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Abstract Bistability, a universal phenomenon found in diverse fields such as biology, chemistry, and physics, describes a scenario in which a system has two stable equilibrium states and resets to one of the two states. The ability to switch between these two states is the basis for a wide range of applications, particularly in memory and logic operations. Here, we present a universal approach to achieve bistable switching in magnonics, the field processing data using spin waves. A pronounced bistable window is observed in a 1 μm wide magnonic conduit under an external rf drive. The system is characterized by two magnonic stable states defined as low and high spin-wave amplitude states. The switching between these two states is realized by another propagating spin wave sent into the rf driven region. This magnonic bistable switching is used to design a magnonic repeater, which receives the original decayed and distorted spin wave and regenerates a new spin wave with amplified amplitude and normalized phase. Our magnonic repeater can be installed at the inputs of each magnonic logic gate to overcome the spin-wave amplitude degradation and phase distortion during previous propagation and achieve integrated magnonic circuits or magnonic neuromorphic networks.

Individual dosimetric monitoring (IDM) of external exposure of the personnel of nuclear power facilities is a key element of the radiation protection system, is traditionally within the responsibility of NPP radiation safety shops and is carried out by appropriately equipped IDM laboratories. The equipment of the IDM at NPPs, which was commissioned in the mid-2000's, is coming to the end of its life cycle and the issue of equipment replacement is on the agenda now. New IDM systems that will operate for the next 10 - 15 years should meet modern requirements, take into account global trends in radiological protection and the latest developments of IDM instrumentation, while the choice of new systems should be based on international and domestic experience, adequacy of dosimetric performance and operational practicality. The review is devoted to the comparison of the characteristics of the potent passive personal dosimetry systems considered for IDM of Ukrainian NPP personnel. Based on the analysis of literature data, international standards and recommendations, information from manufacturers and authors’ own practical experience, a generalization of information on existing and future IDM systems is carried out, a vision of the most optimal choice of systems for re-equipping laboratories for dosimetric monitoring of nuclear power plants good for the next decade is proposed.

The growth of geopolitical tension and conflicts in the modern world pose a serious threat to the international security system. It has been established that in recent years conflict at the international level has reached a critical level with the highest risk of nuclear confrontation based on the results of the conducted research. In this regard, issues of constructive resolution of international conflicts, establishment and maintenance of a stable structure of international relations are gaining significant relevance. The purpose of the article is to determine the essence of conflicts with the study of their impact on the state of international security and to build an analytical basis for the formation of systemic decisions aimed at their settlement in the conditions of growing geopolitical tension. Analysis of conceptual approaches, theories and concepts of conflict research has been provided in the course of the research. Classifications and typologies of international conflicts are considered with an emphasis on the main structural elements of the conflict. The formation of an analytical system for supporting strategic decision-making has been proposed in order to solve issues related to the settlement of international conflicts and the effective development of international relations. The proposed system combines four subsystems, namely: the subsystem of forming information databases, the subsystem of determining relationships, the subsystem of modelling and the subsystem of forming strategic decisions. The practical use of the proposed system will make it possible to form analytical information and determine the dominant factors of influence on the socio-economic state and the conflict situation. It is possible to determine the trends in the development of international conflicts and to form strategies for their settlement and increase the efficiency of international relations, taking into account the long-term perspective on the basis of obtaining analytical information.

The quality of goat milk can be affected by mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAnM), intestinal bacteria, psychrotrophic, some pathogenic microorganisms, fungi, etc. Traditional microbiological methods, which are used to determine the safety of milk, do not provide an opportunity to obtain an instant result, require the preparation of nutrient media and glassware, which takes up work time and is energy-consuming. We have carried out studies of goat milk by classical (using conventional and selective nutrient media) and alternative modern (using test plates, which are widely used to control microbiological contamination in the food industry) methods. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the bacterial contamination of goat milk was within the permissible limits. There were no significant differences in the results of using the test plates. According to the classical method, the average indicators of the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms were 4.97 ± 0.14 lg CFU/mL, according to the alternative method – 4.86 ± 0.13 lg CFU/mL. Escherichia coli was isolated in four samples (with an average concentration of microorganisms of 1.86 ± 0.62 lg CFU/mL), in the same samples Enterobacter spp. in the amount of 1.77 ± 0.61 lg CFU/mL. In three samples, the presence of Proteus spp. with average concentration values of 2.19 ± 0.15 lg CFU/mL. Using an alternative method, contamination of milk with Escherichia coli (1.53 ± 0.33 lg CFU/mL) was detected in five samples, coliform bacteria were isolated in four samples (1.49 ± 0.50 lg CFU/mL). Staphylococcus aureus was not detected by any of the methods, but other representatives of the genus Staphylococcus were detected in all samples by both classical and alternative methods (2.48 ± 0.05 and 3.01 ± 0.07 lg CFU/mL). Using the classic method, it was established that two samples were positive for Enterococcus spp. (2.46 ± 0.08 lg CFU/mL), Bacillus spp. were isolated in six samples (1.70 ± 0.09 lg CFU/mL), in three – Clostridium spp. (1.66 ± 0.06 lg CFU/mL), in all six samples psychrotrophic bacteria (2.09 ± 0.26 lg CFU/mL) and yeast (2.41 ± 0.24 lg CFU/mL), four of the samples contained single colonies of mold fungi of the genus Aspergillus. Pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. not found. It will be promising to study the dependence of the milk microbiome on environmental factors, as well as the influence of the milk microbiota on the course of technological processes, quality and safety indicators during the production of goat cheese or other dairy products.

Стаття присвячена дослідженню питання можливості зміни та припинення договору про надання юридичних послуг. Автором зазначено, що суттєвим стимулом відновлення вітчизняної економіки є обсяг іноземних інвестицій, і цьому має сприятиме належна охорона та захист прав інвесторів як менш захищених учасників інвестиційних відносин. Все це сприятиме потребі упорядкування законодавчих механізмів урегулювання відносин в сфері надання послуг. Зокрема, попри надзвичайну соціальну важливість, яку відіграють у суспільстві відносини з надання юридичних послуг, їх цивільно-правове регулювання на цей час ще недостатньо розроблене, аби стверджувати, що в Україні функціонує доволі виважений режим упорядкування даних відносин. В статті автором зазначено, що право на застосування замовниками юридичних послуг заходів оперативного впливу вимагає чіткого описання в законодавстві, а не встановлюватися шляхом багатоетапного тлумачення відповідних норм. Здійснення такого права не повинно залежати від його закріплення в умовах договорів про надання юридичних послуг, тобто його нормативною основою мають бути відповідні норми законодавства, що підвищить гарантованість захисту прав та інтересів замовників цих послуг як менш захищених учасників договірних відносин. Автором доведено, що застосування замовниками юридичних послуг захисту шляхом розірвання договору, в першу чергу через звернення до суду з відповідним позовом, не має особливої специфіки, в порівнянні з подібним захистом в інших договірних зобов’язаннях. Аналіз судової практики вказує на відсутність гострих проблем, які б вимагали з цього приводу наукового описання та вирішення. В Україні викарбувалася стабільна судова практика щодо захисту замовників юридичних послуг через розірвання відповідних договорів. Власне розірванням договору, як правоприпиняючим юридичним фактом, захищається не права замовника, а його інтереси (на збереженість майна; на укладення предметно таких же договорів з іншими суб’єктами тощо). В роботі зазначено, що зміна та розірвання договорів про надання юридичних послуг, які здійснюються на підставі домовленості сторін, за загальним правилом, застосовуються не в контексті реакції сторін на правопорушення, допущеного контрагентом, а через інші мотиви. Серед таких мотивів, зокрема, можна назвати істотну зміну обставин.

