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Background: Social media has fostered a landscape where trends, ideals, and beauty standards have significantly proliferated. Images of flawless skin, sculpted features, and curated aesthetics inundate user feeds, potentially shaping their self‐perceptions and aspirations. The rise of influencers, dermatologist social media engagement, and beauty campaigns sharing skincare routines and product recommendations wield substantial influence over individual appearance‐related decisions. Aims: The main aim of this study is to determine the pattern of behavior in using social media to seek dermatological procedures and skin care routine. Methods: We conducted a nationwide, online cross‐sectional study targeting the general Saudi population. Our survey aimed to understand participant social media behaviors and gather insights into skincare products, cosmetic procedures, and makeup habits. Results: Gender‐related differences emerged in seeking skincare advice. Females preferred dermatologists on social media (p < 0.001) and beauty influencers (p < 0.001), whereas men leaned towards pharmacists (p < 0.001). Women displayed stronger engagement with dermatologist social media reputation regarding non‐cosmetic concerns (p < 0.001), education (p < 0.001), and social media impact on cosmetic decisions (p = 0.001). They frequently sought dermatologists on social media before appointments (p = 0.001), whereas men emphasized dermatologists' fame (p = 0.024). Common cosmetic barriers included high costs (62.5%), complications (40.3%), and trust issues (40.2%). Women underwent various cosmetic procedures (p < 0.05), influenced by social media in their decisions and skincare routines. Conclusions: Our study reveals significant gender‐based disparities in seeking skincare advice. Women rely on social media, clinics, friends, and beauty influencers, whereas men prefer pharmacists. Additionally, women depend on dermatologists' social media reputation and conduct thorough pre‐appointment research. Their heightened social media engagement links to skincare practices and influences cosmetic procedure considerations based on age and usage frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the literature review on the correction of age-related skin changes in women. Skin aging is a physiological process that is caused by the constant action of unmodified factors, for example, endocrine disorders, shortening of telomeres, etc., in combination with periodic influence of modified (exposomal) factors. Ultraviolet radiation takes first place among external factors affecting the progression of degenerative changes in skin, however, in women, involutional changes in skin are primarily associated with a fading of synthetic function of ovaries. During the first five years from the onset of menopause, content of collagen fibers I and III types is reduced by 30% in combination with a further reduction of 2% annually for the next 15 years. Involutive transformations occur in all layers of skin and are visually characterized by the presence of wrinkles, roughness of the epidermal surface (with photoaging) or a decrease in its thickness (with chronic aging), dryness, pigmentation disorders in the form of uneven hyperpigmented spots, telangiectasias, oval deformations. Today, there are many methods of aesthetic correction of age-related skin changes. In the arsenal of a cosmetologist there are both invasive (PRP-therapy, microneedling, microneedle radio wave lifting, administration of preparations based on calcium hydroxyapatite, polylactic and hyaluronic acid, etc.) and minimally invasive (administration of botulinum neuroprotein, application of chemical acid peelings, IPL-therapy and laser polishing, photodynamic therapy) methods. Patients prefer minimally traumatic procedures due to the fact that they almost do not disturb the processes of socialization, however, each of these methods has both advantages and disadvantages. Modification of a woman life quality in peri- and menopause in form of changes in lifestyle and eating behavior, increasing physical activity, quitting smoking and limiting the use of alcoholic beverages is an integral part of therapeutic care. However, the appointment of menopausal hormonal therapy, including the use of estrogens, progestogens and combined hormonal drugs, allows to achieve a stable and long-lasting effect from cosmetology procedures and home care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hand eczema is frequent among hairdressers. The aim of this open survey was (i) to assess the prevalence and identify causing factors of hand issues encountered by hairdressers and (ii) to assess the benefit of a cosmetic skin care in clinical signs and symptoms through a clinical observational survey. Methods: The survey was conducted among 391 hairdressers and hairdresser-related professionals, collecting information on frequency of daily procedures, frequency/type/severity of hand issues, and glove usage. The satisfaction provided by a dermocosmetic containing niacinamide, glycerin, shea butter and thermal spring water was examined in an evaluation visit one month after survey initiation. Results: Investigated subjects were mostly hairdressers (73%). In their daily procedures, a majority (≥ 76%) always or often used shampoos, hair dyes, oxidants, bleachers, straighteners and perms. Overall, a majority (> 60%) of subjects always or often had hand irritation due to this use (except for straighteners). Most subjects (≥ 60%) reported using gloves in their procedures except with shampoos and straighteners. Among hand problems reported at survey initiation, the most intense was skin dryness, followed by redness, irritation, cracks, and fissures. Hand problems induced annoyance in their activities for most subjects (> 65%), leading to discontinuation of their professional activities for 28% subjects. The