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471 results on '"A. Toenjes"'

1. Effects of a liquefied petroleum gas stove intervention on stillbirth, congenital anomalies and neonatal mortality: A multi-country household air pollution intervention network trial

Author

Younger, Ashley, Ye, Wenlu, Alkon, Abbey, Harknett, Kristen, Kirby, Miles A, Elon, Lisa, Lovvorn, Amy E, Wang, Jiantong, Diaz-Artiga, Anaité, McCracken, John P, Gonzalez, Adly Castañaza, Alarcon, Libny Monroy, Mukeshimana, Alexie, Rosa, Ghislaine, Chiang, Marilu, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Garg, Sarada S, Pillarisetti, Ajay, Piedrahita, Ricardo, Johnson, Michael A, Craik, Rachel, Papageorghiou, Aris T, Toenjes, Ashley, Williams, Kendra N, Underhill, Lindsay J, Hartinger, Stella M, Nicolaou, Laura, Chang, Howard H, Naeher, Luke P, Rosenthal, Joshua, Checkley, William, Peel, Jennifer L, Clasen, Thomas F, Thompson, Lisa M, and Investigators, Household Air Pollution Intervention Network

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Pediatric, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Prevention, Health Effects of Household Energy Combustion, Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Infant Mortality, Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution, Clinical Research, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) Investigators, Birth outcomes, Congenital anomaly, Cooking fuel, Low- and middle-income countries, Neonatal mortality, Stillbirth, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Household air pollution (HAP) from cooking with solid fuels used during pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) trial was a randomized controlled trial that assessed the impact of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and fuel intervention on health in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. Here we investigated the effects of the LPG stove and fuel intervention on stillbirth, congenital anomalies and neonatal mortality and characterized exposure-response relationships between personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) and these outcomes. Pregnant women (18 to

Published
2024

3. Exponentially long transient time to synchronization of coupled chaotic circle maps in dense random networks

Author

Mendonca, Hans Muller, Tönjes, Ralf, and Pereira, Tiago

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We study the transition to synchronization in large, dense networks of chaotic circle maps, where an exact solution of the mean-field dynamics in the infinite network and all-to-all coupling limit is known. In dense networks of finite size and link probability of smaller than one, the incoherent state is meta-stable for coupling strengths that are larger than the mean-field critical coupling. We observe chaotic transients with exponentially distributed escape times and study the scaling behavior of the mean time to synchronization.

Published
2023
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4. Evaluating TCFD Reporting: A New Application of Zero-Shot Analysis to Climate-Related Financial Disclosures

Author

Auzepy, Alix, Tönjes, Elena, Lenz, David, and Funk, Christoph

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

We examine climate-related disclosures in a large sample of reports published by banks that officially endorsed the recommendations of the Task Force for Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). In doing so, we introduce a new application of the zero-shot text classification. By developing a set of fine-grained TCFD labels, we show that zero-shot analysis is a useful tool for classifying climate-related disclosures without further model training. Overall, our findings indicate that corporate climate-related disclosures grew dynamically after the launch of the TCFD recommendations. However, there are marked differences in the extent of reporting by recommended disclosure topic, suggesting that some recommendations have not yet been fully met. Our findings yield important conclusions for the design of climate-related disclosure frameworks.

Published
2023

5. Effects of a LPG stove and fuel intervention on adverse maternal outcomes: A multi-country randomized controlled trial conducted by the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN)

Author

Younger, Ashley, Alkon, Abbey, Harknett, Kristen, Kirby, Miles A, Elon, Lisa, Lovvorn, Amy E, Wang, Jiantong, Ye, Wenlu, Diaz-Artiga, Anaité, McCracken, John P, Gonzalez, Adly Castañaza, Alarcon, Libny Monroy, Mukeshimana, Alexie, Rosa, Ghislaine, Chiang, Marilu, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Garg, Sarada S, Pillarisetti, Ajay, Piedrahita, Ricardo, Johnson, Michael, Craik, Rachel, Papageorghiou, Aris T, Toenjes, Ashley, Quinn, Ashlinn, Williams, Kendra N, Underhill, Lindsay, Chang, Howard H, Naeher, Luke P, Rosenthal, Joshua, Checkley, William, Peel, Jennifer L, Clasen, Thomas F, Thompson, Lisa M, and investigators, HAPIN

Subjects
Infant Mortality, Health Effects of Household Energy Combustion, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Contraception/Reproduction, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Prevention, Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution, Behavioral and Social Science, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, HAPIN investigators, Birth outcomes, Cooking fuel, Household air pollution, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Low- and middle-income countries, Postpartum hemorrhage and maternal mortality, Spontaneous abortion, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Household air pollution from solid cooking fuel use during gestation has been associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. The Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) trial was a randomized controlled trial of free liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves and fuel in Guatemala, Peru, India, and Rwanda. A primary outcome of the main trial was to report the effects of the intervention on infant birth weight. Here we evaluate the effects of a LPG stove and fuel intervention during pregnancy on spontaneous abortion, postpartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and maternal mortality compared to women who continued to use solid cooking fuels. Pregnant women (18-34 years of age; gestation confirmed by ultrasound at 9-19 weeks) were randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 1593) or control (n = 1607) arm. Intention-to-treat analyses compared outcomes between the two arms using log-binomial models. Among the 3195 pregnant women in the study, there were 10 spontaneous abortions (7 intervention, 3 control), 93 hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (47 intervention, 46 control), 11 post postpartum hemorrhage (5 intervention, 6 control) and 4 maternal deaths (3 intervention, 1 control). Compared to the control arm, the relative risk of spontaneous abortion among women randomized to the intervention was 2.32 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60, 8.96), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 1.02 (95% CI: 0.68, 1.52), postpartum hemorrhage 0.83 (95% CI: 0.25, 2.71) and 2.98 (95% CI: 0.31, 28.66) for maternal mortality. In this study, we found that adverse maternal outcomes did not differ based on randomized stove type across four country research sites.

Published
2023

7. Noise induced swarming of active particles

Author

Zheng, Chunming and Tönjes, Ralf

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We report on the effect of spatially correlated noise on the velocities of self propelled particles. Correlations in the random forces acting on self propelled particles can induce directed collective motion, i.e. swarming. Even with repulsive coupling in the velocity directions, which favors a disordered state, strong correlations in the fluctuations can align the velocities locally leading to a macroscopic, turbulent velocity field. On the other hand, while spatially correlated noise is aligning the velocities locally, the swarming transition to globally directed motion is inhibited when the correlation length of the noise is nonzero, but smaller than the system size. We analyze the swarming transition in $d$ dimensional space in a mean field model of globally coupled velocity vectors., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures (9 panels), to appear in APS Physical Review E

Published
2022
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8. Does Texas' Compensatory Education Funding Get to the Intended Students?