У статті визначено конституційні принципи ді­яльності Служби судової охорони України. Зазначено, що конституційні принципи діяль­ності Служби судової охорони України, необхідно зазначити, що вони включають у себе: принцип утвердження та забезпечення прав і свобод грома­дянина; принцип рівності перед законом громадян; принцип поваги до гідності громадянина; принцип верховенства права; принцип законності; принцип соціальної справедливості; принцип толерантності. Підкреслено, що першочерговим серед кон­ституційних принципів діяльності Служби судо­вої охорони України є саме принцип верховен­ства права, адже у своїй діяльності працівники Служби судової охорони України повинні діяти, у першу чергу керуючись принципом верховен­ства права, дотримуючись пріоритету прав лю­дини перед будь-якими іншими цінностями. Наголошено, що принцип рівність перед за­коном забезпечує однакові умови для кожно­го члена суспільства та покладає на працівни­ків Служби судової охорони України обов'язок не надавати будь-яких привілеїв чи обмежень. Працівник Служби судової охорони України ні в якому разі не повинен приймати одну зі сторін під час виникнення ситуацій, пов'язаних із пору­шенням закону. Зазначено, що визнання, дотримання та за­хист прав і свобод людини та громадянина є обов'язком Служби судової охорони України. Оскільки в адміністративній діяльності Служби судової охорони України застосовуються заходи адміністративного примусу, вони безпосередньо тією чи іншою мірою стосуються прав і свобод людини та громадянина. Саме тому цей принцип є досить важливим. Принцип поваги до гідності громадян в адміністративній діяльності Служби судової охорони України означає дотримання прав та свобод не тільки щодо правомірних гро­мадян, а й для тих, хто порушує закон. Підкреслено, що принцип поваги до гідності громадян в адміністративній діяльності Служби судової охорони України означає дотримання прав та свобод не тільки щодо правомірних гро­мадян, а й для тих, хто порушує закон.

The aim of the studyWas to investigate the effect of antiseptics on the adhesive and biofilm-forming properties of clinical S.mitis isolates isolated from the oral cavity of patients with an infectious and inflammatory post-extraction complication.Materials and methodsTwenty four clinical isolates of S.mitis isolated from patients were studied. The studied antiseptics included 0.02% aqueous solution of decamethoxin and 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate. Adhesion of clinical isolates under the action of decamethoxin and chlorhexidine bigluconate was determined by the method of V.I. Brillis. The biofilm-forming properties of clinical isolates were studied using the “microtiter plate test” according to G.D. Christensen.ResultsThe studied clinical isolates of S.mitis are classified as highly adherent microorganisms. Action of decamethoxin on clinical isolates decreases the adhesion index of the studied isolates in comparison with the adhesion index of the control culture. Action of chlorhexidine bigluconate on S.mitis isolates increases of adhession of the studied clinical isolates in comparison with the control. After the effect of decamethoxin, the optical density of clinical isolates decreased considering the optical density results of the control. The clinical isolates left an average film-forming capacity even after chlorhexidine bigluconate action.ConclusionsClinical isolates of S.mitis are highly adherent microorganisms. The antiseptic decamethoxin decreases the adhesion index of these bacteria, while chlorhexidine bigluconate increases the adhesion index of clinical S.mitis isolates. Clinical S. mitis isolates have an average biofilm formation capacity index. The antiseptic decamethoxin inhibits the biofilm formation capacity of S.mitis from medium to low.

У статті визначено загальносоціальні принципи діяльності Служби судової охорони України. Зазначено, що до системи загальносоціальних принципів адміністративної діяльності Служби судової охорони України запропоновано включити такі принципи: демократизму; прозорості; гуманності; довіри населення; зовнішньої взаємодії; підконтрольності та підзвітності; поєднання переконання та примусу. Підкреслено, що принцип гуманності означає, що працівник Служби судової охорони України у своїй діяльності повинен бути ввічливим, люб’язним та делікатним по відношенню до підозрюваних, свідків або потерпілих. Є неприпустимим негуманне або принизливе ставлення до будь-кого, незалежно від його статусу під час правовідносин з Службою судової охорони України. Наголошено, що переконання в адміністративній діяльності Служби судової охорони України – це метод впливу на свідомість і поведінку людей, що представляє собою сукупність заходів виховного, роз’яснювального та заохочувального характеру, що здійснюються з метою підвищення правосвідомості громадян і добровільного дотримання та виконання законів. Підкреслено, що сутність переконання в Служби судової охорони України полягає у впливі на свідомість та поведінку людей з метою формування у них правильних переконань, розуміння необхідності добровільно і сумлінно виконувати вимоги закону та інших правових норм. Зазначено, що принцип поєднання переконання та примусу в адміністративній діяльності Служби судової охорони України є досить важливим. Без застосування переконання та примусу Служби судової охорони України при здійсненні адміністративної діяльності не могли б нормально функціонувати та належним чином виконувати делеговані державою функції. Наголошено, що взаємодія Служби судової охорони України з різними суб’єктами під час протидії правопорушенням повинна утворювати колективну діяльність за межами Служби судової охорони України із всіма правоохоронними відомствами, органами державної влади, ЗМІ, громадськими об’єднаннями, населенням, що сприятиме поєднанню зусиль кожного із суб’єктів взаємодії у єдину систему протидії правопорушенням.

A review of the genus Mocyta Mulsant & Rey, 1874, which is represented in Ukraine; a description of the main morphological features and diagnostic features is made, data on ecological features, seasonal activity of adults, the distribution of representatives of the genus in Ukraine and the world and the keys to identify the species are presented. The information on the distribution of species of the genus Mocyta in the territory of Ukraine has been clarified and significantly supplemented by new findings. The results can be used to address a number of theoretical issues of faunistics, zoogeography, and ecology, as well as in compiling the inventory of the fauna of the Ukrainian Carpathians, for comparative faunal research, in the analysis of species distribution, in biogeographic constructions, studies of faunogenesis, ecological monitoring and prediction of consequences of the influence of human activities on natural ecosystems of the region. The genus Mocyta is a widespread genus, which in terms of the combination of morphological and biological features belongs to the tribe Athetini Casey, 1910 of the subfamily Aleocharinae Fleming, 1821 of the family Staphylinidae Latreille, 1802. There are 26 known species in the fauna of Palearctic, 5 of which (Mocyta clientula, M. fungi fungi, M. fussi, M. orbata, M. orphana) are represented in the fauna of Ukraine. However, it is likely that there are two more species (M. amplicollis and M. negligens), identified for the surrounding areas, for which characteristics and comparative diagnoses have also been provided. This paper is a continuation of the initiated series of reviews of genera and species of the tribe Athetini of the fauna of Ukraine. Taking into account the wide geographical distribution and significant individual variability in size, colour and shape of the spermatheca of representatives of the genus, the identification of the latter presents some significant difficulties.

