344 results
Search Results
2. University Students and Informational Social Networks: Total Sceptics, Dual Moderates or Pro-Digitals
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Gavilan, Diana, Martinez-Navarro, Gema, and Fernández-Lores, Susana
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The goal of the present work is to analyze the use of social networks as a tool for social empowerment by Spanish university students, and their perception of the university as an institution that contributes to the formation of a critical and active citizenship, that provides them with the relevant digital competences. The literature review shows possible discrepancies regarding the effect of new forms of digital communication in empowering young people, specially university students, as well as the existence of issues related to clarify this digital stage. Following, a typological analysis of the perception of university students regarding social information networks, social empowerment and the role of the university is presented. Using the data collected through a structured questionnaire of a sample of 236 students of social science degrees, an analysis of typologies is performed with the algorithm K Medias. Three clusters significantly different--labeled as "total sceptics", "dual moderates" and "pro-digitals"--are identified. Its prevalence and its characterization are explained: belief and behaviour profiles related to these beliefs. The paper concludes with several recommendations for future research regarding the perception of the students about the use of social networks as a tool for social transformation and the role of the university in this area.
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- 2017
3. Comparison of the web-based and paper [corrected] questionnaires of the Spanish and Catalan versionsof the KIDSCREEN-52
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Luis Rajmil, Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer, Dolors Rodriguez-Arjona, Francisco Codina, Marta Azuara, Noemí Robles, Hein Raat, and Public Health
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Male ,Psychometrics ,Adolescent ,Intraclass correlation ,Science ,education ,Social Sciences ,Pediatrics ,World Wide Web ,Sex Factors ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Psychology ,Medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Language ,Internet ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Child Health ,Age Factors ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Construct validity ,Correction ,Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire ,Missing data ,language.human_language ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Spain ,Test score ,language ,Ceiling effect ,Catalan ,Female ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
BackgroundThe objectives of the study were to develop web-based Spanish and Catalan versions of the KIDSCREEN, and to compare scores and psychometric properties with the paper version.MethodsInternet and paper Spanish and Catalan versions of the KIDSCREEN-52 were included in a cross-sectional study in school-age children. Web-based and paper Spanish or Catalan versions of the KIDSCREEN-52 were administered to students aged 8 to 18 years from primary and secondary schools in Palafolls (Barcelona, Spain, n = 923). All students completed both web-based and paper versions during school time with an interval of at least 2 hours between administrations. The order of administration was randomized. The KIDSCREEN-52, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and sociodemographic variables were collected. Missing values, floor and ceiling effects, and internal consistency were compared between both versions, as well as mean score differences, level of agreement, and known groups and construct validity.ResultsParticipation rate was 77% (n = 715). Web-based and paper versions showed low percentage of missing values and similar high ceiling effect (range 0 to 44%). Mean score differences showed an effect size (ES) lower than 0.2 in all dimensions. Internal consistency ranged from 0.7 to 0.88, and degree of agreement was excellent (Intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] range 0.75 to 0.87). Expected differences were seen by sex, age, socioeconomic status and mental health status.ConclusionsThe web-based KIDSCREEN-52 showed similar scale score and reliability and validity than the paper version. It will incorporate the child population in the assessment of quality of life providing a more attractive format.
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- 2014
4. University-Industry Collaboration from a Relationship Marketing Perspective: An Empirical Analysis in a Spanish University
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Frasquet, Marta, Calderon, Haydee, and Cervera, Amparo
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Building relationships between universities and industry bodies is of prime importance for creating value for universities' stakeholders. This paper focuses on relationships in relation to undergraduate internship programmes in the Social Sciences. Using the relationship marketing approach, we analyze this type of collaboration of firms with a large public Spanish University. We build and test a structural equations model whose results show that communication is a key building block of relationships, having a positive effect on satisfaction with the relationship, trust and functionality of conflict, and that trust and commitment increase the level of collaboration of firms with universities.
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- 2012
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5. Differences in the Socio-Emotional Competency Profile in University Students from different Disciplinary Area
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Castejon, Juan Luis, Cantero, Ma. Pilar, and Perez, Nelida
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Introduction: The main objective of this paper is to establish a profile of socio-emotional competencies characteristic of a sample of students from each of the big academic areas in higher education: legal sciences, social sciences, education, humanities, science and technology, and health. An additional objective was to analyse differences between these fields. Method: The study was carried out on a large sample (N=608) of university students from 14 different programs at the University of Alicante (Spain). Assessment was taken using different measures of emotional intelligence, such as TMMS and EQ-i. Results: Results of the one-way analysis of variance among the different scientific fields revealed that significant differences appear in practically all aspects of Emotional Intelligence, except for the stress management variable. Discussion: Based on these results, implications are drawn for developing generic socio-emotional competencies in the framework of the European Space for Higher Education. (Contains 4 tables.)
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- 2008
6. An overview of European supply of social science information. Paper presented in ECSSID VI Conference, Canterbury, 1991
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Jean Meyriat and Adelaida Román Román
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Francia ,españa ,comparative analysis ,databases ,Computer science ,bases de datos ,España ,Directory ,Library and Information Sciences ,Social sciences ,Bibliography. Library science. Information resources ,análisis comparativo ,Information supply ,Software ,Belgium ,Bélgica ,francia ,Ciencias sociales ,Social science ,italia ,Portugal ,business.industry ,ciencias sociales ,ltaly ,bélgica ,portugal ,lcsh:Z ,Italia ,lcsh:Bibliography. Library science. Information resources ,Spain ,France ,business - Abstract
On the basis of the EUROSPES Directory of Social Sciences Data Bases, issued in 1990, this paper aims to analyze the information supply throghout the data bases created in the latin language European countries. It is divided into two parts. in the first part thc study shows thc main traits of the information contained in the data bases: kind of information offered, subjects covered, information technologics used, bibliographic rules. etc. The information diffusion is also studied: vendors, software. helping tools for users, services offered for access. The second part is devoted to thc analysis of the data described in the first part: a comparative study on the availability of information by country is given: this comparativc analysis goes over softwares compatibility, exchange formats, quality of access services, prices, training offered, etc. It finishes with sorne conclusions ahout the foreseen dcvelopmcnts and also about the possibility of coopcration in order to a more complete and efficient supply of automatic information on Social Sciences. Tomando como fuente de información para esta comunicación el Repertorio EUROSPES de Bases de Datos en Ciencias Sociales editado en 1990, se analiza la oferta de Información a través de las Bases de Datos creadas en los países europeos de habla latina. El objetivo del trabajo que se presenta es conocer, de manera detallada, los rasgos que definen esta oferta en cada país y en el conjunto de países estudiados. Estructurado en dos partes, en la primera se ofrecen, en primer lugar, datos sobre las características de la información contenida en las bases de datos: naturaleza de la información, temas sobre los que versa, cobertura temporal, técnicas documentales utilizadas, normas de descripción bibliográfica, productores de esas Bases de Datos. En segundo lugar, se estudian los aspectos relativos a la distribución de la información: distribuidores, -paquetes de gestión de bases de datos, instrumentos de ayuda al usuario para las consultas, tipo de acceso que se ofrece. La segunda parte se dedica al análisis de los datos aportados en la primera: distribución de la producción de bases de datos por temas, países y años, estudio de las áreas temáticas no cubiertas, comparación de las técnicas documentales empleadas, compatibilidad de los paquetes de gestión y de los formatos informáticos, análisis de la calidad de los servicios de acceso, precios, formación ofrecida, etc. Se finaliza con unas conclusiones orientadas a proponer los desarrollos deseables para el conjunto de paises así como las posibilidades de cooperación con vistas a mejorar la oferta de información automatizada en Ciencias Sociales.
