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Objective: This article reviewed twelve years of circulation data related to loss and damage of video game equipment, specifically consoles, game controllers, and gaming peripherals such as steering wheels, virtual reality headsets, and joysticks in an academic library collection. Methods: The authors analyzed data gathered from game equipment bibliographic and item records. Only data related to the console system, game controllers, and peripherals such as steering wheels, virtual reality headsets, and joysticks were evaluated for rate of circulation, loss, and damage. Cables and bags were not evaluated because the replacement cost for these items is negligible when considering long-term budgeting and maintenance of a game collection. Results: The majority of video game equipment can be circulated without unsustainable loss or damage. The library has been able to continue circulating video game equipment without undue replacement costs or loss of access for its patrons. Conclusion: Although equipment will occasionally break or be lost, libraries should not let this unduly affect consideration when starting a video game collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is designed to help librarians, especially solo librarians, recognize how the professionals around them can assist with the development of their library collection and to provide practical instruction and tools to encourage their collaborative process. But I was an English major as an undergrad. What do I know about biblical theology resources? If this type of thought has crossed your mind, you are not alone! No one can know everything about every academic discipline. There are people who know, however, who can help us develop a more complete library collection. But guess what? They do not know everything either! It takes the collective effort of many to truly provide a well-rounded collection that supports your degree programs. Collaboration is key, especially for solo librarians with limited time and resources, but this applies to all librarians. The information in this article is the collaborative result of five of the Association of Christian Librarian's (ACL's) solo librarians and was presented to the Solo Librarian Interest Group at the 2021 ACL Conference. Some of the comments from other solos during the presentation discussion are also included. By using resources already at your disposal and by building a rapport with experts in their field, you can share the collection development responsibility and maintain a robust and relevant library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Council of Christian College and Universities (CCCU) has made diversity a major focus of the organization, but commitment to diversity among individual CCCU institutions and within their departments, such as academic libraries, varies. Diversity is a core value of the library profession and complements the CCCU's commitment to diversity, yet despite this convergence of interests, a review of the literature indicates that nothing has been written about diversity initiatives within academic libraries at CCCU institutions. This study was devised to begin to fill this gap in the literature and, thus, starts to investigate racial diversity within Christian higher education through the purview of the academic library's collection development policy. To that end, this study focuses on whether collection development policies in academic libraries at CCCU institutions include a diversity statement, and, for those that do, document analysis is used to identify the themes and connotations that emerge around the term diversity. The study frames its analysis of diversity through the lens of critical theory and antiracism, provides guidelines for writing an exemplary diversity statement, and reflects on the responsibility of academic libraries at Christian institutions to promote diversity through its collection development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2015, West Coast Baptist College purchased an 80,000 volume library collection from a closing Bible institution. During 2017-2020, both the original 40,000 volume collection and purchased 80,000 volume collection were merged, relocated to a larger facility, thoroughly weeded into a 60,000 volume collection, and converted from Dewey Decimal Classification into the Library of Congress Classification. This article summarizes several factors to consider on switching classifications and our experience from the conversion process [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a larger collections analysis study, this project outlines why a particular, underserved museum unit at the Smithsonian Institution is underutilizing the Smithsonian Libraries' facilities and resources, and how the library can better support this unit's unique research needs. Using a holistic methodology that weds quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study highlights the unit's distinct research profile that includes the various logistical, emotional, and collectionrelated barriers that impede their usage of the Libraries. Findings from this study signal the utility of a holistic, user-centric methodology to gather pertinent data and facilitate ongoing, interpersonal dialogues between the Smithsonian Libraries and its diverse internal users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1981, Indiana University's Lilly Library acquired 1,200 cartons of papers from the office of outgoing Indiana senator Birch Bayh. Kate Cruikshank, Political Papers Specialist at Indiana University Libraries, describes the long and complicated process whereby library staff organized the files into the Birch Bayh Senatorial Papers, now part of the Modern Political Papers collection at Indiana University, Bloomington. