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Resumen: Introducción: Los prematuros tardíos (PT) son un subgrupo de prematuros numeroso con riesgo de déficit en el desarrollo psicomotor (DPM). Muchas alteraciones sutiles pasan desapercibidas si no se emplean herramientas adecuadas de evaluación. El cuestionario para padres Ages & Stages Questionnaires 3® (ASQ3®) parece sencillo y útil para la detección de riesgo en el DPM y está recomendado por sociedades científicas que estudian a los PT. Objetivos: Evaluar el riesgo de déficit en el DPM a los 5 años de edad en PT y compararlos con recién nacidos a término (RNAT) con ASQ3. Pacientes y métodos: Se recogieron los PT nacidos en un hospital de tercer nivel en el año 2010 y 2 RNAT del mismo sexo por cada PT. Se compararon variables de morbilidad prenatal y neonatal. A los 5 años se solicitó a sus familias (excluyendo aquellos con otros riesgos neurológicos) completar ASQ3. Se determinó el punto de corte para la puntuación total de ASQ3 que discriminará el riesgo de déficit del DPM mediante un análisis ROC. El punto de corte para determinar alteración en cada dominio se obtuvo según el manual ASQ3. Resultados: ASQ3 fue completado por 88 PT (47%) y 131 RNAT (35%). Todas las puntuaciones medias globales y por dominios fueron menores en PT, sin encontrar diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Siete PT tuvieron riesgo de déficit del DPM (≤ 253 puntos) frente a 4 RNAT, sin diferencia significativa. Un total de 195 PT tuvieron mayor patología materna, fetal y neonatal que RNAT (n = 390). En el análisis univariante el sexo varón y el crecimiento intrauterino restringido (CIR) fueron factores asociados al riesgo de déficit del DPM y en el multivariante solo CIR. Conclusión: El riesgo de déficit en el DPM entre PT y RNAT a los 5 años parece no evidenciarse con diferencias significativas entre ambos, siendo los valores obtenidos en el ASQ3 ligeramente inferiores en los PT. Sexo varón y CIR parecen influir negativamente en este riesgo. Abstract: Introduction: Late prematures (LP) belong to a subgroup of many premature babies with a risk of delayed psychomotor development (PMD). Many subtle changes pass unnoticed if adequate assessment tools are not used. The Ages & Stages Questionnaires 3® (ASQ3®) for parents appears simple and useful for the detection of risk of impairment of PMD, and is recommended by scientific societies that study LP. Objectives: To evaluate the risk of impaired PMD in LP at 5 years-old, and compare them with term newborns (TNB) using the ASQ3. Patients and methods: Data were collected on the LP born in a third level hospital in 2010, as well as 2 TNB of the same gender for each LP. The prenatal and postnatal morbidity variables were compared. At 5 years, their families (excluding those with other neurological risks) were asked to complete the ASQ3. The cut-off point was determined for the total score of the ASQ3 that would discriminate the risk of PMD impairment using ROC analysis. The cut-off point to determine a change in each domain was obtained according to the ASQ3 manual. Results: The ASQ3 was completed for 88 (47%) and 131 (35%) TNB. All the overall mean scores and those for domains were lower in LP, with no significant differences found between the two groups. A risk of PMD impairment (≤ 253 points) was observed in 7 LP compared to 4 TNB, with no significant difference. More maternal, foetal, and neonatal illnesses were observed in 195 LP than in the 390 TNB. In the univariate analysis, male gender and restricted uterine growth (RUG) were factors associated with a risk of PMD impairment and only RUG in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The risk of PMD impairment between LP and TNB at 5 years appears not to be shown, with no significant differences between both, and with the values obtained in the ASQ3 being slightly lower in the LP. Male gender and RUG negatively influence this risk.