Author

Toenjes, Laurence A.

Abstract

Two questions about Texas school expenditure patterns are examined. First, "How progressive are spending patterns among high and low poverty schools?" Second, "How unequal are expenditures per pupil between schools with at least 70% of their students classified as economically disadvantaged, in different districts?" The data, for school year 2017-2018, are restricted to 3,453 elementary and middle schools in 90 large Texas districts. The schools in each district were divided into high and low poverty groups. The differences in the average per pupil spending for operations between the two groups ranged from plus $1,382 in one district to a negative $802 in another. The average expenditures in schools with at least 70% economically disadvantaged students were 75% greater in one district than in another. It is demonstrated that districts with less extreme average levels of low-income students have more opportunity to act as good Samaritans, generally exhibiting substantially greater spending in their high poverty schools. This finding supports arguments for student funding weights that increase with increasing proportions of economically disadvantaged students. An incidental finding is that a commonly used measure of funding progressivity is a direct function of district and school level variances in poverty averages, and is therefore biased by them.

Published
2021

10. Do Charter Schools Receive Their Fair Share of Funding? School Finance Equity for Charter and Traditional Public Schools

Author

Knight, David S. and Toenjes, Laurence A.

Abstract

U.S. charter schools are publicly funded through state school finance formulas that often mirror the traditional public school finance systems. While charter school advocates and critics disagree over whether charters receive an equitable share of funding, few discussions are based on rigorous analyses of funding and expenditures. Most prior analyses, especially those presented in policy briefs or white papers, examine average funding differences without exploring underlying cost factors between the two sectors. Our purpose is to demonstrate how careful analysis of charter school funding with appropriate methodological approaches can shed light on disagreements about charter school finance policy. Using detailed school finance data from Texas as a case study, we find that after accounting for differences in accounting structures and cost factors, charter schools receive significantly more state and local funding compared to traditional public schools with similar structural characteristics and student demographics. However, many small charter schools are actually underfunded relative to their traditional public school counterparts. Policy simulations demonstrate that on average, each student who transfers to a charter school increases the cost to the state by $1,500. We discuss the implications of these findings for both school finance policy in Texas and nationally.

Published
2020

11. Cooking with liquefied petroleum gas or biomass and fetal growth outcomes: a multi-country randomised controlled trial

Author

Bankundiye, Gloriose, Boyd Barr, Dana, Burrowes, Vanessa, Bussalleu, Alejandra, Campbell, Devan, Canuz, Eduardo, Castañaza, Adly, Clark, Maggie, Crocker, Mary, De León, Oscar, Dusabimana, Ephrem, Elon, Lisa, Espinoza, Juan G, Pineda Fuentes, Irma, Ghosh, Ahana, Goodman, Dina, Gupton, Savannah, Hamid, Sarah, Harvey, Steven, Hengstermann, Mayari, Hennessee, Ian, Herrera, Phabiola, Howard, Marjorie, Howards, Penelope P., Jaacks, Lindsay, Kearns, Katherine, Kremer, Jacob, Laws, Margaret A., Lenzen, Pattie, Liao, Jiawen, Lovvorn, Amy, Mbabazi, Jane, McPeek, Julia N., Meyers, Rachel, Miranda, J. Jaime, Mollinedo, Erick, Monroy, Libny, Mukhopadhyay, Krishnendu, Mutariyani, Bernard, Naeher, Luke P., Nambajimana, Abidan, Natesan, Durairaj, Nizam, Azhar, Ntivuguruzwa, Jean de Dieu, Piedrahita, Ricardo, Puttaswamy, Naveen, Puzzolo, Elisa, Quinn, Ashlinn, Rajamani, Karthikeyan D., Rajkumar, Sarah, Ramasami, Rengaraj, Ramirez, Alexander, Ryan, P. Barry, Saidam, Sudhakar, Sakas, Zoe, Sambandam, Sankar, Sarnat, Jeremy, Smith, Kirk, Swearing, Damien, Toenjes, Ashley, Underhill, Lindsay, Uwizeyimana, Jean D, Valdes, Viviane, Verma, Amit, Warnock, Megan, Ye, Wenlu, Young, Bonnie, Younger, Ashley, Monroy-Alarcón, Libny Y., Castañaza Gonzalez de Durante, Adly, López-Ortega, Claudia, Gonzalez, Maria F., Sowrirajan, Lakshminarayanan, Paramanandam, Shanthi P., Shanmugavadivu, K, Sudharsanan, V, Seshadri, Suresh, Yupanqui-Fredes, Adhemir E., Hancco-Gomez, Mario, Apaza, Ronald, Persivale-Calle, Juan F., Quispe, Elizabeth, Leon-Ponce, Carlos, Villar-Gonzales, Victor, Andrade-Salas, Rebeca, Herrera, Jhon E., Ramos-Mamani, Luzdelia, Lopez, Yessica, Quiza, Giovanna, Hinojosa, Yadel, Gomez-Quispe, Madeluz, Frisancho-Parada, Gery, Mendoza-Apaza, Danielle I., Quispe-Flores, Luz R., Xavier, Niyitegeka F, Utfimana, Grace, Tuzayisenga, Elie, Nkurunziza, Valens, Checkley, William, Thompson, Lisa M, Hossen, Shakir, Nicolaou, Laura, Williams, Kendra N, Hartinger, Stella M, Chiang, Marilu, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Garg, Sarada S, Thangavel, Gurusamy, Aravindalochanan, Vigneswari, Rosa, Ghislaine, Mukeshimana, Alexie, Ndagijimana, Florien, McCracken, John P, Diaz-Artiga, Anaité, Sinharoy, Sheela S, Waller, Lance, Wang, Jiantong, Jabbarzadeh, Shirin, Chen, Yunyun, Steenland, Kyle, Kirby, Miles A, Ramakrishnan, Usha, Johnson, Michael, Pillarisetti, Ajay, McCollum, Eric D, Craik, Rachel, Ohuma, Eric O, Dávila-Román, Victor G, de las Fuentes, Lisa, Simkovich, Suzanne M, Peel, Jennifer L, Clasen, Thomas F, and Papageorghiou, Aris T

Published
2024
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12. Coherence resonance in influencer networks