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities presented by mobile applications in the context of an academic library collection. This emerging format raises important questions about selection, acquisition, access, instruction, outreach, and evaluation as these practices have been applied to traditional resources. A more nuanced understanding of the content and format of mobile applications informs a collection development strategy for discovering, acquiring, and maintaining these resources. The development of an outreach program that includes liaison activity, instruction, and research consultations is also explored as a way to drive users to these new resources. Using Stony Brook University Libraries as a case study, this paper discusses the potential of mobile applications as academic library resources plus practical ways to promote usage and enhance academic engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries face many challenges in collecting and maintaining streaming videos, particularly as demand for this unique format continues to increase. At the Oviatt Library at California State University, Northridge, it was determined that streaming video activity needed to be examined and that there was a strong need to develop a workflow for incoming video requests. A Video Streaming Decision Tree Committee composed of librarians and staff from various units within the library including collection development, acquisitions, cataloging, and music and media. Its charge was to create a decision tree workflow for incoming streaming video requests. The committee designed and implemented a detailed decision tree that accounts for many of the complexities of streaming video. This paper discusses various factors involved with collection development for streaming video and provides a detailed description of the committee's workflow for the format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic resources play a vital and viable role to cater the needs of students and research scholars. The main function of a library is to provide efficient and effective services to the users. IIM libraries have made efforts to provide all possible facilities to its users but there are more fields of management and services in which more efforts are to be made. The questionnaire designed has given an overview of the state-of-the art. Internet has not been fully utilized due to maintenance problem which needs active attention. So far collection development is concerned IIM libraries are still not in a position to subscribe sufficient foreign journals and procure them in time. Books and reports are more consulted by the users as electronic resources are not either sufficient not face many obstacles in practical use due to many barriers in network, manpower and management. However, IIM libraries have been given more attention by the Govt. of India and necessary funds are being provided but self finance programmes should be encourage to seek cooperation of the corporate, industries, association and organizations to avoid financial problems. Library professional's needs refresher programmes to acquaint with modern technologies. Buildings should be renovated as per requirements of the electronic resources and facilities. The Objective of the present study was Compression between criteria for Selection of E-resources and criteria of evaluation of E- resources in IIMs libraries [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Emerging Technology Collection at Carleton University is a successful collaboration between three units on campus: the Library, the Discovery Centre for Undergraduate Research and Engagement, and Information Technology Services. The Emerging Technology Collection began as a pilot project in January 2015 to circulate Raspberry Pis and Arduinos at the request of faculty in the Engineering Department. Due to the success of the pilot project, the collection now provides access to over 70 pieces of technology equipment for loan to support experiential learning for students. Development and implementation of the Collection is discussed. The Emerging Technology Collection has provided a number of academic benefits, such as innovative student projects, outreach and faculty engagement, and community engagement. There have also been benefits for the Library including promotion of the Library collection, continuing education for Library staff, and significant usage of the Emerging Technology Collection. Some of the challenges faced during the development of this collection are analyzed, including the need to register certain products, maintenance and upkeep of the collection, damage and replacement costs, and promoting the use of emerging technology across disciplines. This successful project underscores the value of a shared space where different units on campus can work together to develop and deliver an innovative new service. Finally, this project demonstrates the value of innovation in academic libraries that are responsive to new developments and deliver useful services. Incorporating innovation into the organizational culture of academic libraries can be a challenge, but it is possible when Library leadership actively supports new ideas and services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective - To determine undergraduate students' opinions of, use of, and facility with e-books. Design - A qualitative study that incorporated annual interview and usability sessions over a period of four years. The protocol was informed by interview techniques used in prior studies at Wesleyan University. To supplement the body of qualitative data, the 2014 Measuring Information Service Outcomes (MISO) survey was distributed; the researchers built five campus-specific e-book questions into the survey. Setting - A small university in the Northeastern United States of America. Subjects - 28 undergraduate students (7 per year) who attended summer session between the years of 