test dermocosmetic was applied for 1 week up to 1 month. At evaluation visit (1 month), the intensity of all hand signs and symptoms was decreased compared to initiation visit. In addition, 58.3% subjects reported return to professional activities instantly at evaluation visit versus 31.3% at initial visit. Most subjects (≥ 73%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the test cream properties. Conclusion: Our survey confirms the impact of hand issues experienced by hairdresser professionals and highlights the need for gloves and for efficient hand care products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The ichthyoses are a group of genetic skin disorders, characterized by excessive amounts of dry, thickened skin, which may be fragile, inelastic and prone to fissures and infection. Skin care is time consuming and demanding, and, usually performed by the parents. Methods: We aimed to explore parental experience of caring for a child with ichthyosis, and collected data using semistructured interview, and thematic analysis. Results: Our analysis revealed four main themes: Parents' and others' reactions to the child's difference, Experiences with healthcare services, It's all skin care, and Impact on relationships. Conclusion: After birth of a child with severe ichthyosis, the parents experienced emotional distress and stigmatization due to the different appearance of the skin and healthcare professionals' lack of knowledge. Skin care caused pain in the child, was time consuming, and caused financial burdens. This study can guide healthcare professionals on where to focus future efforts in meeting the clinical and psychological needs of parents caring for a child with ichthyosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the literature, professions that impose body standards for daily performance are designated as non-conventional professions (i.e. models, athletes, ballet dancers), with great emphasis on the female population. More than a job, it becomes a lifestyle to those inserted in this environment, thus, thousands of children and adolescents seek inclusion and success in these professions due to financial and media gains. Such professions are associated with several health-related risk factors. The purpose of this study was to identify and compare among physical fitness levels, cardiometabolic health markers, mental health and dietary habits in non-conventional professions.Methods: The sample consisted of 41 female individuals aged between 14 and 24 years, allocated into four groups, control group composed by university students (UG = 11), models (MG = 11), ballet dancers (BG = 11), and athletes' group (AG = 8). Physical fitness outcomes (cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, maximal dynamic strength, muscular endurance and body composition); biochemical outcomes (high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], total cholesterol [TC], fasting glucose [FG], fasting insulin [FI], C-reactive protein [CRP]), diet quality and mental health were evaluated.Results: No impairments were observed in the health markers evaluated among groups, both for health-related physical fitness and biochemical outcomes. However, low levels of bone mineral density (BMD) were observed. Even with statistically significant differences between the groups for chronological age (p = 0.002), menarche (p = 0.004), career length (p = 0.001), height (p = 0.001), body mass index (p = 0.018), waist-to-height ratio (p < 0.001), %Fat (p = 0.020), VO2peak (p = 0.020), maximal dynamic strength of knee extensors (p = 0.031) and elbow flexors (p = 0,001) and flexibility (p < 0.001), all these values are within the normal range for health.Conclusion: The professions analyzed do not seem to interfere in the physical fitness and cardiometabolic health of the girls assessed. However, we identified that exposure to these profession can impair mental health (depressive symptoms in 100% of participants) and body composition (BMD 63% of participants). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to explore the attitude of Pakistani men towards grooming products. Pakistan is a patriarchal society where male chauvinism and machoism are usually considered attributes of males and beautification and using grooming products is the women-related attribute. In this scenario the males who intend to use grooming products usually face criticism. The current study was conducted to explore the trends of using grooming products in males. 370 urban men (professionals and students from single-sex and coeducation universities) were recruited to know their perceptions about grooming products. The age range of the sample spanned 13 to 39 years, where a majority (n = 305) of the participants used grooming products daily while others do not (n = 65). Attitude towards grooming was measured by Grooming Products Scale (ATGPS), followed by a questionnaire on Skin Care Products, and Macho Scale. The scales were used in the English language. F statistics indicated significant influence of groups of students and professionals, age, and metrosexuality on the use of grooming products whereas Regression analysis indicated that personal factors (physical attractiveness, aging & self-image) and socio-cultural factors (lifestyle), and marital status were the most significant predictors of men's attitude towards grooming products' consumption whereas socio-economic status remained nonsignificant predictor. The study helps establish normality for the use of grooming products in males and has implications for youngsters who want to use grooming products. Further, it reflects the change in hypermasculine attributes in educated young urban males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-myofascial release is an emerging technique in strength and conditioning. Yet, there is no consensus regarding optimal practice guidelines. Here, we investigated the acute effects of various foam rolling interventions targeting quadriceps muscles, with or without sliding pressures. Methods: We conducted a blinded randomized control pilot trial in 42 healthy weightlifting athletes over 4 weeks. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the four intervention (120 s massage routine) groups: foam rolling, roller massager, foam rolling with axial sliding pressures, foam rolling with transverse sliding pressures. Knee range of motion, skin temperature and subjective scores of the perceived heat, range of motion, muscle pain and relaxation were the dependent variables. Measurements were carried on before, after and up to 15 min (follow-up) after the massage intervention. Results: The range of motion increased immediately after the various foam rolling interventions (+ 10.72%, 95% CI 9.51 to 11.95, p < 0.001), but progressively returned back to the pre-intervention baseline along within the 15 min post-intervention. Foam rolling was the most effective intervention to increase skin temperature from thermographic measures (+ 14.06%, 95% CI 10.97 to 17.10, p < 0.001), while the increase in perceived heat was comparable in all experimental groups (107%, 95% CI 91.08 to 122.61, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Subjective indexes of heat, range of motion, muscle pain and relaxation improved immediately after the intervention, but also gradually returned to the pre-intervention baseline. Overall, combining foam rolling with sliding pressures did not yield additional benefits from objective measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To find thresholds at which laypersons and dental professionals perceive abnormalities in two facial frontal esthetics variables: facial symmetry and vertical harmony. Materials and Methods. A baseline frontal image of a young male face with optimum facial proportions was generated from a real image using a photo editing software. Different facial asymmetry images were then generated from this image by manipulating the chin point position at 2 mm increment to the left side. Vertical harmony was perceived through manipulating lower anterior facial height (LAFH) at a ratio of 2% of increased and decreased heights. A total of 120 raters divided equally into four groups of laypersons, general dental practitioners (GDPs), orthodontists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFSs) rated these images using an analog scale of 100 mm long. Using ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests at P < 0.05 , the image that showed the first statistical difference compared to the baseline was considered as a threshold of abnormality. Results. The image of 4 mm asymmetry was defined by the laypersons and GDPs as the threshold of abnormality, while the orthodontists and OMFSs realized that at 2 mm. Laypersons and GDPs defined a threshold of 46% as an abnormal decrease in the LAFH and the other 2 groups at 48%. All dental professionals groups rated the image of 54% as an abnormal increase in the LAFH while laypersons perceived that at 56%. Conclusion. These thresholds regarding frontal esthetics may contribute to the process of establishing proper orthodontic treatment planning that suits the highest facial esthetic standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To find thresholds at which laypersons and dental professionals from Jordanian population perceive abnormalities in sagittal positioning of upper and lower jaws as a major determinant to facial profile esthetics. Materials and Methods. Using photo editing software, a baseline profile image of a young male was manipulated on a 2 mm incremental basis to move each of the upper and lower jaws backward and forward relative to true vertical line (TVL) at which four variables of maxillary and mandibular retrusion and protrusion were researched. A total of 120 participants divided equally into four groups of laypersons, general dental practitioners (GDPs), orthodontists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFSs) rated the images using an analog scale of 100 mm long. The image that showed the first statistical difference compared to the baseline was considered as a threshold of abnormality. Results. Laypersons, GDPs, and OMFSs perceived the abnormality in the maxillary retrusion at −5 mm to TVL, while orthodontists defined that at −3 mm. All dental professionals perceived the abnormality in the maxillary protrusion at +1 mm to TVL while the layperson group at +3 mm. A threshold of −7 mm mandibular retrusion to TVL was abnormally perceived by all groups. All dental professionals realized the abnormality in the mandibular protrusion at 0 mm to TVL while the laypersons at +2 mm. Conclusion. These thresholds regarding profile esthetics may contribute to the process of establishing proper orthodontic treatment planning that suits the highest facial esthetic standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Compared with other cancers, melanoma has the longest delays measured as the median time to patient presentation for care from symptom onset. Time to presentation for care is a key determinant of outcomes, including disease stage, prognosis, and treatment. Methods: Melanoma survivors with localized disease and their skin check partners enrolled in two sequential randomized control trials of skin self‐examination (SSE) training. In Phase 1, the pair read a workbook in the office and had quarterly total body skin examinations with a study dermatologist. In Phase 2, materials were mailed to pairs, whose surveillance was with a community physician. SSE knowledge, performance (frequency and extent), and identification of concerning moles were compared between phases. Results: Among 341 patients, 197 received the workbook and the others were controls. Knowledge in performing SSE was higher for the workbook relative to controls in both phases. The SSE frequency ranged from 2.38 to 5.97 