Author

Tönjes, Ralf, Fiore, Carlos E., and Pereira, Tiago

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

Complex networks are abundant in nature and many share an important structural property: they contain a few nodes that are abnormally highly connected (hubs). Some of these hubs are called influencers because they couple strongly to the network and play fundamental dynamical and structural roles. Strikingly, despite the abundance of networks with influencers, little is known about their response to stochastic forcing. Here, for oscillatory dynamics on influencer networks, we show that subjecting influencers to an optimal intensity of noise can result in enhanced network synchronization. This new network dynamical effect, which we call coherence resonance in influencer networks, emerges from a synergy between network structure and stochasticity and is highly nonlinear, vanishing when the noise is too weak or too strong. Our results reveal that the influencer backbone can sharply increase the dynamical response in complex systems of coupled oscillators., Comment: the arxiv submission includes supplementary notes. Fig.1 pdf repaired in current version

Published
2021
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13. Low-dimensional description for ensembles of identical phase oscillators subject to Cauchy noise

Author

Tönjes, Ralf and Pikovsky, Arkady

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We study an ensembles of globally coupled or forced identical phase oscillators subject to independent white Cauchy noise. We demonstrate, that if the oscillators are forced in several harmonics, stationary synchronous regimes can be exactly described with a finite number of complex order parameters. The corresponding distribution of phases is a product of wrapped Cauchy distributions. For sinusoidal forcing, the Ott-Antonsen low-dimensional reduction is recovered., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures

Published
2020
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14. Transition to Synchrony in a Three-Dimensional Swarming Model with Helical Trajectories

Author

Zheng, Chunming, Toenjes, Ralf, and Pikovsky, Arkady

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract

We investigate the transition from incoherence to global collective motion in a three-dimensional swarming model of agents with helical trajectories, subject to noise and global coupling. Without noise this model was recently proposed as a generalization of the Kuramoto model and it was found that alignment of the velocities occurs discontinuously for arbitrarily small attractive coupling. Adding noise to the system resolves this singular limit and leads to a continuous transition, either to a directed collective motion or to center-of-mass rotations., Comment: 3 figures

Published
2020
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15. Coupled Moebius Maps as a Tool to Model Kuramoto Phase Synchronization

Author

Gong, Chen Chris, Toenjes, Ralf, and Pikovsky, Arkady

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

We propose Moebius maps as a tool to model synchronization phenomena in coupled phase oscillators. Not only does the map provide fast computation of phase synchronization, it also reflects the underlying group structure of the sinusoidally coupled continuous phase dynamics. We study map versions of various known continuous-time collective dynamics, such as the synchronization transition in the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model of non-identical oscillators, chimeras in two coupled populations of identical phase oscillators, and Kuramoto-Battogtokh chimeras on a ring, and demonstrate similarities and differences between the iterated map models and their known continuous-time counterparts., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures

Published
2020
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16. Are Increasing Test Scores in Texas Really a Myth?

Author

A. Toenjes and A. Gary Dworkin

Subjects
Education
Abstract

Pass rates by Texas tenth-graders on the high school exit exam improved from 52 percent in 1994 to 72 percent in 1998. In his article "The Myth of the Texas Miracle in Education" (EPAA, August 2000) Professor Walt Haney argued that some part of this increased pass rate was, as he put it, an illusion. Haney contended that the combined effects of students dropping out of school prior to taking the 10th grade TAAS and special education exemptions accounted for much of the increase in TAAS pass rates. Relying on the same methodology and data that Haney used, we demonstrate that his conclusion is incorrect. None of the 20 percent improvement in the TAAS exit test pass rate between 1994 and 1998 is explained by combined increases in dropout rates or special education exemptions.

Published
2002

17. Fasting indices of glucose-insulin-metabolism across life span and prediction of glycemic deterioration in children with obesity from new diagnostic cut-offs

Author

Hammel, Maximiliane Chiara, Stein, Robert, Kratzsch, Jürgen, Vogel, Mandy, Eckert, Alexander J., Triatin, Rima Destya, Colombo, Marco, Meigen, Christof, Baber, Ronny, Stanik, Juraj, Spielau, Ulrike, Stoltze, Anette, Wirkner, Kerstin, Tönjes, Anke, Snieder, Harold, Holl, Reinhard W., Stumvoll, Michael, Blüher, Matthias, Kiess, Wieland, and Körner, Antje

Published
2023
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19. Repulsively Coupled Kuramoto-Sakaguchi Phase Oscillators Ensemble Subject to Common Noise

Author

Gong, Chen Chris, Zheng, Chunming, Toenjes, Ralf, and Pikovsky, Arkady

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems, Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems
Abstract

We consider the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model of identical coupled phase oscillators with a common noisy forcing. While common noise always tends to synchronize the oscillators, a strong repulsive coupling prevents the fully synchronous state and leads to a nontrivial distribution of oscillator phases. In previous numerical simulations, a formation of stable multicluster states has been observed in this regime. However we argue here, that because identical phase oscillators in the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model form a partially integrable system according to the Watanabe-Strogatz theory, the formation of clusters is impossible. Integrating with various time steps reveals that clustering is a numerical artifact, explained by the existence of higher order Fourier terms in the errors of the employed numerical integration schemes. Monitoring the induced change in certain integrals of motion we quantify these errors. We support these observations by showing, on the basis of the analysis of the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation, that two-cluster states are non-attractive. On the other hand, in ensembles of general limit cycle oscillators, such as Van der Pol oscillators, due to an anharmonic phase response function, as well as additional amplitude dynamics, multiclusters can occur naturally., Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures

Published
2018
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20. A multi-layer functional genomic analysis to understand noncoding genetic variation in lipids