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- 1992
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7. COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES): Analysis of the impact of confinement in eating disorders and obesity—A collaborative international study
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Raquel Linares, Brigita Bax, Andreas Karwautz, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Daniel Stein, Michiko Nakazato, Michael Zeiler, Violeta L. Moize, Lucero Munguía, Carlota Gudiol, Gema Frühbeck, Daniel Le Grange, Hana Papezova, Jue Chen, Laurence Claes, Katie Rowlands, Jéssica Sánchez-González, Teresa Rangil, Sara Bujalance-Arguijo, Sergey V. Popov, Jose Soriano-Pacheco, Mikhail F. Borisenkov, Mikel Etxandi, Jordi Carratalà, Ia Shekriladze, Maria Eulalia Loran Meler, Bea Pászthy, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Kate Tchanturia, Anders Håkansson, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Ferenc Túry, Mar Carceller-Sindreu, Tetiana Ilnytska, Emilio Ortega, Nathalie Godart, Trevor Steward, Janet Treasure, Robert van Voren, Youl-Ri Kim, José Manuel Fernández-Real, Carlos Dieguez, Angela Favaro, Eduardo Serrano-Troncoso, Roser Granero, Francisco J. Tinahones, Isabel Sánchez, Koen Luyckx, Alba Andreu, Paulo P. P. Machado, Meritxell Lozano, Isabel Baenas, University Hospital of Bellvitge, CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición ( (CIBEROBN)), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), University of Barcelona, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja (UNIR), University of Melbourne, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Girona Biomedical Research Institute [Girona, Spain] (IDIBGI), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga [Malaga, Espagne] (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], CIMUS Biomedical Research Institute [Santiago de Compostela], Clínica Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King‘s College London, Ilia State University [Tbilisi], Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, University of Padua, KU Leuven (KU Leuven), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, University of the Free State [South Africa], Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu [Barcelona, Spain], Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Institut Català d'Oncologia--IDIBELL. L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, REIPI (Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases), University of Minho [Braga], Lund University [Lund], Semmelweis University [Budapest], The Chaim Sheba Medical Center [Tel Hashomer, Israel], Vilnius University [Vilnius], Inje University, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital (IUHW Hospital), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris (IMM), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, School of Medicine [Shanghai Jiaotong University], Shanghai Jiaotong University, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, MINECO: PSI2015-68701-R Generalitat de Catalunya Generalitat de Catalunya Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028145 European Regional Development Fund, FEDER Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, CIBEROBN Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM European Regional Development Fund, FEDER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII: INT19/00046, PI17/01167, We thank CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support. This manuscript and research was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad (PSI2015-68701-R), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (INT19/00046 and PI17/01167) and co-funded by FEDER funds /European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe. CIBERobn, CIBERsam and CIBERDEM are all initiatives of ISCIII. GMB is supported by a postdoctoral grant from FUNCIVA. This initiative is supported by Generalitat de Catalunya. LM is supported by a postdoctoral grant of the Mexican institution Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog?a (CONACYT). PPM was supported, in part, by a Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology grant (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028145). IB was partially supported by a Post-Residency Grant from Research Committee of the University Hospital of Bellvitge (HUB, Barcelona, Spain) 2019-2020. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., and Universidade do Minho
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Male ,Conference Paper ,confirmatory factor analysis ,050103 clinical psychology ,obesity ,patient satisfaction ,Psychology, Clinical ,Social Sciences ,Anorexia nervosa ,anorexia nervosa ,mental disease ,0302 clinical medicine ,anxiety disorder ,Psicologia [Ciências Sociais] ,Psychology ,prevention and control ,psychological rating scale ,social acceptance ,Bulimia nervosa ,Special Issue ,COVID Isolation Eating Scale ,05 social sciences ,Statistical ,Middle Aged ,Confirmatory factor analysis ,3. Good health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Eating disorders ,Clinical Psychology ,Social Isolation ,eating disorder ,symptomatology ,Ciências Sociais::Psicologia ,Female ,telemedicine ,patient participation ,COVID-19 ,Factor Analysis ,Clinical psychology ,Psychopathology ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Psychometrics ,Clinical Sciences ,emotion ,mood disorder ,eating disorders ,VALIDATION ,Feeding and Eating Disorders ,body weight ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Cronbach's alpha ,COVID‐19 ,medicine ,Humans ,controlled study ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,human ,Aged ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,behavior ,business.industry ,pandemic ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,treatment response ,medicine.disease ,major clinical study ,Obesity ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,bulimia ,Spain ,psychometry ,business ,Factor Analysis, Statistical - Abstract
Confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have a serious and complex impact on the mental health of patients with an eating disorder (ED) and of patients with obesity. The present manuscript has the following aims: (1) to analyse the psychometric properties of the COVID Isolation Eating Scale (CIES), (2) to explore changes that occurred due to confinement in eating symptomatology; and (3) to explore the general acceptation of the use of telemedicine during confinement. The sample comprised 121 participants (87 ED patients and 34 patients with obesity) recruited from six different centres. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) tested the rational-theoretical structure of the CIES. Adequate goodness-of-fit was obtained for the confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach alpha values ranged from good to excellent. Regarding the effects of confinement, positive and negative impacts of the confinement depends of the eating disorder subtype. Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and with obesity endorsed a positive response to treatment during confinement, no significant changes were found in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients, whereas Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) patients endorsed an increase in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology. Furthermore, AN patients expressed the greatest dissatisfaction and accommodation difficulty with remote therapy when compared with the previously provided face-to-face therapy. The present study provides empirical evidence on the psychometric robustness of the CIES tool and shows that a negative confinement impact was associated with ED subtype, whereas OSFED patients showed the highest impairment in eating symptomatology and in psychopathology., This manuscript and research was supported by grants from the Ministeriode Economía y Competitividad (PSI2015-68701-R), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (FIS PI14/00290/ INT19/00046nd PI17/01167) and co-funded by FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe. CIBERobn, CIBERsam and CIBERDEM are all initiatives of ISCIII. GMB is supported by a postdoctoral grant from FUNCIVA. This initiative is supported by Generalitat de Catalunya. LM is supported by a postdoctoral grant of the mexican institution Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT). PPM was supported, in part, by a Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology grant (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028145). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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- 2020
8. Risk of hospitalization due to pneumococcal disease in adults in Spain. The CORIENNE study
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Ángel Gil-de-Miguel, Ruth Gil-Prieto, Alejandro Álvaro-Meca, Raquel Pascual-García, and Stefan Walter
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0301 basic medicine ,Burden of disease ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pneumococcal disease ,Adolescent ,030106 microbiology ,Immunology ,Risk Assessment ,Pneumococcal Infections ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Pharmacology ,High rate ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Incidence ,social sciences ,Health Care Costs ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Research Papers ,humanities ,Hospitalization ,Spain ,Pneumococcal pneumonia ,Female ,business - Abstract
Pneumococcal disease causes a high burden of disease in adults, leading to high rates of hospitalization, especially in the elderly. All hospital discharges for pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia among adults over 18 y of age reported in first diagnostic position in 2011 (January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2011) were obtained. A total of 10,861 hospital discharges due to pneumococcal disease were reported in adults in Spain in 2011 with an annual incidence of hospitalization of 0.285 (CI 95%: 0.280-0.291) per 1,000 population over 18 y old. Case-fatality rate was 8%. Estimated cost of these hospitalisations in 2011 was more than 57 million €. Pneumococcal pneumonia accounted for the 92% of the hospital discharges All the chronic condition studied: asplenia, chronic respiratory disease, chronic heart disease, chronic renal disease, Diabetes Mellitus and immunosuppression, increased the risk of hospitalization in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, especially in those aged 18-64 y old. Case-fatality rate among adult patients hospitalized with at least one underlying condition was significantly higher than among patients without comorbidities. Our results identified asplenia, chronic respiratory disease, chronic heart disease, chronic renal disease, chronic liver disease, Diabetes Mellitus and immunosuppression as risk groups for hospitalization. Older adults, immunocompromised patients and immunocompetent patients with underlying conditions could benefit from vaccination.
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- 2016
9. Facing yet another crisis? Gender-based violence policies at the Spanish local level during COVID-19
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Natalia Paleo Mosquera, Alba Alonso Álvarez, and Isabel Diz Otero
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equality policies ,local level ,crisis ,gender-based violence ,Information Centre for Women ,Spain ,Social Sciences ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
Analyses show that crises like the Covid-19 pandemic had gendered effects. This paper explores its impact on gender-based violence (GBV) policies in Spain. We carry out an empirical analysis addressing the case of Information Centres for Women, a local institution in the region of Galicia aimed at promoting equality and tackling GBV. We use a survey to gather information on three key dimensions of GBV policies (resources, actions and coordination) before, during, and after the pandemic. The study shows that there were no significant setbacks in terms of funding and personnel during lockdown. Yet, resources were not enlarged despite increasing levels of violence. Actions had to focus on priority issues and preventive measures were mostly paralyzed, while coordination with other institutions became more difficult. Data gathered for the post-pandemic period indicates that some of these changes remained in place. The article contributes to academic debates by delving into an understudied policy issue: the impact of the pandemic on equality policies at the local level.