times in 9 months. Patients randomized to the workbook in both phases performed significantly more SSE than controls at 9 months (P <.05). In both phases, trained survivors performed significantly more SSEs on the scalp than controls at 9 and 18 months (P <.05). Phase 1 survivors performed significantly more SSEs on the abdomen, buttocks, and soles of the feet than controls, but this did not occur in Phase 2. Finally, in both phases, survivors trained with the workbook resulted in greater detection of suspicious lesions and melanomas. Conclusions: These findings justify the benefits of remote SSE training for patients as an adjunct to provider‐administered screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The tight association between sleep, body temperature regulation, and patterns of skin temperature change highlights the necessity for accurate and valid assessment of skin temperatures during sleep. With increased interest in this functional relationship in infants and children, it is important to identify where to best measure proximal skin temperature and whether it is possible to reduce the number of sites of measures, in order to limit the experimental effects in natural settings. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the most suitable single skin temperature sites for representation of average proximal skin temperature during sleep of school aged children. Methods: Statistical analyses were applied to skin temperature data of 22 children, aged 6 to 12 years, measured over four consecutive school nights in their home settings, to compare single site measures of abdomen, back, neck, forehead and subclavicular skin temperatures (local temperatures) with average proximal skin temperatures. Results: Abdomen and forehead skin temperatures were significantly different (respectively higher and lower) to the other local proximal temperatures and to average proximal skin temperatures. Moreover, the time pattern of forehead temperature was very different from that of the other local temperatures. Conclusions: Local forehead and abdomen skin temperatures are least suitable as single site representations of average proximal skin temperatures in school aged children when considering both the level and the time course pattern of the temperature across the night. Conversely, back and neck temperatures provide most fitting representation of average proximal skin temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Patient-reported outcome measures are essential in the evaluation of facial palsy. Aim of this study was to translate and validate the Facial Disability Index (FDI) for use in the Netherlands.Methods: The FDI was translated into Dutch according to a forward-backward method. Construct validity was assessed by formulating 22 hypotheses regarding associations of FDI scores with the Facial Clinimetric Evaluation scale, the Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire, the Short Form-12 and the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System. Validity was considered adequate if at least 75% (i.e. 17 out of 22) of the hypotheses were confirmed. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis was performed. Cronbach's α was calculated as a measure of internal consistency. Participants were asked to fill out the FDI a second time after 2 weeks to analyse test-retest reliability. Lastly, smallest detectable change was calculated.Results: In total, 19 hypotheses (86.4%) were confirmed. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit for the two factor structure of the original FDI (root mean square error of approximation = 0.064, standardized root mean square residual = 0.081, comparative fit index = 0.925, Chi-square = 50.22 with 34 degrees of freedom). Internal consistency for the FDI physical function scale was good (α > 0.720). Internal consistency for the FDI social/well-being scale was slightly less (α > 0.574). Test-retest reliability for both scales was good (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.786). Smallest detectable change at the level of the individual was 17.6 points for the physical function and 17.7 points for the social/well-being function, and at group level 1.9 points for both scales.Conclusion: The Dutch version FDI shows good psychometric properties. The relatively large values for individual smallest detectable change may limit clinical use. The translation and widespread use of the FDI in multiple languages can help to compare treatment results internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inappropriate use of drugs and certain cosmetics can cause potential harm to the mother as well as the fetus. Good knowledge about drug use can help pregnant women make informed decisions. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude among pregnant women regarding the usage of drugs and cosmetics during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the antenatal clinic of a tertiary care centre from August to November 2018 in 384 randomly selected pregnant women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Around 51.56% of pregnant women believed that drugs may have an effect on them or the fetus and 11.19% believed the same for cosmetics. More than half of them feel that drugs should mainly be avoided in the third trimester. Around 25% of women believed that the irrational use of drugs could cause congenital anomalies in the fetus. About 58.07% of women were of the opinion that pregnancy requires the consumption of many drugs and 34.11% preferred to use alternative medicine during pregnancy. The primary source of information in majority of women was doctors followed by media. Around 32.03% of women had taken drugs outside a doctor's prescription during their pregnancy. A decrease in cosmetic use was reported by 4.94% women. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding the correct use of drugs and cosmetics during pregnancy is poor. The use of non-prescribed medications is high. Educational programs for women to increase their knowledge of the potential risks to them as well as the fetus are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. We describe a modification of Cutler-Beard's technique, using a contralateral tarsoconjunctival graft, in patients who underwent excision of large malignant tumors of the upper eyelid. Methods. This is an interventional retrospective review (clinical study) of ten cases, with age range from 64 to 86 years (mean: 71.2 years ± 6.49) with malignant upper eyelid tumors, operated by the same surgeon (AB-G), between 2011 and 2016. The resulting defects were reconstructed using a modification of Cutler-Beard's technique. A tarsoconjunctival graft was harvested from the contralateral upper eyelid, with an extra 3 mm of conjunctiva from the superior edge of tarsus and was attached to the upper eyelid defect, different from that previously described. Follow-up ranged between 24 and 60 months (mean: 41.6 ± 9.87). Functional, cosmetic outcomes and postoperative complications were evaluated. Results. No upper eyelid retraction, eyelid margin entropion, or graft retraction was observed in any of the cases. All of the patients were satisfied with the aesthetic result. Conclusion. This technique allows us to safely inset a suitable graft on the ocular surface, with sufficient blood supply, resulting in a stable margin and good contour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring polysaccharide, is used in the production of dermal fillers for esthetic purposes. As it has a few days of half-life in human tissues, HA-based dermal filler is chemically modified to increase its lifetime in the body. The most common modification used in commercial HA-based filler is the cross-linking of HA chains using 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) as cross-linking agent. Residual, or unreacted, BDDE is considered nontoxic when it is [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The adipocytolytic non-surgical esthetic procedures are indicated for the reduction of localized fat and are effective in reducing local adiposity through the ablation of adipocytes with fast and lasting results, besides causing local inflammation. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the adipocytolytic procedures and correlate the phases of the inflammatory process with the results obtained from such procedures, in order to clarify the role of inflammation triggered by the adipocytolytic procedures and its relation with the lipolytic process, with a focus on body shaping. Methods: This work is an integrative literature review that presents a total of 72 articles published between 1998 and 2015, derived from the PubMed database, in order to establish a relationship between clinical and basic science research, assuming an important role in medical practice based on evidence. Results: The results show that the adipocytolytic procedures are characterized by triggering inflammation arising from the disruption of adipocytes by interfering with the lipolytic signaling pathways in both acute and chronic phases of inflammation through the direct action of proinflammatory cytokines or catecholamines. Therefore, inflammation plays an important role in modulating the lipolytic process, influencing body shaping. Conclusion: The inflammatory process assists the adipolytic process in all stages of inflammation, contributing to the reduction of body contouring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim. Surgeons often face with the problem when selecting a reconstructive method for nasal skin defects. The aim of this study was to determine functional and aesthetic characteristics of different reconstructive methods used for skin defects in different regions of the nose. Methods. The study involved 44 patients with basocellular carcinoma in nasal area. The nasal skin was divided into four subunits: the tip, the alar lobules, the sidewalls and the dorsum. The average skin defect size was 10 mm in diameter. Local flaps and full thickness skin grafts were used in the study. We analyzed the functional and esthetic results of different reconstructive methods used for nasal defects in different regions of the nose 12 months after the surgery. Results. The study shows that different reconstructive methods produce different functional and esthetic results in the same nasal subunits and that the same reconstructive method produces different results in different nasal subunits. Conclusions. Estimation the postoperative functional and esthetic characteristics of different reconstructive methods is one of the basic preconditions of successful reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial attractiveness plays a key role in social interaction. 'Smile' is not only a single category of facial behaviour, but also the emotion of frank joy which is expressed on the face by the combined contraction of the muscles involved. When a patient visits the dental clinic for aesthetic reasons, the dentist considers not only the chief complaint but also the overall harmony of the face. This article describes muscle retraining exercises to achieve control over facial movements and improve facial appearance which may be considered following any type of dental rehabilitation. Muscle conditioning, training and strengthening through daily exercises will help to counter balance the aging effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I was eight years old when my mother sent me to school with Bantu knots in my hair. YouTubers and natural-hair bloggers were instrumental in bringing to the masses the tools and information needed to properly care for and style Afro-textured hair. After ten years of wearing hair extensions and chemically altering the texture of my hair, I had forgotten what my natural hair truly looked like. [Extracted from the article]