The dynamic development of the processes of economic transformation in the conditions of aggravation of world security is accompanied by the change in the geopolitical situation at the international level. There is a formation of the basis of systemic changes at the level of polarization and regionalization of the modern world with the formation of a new multipolar model and new regional centers in the global economy system. The development of new scientific approaches to the regional studies is becoming especially important in order to ensure the effective development of foreign policy and international relations. In the course of research, it has been noted that the scientific basis of regional studies consists of several modern concepts, theories and conceptual views. Conceptual aspects of interdisciplinary scientific approach to regional studies in the system of global economy have been determined. The sequence of formation of the conceptual apparatus of the region taking into account general and specific features, as well as identification of links in the regional system has been proposed. As conceptual aspects of the interdisciplinary approach to regional studies, the following components of the subsystem have been proposed, which provide conditions for effective use of potential and formation of mechanisms to increase the competitiveness of regions in various fields, including international, economic, social, environmental and sustainable socioeconomic development. It has been proposed to quantify the potential of the region and the effectiveness of its use as a basis for ensuring the competitiveness of the regional economic system. On the basis of the analysis of numerous scientific researches the systematization of the factors influencing potential of regional economic system and efficiency of its use has been carried out. Based on the interdisciplinary nature of the conceptual aspects, a methodological approach to quantitative assessment of the region’s potential and efficiency of its use has been developed. Practical application of the proposed approach allows identifying ways to increase the efficiency of the potential of the regions and form the basis for ensuring the competitiveness of the regional economic system in the context of global transformation.

The results of studies of species diversity, community structure, and biotopic distribution of rove beetles(Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) at the upper forest line on the Yavirnyk and Stinka mountain ridges (Polonynskyi massif, Ukrainian Carpathians) are presented. As a result, 91 species of Staphylinidae belonging to 53 genera and 10 subfamilies were found. In particular, 71 species were found on Yavirnyk, and 69 species on Stinka. The largest number of species was noticed on meadows of both ridges: 48 species on Yavirnyk and 51 on Stinka. The lowest number of species was recorded in in ecotones: 39 species on Yavirnyk and 40 on Stinka. The rove beetle dominant complex of the Yavirnyk ridge includes four species, including two eudominants—Eusphalerum alpinum and Philonthus politus, and two dominants—Eusphalerum anale and Philonthus decorus. The dominant complex of the Stinka ridge includes six species: three eudominants—Eusphalerum alpinum, Ocypus macrocephalus, and Staphylinus erythroptery, and three dominants in almost equal proportions—Anotylus mutator, Dinothenarus fossor, and Philonthus decorus. All indices of species richness and diversity of the rove beetlecommunities have higher values on the Stinka ridge, and they are the highest in forest biotopes of both mountain ridges, which indicates their high ecological quality and stability. This is also confirmed by the highest rate of originality of the species composition of Staphylinidae in these areas. The most similar in species composition are the rove beetle communities of meadows. The original fauna of rove beetles of Yavirnyk is represented by 25 species, and of Stinka by 19 species. Among the species of Staphylinidae, 18 occurred in all biotopes of the upper forest line, which is 19.8% of the total number of species found here. In terms of trophic specialization, predators that live in the forest floor, among remains of organic origin and in fungi predominate in all biotopes of the upper forest line (UFL). In terms of biotopic distribution, eurytopic species predominate.

The author of the article has studied the essence of the prosecutor’s activity as a subject of guaranteeing human rights in Ukraine. The peculiarities of the reform of the prosecutor’s office have been emphasized and its relationship with the activity of the prosecutor as a subject of guaranteeing human rights has been determined. A legal framework that regulates the activities of the prosecutor as a subject of guaranteeing human rights has been established. It has been concluded that the state and level of human and civil rights and fundamental freedoms depend on the normative regulation of the prosecutor’s activity as a subject of guaranteeing human rights in Ukraine, which is the cornerstone of Ukraine’s establishment as a state governed by the rule of law with observance of the rule of law. It is determined that the Prosecutor's Office has recently undergone numerous reforms and changes in its organizational, staffing, functional systems and practical activities to protect human and civil rights and freedoms. Such changes are due to a number of factors including: the need to improve the activities of prosecutors, bringing domestic legislation in line with the legislation of EU Member States, to review organizational and staffing systems that have proved to be ineffective, etc. Given the above, it should be noted that the prosecutor as a subject of guaranteeing human rights in Ukraine plays one of the main roles and occupies a prominent place in the human rights system in Ukraine, since he / she acts as a system of checks and balances for pre-trial investigation agencies that restrict human rights during various procedural actions. Thus, it can be stated that the prosecutor as a subject of guaranteeing human rights in Ukraine must take all necessary and possible measures to prevent any human rights violations, i.e. the creation of such conditions, when other public authorities will respect human rights, and in case of their violation – the prosecutor immediately responds to all such manifestations and takes measures to prevent violations of human rights and freedoms. It has been established that the powers of the prosecutor in the field of human rights protection should be considered as a further priority area of scientific research in regard to the current reform of the prosecutor's office in Ukraine.

Abstract 3D nano-architectures presents a new paradigm in modern condensed matter physics with numerous applications in photonics, biomedicine, and spintronics. They are promising for the realization of 3D magnetic nano-networks for ultra-fast and low-energy data storage. Frustration in these systems can lead to magnetic charges or magnetic monopoles, which can function as mobile, binary information carriers. However, Dirac strings in 2D artificial spin ices bind magnetic charges, while 3D dipolar counterparts require cryogenic temperatures for their stability. Here, we present a micromagnetic study of a highly frustrated 3D artificial spin ice harboring tension-free Dirac strings with unbound magnetic charges at room temperature. We use micromagnetic simulations to demonstrate that the mobility threshold for magnetic charges is by 2 eV lower than their unbinding energy. By applying global magnetic fields, we steer magnetic charges in a given direction omitting unintended switchings. The introduced system paves the way toward 3D magnetic networks for data transport and storage.

Inverse design is a recent development in photonics, where by locally controlling the refractive index in a matrix, nearly any information processing functionality can be achieved. Here, Wang et al. present a scheme for inverse design for spin-waves, magnons, which have a variety of unique advantages, such as short wavelength, and large non-linearity.

The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between milk indicators of dairy goats that are staying under heat stress with the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian steppe zone. The main research areas of animals’ reaction to temperature stress were monitoring their physiological state, changes in behavior and metabolism through the neuroendocrine mechanisms of their regulation, assessing the immune system functional state, the antioxidant defense system, and determining the activity of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. It is important to control the respiratory rate of animals, which becomes especially important when the air humidity is high and the reversal of the fat/protein ratio in milk is detected. It occurs under stressful conditions and significantly affects the technological properties of milk, especially in animals with high milk productivity. It is useful to provide goats after kidding with the opportunity to stay for a long time with an adequate photoperiod, this will affect the synthesis of prolactin and the level of milk yield at the peak of lactation. When feeding highly productive animals, it becomes important to regulate both the appetite of animals and the composition of the diet. This is important to prevent digestive disorders because the state of the ruminant stomach microbiota of the feed affects the synthesis of the constituent components of milk. When breeding, attention should be paid to multiple pregnancies, because the long-term effect of gonadotropins and other biologically active substances from the placenta affects the ability of females to produce greater milk secretion in the next lactation. According to the obtained results, staying in the transition zone according to the THI (more than 65) affected some of the chemical parameters of goat’s milk. In particular, there was a decrease in fat content, and therefore also the dry matter content and the fat/protein ratio, as well as urea, as one of the indicators of the rumen microbiota state. A significant increase in the number of somatic cells was observed almost three times, which confirms the presence of stress response from the mammary gland. For an objective assessment of the animals’ welfare state in terms of climatic conditions, it is advisable to use the definitions of the temperature-humidity index, and to confirm the stress response in dairy goats from any factor of keeping and feeding – laboratory determination of stress biomarkers in the composition of blood, milk, and urine.

