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For $K$ an infinite field of characteristic other than two, consider the action of the special orthogonal group $\operatorname{SO}_t(K)$ on a polynomial ring via copies of the regular representation. When $K$ has characteristic zero, Boutot's theorem implies that the invariant ring has rational singularities; when $K$ has positive characteristic, the invariant ring is $F$-regular, as proven by Hashimoto using good filtrations. We give a new proof of this, viewing the invariant ring for $\operatorname{SO}_t(K)$ as a cyclic cover of the invariant ring for the corresponding orthogonal group; this point of view has a number of useful consequences, for example it readily yields the $a$-invariant and information on the Hilbert series. Indeed, we use this to show that the $h$-vector of the invariant ring for $\operatorname{SO}_t(K)$ need not be unimodal.

We calculate the minimal attached primes of the local cohomology modules of the binomial edge ideals of block graphs. In particular, we obtain a combinatorial characterisation of which of these modules are non-vanishing. We also show that the main result of this paper follows from a recent result of Lax, Rinaldo, and Romeo (arXiv:2405.08671, Theorem 3.2), which was published independently during the writing of this paper. This provides a short alternative proof of our result., Comment: 16 pages, v2 replaces what was Section 5 in v1 to take into account recent work of Lax, Rinaldo, and Romeo (arXiv:2405.08671), in which they had in fact already proved a result we stated as a conjecture. Many thanks to Ernesto Lax for bringing this to our attention

In this paper, we will introduce the notion of (u,v)-absorbing hyperideals in multiplicative hyperrings and we will show some properties of them. Then we extend this concept to the notion of (u,v)-absorbing prime hyperideals and thhen we will give some results about them.

In this note we study line and conic arrangements associated to sextactic and type 9 points on the Fermat cubic $F$ and we provide explicit coordinates for each of the 72 type 9 points on $F$., Comment: 9 pages

We describe the structure of the symbolic powers $I^{(\ell)}$ of the Stanley-Reisner ideals, and cover ideals, $I$, of matroids. We (a) prove a structure theorem describing a minimal generating set for every $I^{(\ell)}$; (b) describe the (non--standard graded) symbolic Rees algebra $\mathcal{R}_s(I)$ of $I$ and show its minimal algebra generators have degree at most ht $I$; (c) provide an explicit, simple formula to compute the largest degree of a minimal algebra generator of $\mathcal{R}_s(I)$; (d) provide algebraic applications, including formulas for the symbolic defects of $I$, the initial degree of $I^{(\ell)}$, and the Waldschmidt constant of $I$; (e) provide a new algorithm allowing fast computations of very large symbolic powers of $I$. One of the by-products is a new characterization of matroids in terms of minimal generators of $I^{(\ell)}$ for some $\ell\geq 2$. In particular, it yields a new, simple characterization of matroids in terms of the minimal generators of $I^{(2)}$. This is the first characterization of matroids in terms of $I^{(2)}$, and it complements a celebrated theorem by Minh-Trung, Varbaro, and Terai-Trung which requires the investigation of homological properties of $I^{(\ell)}$ for some $\ell\geq 3$.

In this article, we study the squarefree powers of facet ideals associated with simplicial trees. Specifically, we examine the linearity of their minimal free resolution and their regularity. Additionally, we investigate when the first syzygy module of squarefree powers of a simplicial tree is linearly related. Finally, we provide a combinatorial formula for the regularity of the squarefree powers of $t$-path ideals of path graphs., Comment: Any comments are welcome

It is well-known that the first generalized Hamming weight of a code, more commonly called \textit{the minimum distance} of the code, corresponds to the initial degree of the Stanley-Reisner ideal of the matroid of the dual code. Our starting point in this paper is a generalization of this fact -- namely, the $r$-th generalized Hamming weight of a code is the smallest degree of a squarefree monomial in the $r$-th symbolic power of the Stanley-Reisner ideal of the matroid of the dual code (in the appropriate range for $r$). It turns out that the squarefree monomials in successive symbolic powers of the Stanley-Reisner ideal of a matroid suffice to describe all symbolic powers of the Stanley-Reisner ideal. This implies that generalized Hamming weights -- which can be defined in a natural way for matroids -- are fundamentally tied to the structure of symbolic powers of Stanley-Reisner ideals of matroids. We illustrate this by studying initial degree statistics of symbolic powers of the Stanley-Reisner ideal of a matroid in terms of generalized Hamming weights and working out many examples that are meaningful from a coding-theoretic perspective. Our results also apply to projective varieties known as matroid configurations introduced by Geramita-Harbourne-Migliore-Nagel., Comment: 37 pages. Comments welcome!

