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1. A high-resolution climate record spanning the past 17 000 years recovered from Lake Ohau, South Island, New Zealand

Author

R. H. Levy, G. B. Dunbar, M. J. Vandergoes, J. D. Howarth, T. Kingan, A. R. Pyne, G. Brotherston, M. Clarke, B. Dagg, M. Hill, E. Kenton, S. Little, D. Mandeno, C. Moy, P. Muldoon, P. Doyle, C. Raines, P. Rutland, D. Strong, M. Terezow, L. Cochrane, R. Cossu, S. Fitzsimons, F. Florindo, A. L. Forrest, A. R. Gorman, D. S. Kaufman, M. K. Lee, X. Li, P. Lurcock, N. McKay, F. Nelson, J. Purdie, H. A. Roop, S. G. Schladow, A. Sood, P. Upton, S. L. Walker, and G. S. Wilson

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

A new annually resolved sedimentary record of Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude hydroclimate was recovered from Lake Ohau, South Island, New Zealand, in March 2016. The Lake Ohau Climate History (LOCH) project acquired cores from two sites (LOCH-1 and -2) that preserve sequences of laminated mud that accumulated since the lake formed ∼  17 000 years ago. Cores were recovered using a purpose-built barge and drilling system designed to recover soft sediment from thick sedimentary sequences in lake systems up to 150 m deep. This system can be transported in two to three 40 ft long shipping containers and is suitable for use in a range of geographic locations. A comprehensive suite of data has been collected from the sedimentary sequence using state-of-the-art analytical equipment and techniques. These new observations of past environmental variability augment the historical instrumental record and are currently being integrated with regional climate and hydrological modelling studies to explore causes of variability in extreme/flood events over the past several millennia.

Published
2018
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2. The Ross Sea Dipole – temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

Author

N. A. N. Bertler, H. Conway, D. Dahl-Jensen, D. B. Emanuelsson, M. Winstrup, P. T. Vallelonga, J. E. Lee, E. J. Brook, J. P. Severinghaus, T. J. Fudge, E. D. Keller, W. T. Baisden, R. C. A. Hindmarsh, P. D. Neff, T. Blunier, R. Edwards, P. A. Mayewski, S. Kipfstuhl, C. Buizert, S. Canessa, R. Dadic, H. A. Kjær, A. Kurbatov, D. Zhang, E. D. Waddington, G. Baccolo, T. Beers, H. J. Brightley, L. Carter, D. Clemens-Sewall, V. G. Ciobanu, B. Delmonte, L. Eling, A. Ellis, S. Ganesh, N. R. Golledge, S. Haines, M. Handley, R. L. Hawley, C. M. Hogan, K. M. Johnson, E. Korotkikh, D. P. Lowry, D. Mandeno, R. M. McKay, J. A. Menking, T. R. Naish, C. Noerling, A. Ollive, A. Orsi, B. C. Proemse, A. R. Pyne, R. L. Pyne, J. Renwick, R. P. Scherer, S. Semper, M. Simonsen, S. B. Sneed, E. J. Steig, A. Tuohy, A. U. Venugopal, F. Valero-Delgado, J. Venkatesh, F. Wang, S. Wang, D. A. Winski, V. H. L. Winton, A. Whiteford, C. Xiao, J. Yang, and X. Zhang

Subjects
Environmental pollution, TD172-193.5, Environmental protection, TD169-171.8, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979–2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE.

Published
2018
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3. A novel approach to process brittle ice for continuous flow analysis of stable water isotopes

Author

REBECCA L. PYNE, ELIZABETH D. KELLER, SILVIA CANESSA, NANCY A. N. BERTLER, ALEX R. PYNE, DARCY MANDENO, PAUL VALLELONGA, STEFANIE SEMPER, HELLE A. KJÆR, ED HUTCHINSON, and W. TROY BAISDEN

Subjects
glaciological instruments and methods, ice core, paleoclimate, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

Brittle ice, which occurs in all intermediate-depth and deep ice cores retrieved from high-latitude regions, presents a challenge for high-resolution measurements of water isotopes, gases, ions and other quantities conducted with continuous flow analysis (CFA). We present a novel method of preserving brittle ice for CFA stable water isotope measurements using data from a new ice core recovered by the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) project. Modest modification of the drilling technique and the accommodation of non-horizontal fractures (‘slanted breaks’) in processing led to a substantial improvement in the percentage of brittle ice analyzed with CFA (87.8%). Whereas traditional processing methods remove entire fragmented pieces of ice, our method allowed the incorporation of a total of 3 m of ice (1% of the 261 m of brittle ice and ~1300 years of climate history) that otherwise would not have been available for CFA. Using the RICE stable water isotope CFA dataset, we demonstrate the effect of slanted breaks and analyze the resulting smoothing of the data with real and simulated examples. Our results suggest that retaining slanted breaks are a promising technique for preserving brittle ice material for CFA stable water isotope measurements.