Abstract The field of magnonics, which aims at using spin waves as carriers in data-processing devices, has attracted increasing interest in recent years. We present and study micromagnetically a nonlinear nanoscale magnonic ring resonator device for enabling implementations of magnonic logic gates and neuromorphic magnonic circuits. In the linear regime, this device efficiently suppresses spin-wave transmission using the phenomenon of critical resonant coupling, thus exhibiting the behavior of a notch filter. By increasing the spin-wave input power, the resonance frequency is shifted, leading to transmission curves, depending on the frequency, reminiscent of the activation functions of neurons, or showing the characteristics of a power limiter. An analytical theory is developed to describe the transmission curve of magnonic ring resonators in the linear and nonlinear regimes, and is validated by a comprehensive micromagnetic study. The proposed magnonic ring resonator provides a multi-functional nonlinear building block for unconventional magnonic circuits.

The author of the article studies international experience of the organization and activities of forensic institutions on the example of such countries as Germany, France, the Netherlands, Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. The legislative features of the functioning of forensic institutions and the regulation of the legal status of experts are noted. It is determined that regardless of the departmental subordination of forensic institutions, their activities are based on international standards. The author has identified a scientific novelty, which consists in the further development of the provisions obtained by scientists and scholars on the organizational structure and practical activities of forensic institutions both in Ukraine and abroad, as well as the formulation of new conceptual provisions, conclusions and propositions for improving regulation of forensic activity in Ukraine. The author of the article proves that the organization and activities of forensic institutions in France are based on national and international law regulating the specifics of forensic examinations and the legal status of the expert. The author concludes that forensic activities in Germany, France, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom are carried out effectively, and its legal regulation takes place without violation of human rights and freedoms in compliance with international rules and standards. Their legislation, which addresses the organization and operation of forensic institutions, is aimed at respecting the rights and freedoms of a man and citizen, protection of the rights and interests of forensic experts. The author of the article defines that the implementation of international norms and standards of organization and activity of forensic institutions brings expert institutions to a new level of functioning. This makes it possible to create an effective mechanism for the management and operation of forensic institutions and experts, which will determine the high requirements for forensic examination, increase the professional level and efficiency of employees of expert institutions, which can meet the needs of modern justice.

Hyperplastic processes of endometrium are one of the most common pathologies of the uterus mucosa, an interest in its study is due to an increase in the frequency of occurrence, the ability to both self-healing and malignancy. Purpose of the study: to investigate the detection rate of endometrial proliferative changes depending on the age of woman. Materials and methods. A retrospective medical documentation analysis of the Department of Pathology was conducted. 2196 pathologic findings of endometrial tissue samples were investigated. 1404 specimen were hyperplastic states, 688 were endometrial polyps, and 104 others were endometrial states after total or subtotal uterine removal after surgery. Histological conditions were distributed according to patients’ age categories. Results of the study were processed statistically using variation statistics with Student's criterion, using standard computer systems. Results. The analysis shows an increase in frequency of endometrial proliferative changes in perimenopausal patients on the background of endometrial pathological changes detection in all age categories. Atypical forms of simple and complex hyperplasia of the endometrium can be traced in all age categories, with a maximum frequency of manifestation in similar age-related periods – 41–45 years and 46–50 years. Morphological signs of endometrial tissue malignancy were first established in the age group of 46–50 years, which coincides with the age of the onset of menopause in the Odesa region, with subsequent relative increase in the frequency and aggressiveness of the process with age. These age groups focus doctors to be more careful about pathological manifestations. Conclusion. As a result of retrospective analysis of histopathological examinations it was found that the main factor in detecting pathological conditions of the endometrium is a woman's age of perimenopausal period, which can be considered as an early marker of diagnosis, leading to treatment prospects and general therapeutic tactics, for the future diagnostics and detection of others immunohistochemical and molecular genetic markers in women with hyperplastic processes in endometrial tissue.

The objective: to assess the effect of insulin resistance and hypoxia on the risk of endometrial hyperplasia development. The research was conducted on the base of Municipal Maternity House №5 (Odessa, Ukraine). The data obtained from the sample of 417 reproductive, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal age women who referred for medical care to the gynecological department, were analyzed. All the women under examination were carried out medical and diagnostic scraping of the uterine cavity. Results. The intensity of hypoxia increases with age and closely correlates (r=0,78) with the level of insulin resistance. IGF demonstrates reverse dynamics – its rates has been diminished with age (r=-0,63). Conclusion. It was demonstrated that insulin resistance and hypoxia play significant role in the pathogenesis of endometrial hyperplasia. Indices of IGF and HIF could be recommended as valuable biomarkers of prognosis in the case of endometrial hyperplasia.

Hormone-dependent diseases related to preproliferative processes and endometrial cancer have a clear tendency to increase and rejuvenate. The purpose: to study the expression of VEGF marker in endometrial cells under physiological, hyperplastic, atypical conditions in women’s different age periods. 2196 pathomorphological findings of endometrial tissue samples in women with clinical manifestations requiring surgical treatment have been analyzed. VEGF expression was performed in endometrial tissue samples of 458 women of late reproductive, perimenopausal and postmenopausal age. Each age category is characterized by its morphofunctional features of the endometrial tissue. Results. The frequency of detection of hyperplastic processes, atypical hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma indicates that starting from the period after 40 y.o. the mechanisms of initiation and development of factors in the system of self-sufficiency in mitogenic stimuli, constant proliferation and insensitivity to antimytogenic signals", loss of “Hayflick’s limit”, reduced ability to apoptosis, propensity to immortalization take place. Conclusion: The expression of VEGF concentration in endometrial tissue as an inducer of angiogenesis is increased in hyperplastic processes. Significant growth is observed in the processes of atypical hyperplasia, especially in the postmenopausal period. Determination of VEGF concentration in endometrial proliferative processes can be a promising marker for diagnosing the risk of atypical conditions and their prognosis. Research in this direction is quite relevant.

To realize ultra-fast dynamics of superconducting vortices one needs to overcome the practical issue of flux-flow instability (FFI). Here, Dobrovolskiy et al. demonstrate ultra-fast vortex motion at 10-15 km/s velocity in a Nb-C superconductor where the FFI is described by the edge-controlled FFI model.