We consider numerical semigroups $S_3 = \langle d_1,d_2,d_3 \rangle$, minimally generated by three positive integers. We revisit the Wilf question in $S_3$ and, making use of identities for degrees of syzygies of such semigroups, give a short proof of existence of an affirmative answer. We find also the lower bound for Frobenius numbers of $S_3$ and upper and lower bounds for higher genera., Comment: 9 pages, 1 Figure

In this paper, we present the simple components of the Wedderburn decomposition of semisimple commutative group algebras over finite abelian groups, which we investigate from a geometric point of view. We also present the Wedderburn decomposition of semisimple commutative group algebras over finite fields., Comment: 20 pages, 0 figures

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. In this paper, we introduce and investigate the second ideal intersection graph SII(R) of R with vertices are non-zero proper ideals of R and two distinct vertices I and J are adjacent if and only if $I \cap J$ is a second ideal of R.

We call a right module $M$ (strongly) virtually regular if every (finitely generated) cyclic submodule is isomorphic to a direct summand. $M$ is said to be completely virtually regular if every submodule is virtually regular. In this paper, characterizations and some closure properties of the aforementioned modules are given. Several structure results are obtained over commutative rings. In particular, the structures of finitely presented (strongly) virtually regular modules and completely virtually regular modules are fully determined over valuation domains. Namely, for a valuation domain $R$ with the unique maximal ideal $P$, we show that finitely presented (strongly) virtually regular modules are free if and only if $P$ is not principal; and that $P=Rp$ is principal if and only if finitely presented virtually regular modules are of the form $$R^n \oplus (\frac{R}{Rp})^{n_1} \oplus (\frac{R}{Rp^2})^{n_2} \oplus \cdots \oplus (\frac{R}{Rp^k})^{n_k}$$ for nonnegative integers $n,\,k,\,n_1,\,n_2,\cdots ,n_k.$ Similarly, we prove that $P=Rp$ is principal if and only if finitely presented strongly virtually regular modules are of the form $ R^n \oplus (\frac{R}{Rp})^{m}$, where $m,n$ are nonnegative integers. We also obtain that, $R$ admits a nonzero finitely presented completely virtually regular module $M$ if and only if $P=Rp$ is principal. Moreover, for a finitely presented $R$-module $M$, we prove that: $(i)$ if $R$ is not a DVR, then $M$ is completely virtually regular if and only if $M \cong (\frac{R}{Rp})^{m}$; and $(ii)$ if $R$ is a DVR, then $M$ is completely virtually regular if and only if $M\cong R^n \oplus (\frac{R}{Rp})^{m}.$ Finally, we obtain a characterization of finitely generated virtually regular modules over the ring of integers.

We study the problem of the irreducibility of the Hessian variety $\mathcal{H}_f$ associated with a smooth cubic hypersurface $V(f)\subset \mathbb{P}^n$. We prove that when $n\leq5$, $\mathcal{H}_f$ is normal and irreducible if and only if $f$ is not of Thom-Sebastiani type, i.e., roughly, one can not separate its variables. This also generalizes a result of Beniamino Segre dealing with the case of cubic surfaces. The geometric approach is based on the study of the singular locus of the Hessian variety and on infinitesimal computations arising from a particular description of these singularities., Comment: 39 pages. Comments are welcome

Let $D$ be a two-dimensional regular local ring. We prove there is a one-to-one correspondence between closed connected sets in the space of valuation overrings of $D$ that dominate $D$ and the integrally closed local overrings of $D$ that are not essential valuation rings or divisorial valuation rings of $D$., Comment: 19 pages. Comments welcome!

We prove a sharp bound for the regularity of a squarefree monomial ideal with a linear presentation. This result also answers in positive a question on the cohomological dimension of squarefree monomial ideals satisfying Serre's $S_2$-condition proposed by Dao and Takagi.

