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Background: Whilst the uniqueness of loneliness and social isolation is now recognised for members of the Armed Forces Community, there is currently a lack of evidence examining these experiences within the Military Widow/er population. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to search and synthesise the current evidence base exploring experiences of loneliness and social isolation in this community. Method: Six databases were searched; ASSIA; CINAHL; ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global; PsycArticles; Medline; Web of Science. Any article type was included if they focused on UK or international Military Widows and loneliness and social isolation. In the absence of loneliness and social isolation, related aspects were included, for example, social support. Results: A thematic synthesis was completed on the nine eligible papers, where key findings were coded and generated into four themes; Experiences of Loneliness and Social Isolation, The Uniqueness of the Military, Access to Social Support, and The Importance of Peer Support. Conclusions: Evidence supports the need for military-specific support services with peers who recognise the individuals' unique experiences of loneliness and social isolation. None of the available evidence focused specifically on social isolation, however this was often prevalent in the results. All of the studies were carried out in the USA and Israel, with none including the views of widowers. Further evidence is required, particularly relating to a UK-context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic, each country has adopted different control measures to contrast the epidemic's diffusion. Restrictions to mobility, public transport, and social life in general have been actuated to contain the spread of the pandemic. In this paper, we consider the deterministic SIRD model with delays proposed by Calleri et al., which is improved by adding the vaccinated compartment V (SIRDV model) and considering a time-dependent contact frequency. The three delays take into account the incubation time of the disease, the healing time, and the death time. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the vaccination campaigns in Great Britain (GBR) and Israel (ISR) during the pandemic period. The different restriction periods are included by fitting the contact frequency on real datasets as a piecewise constant function. As expected, the vaccination campaign reduces the amount of deaths and infected people. Furthermore, for the different levels of restriction policy, we find specific values of the contact frequency that can be used to predict the trend of the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes some population redistribution policy alternatives by examining the mechanisms used to influence population distribution patterns in the Netherlands, Great Britain and Israel. These nations were selected for study because they have public policies which, among other goals, seek to affect population redistribution and because the basic approaches to redistribution in these nations. Relevant policies in the Netherlands seek to reverse the net in-migration flow to the highly urbanized western part of the country. The British policies seek to alter long-term regional differences in population growth rates, due primarily to internal migration streams, which have resulted in the agglomeration of about two-thirds of the population in a zone of approximately 200 miles extending from London in the south-east to the Manchester metropolitan area. Israeli policies have been directed toward a reduction in the large proportion of the Jewish population living in the three major metropolitan regions of Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, and Haifa.