Search for criminals becomes more difficult in modern conditions of continuous growth of the population of big urban centers and more and more frequent use of the latest achievements of science and technology by criminals for the realization of their purposes and for counteraction to law enforcement agencies. To increase the efficiency of the search for offenders it is necessary to introduce the latest technologies. Therefore, the systems of video recording and video surveillance, which currently operate in Ukraine and are one of the areas of using these technologies, have been studied. It has been noted that the installed CCTV cameras mostly work in manual mode. The employee of the information processing center must watch the video in order to gather evidence and search for suspects. It takes a lot of time and requires the involvement of a large number of staff, which makes the search for criminals and obtaining evidence from video surveillance systems ineffective. Tendencies in the development of intelligent video surveillance systems in developed countries have been analyzed. It has been found out that such countries (EU, USA, China, Russia) install modern “smart” CCTV cameras, the information from which is sent to modern situational centers, where it is processed by using artificial intelligence, neural networks and cloud infrastructure. Certain types of cameras even have the ability to independently process the received information. This makes it possible to perform biometric facial recognition, to detect behavioral abnormalities of suspects who intend to commit offenses; to record the appearance and disappearance of objects, to recognize the state car plates, to recognize their type, brand and color, to record the way of their movement, to carry out the analysis of these factors on the basis of these factors to search for suspects and cars in the city. Video surveillance centers, in particular within one of the most important areas of public safety – traffic safety – have the ability to recognize prohibited or atypical traffic, to capture the intersection of the restricted area or the intersection of the visual line, to respond to the passage of people in a given direction, to identify traffic conditions, to detect traffic density, congestion and mass congestion of vehicles, to respond to the appearance of people in the surveillance zone, etc. Based on the review of the experience of introduction and use of video surveillance systems in Ukraine and analysis of their development in developed countries, the authors have suggested the ways to modernize and further develop security systems in Ukraine by using CCTV cameras.

The relationships between the urea and other goat milk indicators levels at the beginning of lactation on intensive production and with a certain level of feeding were revealed. Due to the beneficial effects on human health, goat’s milk has found its niche in healthy foods’ assortment of developed countries. A sampling of milk has provided an opportunity to identify the characteristics of the goat milk’s physicochemical composition at the beginning of lactation (the first week, the first and second months after parturition). Evaluation of the goat milk quality has high economic importance, especially protein and fat content, on which the volume of produced cheese depends. The milk urea content was 20.93 ± 8.8 mg/dl, the fluctuations at the end of the first week were 10.57 ± 5.78 mg/dl, and the second month of lactation was 25.08 ± 3.17 mg/dl. A correlation was observed between this indicator and the content of fat (r = -0.62), protein (r = -0.76), dry matter (r = -0.72), milk solids-non-fat (r = -0.75) and the milk freezing point (r = -0.79). Thus, these results differ from the data of other researchers conducted with milk and obtained in other lactation periods, when these dependencies were already offset by the influence of other factors. The level of fat averaged 4.77 ± 1.43%, protein 3.61 ± 0.98%, fat / protein ratio was 1.34 ± 0.27. At the end of the first week, level of fat was 5.86 + 1.73%, protein 4.65 ± 0.91%, fat / protein ratio 1.26 ± 0.28, and in the second month of lactation 4.40 ± 1.10%, 3.07 ± 0.51% and 1.43 ± 0.24, respectively. This is probably connected with a gradual transition to the production of more diluted milk after an early lactation period. But the fat and protein ratio characterizes the gradual improvement in the milk technological properties. The lactose level averaged 4.26 ± 0.22%, it varied from 4.25 ± 0.19% at the end of the first week, to 4.39 ± 0.19% at the second-month lactation. In our work, we obtained fluctuations in the number of somatic cells 3312 ± 5579 thousand/ml with very significant fluctuations in individual animals in the absence of any pathological clinical signs. Significant differences with the data from other works are probably due to the early lactation period of our animals. The solids’ content in the milk averaged 13.73 ± 2.41%, milk solids-non-fat 8.94 ± 1.11%, the freezing point or mild depression was 0.563 ± 0.029 ° C. At the end of the first week, these indicators were 15,98 ± 2.44%, 10.11 ± 0.91% and -0.593 ± 0.020 °C, and in the second month of lactation 12.89 ± 1.74%, 8.47 ± 0.75% and -0.555 ± 0.025 °C, respectively.

The role and place of higher specialized courts in the judicial system of Ukraine have been studied and determined. The author has studied such main categories as “judicial system of Ukraine”, “judiciary”, “judicial system” and “judicial power”. The judicial system of Ukraine has been established. The normative and legal base of functioning of highest specialized courts of Ukraine has been characterized. The author has provided own definition of the categories “judicial system of Ukraine” and “judicial power of Ukraine”. The author has offered to understand the category of “judicial system of Ukraine” as the totality of all hierarchically structured elements of the system (courts), which are endowed with exclusive competence to administer justice, built on the principles of territoriality and specialization, are defined by law and united by general principles of their organization and activity. In turn, the concept of “judicial power of Ukraine” is defined as the activity of courts (judicial system) to administer justice and to perform their professional duties within the limits and in the manner prescribed by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine in accordance with international and legal documents. It has been determined that highest specialized courts in the judicial system of Ukraine are the Supreme Court on Intellectual Property Issues and the Supreme Anti-Corruption Court. It has been concluded that highest specialized courts in the judicial system of Ukraine play an important role in the holistic mechanism of the entire judicial system, since they are endowed with exclusive competence to consider and decide cases on the merits of certain categories, and their activities are determined at the level of a separate regulatory act, which determines their legal status, and hence their place in the judicial system of Ukraine.

The existence of a clear tendency to increase the prevalence of hormone-dependent diseases and endometrial cancer against the background of increasing the frequency of their occurrence and rejuvenation of the age of manifestation leads to the search for new possible markers of diagnosis and prognosis of the development of pathological process. Angiogenesis is one of the forms that lead to the formation of new blood vessels, with an increased metabolic need for perfusion of existing vessels. The vascular endothelial growth factor family (VEGF) is a protein that is the major inducer of angiogenesis. The objective: To study the expression of VEGF in endometrial cells in proliferative, hyperplastic, atrophic states at women’s different ages. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of the pathohistological bureau for the period 2014-2016 was conducted. 2196 pathomorphological findings of endometrial tissue specimens have been examined. Estimation of VEGF expression was performed in 417 endometrial specimens, in the cohorts of the study: in the reproductive, perimenopausal, postmenopausal periods, respectively, in groups with physiological endometrial proliferation phase, hyperplastic, atypical, atrophic endometrium. The results were statistically processed. Results and discussion. Analyzing the data presented, higher VEGF expression was detected in atypical hyperplasia in all age categories, but it was likely that higher rates were established in the postmenopausal period, with atypical endometrial hyperplasia, suggesting physicians' alertness to the process in this category. Probably low were indexes found at atrophic endometrium in this age category, which confirms the endometrial preservation of its growth factors, and in the presence of processes that stimulate the proliferation of the organ, they can trigger at the molecular-genetic level, neoplastic mechanisms. The data of the retrospective analysis confirm the growth of atypical form of hyperplastic processes and their maximum detection in the age categories 41 - 45 and 46 - 50 years old, and the beginning of detection of endometrial malignancy from the age of 46 - 50 years old, with a gradual increase with age. Conclusions. Expression of VEGF level in endometrial tissue cells as an inducer of angiogenesis can be a promising marker for the diagnosis of the risk of proliferative conditions and their prognosis, especially in relation to other markers characterizing immunohistochemical and molecular genetic cellular parameters.