2011-2014 recruited for interview and usability sessions; 700 full-time undergraduate students recruited for the 2014 MISO survey. Methods - The method was designed by a library consortium in the Northeastern United States of America. The study itself was conducted by two librarians based at the single university. To recruit students for interview and usability sessions, librarians sent invitations via email to a random list of students enrolled in the university's summer sessions. Recruitment for the 2014 MISO survey was also conducted via email; the survey was sent to a stratified, random sample of undergraduate students in February 2014. Interview sessions were structured around five open-ended questions that examined students' familiarity with e-books and whether the format supports academic work. These sessions were followed by the students' evaluation of specific book titles available on MyiLibrary and ebrary, platforms accessible to all libraries in the CTW Consortium. Participants were asked to locate e-books on given topics, answer two research questions using preselected e-books, explain their research process using the above mentioned platforms, and comment on the overall usability experience. Instead of taking notes during interview and usability sessions, the researchers recorded interviews and captured screen activity. Following sessions, they watched recordings, took notes independently, and compared notes to ensure salient points were captured. Due to concerns that a small pool of interview and usability candidates might not capture the overall attitude of students towards e-books, the researchers distributed the 2014 MISO survey between the third and fourth interview years. Five additional campus-specific e-book questions were included. The final response rate was 33%. Main Results - The results of the interviews, usability studies, and MISO survey suggest that although students use print and electronic formats for complementary functions, 86% would still select print if they had to choose between the formats. Findings indicate that ebooks promote discovery and convenient access to information, but print supports established and successful study habits, such as adding sticky notes to pages or creating annotations in margins. With that being said, most students do not attempt to locate one specific format over another. Rather, their two central concerns are that content is relevant to search terms and the full-text is readily available. Study findings also suggest that students approach content through the lens of a particular assignment. Regardless of format, they want to get in, locate specific information, and move on to the next source. Also, students want all sources - regardless of format - readily at hand and arranged in personal organization systems. PDF files were the preferred electronic format because they best support this research behaviour; content can be arranged in filing systems on personal devices or printed when necessary. Because of these research habits, digital rights management (DRM) restrictions created extreme frustration and were said to impede work. In some cases, students created workarounds for the purpose of accessing information in a usable form. This included visiting file sharing sites like Pirate Bay in order to locate DRM free content. Findings demonstrated a significant increase in student e-book use over the course of four years. However, this trend did not correspond to increased levels of sophistication in e-book use or facility with build-in functions on ebook platforms. The researchers discovered that students create workarounds instead of seeking out menu options that save time in the long run. This behaviour was consistent across the study group regardless of individual levels of experience working with e-books. Students commented that additional features slow down work rather than creating efficiency. For instance, when keyboard shortcuts used to copy and paste text did not function, students preferred to type out a passage rather than spend time searching for copy functions available on the e-book platform. Conclusion - Academic e-books continue to evolve in a fluid and dynamic environment. While the researchers saw improvements over the course of four years (e.g., fewer DRM restrictions) access barriers remain, such as required authentication to access platform content. They also identified areas where training sessions lead by librarians could demonstrate how e-books support student research and learning activities. The researchers also found that user experiences are local in nature and specific to campus cultures and expectations. They concluded that knowledge of local user communities should drive book format selection. Whenever possible, libraries should provide access to multiple formats to support a variety of learning needs and research behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective - The purpose of this study was to analyze a syllabus collection at a large, public university to identify how the university's library was represented within the syllabi. Specifically, this study was conducted to see which library spaces, resources, and people were included in course syllabi and to identify possible opportunities for library engagement. Methods - A text analysis software called QDA Miner was used to search using keywords and analyze 1,226 syllabi across eight colleges at both the undergraduate and graduate levels from the Fall 2014 semester. Results - Of the 1,226 syllabi analyzed, 665 did not mention the library's services, spaces, or resources nor did they mention projects requiring research. Of the remaining 561, the text analysis revealed that the highest relevant keyword matches were related to Citation Management (286), Resource Intensive Projects (262), and Library Spaces (251). Relationships between categories were mapped using Sorensen's