We investigate existence, uniqueness and maximality of solutions $T$ for equations $S_1+T=S_2$ and inequalities $S_1+T\subseteq S_2$ where $S_1$ and $S_2$ are final segments of ordered abelian groups. Since cuts are determined by their upper cut sets, which are final segments, this gives information about the corresponding equalities and inequalities for cuts. We apply our results to investigate existence, uniqueness and maximality of solutions $J$ for equations $I_1 J=I_2$ and inequalities $I_1 J\subseteq I_2$ where $I_1$ and $I_2$ are ideals of valuation rings. This enables us to compute the annihilators of quotients of the form $I_1/I_2\,$.

The focus of this note is on the Chow group problem over ramified regular local rings $(R, m)$. Our goal is threefold: i) to introduce a characterization of a ramified regular local ring essentially of finite type over a dvr, ii) to address the question whether $(i-1)!$ $\mathbb{A}^i(U)=0$ for specific open subsets $U$ of Spec$R$ and iii) to establish a constructive relation between Chow groups of the henselization $(R^h, m^h)$ and Chow groups of the completion $(\hat{R}, \hat{m})$ of $(R, m)$.

In this paper, the possible values of commutativity degree of Lie algebras are determined. Also, we define the asymptotic commutativity degree of Lie algebras and obtain the asymptotic commutativity degree for some of them. Moreover, we prove the existence of a family of Lie algebras such that the asymptotic commutativity degree is equal to 1\qk for all q greater than 2 and a positive integer k., Comment: 8 pages

In this paper, we introduce the commutativity degree of a finite-dimensional Lie algebra over a finite field and determine upper and lower bounds for it. Moreover, we study some relations between the notion of commutativity degree and known concepts in Lie algebras., Comment: 10 pages

We resolve Stillman's conjecture for families of polynomial rings that are graded by any abelian group under mild conditions. Conversely, we show that these conditions are necessary for the existence of a Stillman bound. This has applications even for the well-known standard graded case., Comment: 7 pages

Ideals $I\subseteq R=k[\mathbb P^n]$ generated by powers of linear forms arise, via Macaulay duality, from sets of fat points $X\subseteq \mathbb P^n$. Properties of $R/I$ are connected to the geometry of the corresponding fat points. When the linear forms are general, many authors have studied the question of whether or not $R/I$ has the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP). We study this question instead for ideals coming from a family of sets of points called grids. We give a complete answer in the case of uniform powers of linear forms coming from square grids, and we give a conjecture and approach for the case of nonsquare grids. In the cases where WLP holds, we also describe the non-Lefschetz locus., Comment: minor changes and Question 8.9 added

We show that the 1-h-minimal fields satisfy a property of naive compactness for decreasing definable families of closed bounded sets indexed by the value group. We use this to prove that a local topological definable group has a definable family of neighborhoods of the identity consisting of open subgroups.

Over an algebraically closed field, the $\textit{double point interpolation}$ problem asks for the vector space dimension of the projective hypersurfaces of degree $d$ singular at a given set of points. After being open for 90 years, a series of papers by J. Alexander and A. Hirschowitz in 1992--1995 settled this question in what is referred to as the Alexander-Hirschowitz theorem. In this paper we primarily use commutative algebra to lay the groundwork necessary to prove analogous statements in the $\textit{weighted projective space}$, a natural generalization of the projective space. We show the Hilbert function of general simple points in any $n$-dimensional weighted projective space exhibits the expected behavior. We give an inductive procedure for weighted projective space, similar to that originally due to A. Terracini from 1915, to demonstrate an example of a weighted projective plane where the analogue of the Alexander-Hirschowitz theorem holds without exceptions. We further adapt Terracini's lemma regarding secant varieties to give an interpolation bound for an infinite family of weighted projective planes., Comment: 40 pages, 2 figures. Comments are welcomed. It was shown that P(1,2,3) is the only weighted projective plane with no exceptions. The definition of AH_n(d) was updated. Some number of typos were fixed

