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Background and Aims Socialization and the ability to interact with others is essential. Healthy social growth requires the natural and healthy development of personality and learning social skills. Storytelling is a great way to help intellectual development in children. This study aims to investigate the effect of storytelling on the social-emotional skills of primary school male students in Iran. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design. The study population included all 12-year-old primary school male students in Tehran (educational district 1) in 2019-2020. Using a purposive sampling method, 40 eligible students were selected and randomly assigned to intervention (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. The intervention group received the storytelling program at 14 sessions of 30 minutes, two sessions per week. The Social-Emotional and Character Development Scale was used to collect the data, which was completed by the students. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results There was a significant difference between the two groups in social-emotional skills (P<0.05). The scores increased in the intervention group after storytelling. In the two-month follow-up phase, the changes were stable. Conclusion Storytelling is an effective way to increase primary school male students' social-emotional skills and can be used in educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this examination is determining the predictors of oral health behaviors among Iranian students in district 1 Tehran based on the health belief model with added commitment to plan construct. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 351 four grade female students in the first district of Tehran, Iran in 2017. The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to recruit students. The inclusion criteria were being in four - graded level of elementary schools of the 1st district in Tehran, being female students aged between 9-11 years and being physically and psychologically healthy student. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the variables that predict oral health behaviors. Results: Totally, (N= 31.8%) students reported that they were brushing less than twice a day and (N= 55.2%) students claimed using of dental floss once a week or less than once a day. The results indicated that perceived self-efficacy (OR=1.46, 95% CI=0.57-3.78, P<0.001), commitment to plan (OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.04-1.23, P<0.001) and cues to action (OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.14-1.76, P=0.002) were the significant predicting variables of brushing twice a day, and use of dental floss once a day or more (OR=1.02, 95% CI=0.23-3.53, P=0.003). Conclusion: This study has shown the effectiveness of the health belief model with added commitment to plan construct to predict oral health behavior in female students. Thus, it seems that the model as a acceptable framework for designing training programs to improve oral health behavior in students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Today there is still a shortage of postgraduates of medicine for multiple reasons. This study aims to determine factors related to Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Iran Universities students' educational and career tendencies. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consists of medical students of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences. A sample of 510 individuals was selected using simple random sampling method proportional to the category size.Data were collected using a structured questionnaire of acceptable validity and reliability. Descriptive statistical methods were used for data analysis. Results: Medicine was selected due to its social dignity, motivation to serve the people and interest in medical sciences affect studying medicine as a major .Existence of Medical Universities, improving information and abilities and the need for medical services in different areas affect physician's choice of working location .Simultaneous activity in both private and governmental sectors , disorganized in governmental sectors compared to well organized and well equipped private sector , affect physicians` choice of working sector . Realistic thinking instead of idealism, lack of adequate support from students and differences between the academic environment with student`s interest affect changing the students' educational and career tendency. Conclusion: Actions like regulating the capacity of medical students admission, improving the quality of studies, modification of human resources , better familiarity of students with medicine field while choosing the university field and financial support for young physicians could improve the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study of students' knowledge about air pollution can help authorities to have better imagination of this critical environmental problem. This research examines guidance school and high school students' ideas about air pollution and the results may be useful for the respective authorities to improve cultural and educational aspects of next generation. In this cross-sectional study, a closed questionnaire was used to examine knowledge and ideas of 2140 randomly selected school students of Tehran-Iran about composition of unpolluted air, air pollution and its causes and consequences. Cognitive scores were also calculated. Outcomes were compared with results of similar researches in Australia, Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. While a student's 'cognitive score' could range from -16 to +16, Iranian students' mean cognitive score was equal to +2.97. There was not significant statistical difference between girls and boys (P=0.32). In response to question "most common gas in unpolluted air" nitrogen was mentioned by only 23.7%, While 45.1% of students mentioned oxygen. In general, student's knowledge was not acceptable and there were some misconceptions such as "supposing oxygen as the most prevalent gas in unpolluted air". The findings of this survey indicate that, this important stratum of society of Iran have been received no sufficient and efficient education and sensitization on this matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There is a high tendency for consumption of soft drinks in Iran and worldwide. Scientific and medical community is concerned about the harmful side effects of such drinks. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with soft drink consumption in secondary school students in Farooj city in 2010. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. A convenience sample included 222 students studying in secondary schools in Farooj city. They were selected through multi-stage sampling method. The data were collected through two questionnaires made by the researcher. Reliability and validity of the scales were estimated. The data were analyzed using SPSS software for Windows. Results: The results showed that 94.1% of the students regularly consume soft drink. The majority of the students are drinking it at home and then in the parties. About half of the students reported that soft drink consumption can increase obesity, osteoporosis, teeth decay and reduce the appetite. Important reasons for soft drink consumption among the students were consumption of soft drink by friends, enjoying soft drink with meals, interest in flavored soft drinks and receiving pocket money of parents. Conclusion: The rate of consumption of soft drinks among the students is high. Interventional programs focusing on the most important factors affecting its consumption are recommended to be held. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Color -blindness is the inability to perceive differences between some color that other people can distinguish. Using a literature search , the results indicate the prevalence of color vision deficiency in the medical profession and its on medical skills. Medical laboratory technicians and technologists employees should also screen for color blindness. This research aimed to study color blindness prevalence among Hospitals' Clinical Laboratories' Employees and Students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). A cross- sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 633 TUMS Clinical Laboratory Sciences' Students and Hospitals' Clinical Laboratories' Employees to detect color - blindness problems by Ishihara Test. The tests were first screened with certain pictures, then compared to the Ishihara criteria to be possible color defective were tested further with other plates to determine color - blindness defects. The data was saved using with SPSS software and analyzed by statistical methods. This is the first study to determine the prevalence of color - blindness in Clinical Laboratory Sciences' Students and Employees. 2.4% of TUMS Medical Laboratory Sciences Students and Hospitals' Clinical Laboratories' Employees are color- blind. There is significant correlation between color - blindness and sex and age. But the results showed that there is not significant correlation between color -blindness defect and exposure to chemical agents, type of job , trauma and surgery history, history of familial defect and race. It would be a wide range of difficulties by color blinded students and employees in their practice of laboratory diagnosis and techniques with a potentially of errors. We suggest color blindness as a medical conditions should restrict employment choices for medical laboratory technicians and technologists job in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to standard and assign validity and reliability of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children - TSCC-A. Normative data for the TSCC-A were based on 3.042 students participating in a prevalence child abuse study in 19 different locations of Tehran and 140 participants who had been referred to the run away children centers in Tehran. After the TSCC was validated on run away and abused children, it was made available to researchers doing larger studies on normative group. Reliability analysis of the TSCC-A scales in the normative sample demonstrated high internal consistency. The evidence for its validations (convergent, discriminate and construct validity) showed that they were significantly acceptable. This paper presents data demonstrating the psychometric reliability and validity of the TSCC-A scales in Iranian student population. We suggest to include the TSCC-A in a battery of relevant standardized tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conference paper on factors contributing to emotional and behavioral disorders during the puberty period among girl students in Tehran, Iran, is presented. Results reveal that 47.4% of students admit their parents are not good role models for them, and 48.4% believe there is a discrimination in their family. Around 80% of girl students report that their mothers are main sources of information about puberty period.