coefficient of similarity. Library Space and Library Resources (coefficient =.500) and Library Space and Library Services (coefficient-=.457) were most likely to appear in the same syllabi, with Citation Management and Resource Intensive Projects (coefficient=.445) the next most likely to co-occur. Conclusion - The text analysis proved to be effective at identifying how and where the library was mentioned in course syllabi. This study revealed instructional and research engagement opportunities for the library's liaisons, and it revealed the ways in which the library's space was presented to students. Additionally, the faculty's research expectations for students in their disciplines were better understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research analyzes the circulation of materials at the University of León Library to determine the evolution of the circulation data, identify the main users of the collection, to determine the periods of greater and lesser usage of the collection, and to identify the document types that are most often borrowed. To do so, circulation statistics from the library’s Innopac Millennium ILS from the 2011–12 to the 2013–14 academic year were studied. The results show that the use of print collections is decreasing due to the abundance of electronic content to which the university library subscribes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through 2015 and into 2016, Canadian academic libraries' collections budgets were severely strained due to the steady decline of the CAD/USD exchange rate. As most subscription fees for electronic resources (e-resources) are billed in US dollars, the falling value of the Canadian dollar significantly reduced libraries' purchasing power. This study is based on a survey of the English-speaking member institutions of the Canadian Research Knowledge Network (CRKN), a Canadian collections consortium, carried out to determine the impact of the poor exchange rate on collection development and how libraries are coping with new budgetary pressures. Librarians from 33 universities provided survey responses. Of these, 22 participated in telephone interviews to further discuss concerns and ideas regarding the current crisis. The study finds that all participant libraries have taken actions to address the budgetary shortfall, including cancelling serial and database subscriptions, negotiating lower costs with vendors, purchasing fewer monographs, and soliciting additional funding from their institutions. While the financial strain resulting from exchange rate fluctuations is indeed a significant problem for which solutions should be sought, several respondents stressed that it only exacerbates the ongoing inflation of e-resource subscriptions. This deeper and enduring issue, which is expected to outlast the present exchange rate crisis, is enabled by an inherently flawed scholarly publishing system. Thus, librarians engaged in discussions with their wider academic communities concerning collections budgets should not focus exclusively on the exchange rate but should leverage the opportunity to explore alternatives to the current scholarly communication model. If solutions exist, they will likely only be achieved through the support of faculty and university administrators, as well as cooperation among post-secondary institutions and library consortia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Eastern Academic Scholars' Trust (EAST) is a shared print initiative involving 48 libraries across the Northeast. Initiated in 2012 with a planning grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, EAST addresses directly the growing need for academic libraries to ensure that monographs and journals of scholarly value are not inadvertently discarded as they undertake weeding and deselection programs to free up space for other library services. EAST is currently completing a large-scale analysis of collections across 40 of the participating libraries. This analysis will provide insight into both uniqueness and overlap across the libraries' holdings and will result in agreements by the libraries to retain circulating monographs in their local collections for an agreed upon time period and to make those materials available to researchers and scholars from other EAST libraries. In parallel to this collection analysis, EAST is implementing validation sampling across the libraries to better understand volume availability and condition and the role they may plan in retention decisions. The project team has developed an innovative sampling methodology and tools to support the study. As the largest shared print initiative to date, this project will secure a substantial portion of the scholarly record that is held in the Northeast and positions EAST as an important component of the growing network of shared print initiatives nationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article details a case study using Reverse Image Lookup (RIL) tools to analyze the reuse value of the digitized University Photographs collection at Loyola University New Orleans. A sample of 63 images from the digitized collection was searched using three different RIL tools. The results were then analyzed to see which RIL tool was the most effective, whether RIL is an effective and time-efficient method for determining reuse, and whether reuse is an effective measure of success for this type of collection. Existing literature on using RIL tools on digital libraries focuses on popular, well-known collections. This study is the first known published example of using RIL tools on a smaller, lesser-known collection and can help enable other institutions to determine if reuse is an effective measurement of success for their digital collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To better determine how e-book acquisitions might affect future collection development