Author

Ramdas, Shweta, Judd, Jonathan, Graham, Sarah E., Kanoni, Stavroula, Wang, Yuxuan, Surakka, Ida, Wenz, Brandon, Clarke, Shoa L., Chesi, Alessandra, Wells, Andrew, Bhatti, Konain Fatima, Vedantam, Sailaja, Winkler, Thomas W., Locke, Adam E., Marouli, Eirini, Zajac, Greg J.M., Wu, Kuan-Han H., Ntalla, Ioanna, Hui, Qin, Klarin, Derek, Hilliard, Austin T., Wang, Zeyuan, Xue, Chao, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Helgadottir, Anna, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F., Holm, Hilma, Olafsson, Isleifur, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Han, Sohee, Akiyama, Masato, Sakaue, Saori, Terao, Chikashi, Kanai, Masahiro, Zhou, Wei, Brumpton, Ben M., Rasheed, Humaira, Havulinna, Aki S., Veturi, Yogasudha, Pacheco, Jennifer Allen, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A., Lingren, Todd, Feng, QiPing, Kullo, Iftikhar J., Narita, Akira, Takayama, Jun, Martin, Hilary C., Hunt, Karen A., Trivedi, Bhavi, Haessler, Jeffrey, Giulianini, Franco, Bradford, Yuki, Miller, Jason E., Campbell, Archie, Lin, Kuang, Millwood, Iona Y., Rasheed, Asif, Hindy, George, Faul, Jessica D., Zhao, Wei, Weir, David R., Turman, Constance, Huang, Hongyan, Graff, Mariaelisa, Choudhury, Ananyo, Sengupta, Dhriti, Mahajan, Anubha, Brown, Michael R., Zhang, Weihua, Yu, Ketian, Schmidt, Ellen M., Pandit, Anita, Gustafsson, Stefan, Yin, Xianyong, Luan, Jian’an, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Jang, Hye-Mi, Yoon, Kyungheon, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Pitsillides, Achilleas, Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Wood, Andrew R., Ji, Yingji, Gao, Zishan, Haworth, Simon, Mitchell, Ruth E., Chai, Jin Fang, Aadahl, Mette, Bjerregaard, Anne A., Yao, Jie, Manichaikul, Ani, Lee, Wen-Jane, Hsiung, Chao Agnes, Warren, Helen R., Ramirez, Julia, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Kårhus, Line L., Goel, Anuj, Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Noordam, Raymond, Mauro, Pala, Matteo, Floris, McDaid, Aaron F., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Wielscher, Matthias, Trompet, Stella, Sattar, Naveed, Møllehave, Line T., Munz, Matthias, Zeng, Lingyao, Huang, Jianfeng, Yang, Bin, Poveda, Alaitz, Kurbasic, Azra, Schönherr, Sebastian, Forer, Lukas, Scholz, Markus, Galesloot, Tessel E., Bradfield, Jonathan P., Ruotsalainen, Sanni E., Daw, E. Warwick, Zmuda, Joseph M., Mitchell, Jonathan S., Fuchsberger, Christian, Christensen, Henry, Brody, Jennifer A., Le, Phuong, Feitosa, Mary F., Wojczynski, Mary K., Hemerich, Daiane, Preuss, Michael, Mangino, Massimo, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Verweij, Niek, Benjamins, Jan W., Engmann, Jorgen, Noah, Tsao L., Verma, Anurag, Slieker, Roderick C., Lo, Ken Sin, Zilhao, Nuno R., Kleber, Marcus E., Delgado, Graciela E., Huo, Shaofeng, Ikeda, Daisuke D., Iha, Hiroyuki, Yang, Jian, Liu, Jun, Demirkan, Ayşe, Leonard, Hampton L., Marten, Jonathan, Emmel, Carina, Schmidt, Börge, Smyth, Laura J., Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Wang, Chaolong, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Wong, Andrew, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Sim, Xueling, Xia, Rui, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Fernandez-Lopez, Juan Carlos, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Nongmaithem, Suraj S., Sankareswaran, Alagu, Irvin, Marguerite R., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Kim, Han-Na, Ryu, Seungho, Timmers, Paul R.H.J., Arbeeva, Liubov, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Lange, Leslie A., Prasad, Gauri, Lorés-Motta, Laura, Pauper, Marc, Long, Jirong, Li, Xiaohui, Theusch, Elizabeth, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Spracklen, Cassandra N., Loukola, Anu, Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Warner, Sophie C., Wang, Ya Xing, Wei, Wen B., Nutile, Teresa, Ruggiero, Daniela, Sung, Yun Ju, Chen, Shufeng, Liu, Fangchao, Yang, Jingyun, Kentistou, Katherine A., Banas, Bernhard, Morgan, Anna, Meidtner, Karina, Bielak, Lawrence F., Smith, Jennifer A., Hebbar, Prashantha, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Hofer, Edith, Lin, Maoxuan, Concas, Maria Pina, Vaccargiu, Simona, van der Most, Peter J., Pitkänen, Niina, Cade, Brian E., van der Laan, Sander W., Chitrala, Kumaraswamy Naidu, Weiss, Stefan, Bentley, Amy R., Doumatey, Ayo P., Adeyemo, Adebowale A., Lee, Jong Young, Petersen, Eva R.B., Nielsen, Aneta A., Choi, Hyeok Sun, Nethander, Maria, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Southam, Lorraine, Rayner, Nigel W., Wang, Carol A., Lin, Shih-Yi, Wang, Jun-Sing, Couture, Christian, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Nikus, Kjell, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hidalgo, Bertha, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Cai, Qiuyin, Obura, Morgan O., van Setten, Jessica, He, Karen Y., Tang, Hua, Terzikhan, Natalie, Shin, Jae Hun, Jackson, Rebecca D., Reiner, Alexander P., Martin, Lisa Warsinger, Chen, Zhengming, Li, Liming, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Thiery, Joachim, Bis, Joshua C., Launer, Lenore J., Li, Huaixing, Nalls, Mike A., Raitakari, Olli T., Ichihara, Sahoko, Wild, Sarah H., Nelson, Christopher P., Campbell, Harry, Jäger, Susanne, Nabika, Toru, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Niinikoski, Harri, Braund, Peter S., Kolcic, Ivana, Kovacs, Peter, Giardoglou, Tota, Katsuya, Tomohiro, de Kleijn, Dominique, de Borst, Gert J., Kim, Eung Kweon, Adams, Hieab H.H., Ikram, M. Arfan, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Kraaijeveld, Adriaan O., Beulens, Joline