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This work focuses on the two methods of extraction for dye plant Lantana Camara (ethanol and water), thin film was synthesized from two solvents by spin coating method on glass substrates. Theses dyes were characterized by the measurement of Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer FTIR, the result showed that the film had the chemical structure for flowers of lantana camara of two methods in rang (4000-400 cm-1). The measurement the optical properties of the films were studied by using UV spectrophotometer. The range absorbance spectrum has been recorded at wavelength with in the (300-1000) nm. The optical absorption (A) for the peak of ethanol was 0.93 in the wavelength 330 nm while for extraction water was 0.7 in the wavelength 330 nm ,determined the optical constants such, as absorption coefficient (α) was less than of 104 that value of ethanol and water extraction , an extinction coefficient (k) was low value between (0.2-0.25) .and was found optical energy gap from extraction water (2.4) eV ,and the optical energy gap of extraction of ethanol was found (2.25) eV.

This study investigated the impact of axial load on the dynamic response of reinforced concrete (RC) members to asymmetrical lateral impact loads. A series of asymmetrical-span impact tests were conducted on circular and square RC members with and without Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) while varying the axial compression ratios. The impact process was simulated using ABAQUS software, and the time history curves of deflection and impact were measured. The study found that specific impact loads caused bending and shearing failures. The axial compression ratio ranged from 0.05 to 0.13 when the impact curve reached its maximum deflection before the component's impact resistance decreased. Analysis of the impact point and inclined crack location revealed that axial load affects the maximum local concrete. The speed of inclined crack penetration and inclined cracks take longer to form, with weaker resistance to damage to local concrete when the axial compression ratio is between 0.05 and 0.13. When the axial compression ratio is greater than 0.13, inclined cracks form sooner with more brittle and severe damage to the impact point's concrete. The study also identified key parameters affecting the dynamic response of RC members, including impact height, CFRP layer thickness, axial force, and impact location. Thicker CFRP layers in RC can improve impact resistance, especially when the impact location is farther from the center. However, there is a limit to the impact of axial force on this resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinforced concrete deep beams are a vital member of infrastructures such as bridges, shear walls, and foundation pile caps. Thousands of dollars and human lives are seriously threatened due to shear failure, which have developed in deep beams containing web openings. This paper investigates numerically the overall behavior of simply supported concrete deep beams reinforced with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets through forty specimens grouped in four groups. The numerical analysis results agreed well with the experimental results in the literature, particularly the visual failure initiation with a failure load difference of nearly 7%. Finite element analyses indicated that the presence of an opening with considerable width reduced the failure load by about 71% compared to the corresponding solid specimens. In addition, the reinforced concrete deep beam samples started to behave differently when the (b/h) ratio increased more than (2.0). The findings showed that the compression stress strut pathway had been disrupted by the web opening leading to stress redistribution, and the structure will behave as two separate members. Thus, the upper web-opening part sustained the most stress, while the part under the web-opening did not show any stress concentration. The numerical stress distribution results showed that the attributed reason is that rebars and openings helped redirect the stresses to the compression strut. Using CFRP sheets with a width of more than 160 mm significantly improved the reinforced concrete deep beam with web-opening due to the increasing confinement to the upper part of the reinforced concrete deep beams with the opening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]