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- 2023
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10. Resistance and counter-resistance to gender equality policies in Spanish universities
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Cecilia Castaño Collado and Susana Vázquez-Cupeiro
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Feminist Institutionalism ,Gender equality policies in universities ,Equality Units ,Power Resistances ,Counter-resistances ,Spain ,Social Sciences ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
Resistance in academia is a pervasive phenomenon. Gender equality was prescribed more than a decade ago in Spain, but the problem remains unsolved. Contributing to feminist institutionalism, this paper identifies both the manifestations of resistance intended to interfere in the implementation of gender equality initiatives in Spanish universities and the strategic responses enacted by gender equality agents to counteract those resistances. To this end, we conducted in-depth interviews with the female directors of Equality Units (EqUs) at six public universities in Madrid. Despite increasing support for gender equality, the research results confirm the existence of a complex web of resistance. EqUs deploy a wide range of strategies to neutralise the refusal to accept or comply with gender equality initiatives, but these are mainly, albeit not exclusively, embodied in actions of survival. We argue that although limited, these specialised bodies’ capacity for agency has not been obliterated and could be used to put alternative and more proactive counter strategies in place to bring about fundamental change. Overall, the findings yield new insights into the progress of and resistance to gender equality initiatives in universities.
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- 2023
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11. Els estudis fílmics en el context de les ciències socials: una anàlisi d'autors, objectes i metodologies en les revistes d'impacte espanyoles (2012-2017).
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Rodríguez Serrano, Aarón, Palao Errando, José Antonio, and Marzal Felici, Javier
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Copyright of BiD is the property of Facultat de Biblioteconomia i Documentacio, Universitat de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2019
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12. Accuracy gains from conservative forecasting: Tests using variations of 19 econometric models to predict 154 elections in 10 countries.
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Graefe, Andreas, Green, Kesten C., and Armstrong, J. Scott
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ELECTIONS & economics ,ECONOMETRIC models ,REGRESSION analysis ,FUTUROLOGISTS ,COEFFICIENTS (Statistics) - Abstract
Problem: Do conservative econometric models that comply with the Golden Rule of Forecasting provide more accurate forecasts? Methods: To test the effects of forecast accuracy, we applied three evidence-based guidelines to 19 published regression models used for forecasting 154 elections in Australia, Canada, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, U.K., and the U.S. The guidelines direct forecasters using causal models to be conservative to account for uncertainty by (I) modifying effect estimates to reflect uncertainty either by damping coefficients towards no effect or equalizing coefficients, (II) combining forecasts from diverse models, and (III) incorporating more knowledge by including more variables with known important effects. Findings: Modifying the econometric models to make them more conservative reduced forecast errors compared to forecasts from the original models: (I) Damping coefficients by 10% reduced error by 2% on average, although further damping generally harmed accuracy; modifying coefficients by equalizing coefficients consistently reduced errors with average error reductions between 2% and 8% depending on the level of equalizing. Averaging the original regression model forecast with an equal-weights model forecast reduced error by 7%. (II) Combining forecasts from two Australian models and from eight U.S. models reduced error by 14% and 36%, respectively. (III) Using more knowledge by including all six unique variables from the Australian models and all 24 unique variables from the U.S. models in equal-weight “knowledge models” reduced error by 10% and 43%, respectively. Originality: This paper provides the first test of applying guidelines for conservative forecasting to established election forecasting models. Usefulness: Election forecasters can substantially improve the accuracy of forecasts from econometric models by following simple guidelines for conservative forecasting. Decision-makers can make better decisions when they are provided with models that are more realistic and forecasts that are more accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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13. Analysis of Spanish Participation in the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Projects within the 6th European Union Framework Programme (2002-2006).
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Sulé, Andreu, Somoza, Marta, and Ardanuy, Jordi
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SOCIAL participation ,SOCIAL sciences ,SCIENCE projects ,DATABASES - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Española de Documentación Científica is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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14. Between the city and the country: Heterogeneous victimization experiences among LGBTI individuals
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Ignacio Elpidio Domínguez Ruiz
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LGBTI ,test of Independence ,victimization ,Spain ,inequality ,rurality ,Social Sciences - Abstract
The wide range of victimization experiences and life conditions of LGBTI individuals (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex), far from being homogeneous, shows a significant geographical variation. Within countries and global regions, but even within provinces and smaller territories, unequal experiences have caught both academic and media attention, providing key concepts and insights. The disparities between European Union member states, for instance, have fuelled comparisons between Western and Eastern countries. Drawing from Spanish survey data on victimization experiences and life conditions of LGBTI individuals, this paper explores how said experiences relate to the respondents’ place of residence, within a rural–urban continuum. The chi-squared test of independence and the use of standardized residuals allows us to reject the apparent homogeneity of experiences among LGBTI individuals, as well as to distinguish between the specificities of each participant category along the spatial continuum. This paper argues for a nuanced perspective that prioritizes disparities and inequalities rather than commonalities, while also considering the shared system of oppression that informs said differences.
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- 2022
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15. Feminismo y libertad. Comentarios a los textos de Julia Varela y Fernando Álvarez-Uría
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María Dolores Avia Aranda
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Anarquismo ,moviment feminista ,anarquisme ,emancipació de la dona ,Espanya ,feminist movement ,anarchism ,empowerment of women ,Spain ,Sociology and Political Science ,España ,Social Sciences ,Movimiento feminista ,Anarchism ,Emancipación de la mujer ,Emancipació de la dona ,HM401-1281 ,Feminist movement ,anarquismo ,movimiento feminista ,Empowerment of women ,Moviment feminista ,emancipación de la mujer ,Sociology (General) ,Anarquisme ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
En mi trabajo, hago unas reflexiones críticas sobre los textos de Julia Varela y Fernando Álvarez-Uría, autores que resaltan el papel de mujeres pioneras en el movimiento feminista español y de emancipación femenina. Comentando el texto de Varela, añado unos datos adicionales sobre otra mujer de la época, Mercedes Escribano, que comparte muchos rasgos con las mujeres que ella estudia. Sobre el texto de Álvarez-Uría, subrayo los aspectos diferenciales en el funcionamiento psicológico, interpersonal y social de mujeres y varones, un tema que él destaca. La coherencia entre las propuestas de los dos trabajos se destaca en el texto., In this paper, I make some critical comments about the contributions of Julia Varela and Fernando Álvarez-Uría in which they emphasize the role of pioneer women in Spanish feminism and the emancipation of women. In my comments to Varela’s paper, I have added some biographical notes on a woman, Mercedes Escribano, who lived at the same time and shared many aspects with the women that she studies. My comments on Álvarez-Uría’s text are based on the differential aspects of men and women in psychological, interpersonal and social functioning; a topic which he widely studies. The consistency among these two proposals is emphasized., En el meu treball, faig unes reflexions crítiques sobre els textos de Julia Varela i Fernando Álvarez-Uría, autors que ressalten el paper de dones pioneres en el moviment feminista espanyol i d’emancipació femenina. Comentant el text de Varela, hi afegeixo unes dades addicionals sobre una altra dona de l’època, Mercedes Escribano, que comparteix molts trets amb les dones que ella estudia. Sobre el text d’Álvarez-Uría, subratllo els aspectes diferencials en el funcionament psicològic, interpersonal i social de dones y homes, un tema que ell destaca. La coherència entre les propostes de tots dos treballs es destaca en el text.
- Published
- 2021
16. Evolution and study of a copycat effect in intimate partner homicides: A lesson from Spanish femicides.
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Torrecilla, José L., Quijano-Sánchez, Lara, Liberatore, Federico, López-Ossorio, Juan J., and González-Álvarez, José L.