W.J., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Rallidis, Loukianos S., Pedersen, Oluf, Hansen, Torben, Mitchell, Paul, Hewitt, Alex W., Kähönen, Mika, Pérusse, Louis, Bouchard, Claude, Tönjes, Anke, Ida Chen, Yii-Der, Pennell, Craig E., Mori, Trevor A., Lieb, Wolfgang, Franke, Andre, Ohlsson, Claes, Mellström, Dan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lee, Hyejin, Yuan, Jian-Min, Koh, Woon-Puay, Rhee, Sang Youl, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Heid, Iris M., Stark, Klaus J., Zimmermann, Martina E., Völzke, Henry, Homuth, Georg, Evans, Michele K., Zonderman, Alan B., Polasek, Ozren, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Hoefer, Imo E., Redline, Susan, Pahkala, Katja, Oldehinkel, Albertine J., Snieder, Harold, Biino, Ginevra, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Bandinelli, Stefania, Dedoussis, George, Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse, Peyser, Patricia A., Kato, Norihiro, Schulze, Matthias B., Girotto, Giorgia, Böger, Carsten A., Jung, Bettina, Joshi, Peter K., Bennett, David A., De Jager, Philip L., Lu, Xiangfeng, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Brown, Morris, Caulfield, Mark J., Munroe, Patricia B., Guo, Xiuqing, Ciullo, Marina, Jonas, Jost B., Samani, Nilesh J., Kaprio, Jaakko, Pajukanta, Päivi, Tusié-Luna, Teresa, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Adair, Linda S., Bechayda, Sonny Augustin, de Silva, H. Janaka, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R., Krauss, Ronald M., Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Zheng, Wei, den Hollander, Anneke I., Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Correa, Adolfo, Wilson, James G., Lind, Lars, Heng, Chew-Kiat, Nelson, Amanda E., Golightly, Yvonne M., Wilson, James F., Penninx, Brenda, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Attia, John, Scott, Rodney J., Rao, D.C., Arnett, Donna K., Walker, Mark, Scott, Laura J., Koistinen, Heikki A., Chandak, Giriraj R., Mercader, Josep M., Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez, Orozco, Lorena, Fornage, Myriam, Tai, E. Shyong, van Dam, Rob M., Lehtimäki, Terho, Chaturvedi, Nish, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Liu, Jianjun, Reilly, Dermot F., McKnight, Amy Jayne, Kee, Frank, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, McCarthy, Mark I., Palmer, Colin N.A., Vitart, Veronique, Hayward, Caroline, Simonsick, Eleanor, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Jin, Zi-Bing, Lu, Fan, Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Lin, Xu, März, Winfried, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Lettre, Guillaume, t Hart, Leen M., Elders, Petra J.M., Rader, Daniel J., Damrauer, Scott M., Kumari, Meena, Kivimaki, Mika, van der Harst, Pim, Spector, Tim D., Loos, Ruth J.F., Province, Michael A., Parra, Esteban J., Cruz, Miguel, Psaty, Bruce M., Brandslund, Ivan, Pramstaller, Peter P., Rotimi, Charles N., Christensen, Kaare, Ripatti, Samuli, Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Grant, Struan F.A., Kiemeney, Lambertus, de Graaf, Jacqueline, Loeffler, Markus, Kronenberg, Florian, Gu, Dongfeng, Erdmann, Jeanette, Schunkert, Heribert, Franks, Paul W., Linneberg, Allan, Jukema, J. Wouter, Khera, Amit V., Männikkö, Minna, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kutalik, Zoltan, Francesco, Cucca, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Willems van Dijk, Ko, Watkins, Hugh, Strachan, David P., Grarup, Niels, Sever, Peter, Poulter, Neil, Huey-Herng Sheu, Wayne, Rotter, Jerome I., Dantoft, Thomas M., Karpe, Fredrik, Neville, Matt J., Timpson, Nicholas J., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Wong, Tien-Yin, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Li, Hengtong, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Peters, Annette, Gieger, Christian, Hattersley, Andrew T., Pedersen, Nancy L., Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Boomsma, Dorret I., de Geus, Eco J.C., Cupples, L. Adrienne, van Meurs, Joyce B.J., Ikram, Arfan, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Huang, Wei, Kim, Young Jin, Tabara, Yasuharu, Wareham, Nicholas J., Langenberg, Claudia, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Ingelsson, Erik, Abecasis, Goncalo, Chambers, John C., Kooner, Jaspal S., de Vries, Paul S., Morrison, Alanna C., Hazelhurst, Scott, Ramsay, Michèle, North, Kari E., Daviglus, Martha, Kraft, Peter, Martin, Nicholas G., Whitfield, John B., Abbas, Shahid, Saleheen, Danish, Walters, Robin G., Holmes, Michael V., Black, Corri, Smith, Blair H., Baras, Aris, Justice, Anne E., Buring, Julie E., Ridker, Paul M., Chasman, Daniel I., Kooperberg, Charles, Tamiya, Gen, Yamamoto, Masayuki, van Heel, David A., Trembath, Richard C., Wei, Wei-Qi, Jarvik, Gail P., Namjou, Bahram, Hayes, M. Geoffrey, Ritchie, Marylyn D., Jousilahti, Pekka, Salomaa, Veikko, Hveem, Kristian, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Kubo, Michiaki, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Okada, Yukinori, Murakami, Yoshinori, Kim, Bong-Jo, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Stefansson, Kari, Zhang, Jifeng, Chen, Y. Eugene, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Lynch, Julie A., Tsao, Philip S., Chang, Kyong-Mi, Cho, Kelly, O'Donnell, Christopher J., Gaziano, John M., Wilson, Peter, Mohlke, Karen L., Frayling, Timothy M., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Kathiresan, Sekar, Boehnke, Michael, Struan Grant, Natarajan, Pradeep, Sun, Yan V., Morris, Andrew P., Deloukas, Panos, Peloso, Gina, Assimes, Themistocles L., Willer, Cristen J., Zhu, Xiang, and Brown, Christopher D.