The current state of activity of the Armed Forces of the Baltic States such as Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia has been studied. The experience of the Armed Forces of these countries in ensuring collective defense, security and peace in accordance with NATO standards has been analyzed. It is stated that the National Armed Forces of the Republic of Latvia is a group of troops intended to protect the fundamental freedoms, independence and territorial integrity of the state. It’s a part of the Ministry of Defence of Latvia. It is emphasized that the Armed Forces of the Republic of Lithuania are a state military organization whose purpose is to protect the territorial integrity and inviolability of the state. It is a structural unit of the Ministry of National Defence Republic of Lithuania. It is noted that the Armed Forces of Estonia (Defence Forces) is a military organized unit of the Executive authority, which is headed by the government of the Republic and the Ministry of Defence of Estonia. It is stated that the activities of the Armed Forces of the Baltic States are carried out on the principle of collective defence of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which task is to protect the member States from military threat. Based on the analyzed experience of the Baltic States’ Armed Forces, it has been concluded that the effective functioning and activities of the Armed Forces depends on a clear definition of the main priorities in the field of defenсe, chains of international community and valid logistical support. It is noted about the possible implementation of certain positive provisions regarding the transformation about the integrated leadership system of the defenсe forces and military management in the Armed Forces in accordance with NATO standards and the provision of advisory assistance.

The purpose of the work was to determine the performance of goat milk in smallholder production in optimal climatic conditions of the Donetsk-Dnipro region of the Left Bank province of the natural-agricultural zone of the Steppe of Ukraine. According to the definition of the temperature - humidity index, the climate acceptable for goats is observed in April. Mean values and standard deviations of physico-chemical parameters of milk were found in local goats at lactation: fat 4.32 ± 1.25%, protein 3.22 ± 0.24%, lactose 4.78 ± 0.37%, fat ratio / protein 1.35 ± 0.42, milk solids-not-fat 8.67 ± 0.65%, density 29 ± 300A, freezing point -0.567 ± -0.0390C, electrical conductivity 4.49 ± 0.47 mS / cm, pH 6, 73 ± 0.09, acidity 15.7 ± 1.90T. At the peak of the lactation curves, local goats showed a decrease in protein and lactose content, instead of an increase in fat. The expressiveness of such a disproportion was manifested in the dynamics of the values of the ratio of fat / protein, milk solids-not-fat and milk density. Therefore, during the first 2-3 months of lactation, when milk is actually the only source of nutrients for plastic and energy metabolism for goatlings, the concentration of lactose and protein is high. At the age of 3–4 months goatlings have to satisfy most of their needs due to their own search for feed, which is why the composition of goat's milk reflects this process of formation of the young's animal digestive system. The decrease in milk depression (higher freezing point) during the lactation peak probably reflects a change in the total concentration of osmotically active substances, especially lactose, at this time. The gradual increase in the electrical conductivity of milk throughout the lactation is caused by the accumulation of electrolytes coming from the blood of animals. In fact, the stable pH and acidity of milk confirm the high resistance of local animals to breast diseases, especially subclinical mastitis caused by technological stress on animals under conditions of intensive production technology. The presence of 87 % of the population of goats both in Dnipropetrovsk region and in Ukraine as a whole means that it will remain important for a long time to ensure the proper level of servicing of small cattle in individual peasant farms rather than in specialized enterprises.

We have studied the chemical composition and antibacterial profile of ethanolic extract of Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) on strains of microorganisms in vitro. Analysis using GC-MS showed 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (36.6%), D-sucrose (23.2%), sorbitol (6.7%), palmitic acid β-monoglyceride (5.6%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde (3.5%) and β-D-glucopyranose (3.3%) as the major components of the title extract. The experiment revealed a positive antibacterial effect of extracts obtained from P. granatum on 14 strains specifically Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aegorenеs, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumonia), Listeriaceae (Listeria ivanovi, L. іnnocua, L. monocytogenes) and yeasts from the family Saccharomycetaceae (Candida albicans). Our study showed that in many cases these extracts more intensively affect multi-resistant strains of microorganisms than macrolide antibiotic azithromycin and is therefore a source of molecules to be exploited in medicine or by the pharmaceutical industry. The investigated extracts of P. granatum can be recommended for further in-depth research against poly-resistant strains of the above-mentioned microorganisms. Effective drugs perform a leading role in providing stable veterinary well-being of livestock and healthcare of the population. The present study showed that the studied plant species more intensively affects multi-resistant strains of microorganisms than sodium salt of azithromycin. Lethal concentration (LC50) of ethanol extract from pomegranate for Paramecium caudatum Ehr. equaled 0.3%. Death of 100% of nematode larvae of Strongyloides papillosus (Ihle) was recorded during 24 h exposition in 20% extract of P. granatum peel.

Non-verbal speech is a kind of metaphorical colouring of verbal language as it can give the language rich emotional substance as well as to pass the information that word function is not able to give. The metaphor is reflected not only in language but also in thinking and acting. The determination of gesture as the first metaphor is actual in the process of studying the non-verbal language meaning and role in culture, communication and self-knowledge. The metaphor predestination expressed via the gesture or body language consists in transition the hidden internal content of information. Gesture as the first metaphor equivalent creates the effect of maximum presence. Such gestures can be called ontological that means transferring the sense and meaning of event and entitled to be brightly emotionally coloured that makes them universal and clear for any language culture representative. Equivalent gestures are the reflection of that first natural language first people talked before the verbal language barrier appeared. The metaphorical gesture as the most important element of somatic language becomes the important factor in the process of communication allowing to understand the inner spiritual world of communicator. Gesture basis as the first metaphor is the archaic conscience. Gesture as the conscience of the first metaphor allows to discover the psychological and biological elements of anthropology. The body language was the natural language of communication. Imitating the nature and many natural phenomena the human being was understood by all his tribe members. Codified gesticulation as the prototype of metaphorical somatic language is imprinted in painting where artist by means of portrayed gestures transferred not only the human being spiritual state but also the spirit of the age. The gesture metaphoric is inherent in national culture. Knowing the national character it is not difficult to recognize the ethnical origin of communicator via gesture communication. The national metaphoric of gesture language is attributed to historic and cultural processes which determine the worldview and communication style. However in case of body and gesture language expression in national character their culture conditionality and dissimilarity should be pointed out. The gesture basic purpose in communication is the manifestation and presentation of human being inner world and spiritual condition. One of gesture functions as the first metaphor is its symbolism. The gesture language semiology is present in different spheres of communicative process: from the professional gestures symbols up to domestic ceremonial esthetics. Gestures-symbols are divided into universal for all the cultures and specific ones which are understood only by certain subculture as the language of hidden information. Gesture as the first metaphor serves to universalization of non-verbal communication and encourages the communication enriching and gives it colouring, emotionality and the unity of perception of transmitted information.