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HOMICIDE ,INTIMATE partner violence ,INJURY risk factors ,TIME series analysis ,VIOLENT crimes ,BIOLOGICAL evolution - Abstract
Objectives: This paper focuses on the issue of intimate partner violence and, specifically, on the distribution of femicides over time and the existence of copycat effects. This is the subject of an ongoing debate often triggered by the social alarm following multiple intimate partner homicides (IPHs) occurring in a short span of time. The aim of this research is to study the evolution of IPHs and provide a far-reaching answer by rigorously analyzing and searching for patterns in data on femicides. Methods: The study analyzes an official dataset, provided by the system VioGén of the Secretaría de Estado de Seguridad (Spanish State Secretariat for Security), including all the femicides occurred in Spain in 2007-2017. A statistical methodology to identify temporal interdependencies in count time series is proposed and applied to the dataset. The same methodology can be applied to other contexts. Results: There has been a decreasing trend in the number of femicides per year. No interdependencies among the temporal distribution of femicides are observed. Therefore, according to data, the existence of copycat effect in femicides cannot be claimed. Conclusions: Around 2011 there was a clear change in the average number of femicides which has not picked up. Results allow for an informed answer to the debate on copycat effect in Spanish femicides. The planning of femicides prevention activities should not be a reaction to a perceived increase in their occurrence. As a copycat effect is not detected in the studied time period, there is no evidence supporting the need to censor media reports on femicides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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17. The economic value of time of informal care and its determinants (The CUIDARSE Study).
- Author
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Oliva-Moreno, Juan, Peña-Longobardo, Luz María, García-Mochón, Leticia, del Río Lozano, María, Mosquera Metcalfe, Isabel, and García-Calvente, María del Mar
- Subjects
CONTINGENT valuation ,WILLINGNESS to pay ,OPPORTUNITY costs ,SOCIAL values - Abstract
Objective: The main aims of this paper are to analyse the monetary value of informal care time using different techniques and to identify significant variables associated with the number of caregiving hours. Data and methods: A multicentre study in two Spanish regions in adult caregivers was conducted. A total sample of 604 people was available. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify the variables associated with the number of hours of caregiving time. In the monetary valuation of informal care provided, three approaches were used: replacement cost method, opportunity cost and contingent valuation (willingness to pay and willingness to accept). Results: The main determinants of the amount of time of informal care provided were age, gender, the level of care receiver´s dependence and the professional care services received (at home and out of home). The value estimated for informal care time ranges from EUROS 80,247 (replacement cost method) to EUROS 14,325 (willingness to pay), with intermediate values of EUROS 27,140 and EUROS 29,343 (opportunity cost and willingness to accept, respectively). Several sensitivity analyses were performed over the base cases, confirming the previous results. Conclusions: Time of informal care represents a great social value, regardless of the applied technique. However, the results can differ strongly depending on the technique chosen. Therefore, the choice of technique of valuation is not neutral. Among the determinants of informal care time, the professional care received at home has a complementary character to informal care, while the formal care outside the home has a substitute character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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18. An index-based method for evaluating seismic retrofitting techniques. Application to a reinforced concrete primary school in Huelva.
- Author
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Requena-García-Cruz, María-Victoria, Morales-Esteban, Antonio, Durand-Neyra, Percy, and Estêvão, João M. C.
- Subjects
REINFORCED concrete ,PRIMARY schools ,RETROFITTING ,NONLINEAR analysis - Abstract
A project named PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese) is being developed. It aims to cooperatively assess and improve the seismic vulnerability of primary schools in the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain). A large number of schools have to be analysed. In order to determine which seismic retrofitting technique is optimal, an index-based method is presented in this paper. It considers three parameters: first, the efficiency of the seismic retrofitting technique in relation to the structural improvement obtained; second, the cost of the implementation of the retrofitting technique; and third, the architectural impact. It should be mentioned that a specific measurement for each solution according to its geometry has been performed. Also, coefficients to consider the singularities of each analysis and the importance of the parameters (number of buildings, typology, available funds, etc.) in the study are considered. The most representative primary school of Huelva has been chosen to test the index-based method. The most suitable retrofitting techniques for this type of buildings have been tested. The retrofitting technique which most increased the seismic performance has been the addition of X and V bracings within the building’s bays. Furthermore, the analyses have revealed that adding the retrofitting elements in the most vulnerable direction of the building provides a high efficiency. The results have also shown that implementing techniques of lower architectural impact gives acceptable results. The analysis of the mean damage level index has shown that the building would experiment a severe damage. All the retrofitting techniques applied have reduced it, at least, up to moderate damage. Finally, it should be noted that the position of the retrofitting elements is also paramount for providing an optimal retrofitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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19. Socioeconomic differences in body mass index in Spain: An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy.
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Hernández-Yumar, Aránzazu, Wemrell, Maria, Abásolo Alessón, Ignacio, González López-Valcárcel, Beatriz, Leckie, George, and Merlo, Juan
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SOCIOECONOMICS ,BODY mass index ,ACADEMIC achievement ,STATISTICAL correlation ,MEDICAL care - Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated the existence of simple, unidimensional socioeconomic gradients in body mass index (BMI). However, in the present paper we move beyond such traditional analyses by simultaneously considering multiple demographic and socioeconomic dimensions. Using the Spanish National Health Survey 2011–2012, we apply intersectionality theory and multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) to analyze 14,190 adults nested within 108 intersectional strata defined by combining categories of gender, age, income, educational achievement and living situation. We develop two multilevel models to obtain information on stratum-specific BMI averages and the degree of clustering of BMI within strata expressed by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The first model is a simple variance components analysis that provides a detailed mapping of the BMI disparities in the population and measures the accuracy of stratum membership to predict individual BMI. The second model includes the variables used to define the intersectional strata as a way to identify stratum-specific interactions. The first model suggests moderate but meaningful clustering of individual BMI within the intersectional strata (ICC = 12.4%). Compared with the population average (BMI = 26.07 Kg/m2), the stratum of cohabiting 18-35-year-old females with medium income and high education presents the lowest BMI (-3.7 Kg/m2), while cohabiting 36-64-year-old females with low income and low education show the highest BMI (+2.6 Kg/m2). In the second model, the ICC falls to 1.9%, suggesting the existence of only very small stratum specific interaction effects. We confirm the existence of a socioeconomic gradient in BMI. Compared with traditional analyses, the intersectional MAIHDA approach provides a better mapping of socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in BMI. Because of the moderate clustering, public health policies aiming to reduce BMI in Spain should not solely focus on the intersectional strata with the highest BMI, but should also consider whole population polices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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20. The effects of COVID-19 on immigration in Spain: economy, work and living conditions
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Ramon Mahía
- Subjects
spain ,immigration ,covid-19 ,labour market ,economy ,inequality ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper succinctly examines the impact and effects of the COVID-19 crisis on the Spanish economy and labour market, with a particular focus on immigrants. The data reveal a significant negative differential effect among foreigners. The paper therefore recommends public administrations continue to work to prevent growing rootlessness and inequality.
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- 2021
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21. Seasonal agricultural workers in a pandemic: new faces of an old problem
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Blanca Garcés Mascareñas and Berta Güell
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spain ,seasonal agricultural workers ,pandemic ,global agricultural chains ,migrant workers ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Year after year Spain’s seasonal agricultural workers are in the news. In 2020, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the same problems were repeated over and over again. This paper analyses four cases that made the news: the conditions of the informal settlements in Andalusia; the Moroccan temporary workers hired in their country of origin who ended up trapped in Huelva; the death of an asylum seeker in Lorca and what it reveals about harsh rural working conditions; and seasonal workers living on the street in Lleida, which once again prompted debate over their housing conditions in the midst of the first COVID-19 outbreaks of the summer. The final objective of the paper is to use specific cases to illustrate longstanding structural problems and suggest possible solutions in the short, medium and long term.
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- 2021
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22. Mixed couples and their descendants in Spain: patterns of mixedness and theoretical considerations
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Dan Rodríguez-García, Verónica de Miguel Luken, and Miguel Solana-Solana
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mixed unions ,descendants of mixed unions ,mixedness ,social inclusion/exclusion ,spain ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper describes the state of play for mixed unions between nationals and foreigners and for their descendants in Spain. Broadly termed “mixticidad”, this growing worldwide phenomenon, is beginning to be better known in this country. First, a mainly descriptive statistical overview is given of the main patterns and evolution (in terms of time, type and geographical distribution), both in relation to mixed unions and the births resulting from them. Second, the paper explores the deeper meanings of this reality using first-hand ethnographic information, which allows us to make some reflections on its meaning and social consequences in Spanish social inclusion and exclusion dynamics. Finally, some conclusions are offered along with the main findings.
