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Background and purpose: Severe thoracolumbar fractures are associated with spinal cord injury that potentially leads to sexual dysfunction. Our purpose is to study the factors that influence sexual dysfunction and its prognosis. Methods: This study included 117 male patients with thoracolumbar fractures and incomplete spinal cord injury. Data reflecting spinal cord functions and male sexual functions, including American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade, Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) score, International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5) score and The International Spinal Cord Injury Male Sexual Function Basic Data Set was obtained prior to injury, 3 months post-injury, at 2-year follow-up, and at final follow-up. Wilcoxon signed ranks test is used to verify whether there are differences in IIEF-5 and PEDT scores over time. Kendall's Tau-b correlation analysis is used to investigate factors affecting sexual function impairment and recovery. Results: The IIEF-5 score is 19.5 ± 6.4 before injury and 8.7 ± 8.0 after injury, representing a significant difference. The PEDT score is 5.3 ± 3.1 before injury and 6.9 ± 5.2 after injury, representing a significant difference. The IIEF-5 score at 2-year follow-up was 17.5 ± 7.1, markedly improved relative to post-injury; the average PEDT at 2-year follow-up is 6.4 ± 5.1, showing no considerable difference from post-injury. Conclusions: Thoracolumbar fractures combined with incomplete spinal cord injury may lead to decreased erectile function and premature ejaculation. The degree of spinal cord injury and the injured segment exhibit a strong correlation with the extent of reduced sexual function post-injury. Approximately 70% of patients have sexual function recover to pre-injury levels at the 2-year postoperative follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the skeletal muscle hypertrophic, architectural, and performance‐related adaptations in response to volume‐matched, total‐body flywheel versus traditional resistance training in a randomized, non‐exercise controlled study in physically active young adults. Thirty‐one healthy young adults (24 ± 3 y) were randomized to 10 weeks of traditional resistance training (TRT; n = 7F/5M), flywheel training (FWRT; n = 7F/4M), or a habitual activity control (CON; n = 5F/3M). Maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT), one repetition‐maximum (1RM) for the free weight squat and bench press, three repetition work maximum (3Wmax) for the flywheel squat and bench press, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance, as well as site‐specific muscle hypertrophy, fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle, were measured. Both TRT and FWRT increased MVIT (p ≤ 0.021) and FFM (p ≤ 0.032) compared to CON. However, TRT promoted superior improvements in free weight squat and bench 1RM (p < 0.001), and FWRT improved flywheel 3Wmax squat and bench (p < 0.001). FWRT increased the FL and cross‐sectional area of the distal VL, countermovement jump height, and broad jump distance (p ≤ 0.048), whereas TRT increased the pennation angle and cross‐sectional area of the proximal VL. Therefore, 10 weeks of volume‐matched, total‐body traditional, and flywheel resistance training similarly increased maximal isometric strength and fat‐free mass. However, FWRT promoted unique skeletal muscle architectural adaptations that likely contributed to region‐specific VL hypertrophy and jump performance improvements. Thus, FWRT provides a novel training stimulus that promotes architectural adaptations that support improved athletic performance in a manner that is not provided by traditional resistance exercise training. Highlights: Participants using the flywheel isoinertial training device developed unique skeletal muscle adaptations in the vastus lateralis compared to the traditional resistance training group.The flywheel group also increased both their countermovement jump height and broad jump distance, whereas there were no improvements in the traditional resistance training group.The traditional training group had greater improvements in the free weight back squat and bench press compared to the flywheel group.Both groups improved fat‐free mass and isometric strength to a similar degree compared to the habitually exercising control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Use of the satellite and reanalysis precipitation products, as supplementary data sources, are steadily rising for hydrometeorological applications, especially in data-sparse areas. However, the accuracy of these data sets is often lacking, especially in Turkey. This study evaluates the accuracy of satellite precipitation product (TRMM 3B42V7) and reanalysis precipitation product (NCEP-CFSR) against rain gauge observations for the 1998–2010 periods. Average annual precipitation for the 25 basins in Turkey was calculated using rain gauge precipitation data from 225 stations. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) method was used to calculate areal precipitation for each basin using GIS. According to the results of statistical analysis, the coefficient of determination for the TRMM product gave satisfactory results (R2 > 0.88). However, R2 for the CFSR data set ranges from 0.35 for the Eastern Black Sea basin to 0.93 for the West Mediterranean basin. RMSE was calculated to be 95.679 mm and 128.097 mm for the TRMM and CFSR data, respectively. The NSE results of TRMM data showed very good performance for 6 basins, while the PBias value showed very good performance for 7 basins. The NSE results of CFSR data showed very good performance for 3 basins, while the PBias value showed very good performance for 6 basins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses studies on the relationship between hospital services and health costs, the Automatic Interaction Detector (AID) hospital classification model, and accounting measures of performance in the United States. The AID classification algorithm was tested with a sample of hospitals from the American Hospital Association to identify controllable decision variables that can be used in cost containment strategies. Factor and discriminant analysis, eigenvectors, classification criteria, and six components of performance variables are mentioned. Statistics include price and efficiency ratios from structure matrices and percentages of explained variation in total variance by each principal component, as well as hospital costs, revenues, and operating statistics.