Published
2018
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4. Logical memory, visual reproduction, and verbal paired associates are effective embedded validity indicators in patients with traumatic brain injury

Author

Brad T. Tyson, Sadie R. Pyne, Iulia Crisan, Matthew Calamia, Matthew Holcomb, Luciano Giromini, and Laszlo A. Erdodi

Subjects
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Developmental and Educational Psychology
Abstract

This study was design to evaluate the potential of the recognition trials for the Logical Memory (LM), Visual Reproduction (VR), and Verbal Paired Associates (VPA) subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scales–Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) to serve as embedded performance validity tests (PVTs). The classification accuracy of the three WMS-IV subtests was computed against three different criterion PVTs in a sample of 103 adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The optimal cutoffs (LM ≤ 20, VR ≤ 3, VPA ≤ 36) produced good combinations of sensitivity (.33–.87) and specificity (.92–.98). An age-corrected scaled score of ≤5 on either of the free recall trials on the VPA was specific (.91–.92) and relatively sensitive (.48–.57) to psychometrically defined invalid performance. A VR I ≤ 5 or VR II ≤ 4 had comparable specificity, but lower sensitivity (.25–.42). There was no difference in failure rate as a function of TBI severity. In addition to LM, VR, and VPA can also function as embedded PVTs. Failing validity cutoffs on these subtests signals an increased risk of non-credible presentation and is robust to genuine neurocognitive impairment. However, they should not be used in isolation to determine the validity of an overall neurocognitive profile.

Published
2023
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6. The Ross Sea Dipole – temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

Author

N. A. N. Bertler, H. Conway, D. Dahl-Jensen, D. B. Emanuelsson, M. Winstrup, P. T. Vallelonga, J. E. Lee, E. J. Brook, J. P. Severinghaus, T. J. Fudge, E. D. Keller, W. T. Baisden, R. C. A. Hindmarsh, P. D. Neff, T. Blunier, R. Edwards, P. A. Mayewski, S. Kipfstuhl, C. Buizert, S. Canessa, R. Dadic, H. A. Kjær, A. Kurbatov, D. Zhang, E. D. Waddington, G. Baccolo, T. Beers, H. J. Brightley, L. Carter, D. Clemens-Sewall, V. G. Ciobanu, B. Delmonte, L. Eling, A. Ellis, S. Ganesh, N. R. Golledge, S. Haines, M. Handley, R. L. Hawley, C. M. Hogan, K. M. Johnson, E. Korotkikh, D. P. Lowry, D. Mandeno, R. M. McKay, J. A. Menking, T. R. Naish, C. Noerling, A. Ollive, A. Orsi, B. C. Proemse, A. R. Pyne, R. L. Pyne, J. Renwick, R. P. Scherer, S. Semper, M. Simonsen, S. B. Sneed, E. J. Steig, A. Tuohy, A. U. Venugopal, F. Valero-Delgado, J. Venkatesh, F. Wang, S. Wang, D. A. Winski, V. H. L. Winton, A. Whiteford, C. Xiao, J. Yang, X. Zhang, Victoria University of Wellington, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bertler, N, Conway, H, Dahl-Jensen, D, Emanuelsson, D, Winstrup, M, Vallelonga, P, Lee, J, Brook, E, Severinghaus, J, Fudge, T, Keller, E, Troy Baisden, W, Hindmarsh, R, Neff, P, Blunier, T, Edwards, R, Mayewski, P, Kipfstuhl, S, Buizert, C, Canessa, S, Dadic, R, Kjær, H, Kurbatov, A, Zhang, D, Waddington, E, Baccolo, G, Beers, T, Brightley, H, Carter, L, Clemens-Sewall, D, Ciobanu, V, Delmonte, B, Eling, L, Ellis, A, Ganesh, S, Golledge, N, Haines, S, Handley, M, Hawley, R, Hogan, C, Johnson, K, Korotkikh, E, Lowry, D, Mandeno, D, Mckay, R, Menking, J, Naish, T, Noerling, C, Ollive, A, Orsi, A, Proemse, B, Pyne, A, Pyne, R, Renwick, J, Scherer, R, Semper, S, Simonsen, M, Sneed, S, Steig, E, Tuohy, A, Ulayottil Venugopal, A, Valero-Delgado, F, Venkatesh, J, Wang, F, Wang, S, Winski, D, Holly, W, Whiteford, A, Xiao, C, Yang, J, and Zhang, X