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- 2021
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23. British and Japanese international retirement migration and creative responses to health and care challenges: a bricolage perspective
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Kelly Hall, Mayumi Ono, and Ayako Kohno
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International retirement migration ,Spain ,Malaysia ,Bricolage ,Care ,Health ,Social Sciences ,Communities. Classes. Races ,HT51-1595 ,Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology ,HT101-395 ,City population. Including children in cities, immigration ,HT201-221 - Abstract
Abstract Most research on international retirement migration has focused on the Western context and the motivations and lifestyle choices of migrants when they are healthy. This paper instead explores how British retirees in Spain and Japanese retirees in Malaysia respond to declining health and increasing care needs through bricolage as they begin to ‘age in place’. The paper combines qualitative interviews, focus groups and observations collected by the authors from 215 British and Japanese international retirement migrants. We focus on two key types of bricolage behaviour: ‘within-system bricolage’ undertaken by migrants to help them access and navigate existing health and care systems; and ‘added-to-system bricolage’ that is enacted to fill gaps in health and care provision. Our analysis suggests that IRMs engage in ‘transnational care bricolage’ by combining multiple economic, social and legal resources across local and transnational spaces to address their health and care needs.
- Published
- 2021
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24. Differences in labour participation between people living with HIV and the general population: Results from Spain along the business cycle.
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Peña Longobardo, Luz María and Oliva-Moreno, Juan
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HIV-positive persons ,JOB involvement ,POPULATION health ,BUSINESS cycles ,HIV infection epidemiology ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Background: HIV/AIDS (Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome) not only has a strong impact on the health of the worldwide population but also affects the labour status of HIV-positive people. The primary aim of this paper is to compare the labour participation of people living with HIV (PlwHIV) with the labour participation of the general population along the last business cycle in Spain. Method: The data used are from the Hospital Survey on HIV-AIDS, with a total sample size of 4,651 PlwHIV and the Labour Force Survey from 2001 to 2010, with a total sample size of 660,674 individuals as general population. Propensity Score Matching method was used to analyse the differences between the labour participation of PlwHIV and the general population. Additionally, several specific models categorised into different subgroups (gender, education, source of infection and level of defences) were also performed. Results: We identified a convergence in labour participation across the period in the two populations considered: PlwHIV was 23% less likely to have a job than the general population during 2001–2002 and 14% less likely during 2009–2010. This convergence is mainly explained by two facts: first, the positive evolution of people infected by sex; second, the change in the PlwHIV population composition with a decreasing weight of people infected by drug use throughout the decade. Thereby, at the end of period, there was no statistical difference in the employment rate between PlwHIV infected through sex and the general population but there was strongly difference in PlwHIV infected through drugs. Conclusion: Inmunological status, source of infection and level of education play a relevant role among the PlwHIV population when comparing their labour participation with the general population. In spite of this positive result, the likelihood of being employed in HIV-positive people continues to be different from that of non-carriers. Our study shows that institutional features of labour markets are relevant and should be considered in comparison between countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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25. ¿Tiene sentido limitar la coautoría científica? No existe inflación de autores en Ciencias Sociales y Educación en España.
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Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas and Amat, Carlos B.
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Española de Documentación Científica is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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26. The skills related to the early reading acquisition in Spain and Peru.
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Sellés, Pilar, Ávila, Vicenta, Martínez, Tomás, and Ysla, Liz
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,LANGUAGE awareness ,COMPREHENSIVE instruction (Reading) ,TEACHING ,PSYCHOLINGUISTICS - Abstract
This paper deals with the skills related to the early reading acquisition in two countries that share language. Traditionally on reading readiness research there is a great interest to find out what factors affect early reading ability, but differ from other academic skills that affect general school learnings. Furthermore, it is also known how the influence of pre-reading variables in two countries with the same language, affect the development of the reading. On the other hand, several studies have examined what skills are related to reading readiness (phonological awareness, alphabetic awareness, naming speed, linguistic skills, metalinguistic knowledge and basic cognitive processes), but there are no studies showing whether countries can also influence the development of these skills.Our main objective in this study was to establish whether there were differences in the degree of acquisition of these skills between Spanish (119 children) and Peruvian (128 children), five years old children assessed in their own countries and after controlling Economic, Social and Cultural Status (ESCS). The results show that there are significant differences in the degree of acquisition of these skills between these two samples. It's especially relevant, in these results, that the main predictor in a regression study was the country of origin, explaining a higher percentage of variance than other variables such as age differences, in months, or gender. These findings corroborate the results obtained in other studies with migrant population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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27. Relative age effect in elite soccer: More early-born players, but no better valued, and no paragon clubs or countries.
- Author
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Doyle, John R. and Bottomley, Paul A.
- Subjects
META-analysis ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,SOCIAL statistics ,POISSON regression ,SOCCER players ,HEALTH - Abstract
The paper analyses two datasets of elite soccer players (top 1000 professionals and UEFA Under-19 Youth League). In both, we find a Relative Age Effect (RAE) for frequency, but not for value. That is, while there are more players born at the start of the competition year, their transfer values are no higher, nor are they given more game time. We use Poisson regression to derive a transparent index of the discrimination present in RAE. Also, because Poisson is valid for small frequency counts, it supports analysis at the disaggregated levels of country and club. From this, we conclude there are no paragon clubs or countries immune to RAE; that is clubs and countries do not differ systematically in the RAE they experience; also, that Poisson regression is a powerful and flexible method of analysing RAE data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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28. “Gaining or losing”: The importance of the perspective in primary care health services valuation.
- Author
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Martín-Fernández, Jesús, Ariza-Cardiel, Gloria, Peña-Longobardo, Luz Mª, Polentinos-Castro, Elena, Oliva-Moreno, Juan, Gil-Lacruz, Ana Isabel, Medina-Palomino, Héctor, and Del Cura-González, Isabel
- Subjects
HEALTH care intervention (Social services) ,PRIMARY health care ,WILLINGNESS to pay ,HEALTH outcome assessment - Abstract
Rationale and objectives: Economic theory classifies an intervention as socially beneficial if the total Willingness to Pay (WTP) of those who gain exceeds the total Willingness to accept (WTA) of those who are harmed. This paper examines the differences in health system users’ valuation of a health care service in primary care setting based on the WTP and WTA perspectives, discussing the impact of personal and service variables, including risk attitudes, on these disparities. Method: Six hundred and sixty two subjects who asked for care in health centres in the Region of Madrid (Spain) were interviewed, using the contingent valuation method to estimate WTP and WTA. Patient sociodemographic characteristics, health needs, satisfaction with the service and risk attitude and behaviour under risk (measured by self-reported scales and lottery games respectively) were collected. Generalised Linear Models were used to estimate the association between the explanatory variables and the WTA/WTP ratio. Results: We obtained the WTA/WTP ratio for 570 subjects (mean 1.66 CI 95%: 1.53–1.79; median 1, interquartile range 1–2). People with higher education or in high social groups expressed WTA values closest to WTP. The opposite occurred in patients with the greatest health needs or who were born abroad. Self-reported expression of risk aversion appeared also related to increases in the WTA/WTP ratio. Satisfaction with the service evaluated was the most influential factor in the WTA/WTP ratio. Conclusion: Health need, difficulty in obtaining substitutes and satisfaction with the service could serve for profiling people averse to loss for health care services in primary care setting. Self-reported expression of risk aversion could also be related to increases in the WTA/WTP ratio. This would mean that these characteristics should be taken into account both in the design and implementation of new healthcare interventions, as in the making decision for disinvestment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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29. Socioeconomic characterization of regions through the lens of individual financial transactions.