We show that it is undecidable whether a system of linear equations over the Laurent polynomial ring $\mathbb{Z}[X^{\pm}]$ admit solutions where a specified subset of variables take value in the set of monomials $\{X^z \mid z \in \mathbb{Z}\}$. In particular, we construct a finitely presented $\mathbb{Z}[X^{\pm}]$-module, where it is undecidable whether a linear equation $X^{z_1} \boldsymbol{f}_1 + \cdots + X^{z_n} \boldsymbol{f}_n = \boldsymbol{f}_0$ has solutions $z_1, \ldots, z_n \in \mathbb{Z}$. This contrasts the decidability of the case $n = 1$, which can be deduced from Noskov's Lemma. We apply this result to settle a number of problems in computational group theory. We show that it is undecidable whether a system of equations has solutions in the wreath product $\mathbb{Z} \wr \mathbb{Z}$, providing a negative answer to an open problem of Kharlampovich, L\'{o}pez and Miasnikov (2020). We show that there exists a finitely generated abelian-by-cyclic group in which the problem of solving a single quadratic equation is undecidable. We also construct a finitely generated abelian-by-cyclic group, different to that of Mishchenko and Treier (2017), in which the Knapsack Problem is undecidable. In contrast, we show that the problem of Coset Intersection is decidable in all finitely generated abelian-by-cyclic groups., Comment: Corrected an error in Lemma 6.8. Supersedes arXiv:2309.08811

In the present paper, we investigate a conjecture of J\"urgen Herzog. Let $S$ be a local regular ring with residue field $K$ or a positively graded $K$-algebra, $I\subset S$ be a perfect ideal of grade two, and let $R=S/I$ with canonical module $\omega_R$. Herzog conjectured that the canonical trace $\text{tr}(\omega_R)$ is obtained by specialization from the generic case of maximal minors. We prove this conjecture in several cases, and present a criterion that guarantees that the canonical trace specializes under some additional assumptions. As the final conclusion of all of our results, we classify the nearly Gorenstein monomial ideals of height two., Comment: Dedicated with my deepest gratitude to the memory of my maestro and friend, Professor Juergen Herzog (1941-2024)

We provide a self-contained introduction to Gr\"obner bases of submodules of $R[x_1, \ldots, x_n]^k$, where $R$ is a Euclidean domain, and explain how to use these bases to solve linear systems over $R[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$., Comment: Survey paper

Let $E$ be a module of projective dimension one over a Noetherian ring $R$ and consider its Rees algebra $\mathcal{R}(E)$. We study this ring as a quotient of the symmetric algebra $\mathcal{S}(E)$ and consider the ideal $\mathcal{A}$ defining this quotient. In the case that $\mathcal{S}(E)$ is a complete intersection ring, we employ a duality between $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{S}(E)$ in order to study the Rees ring $\mathcal{R}(E)$ in multiple settings. In particular, when $R$ is a complete intersection ring defined by quadrics, we consider its module of K\"ahler differentials $\Omega_{R/k}$ and its associated tangent algebras., Comment: 20 pages. Comments are welcome

The Jordan type $P_{A,\ell}$ of a linear form $\ell$ acting on a graded Artinian algebra $A$ over a field $\sf k$ is the partition describing the Jordan block decomposition of the multiplication map $m_\ell$, which is nilpotent. The Jordan degree type $\mathcal S_{A,\ell}$ is a finer invariant, describing also the initial degrees of the simple submodules of $A$ in a decomposition of $A$ as ${\sf k}[\ell]$-modules. The set of Jordan types of $A$ or Jordan degree types (JDT) of $A$ as $\ell$ varies, is an invariant of the algebra. This invariant has been studied for codimension two graded algebras. We here extend the previous results to certain codimension three graded Artinian Gorenstein (AG) algebras - those of small Sperner number. Given a Gorenstein sequence $T$ - one possible for the Hilbert function of a codimension three AG algebra - the irreducible variety $\mathrm{Gor}(T)$ parametrizes all Gorenstein algebras of Hilbert function $T$. We here completely determine the JDT possible for all pairs $(A,\ell), A\in \mathrm{Gor}(T)$, for Gorenstein sequences $T$ of the form $T=(1,3,s^k,3,1)$ for Sperner number $s=3,4,5$ and arbitrary multiplicity $k$. For $s=6$ we delimit the prospective JDT, without verifying that each occurs.

We give a constructive proof of the general Nullstellensatz: a univariate polynomial ring over a commutative Jacobson ring is Jacobson., Comment: 5 pages; simplified the proof of the main theorem

We give a criterion for almost Gorenstein property for semigroup rings associated with simplicial semigroups. We extend Nari's theorem for almost symmetric numerical semigroups to simplicial semigroups with higher rank. By this criterion, we determine $2$-dimensional normal semigroup rings which have ``Ulrich elements'' defined in [Herzog-Jafari-Stamate].