One of the most important components of the human mind, imagination has been the object of interest of many thinkers and researchers of all times. Despite the attention, there have been many unknown ideas about its source, its way of functioning, its status among other mental faculties. And there is also a critical component of its presentation. We asked why? First because of the impossibility of giving satisfying explanations, second because it has been considered dangereous for reason, for the right judgement. It is true that imagination too can stir the feelings, the emotions, as delirium and hallucinations are extreme examples of the effects of the lack of control over this faculty. Even if today imagination has a higher status, it is left in the care of the psychologists. The others, philosophers, anthropologists, aestheticians, etc. concentrate of the study of the imaginary. This does not mean that everything was said about imagination, on the contrary, there are a lot of explanations to be given on this subject, to highlight the dangers, but especially the good effects of imagination and its activity on the human existence. The specialty studies can investigate further this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A total of 57 brands of commercially available hair and skin care cosmetics manufactured in Jordan were evaluated for their microbiological quality using standard procedures. Viable microorganisms were not recovered from 56.1% of the items tested and approximately 5.3% harbored less than 102 CFUg−1. Dominant bacterial isolates were Bacillus species, Pseudomonas spp., and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Further testing of different batches of the brands that were found to be contaminated with >104 CFUg−1 revealed that the problem was persistent in these products. Preservative efficacy tests were carried out for the contamination-free brands using Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. This test demonstrated that 28.1% of the products tested were inadequately preserved. It is concluded that poor microbiological quality of the preparations investigated can be attributed to either a problem inherent in the formulation of these brands and/or poor manufacturing hygiene. It is hoped that the implementation of good manufacturing practice in the Jordan’s cosmetics industry will improve the microbiological quality of these products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Recent reports have shown that vitamin D status was inversely associated with the risk of various cancers. However, few studies examined the association between vitamin D levels and risk of skin cancer. Methods: We prospectively evaluated the association between baseline plasma 25(OH)D levels and the risk of incident squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) among 4,641 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the NHS II with 510 incident BCC cases and 75 incident SCC cases. We used multivariate logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Plasma 25(OH)D levels were positively associated with risk of BCC after adjusting for age at blood draw, season of blood draw, lab batch, hair color, burning tendency, the number of sunburns, and ultra-violet B flux of residence at blood collection. Women in the highest quartile of 25(OH)D had more than 2-fold increased risk of BCC compared with women in the lowest quartile (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.52-2.80, P for trend <0.0001). We also found a significantly positive association between plasma 25(OH)D levels and SCC risk after adjusting for the same covariates (OR, highest vs. lowest quartile = 3.77, 95% CI = 1.70-8.36, P for trend = 0.0002). Conclusion: In this prospective study of women, plasma vitamin D levels were positively associated with non-melanoma skin cancer risk. Considering that most circulating vitamin D is due to sun exposure, the positive association between plasma vitamin D and non-melanoma skin cancer is confounded by sun exposure. Our data suggest that one-time measurement of plasma vitamin D levels may reasonably reflect long-term sun exposure and predict the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I recently had the opportunity to visit a very relaxing and beautiful day spa during the middle-of-the-day break from the sessions at a Keystone meeting. I was having a very tranquil and restorative day, when I went in for my final treatment - a facial. The very chipper and cheerful esthetician began examining my skin and applying various creams, when I then heard her say something that nearly ruined my experience: she claimed that the topical treatment she was about to apply would, in her words, "cleanse my liver." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maxillary canine-lateral incisor transposition is a relatively rare anomaly, with both dental and facial esthetic implications. This is a case report of a maxillary canine-lateral incisor transposition that was successfully treated by surgical-orthodontic treatment followed by esthetic reshaping of the involved teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Facial cosmetic procedures are commonplace nowadays, especially techniques that aim to increase lip volume. Full lips provide a youthful, healthy, feminine and sensual appearance. There are many techniques and materials used to recover the loss of contour that occurs with age. Case presentation: An unusual case of fat tissue accumulation following cosmetic upper lip augmentation in a 61 year-old female was reported. Surgical treatment was performed for esthetic concerns. Microscopically, the tissue removed was composed of muscle fibers and mature adipocytes. Conclusion: Undesirable effects of esthetic treatment can occur and the clinician should be familiar with such complications to diagnose and manage them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]