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Hashemian, Behrooz, Massaro, Emanuele, Bojic, Iva, Murillo Arias, Juan, Sobolevsky, Stanislav, and Ratti, Carlo
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TAXATION of securities trading ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,ECONOMIC decision making ,ECONOMIC activity ,MACHINE learning ,ECONOMIC indicators - Abstract
People are increasingly leaving digital traces of their daily activities through interacting with their digital environment. Among these traces, financial transactions are of paramount interest since they provide a panoramic view of human life through the lens of purchases, from food and clothes to sport and travel. Although many analyses have been done to study the individual preferences based on credit card transaction, characterizing human behavior at larger scales remains largely unexplored. This is mainly due to the lack of models that can relate individual transactions to macro-socioeconomic indicators. Building these models, not only can we obtain a nearly real-time information about socioeconomic characteristics of regions, usually available yearly or quarterly through official statistics, but also it can reveal hidden social and economic structures that cannot be captured by official indicators. In this paper, we aim to elucidate how macro-socioeconomic patterns could be understood based on individual financial decisions. To this end, we reveal the underlying interconnection of the network of spending leveraging anonymized individual credit/debit card transactions data, craft micro-socioeconomic indices that consists of various social and economic aspects of human life, and propose a machine learning framework to predict macro-socioeconomic indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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- View/download PDF
30. More asylum applications, same reception? The reception system in Spain since 2015
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Blanca Garcés-Mascareñas and Francesco Pasetti
- Subjects
spain ,asylum and refuge ,international protection ,reception and integration system ,integration policies ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper examines the main challenges and limits of the state reception and integration system. Since the so-called refugee crisis of 2015, Spain has become one of the European countries that receives most asylum seekers. The growing demand for international protection has shown the limits of the state’s reception and integration provision. Inadequate resources, a rigid integration pathway and a lack of coordination between local and regional actors have hampered the effectiveness of the reception and integration system, seriously jeopardising its capacity to meet applicants’ needs. Those in the most vulnerable situations have been most affected. The paper concludes by suggesting possible improvement pathways to guarantee a system that is fit to meet the new migration challenges.
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- 2019
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31. Re-writing the domestic role: transnational migrants’ households between informal and formal social protection in Ecuador and in Spain
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Simone Castellani and Emma Martín-Díaz
- Subjects
Transnational social protection ,Intersectionality ,Women migration ,Ecuador ,Spain ,Care ,Social Sciences ,Communities. Classes. Races ,HT51-1595 ,Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology ,HT101-395 ,City population. Including children in cities, immigration ,HT201-221 - Abstract
Abstract Ecuadorian migration to Spain can be described as an emblematic case of feminization of international migration. As the scholarship showed, this migration flow has been shaped by transnational female social networks in which different types of capital circulate and which are re-produced across generations, providing social protection for people involved in them, both migrants and non-migrants. Starting from three ethnographic studies conducted with Ecuadorian adults and teenage migrants in Seville and in different Ecuadorian localities between 2004 and 2011, this paper has two aims. First, it investigates the crucial role played by migrant women of the first and second generation to create a safety net for the members of their transnational households, in terms of child and elderly care, combining tactically both informal and formal social protection along the different stages of their migratory projects. Second, adopting an intersectional lens, which looks particularly at the dialectic between gender and generation, it analyses the tensions and conflicts generated by the re-positioning of these women within their transnational households. The paper contributes to the literature through questioning the changing gender role and relations in transnational social protection.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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32. Refugee resettlement programmes in the EU: current trends and the repercussions in Spain
- Author
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Andrea Romano
- Subjects
EU ,asylum ,resettlement ,international protection ,pathways ,Dublin Regulation ,Spain ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Setting up legal and safe pathways to the European Union is a crucial part of the reform of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), and resettlement programmes are one of the most relevant instruments in this regard. This paper examines the measures and recent proposals on resettlement adopted in the European Union, demonstrating: a) that resettlement must continue to be humanitarian in nature and complement accessing international protection; and b) that it cannot be an argument for adopting more restrictive policies towards asylum applications made in national territory. This paper also assesses the impact of EU resettlement policies in Spain, which underwent a significant shift with the adoption of Asylum Law 12/2009 and the introduction of an annual national resettlement programme.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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33. The Path to Labor Stability for Young Spanish Workers during the Great Recession
- Author
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Gloria Moreno Raymundo and Inmaculada Cebrián López
- Subjects
Youth employment ,stability ,trajectories ,Spain ,Great Recession ,Social Sciences ,Economic history and conditions ,HC10-1085 - Abstract
The Great Recession (2008-2013) worsened the labor market position of young Spaniards. despite governments launched labor market reforms in 2010 y 2012 to improve labor stability, permanent employment accounted for only 10 percent of total new contracts. This paper tries to disentangle which factors are hindering the promotion of open-ended contracts to stabilize Spanish young workers into permanent employment. These analysis use panel data from the MCVL (Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales). The results indicate that, although having an open-ended contract increases the probability of being employed after two years, only 50 percent of these initial contracts survive. The structure of labor demand explains this instability.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Multi-Scale Network Landscape of Collaboration.
- Author
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Bae, Arram, Park, Doheum, Ahn, Yong-Yeol, and Park, Juyong
- Subjects
MULTISCALE modeling ,DATA analysis ,DATA modeling ,MUSICIANS ,COMPACT discs ,COMMUNICATION - Abstract
Propelled by the increasing availability of large-scale high-quality data, advanced data modeling and analysis techniques are enabling many novel and significant scientific understanding of a wide range of complex social, natural, and technological systems. These developments also provide opportunities for studying cultural systems and phenomena—which can be said to refer to all products of human creativity and way of life. An important characteristic of a cultural product is that it does not exist in isolation from others, but forms an intricate web of connections on many levels. In the creation and dissemination of cultural products and artworks in particular, collaboration and communication of ideas play an essential role, which can be captured in the heterogeneous network of the creators and practitioners of art. In this paper we propose novel methods to analyze and uncover meaningful patterns from such a network using the network of western classical musicians constructed from a large-scale comprehensive Compact Disc recordings data. We characterize the complex patterns in the network landscape of collaboration between musicians across multiple scales ranging from the macroscopic to the mesoscopic and microscopic that represent the diversity of cultural styles and the individuality of the artists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Cities through the Prism of People’s Spending Behavior.
- Author
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Sobolevsky, Stanislav, Sitko, Izabela, Tachet des Combes, Remi, Hawelka, Bartosz, Murillo Arias, Juan, and Ratti, Carlo
- Subjects
DATA analysis ,SOCIOECONOMICS ,MICROECONOMICS ,ECONOMIC impact analysis ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Scientific studies of society increasingly rely on digital traces produced by various aspects of human activity. In this paper, we exploit a relatively unexplored source of data–anonymized records of bank card transactions collected in Spain by a big European bank, and propose a new classification scheme of cities based on the economic behavior of their residents. First, we study how individual spending behavior is qualitatively and quantitatively affected by various factors such as customer’s age, gender, and size of his/her home city. We show that, similar to other socioeconomic urban quantities, individual spending activity exhibits a statistically significant superlinear scaling with city size. With respect to the general trends, we quantify the distinctive signature of each city in terms of residents’ spending behavior, independently from the effects of scale and demographic heterogeneity. Based on the comparison of city signatures, we build a novel classification of cities across Spain in three categories. That classification exhibits a substantial stability over different city definitions and connects with a meaningful socioeconomic interpretation. Furthermore, it corresponds with the ability of cities to attract foreign visitors, which is a particularly remarkable finding given that the classification was based exclusively on the behavioral patterns of city residents. This highlights the far-reaching applicability of the presented classification approach and its ability to discover patterns that go beyond the quantities directly involved in it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Los cambios en la estructura del empleo en España a lo largo del ciclo económico: patrones de cambio y factores explicativos (1995-2014)
- Author
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Sergio Torrejón Pérez
- Subjects
National Economy ,Strukturwandel ,Employment ,Konjunkturzyklus ,Volkswirtschaftstheorie ,Sociology and Political Science ,Economics ,composition of personnel ,Arbeitsmarkt ,Social Sciences ,Ciclo económico ,Polarisierung ,HM401-1281 ,Labor market ,business cycle ,Ocupació ,Polarització ,Economic cycle ,Mercado de trabajo ,Mercat de treball ,Polarization ,ddc:330 ,Structural change ,Sociology (General) ,polarización ,Labor Market Research ,EU-LFS ,cambio estructural ,Spanien ,Arbeitsmarktforschung ,Wirtschaft ,Polarización ,empleo ,ciclo económico ,Beschäftigung ,Spain ,mercado de trabajo ,Beschäftigtenstruktur ,Cambio estructural ,Empleo ,Canvi estructural ,Cicle econòmic ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
En este artículo se analizan los patrones de cambio estructural del empleo a lo largo del último ciclo económico en España (1995-2014). Primero se realiza un diagnóstico en cada etapa: de cierta polarización en la fase expansiva y de mejora en la crisis. Luego se exploran las principales causas que explican esas dinámicas. Se lleva a cabo con datos de la EU-LFS y la EWCS, que se complementan con el uso de unos índices de tareas que permiten enriquecer los diagnósticos. Al seguir un procedimiento similar que muchos trabajos de referencia y clasificar los empleos con un indicador relativamente novedoso, se ofrece un diagnóstico alternativo de los cambios recientes en el empleo, lo que sirve para enriquecer el debate sobre algunas cuestiones centrales de los campos de la economía y la estratificación social. En aquest article s'analitzen els patrons de canvi estructural de l'ocupació al llarg de l'últim cicle econòmic a Espanya (1995-2014). Primer es fa un diagnòstic de cada etapa: de certa polarització en la fase expansiva i de millora en la crisi. Després s'exploren les principals causes que expliquen aquestes dinàmiques. Es duu a terme amb dades de l'EU-LFS i l'EWCS, que es complementen amb l'ús d'uns índexs de tasques que permeten enriquir els diagnòstics. En seguir un procediment similar al de molts treballs de referència i classificar les ocupacions amb un indicador relativament nou, s'ofereix un diagnòstic alternatiu dels canvis recents en l'ocupació, la qual cosa serveix per enriquir el debat sobre algunes qüestions centrals dels camps de l'economia i l'estratificació social. This paper analyzes the patterns of structural change in employment along the last economic cycle in Spain (1995-2014). First, a diagnosis is performed for every stage of the cycle, finding polarization in the expansive period and upgrading in the crisis. The main causes that explain these dynamics are then explored. To do so, data from the EU-LFS and the EWCS are used and complemented with a set of task indices that enrich the diagnosis. Following a similar methodology to that used in the literature but classifying the different jobs with a new index, an alternative diagnosis of changes in employment is provided. This can be useful to enrich the debate on some key questions in the economics and social stratification fields.