Background: A traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula, HZJW, has been applied in clinics in China for gastrointestinal disorders. However, the therapeutic mechanism underlying its efficacy and safety remained to be defined. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the formula HZJW for its gastroprotective potential, possible effect on Helicobacter pylori along with safety to justify its anti-ulcer action and safe clinical application. Methods: The gastroduodenal cytoprotective potential was evaluated in rodent experimental models (HCl/Ethanol and NSAID-induced ulcer protocols). The anti-H. pylori property was assessed by agar dilution assay in vitro and analysis in vivo including rapid urease test, immunogold test and histopathology. For toxicity assessment, acute toxicity study was performed according to fixed dose procedure with a single oral administration of HZJW to mice. In the oral chronic toxicity, rats (80 males, 80 females) were administrated HZJW orally in 0, 1000, 2500, or 5000 mg/kg/day doses for 26 weeks (n = 40/group of each sex). Clinical signs, mortality, body weights, feed consumption, ophthalmology, hematology, serum biochemistry, gross findings, organ weights and histopathology were examined at the end of the 13- and 26-week dosing period, as well as after the 4-week recovery period. Results: In the HCl/Ethanol-induced ulcer model, it was observed that oral administration with HZJW (260, 520 and 1040 mg/kg) and ranitidine (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the ulcerative lesion index (116.70 ± 36.4, 102.20 ± 18.20, 84.10 ± 12.1 and 73.70 ± 16.70) in a dose-dependent manner, respectively, with respect to control group (134.10 ± 31.69). Significant inhibition was also observed in ulcerative index from aspirin-induced ulcer model, with decreases of 35.40 ± 5.93, 31.30 ± 8.08, 26.80 ± 8.27and 20.40 ± 6.93 for the groups treated with HZJW and ranitidine, in parallel to controls (41.60 ± 10.80). On the other hand, treatment with HZJW efficaciously eradicated H. pylori in infected mice in rapid urease test (RUT) and immunogold antibody assay, as further confirmed by reduction of H. pylori presence in histopathological analysis. In the in vitro assay, MICs for HZJW and amoxicillin (positive control) were 125 and 0.12 μg/mL respectively. The LD50 of HZJW was over 18.0 g/kg for mice. No drug-induced abnormalities were found as clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, hematology, blood biochemistry, ophthalmology and histopathology results across three doses. No target organ was identified. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of HZJW was determined to be 5,000 mg/kg/day for both sexes, a dose that was equivalent to 50 times of human dose. Conclusions: These results suggested the efficacy and safety of HZJW in healing peptic ulcer and combating H. pylori, which corroborated their conventional indications and contributed to their antiulcer pharmacological validation, lending more credence to its clinical application for the traditional treatment of stomach complaints symptomatic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). HZJW might have the potential for further development as a safe and effective alternative/complementary to conventional medication in treating gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several charts are presented that list labor statistics, including labor market indicators, annual and quarterly percent changes in compensation, prices and productivity and alternative measures of wages and compensation changes.

