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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus is the chief cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children which causes mild to severe symptoms. Aim: To assess mothers' knowledge and practices regarding care of their children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Subjects and Method: Research design: A descriptive research design was utilized. Setting: The research was conducted at pediatric out-patient clinic for respiratory diseases at Minia university hospital for obstetrics and pediatrics Subjects: A purposive sample of 322 mothers and their children under five years with acute respiratory tract infections. Tools: Tool (I): Respiratory syncytial virus knowledge questionnaire covering the demographic characteristics of the studied mothers and their knowledge regarding Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Tool (II): Mothers reported practices regarding care of children with RSV Results: The majority of mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledge and unsatisfactory level of reported practices regarding Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Additionally, there was a statistically significant relation between mother's personal as well as social data and their total knowledge and reported practices concerning Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Also, there was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between mother's total knowledge and total reported practices. Conclusion: The mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledge and reported practices regarding care of their children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Recommendations: Educational program for mothers could be conducted to raise their knowledge and to improve their practices regarding care of children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a feasible chemical reduction method followed by intensive mixing was applied for the preparation of an attractive material based on graphite studded with cuprous oxide nanoparticle-based cubes (Cu2ONPs–C@G). Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were utilized for characterization. Cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2ONPs), with a diameter range mainly distributed from 4 to 20 nm, aggregate to form microcubes (Cu2ONPs–C) with an average diameter of about 367 nm. Paste electrode was prepared using Cu2ONPs–C@G (Cu2ONPs–C@G/PE) for voltametric quantification of the musculotropic antispasmodic drug: mebeverine hydrochloride (MEB). The electrochemical behavior of MEB was studied using CV, and the optimum analytical parameters were investigated using square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SWAdASV). Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) was used to emphasize the ability of MEB to form a complex with Cu2+, confirming the suggested electrochemical behavior of MEB at Cu2ONPs–C@G/PE. With good stability and high reproducibility, SWAdASV of Cu2ONPs–C@G/PE shows successful quantification of MEB over the concentration range of 5.00 × 10−11–1.10 × 10−9 M with lower limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 2.41 × 10−11 M and 8.05 × 10−11 M, respectively. Finally, accurate quantification of MEB in dosage forms (tablets) and biological fluids (spiked human urine and plasma samples) was achieved using Cu2ONPs-C@G/PE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifunctional nanoparticles, which incorporate diagnostic (quantum dots, magnetic, metallic, polymeric and silica nanoparticles) and/or therapeutic (magnetic and metallic nanoparticles) properties, are in the process of development. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. The surface of gold nanoparticles can be tailored by ligand functionalization to selectively bind biomarkers. Thiol-linking of DNA and chemical functionalization of gold nanoparticles for specific protein/antibody binding are the most common approaches. Several methods have been utilized for detecting AuNPs such as scanometric, fluorescence, colorimetric, surface-enhanced Raman scattering and electrochemical techniques. These unique aspects have allowed the development of novel AuNP-based assays for clinical diagnostics which promise increased sensitivity and specificity, multiplexing capability, and short turnaround times. This article focuses on nanoparticle, application in clinical diagnosis and therapeutics especially with reference with gold nanoparticle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]