- Published
- 2019
37. Because of the Business or Despite the Business? : the Intersection between Family and Enterprise for Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Galicia
- Author
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María Villares Varela
- Subjects
Llatinoamèrica ,Return migration ,Sociology and Political Science ,autoempleo ,España ,Inmigración ,Social Sciences ,Immigration ,inmigración ,HM401-1281 ,Women workers ,Mujeres trabajadoras ,empresas familiares ,Self-employment ,Sociology (General) ,Espanya ,migración de retorno ,Autofeina ,Migración de retorno ,Empresas familiares ,Empreses familiars ,Migració de retorn ,Dones treballadores ,Family business ,Latin America ,Autoempleo ,Spain ,Immigració ,Latinoamérica ,mujeres trabajadoras ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Este artículo analiza, de forma comparativa, las estrategias de participación de la familia en la empresa a través de las narraciones de emprendedores inmigrantes extranjeros y retornados en Galicia. La intersección entre negocio y familia ha sido un elemento central en el marco de la literatura sobre empresariado inmigrante, de modo que los conceptos «empresa familiar» y «empresa inmigrante» han sido presentados como sinónimos. Las diferentes investigaciones en esta línea han sacado a la luz como el uso de mano de obra femenina en la empresa es clave para el éxito de los negocios, pero dificulta la visibilidad de contribución y la independencia de las mujeres. Asimismo, la investigación ha puesto de manifiesto como la dedicación al negocio por parte de las siguientes generaciones puede bloquear la trayectoria educativa de los hijos. Sin embargo, los resultados de este trabajo de investigación muestran que los negocios liderados por mujeres solas no necesariamente son sinónimo de una mejor inserción sociolaboral y percepción de movilidad social positiva, y que las estrategias de participación de los hijos en el negocio guardan relación con la percepción de movilidad experimentada por los padres. El acceso diferencial a la ciudadanía muestra unas estrategias diferenciales para emprendedores retornados y extranjeros. Las narrativas analizadas han sido obtenidas a través de 74 entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas a inmigrantes emprendedores retornados y extranjeros en Galicia., This paper analyses the strategies for family participation in businesses through the narratives of foreign and returnee entrepreneurs in Galicia. The intersection between business and family has been a central theme in the literature on immigrant entrepreneurship, where ‘family business’ and ‘immigrant business’ are two synonymous concepts. This field of research has revealed that the use of female labour within business activity is a key factor in the success of the business, but that women’s contribution to such success is largely invisible and their independence is hindered. On the other hand, the literature has studied how the participation of children in the business might impact negatively on their educational paths. This paper argues that women who run a business do not necessarily improve their opportunities for social and labour market integration or positive social mobility; and that the strategies by which children participate in the business is strongly linked to the parent’s perception of social mobility. The differential access to citizenship for returnees and foreigners has an impact on the entrepreneurial strategies of both groups. The narratives analysed in this paper have been obtained through 74 semi-structured interviews with returnee and foreign immigrant entrepreneurs in Galicia.
- Published
- 2011
38. The effect of double taxation treaties and territorial tax systems on foreign direct investment: evidence for Spain
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Castillo-Murciego Ángela and López-Laborda Julio
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foreign direct investment ,double taxation treaty ,territorial tax system ,spain ,f21 ,f23 ,f68 ,h25 ,h32 ,h87 ,Social Sciences ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
The paper evaluates the effect of Double Taxation Treaties (DTTs) on Spain’s inward and outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for the period 1993–2013. Estimates produce positive and statistically significant coefficients. However, there are some differences between the inbound and outbound samples, the type of DTT and the group of developed and developing FDI partner countries. Moreover, interpretation of results differs depending on the fixed or random effects estimation technique used. The paper also analyses the effect on FDI of the rules agreed in DTTs and applied by the investors’ residence country in order to correct international double taxation. The authors conclude that the tax saving derived from the application by Spain of the territorial system is positively related to investment from this country to abroad. However, the tax saving provided by the application by the partner countries of the territorial system does not have a significant effect on the investment of these countries into Spain.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Los estudios fílmicos en el contexto de las ciencias sociales : un análisis de autores, objetos y metodologías en las revistas de impacto españolas (2012–2017)
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Rodríguez Serrano, Aarón, Palao Errando, José Antonio, and Marzal Felici, Javier
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spain ,bibliographical production ,cinema ,social sciences ,Bibliography. Library science. Information resources ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 - Abstract
Objetivos: El presente artículo pretende ofrecer el estado completo de los estudios fílmicos en las revistas indexadas en SCImago y ESCI vinculadas a las ciencias sociales en los últimos quince años. -- Metodología: Tras estudiar el universo completo (5.343 artículos), hemos analizado con una metodología cuantitativa de análisis de contenido el volumen de la producción específica de los estudios fílmicos: un 3,9 % del universo publicado en Scopus (104 artículos) y un 9,7 % del universo publicado en ESCI (266 artículos). -- Resultados: Se concluye una clara predominancia de los trabajos con una única firma masculina, en investigaciones en torno a la narrativa audiovisual a partir de análisis cualitativos centrados en el discurso, con preferencia sobre enfoques histórico-contextuales o de índole cuantitativa. Objective: Our work tries to offer the concrete state of the film studies on the journals (SCIMAGO and ESCI) indexed in the Social Sciences category. -- Methodology: We have studied the complete universe (5343 papers), and applied a quantitative approach based on a content analysis methodology over the film studies concrete production: 3,9 % of the whole SCOPUS universe (104 papers) and 9,7 % of the ESCI universe (266 papers). -- Results: We have found a clear predominance of the papers signed by a single male author, using qualitative analyses based on the discourse analysis methodology on the audiovisual narrative field, over other possible approaches as the historic-contextual processes or the quantitative methodologies.
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- 2019
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40. Immigration and the welfare state in Spain
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Rafael Muñoz de Bustillo Llorente and Rafael Grande Martín
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Spain ,Welfare state ,Health ,Immigration ,Social benefits ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper studies the relationships between immigration and the welfare state in Spain from a triple perspective. First, the role social benefits may have had on the Spanish immigrant experience as a pull factor is analysed. The paper goes on to study the way immigration can affect the maintenance of the welfare state, investigating both the possible effects of the increased ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversity on the support of the national population for the welfare state, as well as its effect on social spending in terms of monetary and health benefits. Lastly, and changing perspective, the contribution of immigration to the maintenance of the private market for welfare services is assessed, especially in terms of caring for dependents.