decisions, a team of librarians from the University of Florida (UF) launched a project to assess cost and usage of e-books purchased using three different acquisitions methods: e-books acquired in large publisher packages; single-title e-books selected through firm orders; and e-books purchased through two patron-driven acquisitions (PDA) plans. The cost-usage data were then sorted into three broad areas of subject disciplines--humanities and social sciences (HSS); science-technology-engineering-mathematics (STEM); and medicine (MED)--and the results were reviewed and summarized. The authors compared the cost-usage data of e-books acquired by the acquisitions methods across the three subject areas and describe how the findings are affecting current and future acquisitions, traditional collection management, and budgeting at UF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Publishers attract readers to books and inform them about the books' contents by adding information to the books' covers. In many academic libraries, the dust jackets of cloth-bound books are discarded. This study was a physical inventory of 1,319 recently published books in an academic library, and comparison of circulation statistics between different cover types. By every measure, books with publisher-supplied information on the cover circulated at a higher rate than books with plain covers. The implications of our findings for collection management are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

General education has been a source of controversy within and outside the academy for several decades. In recent years, a number of Oregon universities, including Oregon Tech, have undergone or are undertaking general education review. This paper explores the role of the library in general education review. At Oregon Tech, librarians have been included in the general education review process and have leveraged this position to advocate for information literacy education on campus. In addition to sharing the successes and challenges faced by Oregon Tech librarians, this article investigates some of the opportunities that a general education review process provides for incorporating information literacy across disciplines through formal integration into the university curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a report from an October 8-9, 2014 conference in Potsdam, Germany hosted by the Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr military history department of the German military on the conservation and presentation of military history artifacts in libraries. Topics of presentations delivered included the finance of special military history libraries operated by the German armed forces or Bundeswehr, the collection of the Universitätsbibliothek der Bundeswehr university library in Munich, Germany, and the collection of military artifacts at the Bibliothek für Zeitgeschichte historical library in Stuttgart, Germany.

The OhioLINK consortium and OCLC Research collected and analyzed circulation data for libraries within the consortium. The study, which examines the circulation of 28,475,701 items from more than 100 academic libraries, is the largest and most diverse compilation of academic usage data for books ever collected. The authors outline the study methodology, analyze the data, and offer insights into the consortium wide collection usage. Circulation patterns analyzed include subject and language usage, as well as scattering, obsolescence, and duplication. The study results and conclusions offer valuable insights for library collection planning including library purchasing, storage considerations, and future usage prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many decisions to consider when acquiring e-books for the small academic library. This article lists some preparatory questions to be settled regarding format, vendor, and type of acquisition, and describes the main purchase models currently being used to acquire e-books. Cataloging issues are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, a great deal of literature on patron-driven acquisition (PDA) has been published that addresses the implementation and results of PDA programs at academic libraries. However, despite widespread worries that PDA will lead to unbalanced collections, little attention has been paid to whether patrons' and librarians' purchasing differ significantly. This study analyzes librarians' and PDA patrons' acquisitions at an academic library by relative collecting level and by subject (that is, Library of Congress class and subclass) to determine whether concern over patrons' collecting are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes an experimental project working with the Robert Menzies Collection at the University of Melbourne Library. This heritage collection comprises the books previously owned by Menzies, the former Prime Minister of Australia. Our paper describes the process of recording the contents of the collection and assessing the collection for significant signs of provenance. The article highlights a novel approach to making the contents of a personal library accessible to researchers by using non-traditional library technology. Instead of a straightforward catalogue or index, this project uses a relational database to map and connect the books in Menzies's personal library to his life and times. We consider the implications of this approach from library and archival perspectives and consider the challenges and opportunities presented by personal libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial discusses trends and recommendations for future innovations in academic library support for international studies. Introductory details are given describing the state of library services for international and area studies as of 2012, highlighting methodology questions in library-led collections research. Concluding suggestions are offered for progress, including increased attention to library consortia and inter-library loan services, digital resources, and global datasets.