We conducted a comparative analysis of the impact of disinfecting preparations on the cryogenic stains of microorganisms, and also on Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803), invasive larvae of the ruminants. To test the preparations for disinfection, we used laboratory analyses with methods of biotesting, particularly with the use of Paramecium caudatum Her., Tetrahymena pyriformis Ehrenberg. We researched mixtures of substances: alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (C24H42IN, BAK, mixture of homologues alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and with n-C12H25, n-C14H29 and n-C16H33), didecyldimethylammonium Chloride (DDAC, C22H48ClN) and glutaraldehyde (C5H8O2); formaldehyde (CH2O), alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and glutaraldehyde in 1% have bactericidal properties for the following cryogenic strains of microorganisms: Staphylococcus аureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Serracia marcescens, Pseudomonas аeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Yersinia enterocolitica. The Bacillus сereus were affected by the preparations bacteriostatically: we observed growth in the colonies in the medium with addition of 1% solution of mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride, and also 1%, 5% and 10% of solution of mixture of glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride. Also, these mixtures of substances have nematocidal properties. Death of 100% of L3 H. contortus after 24 hour exposure was observed with use of 1% solution of mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride, and also 5% glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride. Effective disinfection measures perform a leading role in providing stable veterinary well-being of livestock and healthcare of the population. Maximum toxicity during usage of the mixtures on P. caudatum was observed for the mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride, and also for formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. The lowest toxicity for T. pyriformis was observed with use of the mixture of glutaraldehyde, sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and oleum terebinthini, and also the mixture of formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, the highest formaldehyde and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride. Thus, the most promising mixtures for use in veterinary medicine were determined to the following: alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride, didecyldimethylammonium chloride and glutaraldehyde, and also formaldehyde, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and glutaraldehyde.

In this paper, the dissociation constants (pKa) of some nitrogen-containing organic bases (aniline, pyridine and octylamine) in water-ethanol and water-acetone media at various concentrations of organic solvent in the system has been determined by the potentiometric titration method. It was established that the value of pKa of nitrogen-containing organic bases in aqueous-organic media naturally decreases with increasing content of organic solvent in the system. It was shown that their nature (aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic) and the physicochemical properties of the medium are significantly influenced by the nature and degree of change in the electron donor ability of the nitrogen-containing organic bases studied. It was noted that for aniline in water-ethanol solutions in the transition from water to an organic solvent, the value of pKa does not change much (ΔpKa = 0,9), while for pyridine and octylamine these changes are significant, and the values of ΔpKa are 2,9 and 1,7, respectively, which can be explained by the specific solvation of the aniline amino group with ethanol. In the case of water-acetone solutions, the behavior of the nitrogen-containing organic bases was studied generally similar, and the values of ΔpKa are within the range of 1,7-2,6. It was established that the dependence of the values of pKa of nitrogen-containing organic bases on the inverse of the dielectric constant of water-ethanol and water-acetone solutions tends to be linear, consistent with Izmailov’s theory. Thus, we can conclude that the change in the ratio of the mixed solvent components and, as a result, in general, dielectric permeability of the medium does not lead to a significant change in the solvation characteristics of the nitrogencontaining organic bases studied.

Abstract Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was the predominant leukemia in a recent study of Chornobyl cleanup workers from Ukraine exposed to radiation (UR-CLL). Radiation risks of CLL significantly increased with increasing bone marrow radiation doses. Current analysis aimed to clarify whether the increased risks were due to radiation or to genetic mutations in the Ukrainian population. Methods A detailed characterization of the genomic landscape was performed in a unique sample of 16 UR-CLL patients and age- and sex-matched unexposed general population Ukrainian-CLL (UN-CLL) and Western-CLL (W-CLL) patients (n = 28 and 100, respectively). Results Mutations in telomere-maintenance pathway genes POT1 and ATM were more frequent in UR-CLL compared to UN-CLL and W-CLL (both p

Aging and apoptosis are two mechanisms of a powerful anti - cancer defense. The apoptosis inhibitor is Bcl-2 gene. It expresses in transformed cells, blocks programmed death, promotes the survival of malignant ones. Under experimental conditions, when the Bcl-2 gene was transfected into the endothelial aging cells of mice, there was a decrease in mitochondrial oxidative stress, renewal of the potential of mitochondrial membranes, and improvement of angiogenesis. The objective: to study the expression of the Bcl-2 marker and telomerase activity in endometrial tissue with hyperplasia. Materials and methods. The endometrial tissue samples: 54 with hyperplastic process and 14 patients with a biphasic menstrual ovulatory cycle. Immunohistochemical reactions, real-time PCR with SYBR Green (RQ-TRAP) dye by Wege et al. In endometrial cells with complex non-atypical hyperplasia take place initial disturbances in the processes of programmed cellular death. In complex hyperplasia with atypia in endometrial cells there is inhibition of apoptosis, which can be regarded as a trigger mechanism in the development of cellular atypia. The statistically significant parallelism between the processes of telomerase reactivation in endometrial cells at complex atypical hyperplasia and the existence of telomerase activity in 85% of tumors allows to appraise it as a predictor of oncological process.

Abstract Background Ionizing radiation is a well-known carcinogen. Chromosome aberrations, and in particular micronuclei represent an early biological predictor of cancer risk. There are well-documented associations of micronuclei with ionizing radiation dose in some radiation-exposed groups, although not all. That associations are not seen in all radiation-exposed groups may be because cells with micronuclei will not generally pass through mitosis, so that radiation-induced micronuclei decay, generally within a few years after exposure. Methods Buccal samples from a group of 111 male workers in Ukraine exposed to ionizing radiation during the cleanup activities at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant were studied. Samples were taken between 12 and 18 years after their last radiation exposure from the Chornobyl cleanup. The frequency of binucleated micronuclei was analyzed in relation to estimated bone marrow dose from the cleanup activities along with a number of environmental/occupational risk factors using Poisson regression adjusted for overdispersion. Results Among the 105 persons without a previous cancer diagnosis, the mean Chornobyl-related dose was 59.5 mSv (range 0–748.4 mSv). There was a borderline significant increase in micronuclei frequency among those reporting work as an industrial radiographer compared with all others, with a relative risk of 6.19 (95% CI 0.90, 31.08, 2-sided p = 0.0729), although this was based on a single person. There was a borderline significant positive radiation dose response for micronuclei frequency with increase in micronuclei per 1000 scored cells per Gy of 3.03 (95% CI -0.78, 7.65, 2-sided p = 0.1170), and a borderline significant reduction of excess relative MN prevalence with increasing time since last exposure (p = 0.0949). There was a significant (p = 0.0388) reduction in MN prevalence associated with bone X-ray exposure, but no significant trend (p = 0.3845) of MN prevalence with numbers of bone X-ray procedures. Conclusions There are indications of increasing trends of micronuclei prevalence with Chornobyl-cleanup-associated dose, and indications of reduction in radiation-associated excess prevalence of micronuclei with time after exposure. There are also indications of substantially increased micronuclei associated with work as an industrial radiographer. This analysis adds to the understanding of the long-term effects of low-dose radiation exposures on relevant cellular structures and methods appropriate for long-term radiation biodosimetry.

