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Background: Numerous studies have shown that vitamins reduce the risk of cancers, but the relationship between serum vitamin levels of vitamin D and B12 in breast cancer is still controversial. In this study, we evaluated serum levels of vitamin D and B12 in Haryana, India among patients with carcinoma breast and investigated their association with clinical and laboratory parameters. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to estimate and correlate the serum vitamin D and vitamin B-12 levels in patient with diagnosed carcinoma breast and in control subjects. Materials and Method: The present study comprises 60 subjects of both pre and post menopause women whom 30 are healthy controls and 30 are clinically confirmed cases of Breast Cancer, with an age group ranging from 38 to 70 years. Serum Vitamin D and B12 were estimated by ELISA Method. Results: The levels of vitamin D in serum was significantly (P > 0.05) low in clinically diagnosed breast Cancer patients (9.96 ± 2.45ng/dl) as compared to age and gender-matched healthy control subjects (24.54 ± 6.22ng/dl) and Serum vitamin B12 was significantly (P > 0.05) high in clinically diagnosed breast Cancer patients (1163.83 ± 135.77ng/dl) as compared to healthy control subjects (645.43 ± 134.22ng/dl). Conclusion: Many studies have shown that vitamin deficiency can be the primary cause of breast cancer. The current cogitation proved that raised serum Vitamin D and B12 are linked with the pathogenesis of autoimmune abnormal masses in Breast. It seems that Vitamin B12 level was no significant High and vitamin D levels are significantly low in the cases of Breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The primary objective of this study was to intervene with vitamin D supplementation in rural-based women with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) to prevent development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: This was an open-label randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in rural women with pre-diabetes and vitamin D deficiency (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888). Women aged 20-60 years with pre-diabetes were selected from rural Haryana (north India) and followed up for two years. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and behavioral details, like sun exposure, dietary habits, etc., The intervention group received vitamin D supplementation while control group received lactose granules as placebo. Equal doses of calcium carbonate were given to both the groups. Results: A total of 132 participants were recruited in the study (58 each in the intervention and control groups). It was observed that there was no statistical significance in the incidence of diabetes in the control group as compared to the intervention group at the end of 2 years (P = 0.701). Conclusion: Though during the first year there was some delay in development of DM in the intervention group but at the end of two years there was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation in delaying the incidence of diabetes in these women after two years. Trial registration: (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]