Introduction: Late prematures (LP) belong to a subgroup of many premature babies with a risk of delayed psychomotor development (PMD). Many subtle changes pass unnoticed if adequate assessment tools are not used. The Ages & Stages Questionnaires 3® (ASQ3®) for parents appears simple and useful for the detection of risk of impairment of PMD, and is recommended by scientific societies that study LP. Objectives: To evaluate the risk of impaired PMD in LP at 5 years-old, and compare them with term newborns (TNB) using the ASQ3. Patients and methods: Data were collected on the LP born in a third level hospital in 2010, as well as 2 TNB of the same gender for each LP. The prenatal and postnatal morbidity variables were compared. At 5 years, their families (excluding those with other neurological risks) were asked to complete the ASQ3. The cut-off point was determined for the total score of the ASQ3 that would discriminate the risk of PMD impairment using ROC analysis. The cut-off point to determine a change in each domain was obtained according to the ASQ3 manual. Results: The ASQ3 was completed for 88 (47%) and 131 (35%) TNB. All the overall mean scores and those for domains were lower in LP, with no significant differences found between the two groups. A risk of PMD impairment (≤253 points) was observed in 7 LP compared to 4 TNB, with no significant difference. More maternal, foetal, and neonatal illnesses were observed in 195 LP than in the 390 TNB. In the univariate analysis, male gender and restricted uterine growth (RUG) were factors associated with a risk of PMD impairment and only RUG in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The risk of PMD impairment between LP and TNB at 5 years appears not to be shown, with no significant differences between both, and with the values obtained in the ASQ3 being slightly lower in the LP. Male gender and RUG negatively influence this risk. Resumen: Introducción: Los prematuros tardíos (PT) son un subgrupo de prematuros numeroso con riesgo de déficit en el desarrollo psicomotor (DPM). Muchas alteraciones sutiles pasan desapercibidas si no se emplean herramientas adecuadas de evaluación. El cuestionario para padres Ages & Stages Questionnaires 3® (ASQ3®) parece sencillo y útil para la detección de riesgo en el DPM y está recomendado por sociedades científicas que estudian a los PT. Objetivos: Evaluar el riesgo de déficit en el DPM a los 5 años de edad en PT y compararlos con recién nacidos a término (RNAT) con ASQ3. Pacientes y métodos: Se recogieron los PT nacidos en un hospital de tercer nivel en el año 2010 y 2 RNAT del mismo sexo por cada PT. Se compararon variables de morbilidad prenatal y neonatal. A los 5 años se solicitó a sus familias (excluyendo aquellos con otros riesgos neurológicos) completar ASQ3. Se determinó el punto de corte para la puntuación total de ASQ3 que discriminará el riesgo de déficit del DPM mediante un análisis ROC. El punto de corte para determinar alteración en cada dominio se obtuvo según el manual ASQ3. Resultados: ASQ3 fue completado por 88 PT (47%) y 131 RNAT (35%). Todas las puntuaciones medias globales y por dominios fueron menores en PT, sin encontrar diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Siete PT tuvieron riesgo de déficit del DPM (≤253 puntos) frente a 4 RNAT, sin diferencia significativa. Un total de 195 PT tuvieron mayor patología materna, fetal y neonatal que RNAT (n = 390). En el análisis univariante el sexo varón y el crecimiento intrauterino restringido (CIR) fueron factores asociados al riesgo de déficit del DPM y en el multivariante solo CIR. Conclusión: El riesgo de déficit en el DPM entre PT y RNAT a los 5 años parece no evidenciarse con diferencias significativas entre ambos, siendo los valores obtenidos en el ASQ3 ligeramente inferiores en los PT. Sexo varón y CIR parecen influir negativamente en este riesgo.

Introduction: Late prematures (LP) belong to a subgroup of many premature babies with a risk of delayed psychomotor development (PMD). Many subtle changes pass unnoticed if adequate assessment tools are not used. The Ages & Stages Questionnaires 3® (ASQ3®) for parents appears simple and useful for the detection of risk of impairment of PMD, and is recommended by scientific societies that study LP., Objectives: To evaluate the risk of impaired PMD in LP at 5years-old, and compare them with term newborns (TNB) using the ASQ3., Patients and Methods: Data were collected on the LP born in a third level hospital in 2010, as well as 2TNB of the same gender for each LP. The prenatal and postnatal morbidity variables were compared. At 5years, their families (excluding those with other neurological risks) were asked to complete the ASQ3. The cut-off point was determined for the total score of the ASQ3 that would discriminate the risk of PMD impairment using ROC analysis. The cut-off point to determine a change in each domain was obtained according to the ASQ3 manual., Results: The ASQ3 was completed for 88 (47%) and 131 (35%) TNB. All the overall mean scores and those for domains were lower in LP, with no significant differences found between the two groups. A risk of PMD impairment (≤253 points) was observed in 7LP compared to 4TNB, with no significant difference. More maternal, foetal, and neonatal illnesses were observed in 195LP than in the 390TNB. In the univariate analysis, male gender and restricted uterine growth (RUG) were factors associated with a risk of PMD impairment and only RUG in the multivariate analysis., Conclusion: The risk of PMD impairment between LP and TNB at 5years appears not to be shown, with no significant differences between both, and with the values obtained in the ASQ3 being slightly lower in the LP. Male gender and RUG negatively influence this risk., (Copyright © 2020 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)