Subjects
Arctic sea ice decline, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Environmental protection, Stratigraphy, Antarctic ice sheet, Antarctic sea ice, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, lcsh:Environmental pollution, Sea ice, Cryosphere, lcsh:TD169-171.8, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Paleontology, Future sea level, 15. Life on land, Arctic ice pack, Climate Action, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Ice sheet, Geology
Abstract

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979–2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE.

Published
2019

8. The curious case of private practice interventional radiologists

Author

R Pyne, M. Englander, Sanjeeva P. Kalva, Laura K. Findeiss, E Ugianskis, M Pfister, E Spencer, A Frodsham, and R Andrews

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, Medical education, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, Private practice, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging
Published
2017

9. Late Cenozoic Climate History of the Ross Embayment from the AND-1B Drill Hole: Culmination of Three Decades of Antarctic Margin Drilling

Author

F. M. Talarico, Peter Barrett, Gary S. Wilson, Jake Ross, A. R. Pyne, S. A. Henrys, L. A. Krissek, M. Pompilio, R. H. Levy, R. D. Powell, F. Niessen, Tim R Naish, and R. Scherer

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Drilling, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Climate history, 01 natural sciences, Drill hole, Culmination, 03 medical and health sciences, Oceanography, Margin (machine learning), Cenozoic, Geology, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Published
2007

10. The use of sweep-frequency excitation for unsteady pressure measurement

Author

B. L. Welsh and C. R. Pyne

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Measurement method, Materials science, Computational Mechanics, General Physics and Astronomy, Mechanics, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Flow conditions, Pressure measurement, Mach number, Mechanics of Materials, law, symbols, Range (statistics), Excitation, Wind tunnel test
Abstract

The use of sweep-frequency excitation for rapid measurement of time-dependent pressures on wind-tunnel models is examined. Results obtained from two different wind-tunnels covering the Mach number range from 0.2 to 0.85, and a wide range of flow conditions, are compared with measurements made using the slower, traditional method of discrete-frequency excitation. It is concluded that the sweep-frequency excitation method can reduce testing time in certain flow conditions with no significant loss in accuracy.

Published
1989

11. Larval development and behaviour of the mantis shrimp,Squilla armataMilne Edwards (Crustacea : Stomatopoda)

Author

Rex R. Pyne

Subjects
Larva, Mantis shrimp, Multidisciplinary, biology, Water temperature, Ecology, fungi, Squilla, Pelagic zone, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Crustacean
Abstract

Two propelagic and nine pelagic larval stages of Squilla armata H. Milne Edwards, from New Zealand, are described and illustrated. A larval calendar showing monthly abundance and ratio of occurrence of pelagic larvae from the plankton in relation to the mean water temperature is given. Habits of the larvae are described.

Published
1972

12. Carcinoma of the penis in a Jew circumcised in infancy

Author

Edward P. Melmed and John R. Pyne

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Penile Neoplasm, medicine.disease, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Circumcision, Male, Jews, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, business, Penile Neoplasms, Penis, Aged
Published
1967

13. METALLURGICAL REQUIREMENTS OF REFRACTORIES IN COPPER SMELTING AND REFINING1

Author

Francis R. Pyne

Subjects
Materials science, visual_art, Metallurgy, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Slag, Copper industry, Copper smelter
Abstract

The requirements of refractories in the copper industry may be classed as follows: 1Resistance to temperatures 2Resistance to chemical action 3Ability to withstand sudden temperature changes 4Minimum absorption of slag and metal 5Absence of manufacturing defects.

Published
1923

14. Great Boughton Union

Author

R. Pyne, T. Brittain, B. Earl, T.J. Proudlove, and J.D. Weaver

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

n/a

Published
1859

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