Chumak Z. V., Zelinsky A. A., Shapoval N. V. Possible mechanisms of daylight duration and frequency of endometrium hyperplasia development. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(1):449-459. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.293055 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4274 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 754 (09.12.2016). 754 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.01.2017. Revised 16.01.2017. Accepted: 24.01.2017. POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF DAYLIGHT DURATION AND FREQUENCY OF ENDOMETRIUM HYPERPLASIA DEVELOPMENT Z. V. Chumak2, A. A. Zelinsky1, N. V. Shapoval1 1Odessa National Medical University 2Odessa Municipal Centre for Menopause Problems nymba@mail.ru Summary The objective: to learn correlation of daylight duration and frequency of endometrium proliferous processes development. Retrospective analysis of case histories, patients’ histological journals with pathologically verified diagnosis of endometrium proliferous processes have been analyzed. All the patients referred to the clinics of the 5th maternity house at 2011-2014. The following groups were formed: hyperplasia of endometrium - simple complex hyperplasia without atypia; atypical hyperplasia of endometrium- simple complex hyperplasia with atypia; polyps of endometrium; adenocarcinoma. At the comparison of the daylight mean duration and frequency of proliferation atypical forms the instability between the parameters under study has been revealed. Comparison of the real levels of melatonin secretion at day and night time, mean duration of the daylight and frequency of endometrium’s proliferation show the presence of a hidden correlation at the condition of different statistical models of mathematical processing of the data use. Key words: pineal gland, melatonin, hyperplasia of endometrium, biological rhythm, proliferation.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-021-00497-6

Specific antibodies produced against a protein of interest are invaluable tools for monitoring the protein structure, intracellular location and biological activity. Inoculation of murine lymphoma cells into the peritoneal cavity of immunized mice provides generation of ascitic fluid containing a significant amount of antibody with desired antigen specificity. Here we demonstrated that the intraperitoneal administration of murine lymphoma NK/Ly cells in mice immunized with 48 kDa isoform of human blood serum unconventional myosin 1c leads to generation of ascitic fluid that contained specific IgG-antibodies. These antibodies were capable of binding of the unconventional myosin 1c isolated from blood serum of patients with multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosis, and could be used for diagnostics of several autoimmune diseases, the multiple sclerosis in particular.

It is shown that the magnetodynamic treatment implemented under the conditions of a rotating electromagnetic field is a kind of the dynamic methods of hardening free-moving indenters by the convection flows. It is proposed to use analytic dependences obtained by the approximation of the test data of effect of the surface plastic deformation (SPD) dynamic methods on the component hardened layer quality to evaluate quality parameters of the surface layer formed under the magnetodynamic processing. The resulting expression describing the experimentally established fact that the main contribution to the formation of the quality parameters of the hardened layer is made by the initial continuous coating of the treated surface with plastic prints is obtained. An analytical functional model establishing the surface layer quality parameters behavior depending on the multiplicity of covering the surface by the shock-pulse impact of the free-moving indenters is proposed. A comparative analysis of the experimental data obtained in the process of the magneto-dynamic processing with the calculated ones shows the applicability of the proposed models for predicting quality parameters of the hardened surface layer.

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The dynamic model of arising and evolution of a solar active region (AR) is proposed. The model realizes diffuse aggregation process of magnetic flux tubes (MFT) in upper levels of the Sun convective zone. Equations of MFT motions subjecting to action of hydrodynamic, magnetic and random forces are discussed. Simulations of MFT diffuse aggregation process based on the equations of MFT motions have been realized. As the result we have received a number of MFT clusters of various sizes and complexity in dependence of initial conditions and values of the model parameters. These results have been compared with observational data. The model has five free parameters: h - typical size of an AR, N - number of MFT, a - typical radius of MFT, d - average magnitude of velocity vector of their random moving, k - ratio of magnitude of vector magnitude of toroidal MFT field to poloidal one. Values of poloidal field of all MFT were let to be equal and constant. Variation of these parameters results in arising of MFT clusters of various types, and, accordingly, to various values of fractal, informational and correlation dimensions of the resulting magnetic field. Parameters of the model have been selected in such a way that all three of the dimensions correspond to observed ones in real ARs. As an example, for AO 10488, which arisen and developed into complete con- figuration near central meridian, there was shown that good numerical correspondence among the mentioned scaling properties is observed under the next value of the free parameters of model: h ≈ 150Mm, N from 50 to 300, for various time of evolution, a ≈ 300km; d ≈ 20km/c, k ≈ 0.01. Variations of the free model parameters in physical reasonable limits allow getting all magnetic and morphological types of ARs. It is shown, that the simulation results correspond to observational data, confirm and define more exactly the base points of Parker's 'spaghetti' model.

%B It is shown that there are certain rules which connect a height of previous solar activity cycle with the entropy of the next one. For even and odd cycles these rules are asymmetrical. So if it is known height of the previous cycle one can make estimation for entropy of the next one according to one of these rules. It has been shown also, that entropy (ES) of a cycle has good correlation with its height. On the other hand height of a cycle (Wmax) correlates with duration of its rise branch (Waldmeier's rule), and it allows to get the estimation of epoch of maximum (Tmax) of future cycle. Epignosis shows that the reliability of such forecasts is about 83%. Below we present the values of main parameters of future 24 cycle obtained according to these rules: Shannon's entropy ES = 5.0 ± 0.2; height of the cycle Wmax = 95± 20 (in monthly Wolf numbers); duration of arise branch Ta = 4.5 ± 0.5 years; epoch of the cycle maximum Tmax = 2012.25 ± 0.5 year. Full version of the paper is prepared to be published in Solar System Research.

Compounds on the basis of 4-thiazolidinone and its isatin-containing derivatives are characterized by a broad spectrum of biological activities and are potential antineoplastic agents. We have shown that the combination of 4-thiazolidinone and isatine (1H-indole-2,3-dione) in one molecule enhances the cytotoxic action of novel compounds towards lukemic and carcinoma cells in vitro. The level of cytotoxic action of ID-3833, ID-4522, ID-4523, ID-4524, ID-4525, ID-4526, ID-4527 compounds strongly depends on the presence of a halogen in the 5th position of the indoline moiety and the type of the atom (chlorine or bromine) in the aryl groups in the 3rd and 5th positions in pyrazoline moiety. Compound ID-3833 demonstrates the highest activity, which can be associated with the presence of bromine in the 5th position of indoline and 4-methoxyphenyl in the 5th position of pyrazoline and naphthyl in the 3rd position of pyrazoline. ID-4524 compound, whose molecule contains 5-bromindoline and two para-chlorophenyl groups also possessed high cytotoxic effect towards tumor cells. At the same time, ID-4522 compound was found to possess the lowest cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells. Like ID-4524 compound, it is characterized by the presence of two para-chlorophenyl groups in 3rd and 5th position of pyrazoline in isatin-pyrazoline-thiazolidinonr system, but it does not contain halogen in the 5th position of the indoline moiety. Thus, cytotoxic effect of isatin-containing 4-thiazolidinones mostly depends on the presence of halogen in the 5th position of the indoline, and the type of halogen in the 3rd and 5th position of the aryl groups of pirazoline cycle. All of these substances induce apoptosis in tumor cells. It has been shown that the ID-3833 substance induces apoptosis of mixed type, which includes the ER stress and mitochondrial apoptosis. The identified structure-functional relationships of 4-thiazolidones will be of high importance for further enhancement of their antineoplastic activity towards tumor cells.