Published
2022
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22. Phase and frequency linear response theory for hyperbolic chaotic oscillators

Author

Tönjes, Ralf and Kori, Hiroshi

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

We formulate a linear phase and frequency response theory for hyperbolic flows, which generalizes phase response theory for autonomous limit cycle oscillators to hyperbolic chaotic dynamics. The theory is based on a shadowing conjecture, stating the existence of a perturbed trajectory shadowing every unperturbed trajectory on the system attractor for any small enough perturbation of arbitrary duration and a corresponding unique time isomorphism, which we identify as phase, such that phase shifts between the unperturbed trajectory and its perturbed shadow are well defined. The phase sensitivity function is the solution of an adjoint linear equation and can be used to estimate the average change of phase velocity to small time dependent or independent perturbations. These changes of frequency are experimentally accessible giving a convenient way to define and measure phase response curves for chaotic oscillators. The shadowing trajectory and the phase can be constructed explicitly in the tangent space of an unperturbed trajectory using co-variant Lyapunov vectors. It can also be used to identify the limits of the regime of linear response., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures

Published
2017
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23. LPG stove and fuel intervention among pregnant women reduce fine particle air pollution exposures in three countries: Pilot results from the HAPIN trial

Author

Aravindalochanan, Vigneswari, Bankundiye, Gloriose, Barr, Dana Boyd, Bussalleu, Alejandra, Canuz, Eduardo, Castañaza, Adly, Chen, Yunyun, Chiang, Marilú, Craik, Rachel, Davila-Roman, Victor G., de las Fuentes, Lisa, Elon, Lisa, Espinoza, Juan Gabriel, Garg, Sarada, Hamid, Sarah, Hartinger, Stella, Harvey, Steven A., Hengstermann, Mayari, Hennessee, Ian, Herrera, Phabiola M., Hossen, Shakir, Howards, Penelope P., Jaacks, Lindsay, Jabbarzadeh, Shirin, Lenzen, Pattie, Lovvorn, Amy E., Mbabazi, Jane, McCollum, Eric, Meyers, Rachel, Moulton, Lawrence, Mukeshimana, Alexie, Mutariyani, Bernard, Natesan, Durairaj, Nizam, Azhar, Ntivuguruzwa, Jean de Dieu, Papageorghiou, Aris, Puttaswamy, Naveen, Puzzolo, Elisa, Quinn, Ashlinn, Rajamani, Karthikeyan Dharmapuri, Ramakrishnan, Usha, Ramasami, Rengaraj, Ramirez, Alexander, Ryan, P. Barry, Saidam, Sudhakar, Sarnat, Jeremy A., Simkovich, Suzanne, Sinharoy, Sheela S., Smith, Kirk R., Swearing, Damien, Thangavel, Gurusamy, Toenjes, Ashley, Valdes, Viviane, Williams, Kendra N., Ye, Wenlu, Young, Bonnie N., Liao, Jiawen, Kirby, Miles A., Pillarisetti, Ajay, Piedrahita, Ricardo, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Sambandam, Sankar, Mukhopadhyay, Krishnendu, Rosa, Ghislaine, Majorin, Fiona, Dusabimana, Ephrem, Ndagijimana, Florien, McCracken, John P., Mollinedo, Erick, de Leon, Oscar, Díaz-Artiga, Anaité, Thompson, Lisa M., Kearns, Katherine A., Naeher, Luke, Rosenthal, Joshua, Clark, Maggie L., Steenland, Kyle, Waller, Lance A., Checkley, William, Peel, Jennifer L., Clasen, Thomas, and Johnson, Michael

Published
2021
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27. Complex Rotating Waves and Long Transients in a Ring-Network of Electrochemical Oscillators with Sparse Random Cross-Connections

Author

Sebek, Michael, Tönjes, Ralf, and Kiss, István Z.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract

We perform experiments and phase model simulations with a ring network of oscillatory electrochemical reactions to explore the effect of random connections and non-isochronocity of the interactions on the pattern formation. A few additional links facilitate the emergence of the fully synchronized state. With larger non-isochronicity, complex rotating waves or persistent irregular phase dynamics can derail the convergence to global synchronization. The observed long transients of irregular phase dynamics exemplify the possibility of a sudden onset of hyper synchronous behavior without any external stimulus or network reorganization., Comment: 4 pages main text and 4 pages supplemental material

Published
2016
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28. Materials for Micro Forming

Author

Zoch, Hans-Werner, Schulz, Alwin, Cui, Chengsong, Mehner, Andreas, Kovac, Julien, Toenjes, Anastasiya, von Hehl, Axel, Vollertsen, Frank, editor, Friedrich, Sybille, editor, Kuhfuß, Bernd, editor, Maaß, Peter, editor, Thomy, Claus, editor, and Zoch, Hans-Werner, editor

Published
2020
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30. Cooking with liquefied petroleum gas or biomass and fetal growth outcomes: a multi-country randomised controlled trial

Author

Checkley, William, primary, Thompson, Lisa M, additional, Hossen, Shakir, additional, Nicolaou, Laura, additional, Williams, Kendra N, additional, Hartinger, Stella M, additional, Chiang, Marilu, additional, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, additional, Garg, Sarada S, additional, Thangavel, Gurusamy, additional, Aravindalochanan, Vigneswari, additional, Rosa, Ghislaine, additional, Mukeshimana, Alexie, additional, Ndagijimana, Florien, additional, McCracken, John P, additional, Diaz-Artiga, Anaité, additional, Sinharoy, Sheela S, additional, Waller, Lance, additional, Wang, Jiantong, additional, Jabbarzadeh, Shirin, additional, Chen, Yunyun, additional, Steenland, Kyle, additional, Kirby, Miles A, additional, Ramakrishnan, Usha, additional, Johnson, Michael, additional, Pillarisetti, Ajay, additional, McCollum, Eric D, additional, Craik, Rachel, additional, Ohuma, Eric O, additional, Dávila-Román, Victor G, additional, de las Fuentes, Lisa, additional, Simkovich, Suzanne M, additional, Peel, Jennifer L, additional, Clasen, Thomas F, additional, Papageorghiou, Aris T, additional, Bankundiye, Gloriose, additional, Boyd Barr, Dana, additional, Burrowes, Vanessa, additional, Bussalleu, Alejandra, additional, Campbell, Devan, additional, Canuz, Eduardo, additional, Castañaza, Adly, additional, Clark, Maggie, additional, Crocker, Mary, additional, De León, Oscar, additional, Dusabimana, Ephrem, additional, Elon, Lisa, additional, Espinoza, Juan G, additional, Pineda Fuentes, Irma, additional, Ghosh, Ahana, additional, Goodman, Dina, additional, Gupton, Savannah, additional, Hamid, Sarah, additional, Harvey, Steven, additional, Hengstermann, Mayari, additional, Hennessee, Ian, additional, Herrera, Phabiola, additional, Howard, Marjorie, additional, Howards, Penelope P., additional, Jaacks, Lindsay, additional, Kearns, Katherine, additional, Kremer, Jacob, additional, Laws, Margaret A., additional, Lenzen, Pattie, additional, Liao, Jiawen, additional, Lovvorn, Amy, additional, Mbabazi, Jane, additional, McPeek, Julia N., additional, Meyers, Rachel, additional, Miranda, J. Jaime, additional, Mollinedo, Erick, additional, Monroy, Libny, additional, Mukhopadhyay, Krishnendu, additional, Mutariyani, Bernard, additional, Naeher, Luke P., additional, Nambajimana, Abidan, additional, Natesan, Durairaj, additional, Nizam, Azhar, additional, Ntivuguruzwa, Jean de Dieu, additional, Piedrahita, Ricardo, additional, Puttaswamy, Naveen, additional, Puzzolo, Elisa, additional, Quinn, Ashlinn, additional, Rajamani, Karthikeyan D., additional, Rajkumar, Sarah, additional, Ramasami, Rengaraj, additional, Ramirez, Alexander, additional, Ryan, P. Barry, additional, Saidam, Sudhakar, additional, Sakas, Zoe, additional, Sambandam, Sankar, additional, Sarnat, Jeremy, additional, Smith, Kirk, additional, Swearing, Damien, additional, Toenjes, Ashley, additional, Underhill, Lindsay, additional, Uwizeyimana, Jean D, additional, Valdes, Viviane, additional, Verma, Amit, additional, Warnock, Megan, additional, Ye, Wenlu, additional, Young, Bonnie, additional, Younger, Ashley, additional, Monroy-Alarcón, Libny Y., additional, Castañaza Gonzalez de Durante, Adly, additional, López-Ortega, Claudia, additional, Gonzalez, Maria F., additional, Sowrirajan, Lakshminarayanan, additional, Paramanandam, Shanthi P., additional, Shanmugavadivu, K, additional, Sudharsanan, V, additional, Seshadri, Suresh, additional, Yupanqui-Fredes, Adhemir E., additional, Hancco-Gomez, Mario, additional, Apaza, Ronald, additional, Persivale-Calle, Juan F., additional, Quispe, Elizabeth, additional, Leon-Ponce, Carlos, additional, Villar-Gonzales, Victor, additional, Andrade-Salas, Rebeca, additional, Herrera, Jhon E., additional, Ramos-Mamani, Luzdelia, additional, Lopez, Yessica, additional, Quiza, Giovanna, additional, Hinojosa, Yadel, additional, Gomez-Quispe, Madeluz, additional, Frisancho-Parada, Gery, additional, Mendoza-Apaza, Danielle I., additional, Quispe-Flores, Luz R., additional, Xavier, Niyitegeka F, additional, Utfimana, Grace, additional, Tuzayisenga, Elie, additional, and Nkurunziza, Valens, additional

