Van Wettere, Arnaud J., Wise, Annabel G., and Lim, Ailam L.

Subjects
United States. Department of Agriculture -- Analysis, Avian influenza -- Development and progression, Avian influenza viruses -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Infection -- Development and progression, Natural resources -- China -- North America -- Wisconsin, Health
Abstract

Since October 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus belonging to A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage H5 clade 2.3.4.4b have been reported throughout Europe (1). Transatlantic spread of HPAI H5N1 [...]

Published
2023
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2. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b Infections in Wild Terrestrial Mammals, United States, 2022

Author

Elizabeth J. Elsmo, Arno Wünschmann, Kimberlee B. Beckmen, Liam E. Broughton-Neiswanger, Elizabeth L. Buckles, Jayne Ellis, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Robert Gerlach, Shawna Hawkins, Hon S. Ip, Julia S. Lankton, Erin M. Lemley, Julianna B. Lenoch, Mary L. Killian, Kristina Lantz, Lindsey Long, Roger Maes, Marta Mainenti, Julie Melotti, Megan E. Moriarty, Shotaro Nakagun, Rachel M. Ruden, Valerie Shearn-Bochsler, Danielle Thompson, Mia K. Torchetti, Arnaud J. Van Wettere, Annabel G. Wise, and Ailam L. Lim

Subjects
influenza, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, avian influenza, influenza A(H5N1), viruses, clade 2.3.4.4b, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

We describe the pathology of natural infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus of Eurasian lineage Goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b in 67 wild terrestrial mammals throughout the United States during April 1‒July 21, 2022. Affected mammals include 50 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 6 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), 4 raccoons (Procyon lotor), 2 bobcats (Lynx rufus), 2 Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), 1 coyote (Canis latrans), 1 fisher (Pekania pennanti), and 1 gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Infected mammals showed primarily neurologic signs. Necrotizing meningoencephalitis, interstitial pneumonia, and myocardial necrosis were the most common lesions; however, species variations in lesion distribution were observed. Genotype analysis of sequences from 48 animals indicates that these cases represent spillover infections from wild birds.

Published
2023
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