An ideal $I$ of a commutative ring $R$ is said to be of linear type when its Rees algebra and symmetric algebra exhibit isomorphism. In this paper, we investigate the conjecture put forth by Jayanthan, Kumar, and Sarkar (2021) that if $G$ is a tree or a unicyclic graph, then the binomial edge ideal of $G$ is of linear type. Our investigation validates this conjecture for trees. However, our study reveals that not all unicyclic graphs adhere to this conjecture., Comment: 14 pages, removed Theorem 5.1, comments are welcome

Let $I\subset A$ and $J\subset B$ be two monomial ideals, where $A$ and $B$ are two polynomial rings with disjoint variables. Considering a general set-up of monomial filtrations, we study the behaviour of the $\mathrm{v}$-function under binomial expansion. As an application, we get an explicit formula of $\mathrm{v}((I+J)^{(k)})$ in terms of $\mathrm{v}(I^{(i)})$ and $\mathrm{v}(J^{(j)})$, where $L^{(k)}$ denote the symbolic power of an ideal $L$. Furthermore, an analogous formula is extended for the $\mathrm{v}$-function of integral closure of $(I+J)^k$., Comment: comments are welcome

Let $K$ be a field of characteristic 0 and $S=K[x_1,\ldots,x_m]/I$ be an affine domain. Consider $R=S_P$ where $P\in Spec(S)$ such that $R$ is regular. In this paper we construct a field $F$ which is contained in $R$ such that (1) The residue field of $R$ is a finite extension of $F$. (2) $D_F(R)$, the ring of $F$-linear differential operators on $R$ is left and right Noetherian with finite global dimension. (3) The Bernstein class of $D_F(R)$ is closed under localization at one element of $R$. We also prove a similar result for $R^h$, the Henselization of $R$. As an application we prove that $\frac{D_F(R)}{D_F(R)P}\cong E(\kappa(P))$ where $E(\kappa(P))$ is the injective hull of the residue field of $R$., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1202.3597 by other authors

The generic link of an unmixed radical ideal is radical (in fact, prime). We show that the squarefreeness of the initial ideal and $F$-purity are, however, not preserved along generic links. On the flip side, for several important cases in liaison theory, including generic height three Gorenstein ideals and the maximal minors of a generic matrix, we show that the squarefreeness of the initial ideal, $F$-purity, and the $F$-pure threshold are each preserved along generic links by identifying a property of such ideals which propagates along generic links. We use this property to establish the $F$-regularity of the generic links of such ideals. Finally, we study the $F$-pure threshold of the generic residual intersections of a complete intersection ideal and answer a related question of Kim--Miller--Niu., Comment: Added Example 5.5 to show that the generic link of the minors of a Hankel matrix typically does not define an F-injective ring and also does not have a squarefree initial ideal; corresponding changes in the introduction. Funding information updated. 23 pages; comments welcome!

The main goal of the paper is the discussion of a deeper interaction between matrix theory over polynomial rings over a field and typical methods of commutative algebra and related algebraic geometry. This is intended in the sense of bringing numerical algebraic invariants into the picture of determinantal ideals, with an emphasis on non-generic ones. In particular, there is a strong focus on square sparse matrices and features of the dual variety to a determinantal hypersurface. Though the overall goal is not exhausted here, one provides several environments where the present treatment has a degree of success.

We use the construction of the relative bar resolution via differential graded structures to obtain the minimal graded free resolution of $\text{Der}_{R \mid k}$, where $R$ is a determinantal ring defined by the maximal minors of an $n \times (n+1)$ generic matrix and $k$ is its coefficient field. Along the way, we compute an explicit action of the Hilbert-Burch differential graded algebra on a differential graded module resolving the cokernel of the Jacobian matrix whose kernel is $\text{Der}_{R \mid k}$. As a consequence of the minimality of the resulting relative bar resolution, we get a minimal generating set for $\text{Der}_{R \mid k}$ as an $R$-module, which, while already known, has not been obtained via our methods.