Published
2024
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31. Spectral properties of fractional Fokker-Plank operator for the L\'evy flight in a harmonic potential

Author

Toenjes, Ralf, Sokolov, Igor M., and Postnikov, Eugene B.

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We present a detailed analysis of the eigenfunctions of the Fokker-Planck operator for the L\'evy-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, their asymptotic behavior and recurrence relations, explicit expressions in coordinate space for the special cases of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with Gaussian and with Cauchy white noise and for the transformation kernel, which maps the fractional Fokker-Planck operator of the Cauchy-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to the non-fractional Fokker-Planck operator of the usual Gaussian Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We also describe how non-spectral relaxation can be observed in bounded random variables of the L\'evy-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and their correlation functions., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Euro. Phys. J. B

Published
2014
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35. Exome-Derived Adiponectin-Associated Variants Implicate Obesity and Lipid Biology

Author

Spracklen, Cassandra N., Karaderi, Tugce, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Schurmann, Claudia, Fine, Rebecca S., Kutalik, Zoltan, Preuss, Michael H., Lu, Yingchang, Wittemans, Laura B.L., Adair, Linda S., Allison, Matthew, Amin, Najaf, Auer, Paul L., Bartz, Traci M., Blüher, Matthias, Boehnke, Michael, Borja, Judith B., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Broer, Linda, Chasman, Daniel I., Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chirstofidou, Paraskevi, Demirkan, Ayse, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Feitosa, Mary F., Garcia, Melissa E., Graff, Mariaelisa, Grallert, Harald, Grarup, Niels, Guo, Xiuqing, Haesser, Jeffrey, Hansen, Torben, Harris, Tamara B., Highland, Heather M., Hong, Jaeyoung, Ikram, M. Arfan, Ingelsson, Erik, Jackson, Rebecca, Jousilahti, Pekka, Kähönen, Mika, Kizer, Jorge R., Kovacs, Peter, Kriebel, Jennifer, Laakso, Markku, Lange, Leslie A., Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Jin, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lind, Lars, Luan, Jian’an, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, MacGregor, Stuart, Mackey, David A., Mahajan, Anubha, Mangino, Massimo, Männistö, Satu, McCarthy, Mark I., McKnight, Barbara, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Meigs, James B., Molnos, Sophie, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis, Morris, Andrew P., de Mutsert, Renee, Nalls, Mike A., Nedeljkovic, Ivana, North, Kari E., Pennell, Craig E., Pradhan, Aruna D., Province, Michael A., Raitakari, Olli T., Raulerson, Chelsea K., Reiner, Alex P., Ridker, Paul M., Ripatti, Samuli, Roberston, Neil, Rotter, Jerome I., Salomaa, Veikko, Sandoval-Zárate, America A., Sitlani, Colleen M., Spector, Tim D., Strauch, Konstantin, Stumvoll, Michael, Taylor, Kent D., Thuesen, Betina, Tönjes, Anke, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Venturini, Cristina, Walker, Mark, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Shuai, Wareham, Nicholas J., Willems, Sara M., Willems van Dijk, Ko, Wilson, James G., Wu, Ying, Yao, Jie, Young, Kristin L., Langenberg, Claudia, Frayling, Timothy M., Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Loos, Ruth J.F., and Mohlke, Karen L.

Published
2019
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37. Non-spectral relaxation in one dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes

Author

Toenjes, R., Sokolov, I. M., and Postnikov, E. B.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract

The relaxation of a dissipative system to its equilibrium state often shows a multiexponential pattern with relaxation rates, which are typically considered to be independent of the initial condition. The rates follow from the spectrum of a Hermitian operator obtained by a similarity transformation of the initial Fokker-Planck operator. However, some initial conditions are mapped by this similarity transformation to functions which grow at infinity. These cannot be expanded in terms of the eigenfunctions of an Hermitian operator, and show different relaxation patterns. Considering the exactly solvable examples of Gaussian and generalized L\'evy Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes (OUPs) we show that the relaxation rates belong to the Hermitian spectrum only if the initial condition belongs to the domain of attraction of the stable distribution defining the noise. While for an ordinary OUP initial conditions leading to non-spectral relaxation can be considered exotic, for generalized OUPs driven by L\'evy noise these are the rule., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure

Published
2012
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38. Synchronization of weakly perturbed Markov chain oscillators

Author

Toenjes, R. and Kori, H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

Rate processes are simple and analytically tractable models for many dynamical systems which switch stochastically between a discrete set of quasi stationary states but they may also approximate continuous processes by coarse grained, symbolic dynamics. In contrast to limit cycle oscillators which are weakly perturbed by noise, the stochasticity in such systems may be strong and more complicated system topologies than the circle can be considered. Here we employ second order, time dependent perturbation theory to derive expressions for the mean frequency and phase diffusion constant of discrete state oscillators coupled or driven through weakly time dependent transition rates. We also describe a method of global control to optimize the response of the mean frequency in complex transition networks., Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures

Published
2011
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39. What Do Klein et al. Tell Us about Test Scores in Texas?