The article presents principal statistical series collected and calculated by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. These include data on labor force, employment, unemployment, labor compensation, consumer, producer and international prices, productivity, international comparisons and injury and illness statistics. To eliminate the effect of factors such as climatic conditions, industry production schedules, opening and closing of schools, holiday buying periods and vacation practices, certain monthly and quarterly date were adjusted.

The article presents current labor statistics in the U.S., which are collected and calculated by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. General notes on several topics are discussed, including Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS), Compensation and Wage Data, and National Compensation Survey (NCS) benefit measures. Data in each group of tables are briefly described, key definitions are given and sources of additional information are cited. Several charts are presented including labor market indicators, percent changes in compensation, prices and productivity, and labor force data.

The article presents the principal statistical series collected and calculated by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Notes are included which describe groups of tables such as those on seasonal adjustments, comparative indicators and adjustments for price changes. Definitions of terms used are provided, such as employed and unemployed persons and the civilian labor force. Tables of labor market indicators, percent changes in compensation and employment status of populations are presented.

Presents information on domestic financial statistics of the Federal Reserve Banks. Evaluation of reserves, money stock and debt measures; Information on reserves of depository institutions and Reserve Bank credit; Assessment of reserves and borrowings of depository institutions.

Presents price data gathered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics from retail and primary markets in the U.S. as of 1981. Consumer Price Index for urban wage earners and clerical workers; Producer Price Indexes by stage of processing.

Presents labor market statistics in the United States as of May 1967. Labor force and employment; Labor turnover; Consumer and wholesale prices.

Presents labor statistics in the United States, compiled as of January 1965. Employment; Labor turnover; Earnings and hours; Consumer and wholesale prices.

The historical series from the national income and product accounts (NIPAs) have been updated to present revised estimates from the 2009 benchmark revision and the "second" estimates for the second [...]

3. Government Current Receipts and Expenditures Table 3.1. Government Current Receipts and Expenditures [Billions of dollars] Line 2007 2008 Current receipts 1 4,177.8 4,119.7 Current tax receipts 2 2,948.5 2,848.6 [...]

The historical series from the national income and product accounts (NIPAs) have been updated to present revised estimates from the 2008 annual revision and the 'advance' estimates for the second [...]

This set of tables presents the results of the annual revision of the national income and product accounts (NIPAs) that have been released beginning July 29, 2005. This set presents [...]

The historical series from the national income and product accounts (NIPAs) have been updated to present revised estimates from the 2004 annual revision and the 'advance' estimates for the second [...]

Today, BEA is releasing revised estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and other national income and product accounts (NIPAs) series from 1929 through the second quarter of 2003. Comprehensive revisions, [...]

A. Selected NIPA Tables The tables in this section include the most recent estimates of gross domestic product and its components; these estimates were released on June 26, 2003 and [...]

This section presents an extensive selection of economic statistics prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and a brief selection of collateral statistics prepared by other Government agencies and [...]

A. Selected NIPA Tables The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on June 29, 2006. [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on April 28, 2006. These estimates include the [...]

National Data A. Selected NIPA Tables The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on March [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on February 28, 2006. These estimates include the [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on January 27, 2006. These estimates include the [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on December 21, 2005. These estimates include the [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on November 30, 2005. These estimates include the [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on October 28, 2005. These estimates include the [...]

The selected set of NIPA tables presents the most recent estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) and its components that were released on September 29, 2005. These estimates include the [...]