For an arbitrary $\infty$-topos, we classify the smashing localizations in the $\infty$-category of sheaves valued in derived vector spaces: Any of them is the restriction functor to a (unique) closed subtopos. Our proof is based on the existence of a Boolean cover. This result in particular gives us the first example of a nonzero presentably symmetric monoidal stable $\infty$-category whose smashing spectrum has no points. Combining this with the sheaves-spectrum adjunction, we obtain a Tannaka-type categorical reconstruction result for locales., Comment: 9 pages

Given a commutative algebra $\mathcal O$, a proper ideal $\mathcal I$, and a resolution of $\mathcal O/ \mathcal I$ by projective $\mathcal O $-modules, we construct an explicit Koszul-Tate resolution. We call it the arborescent Koszul-Tate resolution since it is indexed by decorated trees. When the $ \mathcal O$-module resolution has finite length, only finitely many operations are needed in our constructions -- this is to be compared with the classical Tate algorithm, which requires infinitely many such computations if $ \mathcal I$ is not a complete intersection. As a by-product of our construction, the initial projective $\mathcal O $-module resolution becomes equipped with an explicit $A_\infty$-algebra., Comment: 44 pages

Consider an infinite minimal free resolution of a module $M$ over a local Noetherian ring $R$. It was shown by Eisenbud that if $R$ is a complete intersection ring, then a minimal resolution is periodic iff it is bounded. Over more general rings, Peeva and Gasharov showed this periodicity does not always hold. However, in every computed example, the sum of $n$ consecutive ideals of minors of matrices in the resolution is fixed for some $n$, asymptotically. We prove this in general for certain Generalized Positive Burch Index Rings, in the sense of Dao, Kobayashi, and Takahashi. In doing so, we develop techniques that begin to explain this periodicity in more generality., Comment: 15 pages

Let $L$ be an $(m\vert n)$-dimensional nilpotent Lie superalgebra where $m + n \geq 4$ and $n \geq 1$. This paper classifies such nilpotent Lie superalgebras $L$ with a derived subsuperalgebra of dimension $m+n-2$ such that $\gamma(L) = m + 2n - 2 - \dim \mathcal{M}(L)$, where $\gamma(L) \in \{0, 1, 2\}$ and $\mathcal{M}(L)$ denotes the Schur multiplier of $L$. Furthermore, we show that all these superalgebras are capable.

In algebra, atomicity is the study of divisibility by and factorizations into atoms (also called irreducibles). In one side of the spectrum of atomicity we find the antimatter algebraic structures, inside which there are no atoms and, therefore, divisibility by and factorizations into atoms are not possible. In the other (more interesting) side of the spectrum, we find the atomic algebraic structures, where essentially every element factors into atoms (the study of such objects is known as factorization theory). In this paper, we survey some of the most fundamental results on the atomicity of cancellative commutative monoids and integral domains, putting our emphasis on the latter. We mostly consider the realm of atomic domains. For integral domains, the distinction between being atomic and satisfying the ascending chain condition on principal ideals, or ACCP for short (which is a stronger and better-behaved algebraic condition) is subtle, so atomicity has been often studied in connection with the ACCP: we consider this connection at many parts of this survey. We discuss atomicity under various classical algebraic constructions, including localization, polynomial extensions, $D+M$ constructions, and monoid algebras. Integral domains having all their subrings atomic are also discussed. In the last section, we explore the middle ground of the spectrum of atomicity: some integral domains where some of but not all the elements factor into atoms, which are called quasi-atomic and almost atomic. We conclude providing techniques from homological algebra to measure how far quasi-atomic and almost atomic domains are from being atomic., Comment: 65 pages

We investigate quotients by radical monomial ideals for which $T^2$, the second cotangent cohomology module, vanishes. The dimension of the graded components of $T^2$, and thus their vanishing, depends only on the combinatorics of the corresponding simplicial complex. We give both a complete characterization and a full list of one dimensional complexes with $T^2=0$. We characterize the graded components of $T^2$ when the simplicial complex is a uniform matroid. Finally, we show that $T^2$ vanishes for all matroids of corank at most two and conjecture that all connected matroids with vanishing $T^2$ are of corank at most two., Comment: 13 pages