Author

Toenjes, Laurence A.

Abstract

A paper appearing in this journal by Klein, Hamilton, McCaffrey and Stecher (2000) attempted to raise serious questions about the validity of the gains in student performance as measured by Texas' standardized test, the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS). Part of their analysis was based on the results of three tests which they administered to 2,000 fifth grade students in 20 Texas schools. Although Klein et al. indicated that the 20 schools were not selected in a way which would insure that they were representative of the nearly 3,000 Texas schools that enrolled fifth graders, generalizations based upon the results for those schools were nonetheless offered. The purpose of this short paper is to demonstrate just how unrepresentative the 20 schools used by Klein et al. actually were, and in so doing to cast doubt on certain of their conclusions. (Contains 2 figures.)

Published
2005

40. Synchronization Transition of Identical Phase Oscillators in a Directed Small-World Network

Author

Toenjes, Ralf, Masuda, Naoki, and Kori, Hiroshi

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We numerically study a directed small-world network consisting of attractively coupled, identical phase oscillators. While complete synchronization is always stable, it is not always reachable from random initial conditions. Depending on the shortcut density and on the asymmetry of the phase coupling function, there exists a regime of persistent chaotic dynamics. By increasing the density of shortcuts or decreasing the asymmetry of the phase coupling function, we observe a discontinuous transition in the ability of the system to synchronize. Using a control technique, we identify the bifurcation scenario of the order parameter. We also discuss the relation between dynamics and topology and remark on the similarity of the synchronization transition to directed percolation., Comment: This article has been accepted in AIP, Chaos. After it is published, it will be found at http://chaos.aip.org/, 12 pages, 9 figures, 1 table

Published
2010
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41. Synchronization Transition in the Kuramoto Model with Colored Noise

Author

Toenjes, Ralf

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

We present a linear stability analysis of the incoherent state in a system of globally coupled, identical phase oscillators subject to colored noise. In that we succeed to bridge the extreme time scales between the formerly studied and analytically solvable cases of white noise and quenched random frequencies., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures

Published
2010
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42. Perturbation Analysis of Complete Synchronization in Networks of Phase Oscillators

Author

Toenjes, R. and Blasius, B.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

The behavior of weakly coupled self-sustained oscillators can often be well described by phase equations. Here we use the paradigm of Kuramoto phase oscillators which are coupled in a network to calculate first and second order corrections to the frequency of the fully synchronized state for nonidentical oscillators. The topology of the underlying coupling network is reflected in the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the network Laplacian which influence the synchronization frequency in a particular way. They characterize the importance of nodes in a network and the relations between them. Expected values for the synchronization frequency are obtained for oscillators with quenched random frequencies on a class of scale-free random networks and for a Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random network. We briefly discuss an application of the perturbation theory in the second order to network structural analysis., Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure

Published
2009
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43. Perturbation Analysis of the Kuramoto Phase Diffusion Equation Subject to Quenched Frequency Disorder

Author

Toenjes, Ralf and Blasius, Bernd

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

The Kuramoto phase diffusion equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation which describes the spatio-temporal evolution of a phase variable in an oscillatory reaction diffusion system. Synchronization manifests itself in a stationary phase gradient where all phases throughout a system evolve with the same velocity, the synchronization frequency. The formation of concentric waves can be explained by local impurities of higher frequency which can entrain their surroundings. Concentric waves in synchronization also occur in heterogeneous systems, where the local frequencies are distributed randomly. We present a perturbation analysis of the synchronization frequency where the perturbation is given by the heterogeneity of natural frequencies in the system. The nonlinearity in form of dispersion, leads to an overall acceleration of the oscillation for which the expected value can be calculated from the second order perturbation terms. We apply the theory to simple topologies, like a line or the sphere, and deduce the dependence of the synchronization frequency on the size and the dimension of the oscillatory medium. We show that our theory can be extended to include rotating waves in a medium with periodic boundary conditions. By changing a system parameter the synchronized state may become quasi degenerate. We demonstrate how perturbation theory fails at such a critical point., Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures

Published
2009
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44. Zipf law in the popularity distribution of chess openings

Author

Blasius, B. and Toenjes, R.

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

We perform a quantitative analysis of extensive chess databases and show that the frequencies of opening moves are distributed according to a power-law with an exponent that increases linearly with the game depth, whereas the pooled distribution of all opening weights follows Zipf's law with universal exponent. We propose a simple stochastic process that is able to capture the observed playing statistics and show that the Zipf law arises from the self-similar nature of the game tree of chess. Thus, in the case of hierarchical fragmentation the scaling is truly universal and independent of a particular generating mechanism. Our findings are of relevance in general processes with composite decisions., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2007
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45. Quasi regular concentric waves in heterogeneous lattices of coupled oscillators

Author

Blasius, Bernd and Toenjes, Ralf

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We study the pattern formation in a lattice of coupled phase oscillators with quenched disorder. In the synchronized regime concentric waves can arise, which are induced and increase in regularity by the disorder of the system. Maximal regularity is found at the edge of the synchronization regime. The emergence of the concentric waves is related to the symmetry breaking of the interaction function. An explanation of the numerically observed phenomena is given in a one-dimensional chain of coupled phase oscillators. Scaling properties, describing the target patterns are obtained., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRL

Published
2005
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46. Tuning the Clock: Uranium and Thorium Chronometers Applied to CS 31082-001

Author

Toenjes, R., Schatz, H., Kratz, K. -L., Pfeiffer, B., Beers, T. C., Cowan, J., and Hill, V.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We obtain age estimates for the progenitor(s) of the extremely metal-poor ([Fe/H = -2.9) halo star CS 31082-001, based on the recently reported first observation of a Uranium abundance in this (or any other) star. Age estimates are derived by application of the classical r-process model with updated nuclear physics inputs. The [U/Th] ratio yields an age of 13+-4 Gyr or 8+-4 Gyr, based on the use of the ETFSI-Q or the new HFBCS-1 nuclear mass models, respectively. Implications for Thorium chronometers are discussed., Comment: 5 pages incl. 1 figure, a shorter 3 page version will be published in the proceedings of the "Astrophysical Ages and Timescales" conference held in Hilo, Hawaii, Feb 5-9, 2001

Published
2001
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