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the quality of the ILS library collection of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences (FHSS) in Osijek, Croatia and its congruence with the curriculum. The quality of the collection is measured using the check-list method. The required and optional reading lists of the Department of Information Sciences at the FHSS (academic year 2011/2012) are used as standard lists that the library holdings are compared to. The results found that the library does not have 30.8 per cent of the titles on the reading lists. The remaining 33.9 per cent of the titles are accessible in the library, 28.5 per cent are free electronic resources, and 6.8 per cent of titles are accessible for students through the Department's Moodle, Learning Management System. The study provides data about the titles available and not available in the FHSS library. However, it does not differentiate between the titles on the required and optional reading lists. This study provides the FHSS librarians with the list of titles that should be obtained in the near future. In Croatia, very few papers on collection assessment have been published so far, and this is the first study about the quality of a library collection at the University of Osijek. The paper attempts to fill that gap and contribute to a deeper understanding of the quality of library collections in the Croatian academic setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ljetopis Socijalnog Rada / Annual of Social Work is the property of Pravni Fakultet Sveucilista u Zagrebu, Studijski Centar Socijalnog Rada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scholarly publishing is the information marketplace in which academic libraries function, and major shifts in traditional publishing and pricing models are in process. Library consortia have long been viewed as a means of increasing purchasing power and reducing costs. In late 2010, the Five College Libraries (FCL) hired R2 Consulting, LLC to investigate and make recommendations regarding how the Libraries cooperate more closely on the acquisition, management, and delivery of electronic resources. This study examines and evaluates how other academic library consortia are licensing and acquiring electronic books, databases, journals and streaming media. The organizations, activities, processes, history and trends of e-resource acquisitions and collection development at the Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries (CARL), Orbis Cascade Alliance (OCA), Triangle Research Libraries Network (TRLN) and Washington Research Library Consortium (WRLC) are presented with data collected by the author. Additional context is provided through a literature review, and a discussion of current practices provides a sampling of the new directions academic library consortia are taking and the challenges they face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study that identified requirements of a 24-hour library service and funding sources for developing a model framework for implementation at university libraries in Nigeria. Topics covered include use of questionnaires for collecting data on facilities, sustainability and safety, from librarians, staff and security at the Univeristy of Ibadan Kenneth Dike Library (KDL). Findings indicated the need for stable power supply, restrooms and telecommunications equipment for KDL.

The present article has made an attempt to study the faculty perception on Library faculties in Autonomous Arts and Science Colleges in one of the biggest cities in Tamil Nadu, India. There colleges got accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council of India, hence thestandard of education and faculties in these colleges are generally behind to be the best. The study used a questionnaire and the results revealed that faculty have a low perception on the collection, services, ICT facilities, manpower and infrastructure facilities of libraries in these colleges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing availability and prominence of e-books has led to a perception in some quarters that the requirement for physical books is decreasing, as most, or all scholarly material is openly available in digital form. Some academic administrators and librarians have suggested that it may be possible or desirable to have a solely, or predominantly electronic academic library. This study tests that assumption by randomly selecting a sample of titles from a mid-size Australian academic library and searching for suitable electronic copies. The conclusion of the paper is that a maximum of 33% of titles held by the case study library are available as e-books, and on a practical basis about 26% of titles held by the case study library could be readily obtained as e-books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article undertakes a review of the literature related to shared print storage and national repositories from 1980-2013. There is a separate overview of the relevant Australian literature. The coverage includes both relevant journal literature and major reports. In the process the article traces the developments in the theory and practice of shared print storage as the rapid emergence of digital content and services became apparent. This includes the increasingly broad-scale that has emerged in the planning for future print storage. Note is also taken of the paucity of research based evidence, and the discrepancies between the literature representing the interests of professional bodies with supra-regional responsibilities and the (sometimes) lack of activity or engagement by managers of individual collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]