We prove that, given a sufficiently functorial assignment from rings to big Cohen-Macaulay algebras $R \mapsto B$, that the associated big Cohen-Macaulay closure operation on ideals $I \mapsto I B \cap R$ necessarily satisfies the Brian\c{c}on-Skoda type property. The proof combines arguments of Lipman-Teissier, Hochster, Ma, and Hochster-Huneke. Specializing to mixed characteristic, and utilizing a result of Bhatt on absolute integral closures, this recovers a slight strengthening of a result of Heitmann., Comment: Minor changes and typos fixed, 13 pages, to appear in the Michigan Mathematical Journal

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with an identity, and $S$ a multiplicative subset of $R$. In this paper, we introduce the notion of $S$-injective modules as a weak version of injective modules. Among other results, we provide an $S$-version of the Baer's characterisation of injective modules. We also give an $S$-version of the Lambek's characterization of flat modules: an $R$-module $M$ is $S$-flat if and only if its character, $Hom_{\mathbb{Z}}(M,\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z})$, is an $S$-injective $R$-module. As applications, we establish, under certain conditions, counterparts of Cheatham and Stone's characterizations for $S$-Noetherian rings using the notion of character modules., Comment: 13 pages

Let $R$ be a commutative ring. An $R$-module $M$ is said to be almost projective if ${\rm Ext}^1_R(M, N) = 0$ for any $R_{\mathfrak{m}}$-module $N$ and any maximal ideal $\mathfrak{m}$ of $R$. In this paper, we investigate rings $R$ over which every $R$-module has an almost projective envelope. We also characterize rings $R$ over which every $R$-module has an almost projective envelope with some special properties.

We clarify some results of Bagaria and Magidor \cite{MR3152715} about the relationship between large cardinals and torsion classes of abelian groups, and prove that (1) the Maximum Deconstructibility principle introduced in \cite{Cox_MaxDecon} requires large cardinals; it sits, implication-wise, between Vop\v{e}nka's Principle and the existence of an $\omega_1$-strongly compact cardinal. (2) While deconstructibility of a class of modules always implies the precovering property by \cite{MR2822215}, the concepts are (consistently) non-equivalent, even for classes of abelian groups closed under extensions, homomorphic images, and colimits.

Let $H$ be a commutative multiplicative hyperring and $\alpha, \beta \in \mathbb{Z}^+$. A proper hyperideal $P$ of $H$ is called (weakly) $(\alpha,\beta)$-prime if $x^\alpha \circ y \subseteq P$ for $x,y \in H$ implies $x^\beta \subseteq P$ or $y \in P$. In this paper, we aim to investigate (weakly) $(\alpha,\beta)$-prime hyperideals and then we present some properties of them.

$ $Let $k$ be a field of characteristic zero. If $c_1, c_2\in k\setminus \{0\}, s,t\geq 1$ and $u\geq 0$, then it is shown that the $k$-derivations $\partial_x + x^u(c_1x^ty^s+c_2)\partial_y$ and $\partial_x + x^u(c_1x^t+c_2y^{s+1})\partial_y$ of $k[x,y]$ are simple. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for the $k$-derivation $y^r\partial_x + (c_1x^{t_1}y^{s_1}+c_2x^{t_2}y^{s_2})\partial_y$, where $r, t_1, s_1, t_2, s_2 \geq 0$ and $c_1, c_2\in k$, of $k[x,y]$ to be simple.

We describe the notion of stability of coherent systems as a framework to deal with redundancy. We define stable coherent systems and show how this notion can help the design of reliable systems. We demonstrate that the reliability of stable systems can be efficiently computed using the algebraic versions of improved inclusion-exclusion formulas and sum of disjoint products.

We collect some open problems about minimal presentations of numerical semigroups and, more generally, about defining ideals and free resolutions of their semigroup rings and associated graded rings. We emphasize both long-standing problems and more recent questions and developments.

We introduce and explore the Uniform Izumi-Rees Property in Noetherian rings with applications to multiplicity theory and containment relationships among symbolic powers of ideals. As an application, we prove that if $R$ is a normal domain essentially of finite type over a field, there exists a constant $C$ so that for all prime ideals $\mathfrak{p}\subseteq \mathfrak{q}\in\mbox{Spec}(R)$, if $\mathfrak{p}\subseteq \mathfrak{q}^{(t)}$, then for all $n\in\mathbb{N}$, there is a containment of symbolic powers $\mathfrak{p}^{(Cn)}\subseteq \mathfrak{q}^{(tn)}$., Comment: 21 pages, comments welcome