- Published
- 2017
41. Spanish migrant detention centres (CIE): A complex and controversial reality
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Markus González Beilfuss
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Spain ,CIE ,Detention of foreigners ,Irregular immigration ,Detention of immigrants ,Expulsion ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper seeks to contribute to the debate on migrant detention centres in Spain (CIEs in the Spanish acronym) and the detention of foreigners, providing upto-date information and data on a changing reality, which is increasingly complex, and which it is necessary to approach without prejudices. Beginning with the legitimacy of the positions that advocate the abolition of the CIEs or their reform, material for reflection is brought to a highly polarised debate in which the various stances seem irreconcilable. The paper argues for the reform of the CIEs and the various elements that make up the expulsion system in force in Spain, and analyses the main arguments put forward by those who support the immediate closure of the CIEs.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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42. Social Life Cycle Analysis of Intensive Greenhouse Farming: A Qualitative View of Tomato Production in Almeria (Spain)
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Miriam Martín-Moreno, Katia Hueso-Kortekaas, and Jose C. Romero
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social life cycle analysis ,tomato ,Almeria ,Spain ,migrants ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper presents an exploratory qualitative Social Life Cycle Analysis (S-LCA) of intensive greenhouse tomato farming in Almeria, Spain, with a specific focus on the social impacts on migrant workers. By setting as a functional unit the production of 10 kg of greenhouse tomato, the study investigates the social dynamics and challenges faced by migrant workers within the industry. The research sheds light on the negative aspects of intensive greenhouse farming for migrants, i.e., labor conditions, health and safety risks, social inequality, and exploitation of migrant labor. Utilizing document analysis, this study contributes to the field of S-LCA by providing a nuanced understanding of the social dimensions surrounding tomato production and migrant workers’ experiences. It emphasizes the need for sustainable practices, improved labor conditions, and ethical considerations to ensure a socially responsible tomato farming industry. The findings have implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and consumers, providing insights for informed decision-making and the promotion of socially sustainable agricultural practices that prioritize the well-being and rights of migrant workers in the context of intensive greenhouse farming in Almeria.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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43. Towards an Even More Spatially Diversified City? New Metropolitan Population Trends in the Post-Economic Crisis Period
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Fernando Gil-Alonso, Cristina López-Villanueva, Jordi Bayona-i-Carrasco, and Isabel Pujadas
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population growth ,spatial reconfiguration ,large urban areas ,post-crisis period ,Spain ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Social Sciences - Abstract
After the deep economic crisis that began in 2008, in 2014, Spain started to show signs of recovery, entering the so-called “post-crisis” period. Though it has not yet reached the entire population, economic improvement has had a positive impact on the real estate market, economic activity, and employment. Residential mobility has also increased, but flows have become more unstable and complex. The direction of these flows, the reasons for moving, and the ages and socioeconomic categories of migrants have diversified. These complex “new mobility” patterns are reconfiguring the spatial distribution of the population in Spanish urban areas. On the basis of Continuous Register (Padrón Continuo) microdata, this paper primarily aims to study population changes in the 69 Spanish functional urban areas (FUAs) defined by the National Institute of Statistics (INE)/Eurostat, focusing on their population growth or decline in their centers and peripheries during the crisis (2011–2015) and post-crisis (2015–2019) phases. Then, the paper analyzes the five major Spanish metropolises (Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, and Bilbao) in greater depth. The findings confirm the hypothesis that, during the post-crisis period, the population growth of cores and rings and thus the spatial distribution of urban inhabitants have been changing, resulting in the growing demographic heterogeneity of Spanish urban areas that are diversifying both internally and compared to each other.
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- 2021
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44. Fecundidad diferencial de distintas subpoblaciones de mujeres en España: una diferencia no tan grande
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Graciela Sarrible
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fecundidad diferencial-España- mujeres extranjeras ,differential fertility ,Spain ,foreign women ,Social Sciences ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
L'ombra de les grans diferències de fecunditat plana de nou sobre les poblacions europees. L'aportació al creixement natural de les poblacions foranes ha constituït un leit-motif en Demografia al segle passat. La por no es basa en la grandària de la família, o sigui la quantitat de fills que tenen les dones vingudes de fora, sinó en les conseqüències a llarg termini. La qüestió que provoca temors es centra en la proporció en què les generacions futures estaran formades per persones els pares són fuera.La principal diferència que s'ha observat fins ara, resideix en els temps en què es tenen els fills i no exclusivament en el resultat final. L'objectiu d'aquest treball consisteix a contrastar les diferències de natalitat i fecunditat entre el conjunt d'Espanya i les dones estrangeres que viuen al país. La hipòtesi que es presenta a comprovació enuncia que la distància quantitativa entre els indicadors de fecunditat d'ambdós grups no és tan gran com se suposa o altres indicadors bruts fan pensar. Una discussió metodològica s'imposa ja que cada índex representa un aspecte diferent de la fecunditat de les dones. Fertility of different segments of women in Spain: a not so large gap Abstract: The shadow of a large gap in fertility looms again over the European populations. During the last century, the contribution of the foreign population to natural population growth constituted a leitmotiv in Demographics and other disciplines. The concern thereby is not based on the number of members of a family; that is the quantity of children that foreign women have, but on the long-term consequences of this matter. The question that provokes anxiety is centered on the proportion of foreign parents or parents with foreign origins of future generations. The principal difference that has been observed until now comprises the moment in which women have their children, and not exclusively the final number of children. The aim of this paper is to contrast the differences of fertility and birth rates between the Spanish female population and foreign women who currently live in the country. The hypothesis which will be demonstrated formulates that the gap between different indicators of fertility is not as big as supposed and as other raw indicators made us think. A methodological discussion is imposed about this issue because each indicator represents a different aspect of fertility of women.
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- 2010
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45. Picking Up the Brush for Emperors and Sultans. Imperial Portraits as Representations of Power in The Early Modern Mediterranean (Ca. 1450-Ca. 1650)
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Zeynep Olgun
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Mediterranean ,Court Painters ,Authority ,Ottoman Sultanate ,Spain ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This paper aims to discuss the influence of interdependently effective political discourses and cultural differences in early modern Mediterranean regarding the motives for official state portraiture. Therefore, the paper will focus on the portraits of monarchs, foremost the depictions of Philip IV of Spain by the court painter Velázquez and works of Titian under the patronage of Charles V and Philip II in order to analyse, how the conservative portraiture culture was established and maintained during the so-called Siglo de Oro. In contrast to the western Mediterranean, the intercultural portraiture style of the Ottoman Emperor Mehmed II will be given to emphasize the significant role of political inclinations of monarchs on their portraits. A multi-layered approach lies therefore at the basis of full socio-political and cultural comprehension of the paintings to overcome a simple analysis and to contextualize the work of art within both macro and micro historical perspective.
- Published
- 2016
46. La profesión académica en Argentina y España y su productividad científica en ciencias sociales.
- Author
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Gantman, Ernesto R. and Fernández Rodríguez, Carlos J.
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Les dispenses de bans. Une source pour la démographie historique et l'histoire sociale.
- Author
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CONGOST, Rosa, PORTELL, Josep, SAGUER, Enric, and SERRAMONTMANY, Albert
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DISPENSATIONS ,BANNS of marriage ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,SOCIAL history ,CATHOLIC identity ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
Copyright of Population (00324663) is the property of Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Individual and Institutional Constraints: An Analysis of Parental Leave Use and Duration in Spain.
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Lapuerta, Irene, Baizán, Pau, and González, María
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PARENTAL leave ,FAMILIES ,SOCIAL sciences ,SOCIAL security ,GENDER inequality - Abstract
This paper analyzes the extent to which individual characteristics, the workplace situation, and regional policies influence the use and duration of parental leave in Spain. The research is based on a sample of 125,165 individuals, and 6,959 parental leaves covered in the 'Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales' (MCVL-2006). The MCVL consists of administrative register data, which include information from three different sources: The social security system, municipal and income tax Registers. We adopt a simultaneous equations approach to analyze the determinants of the use (logistic regression) and duration (event history analysis) of parental leave, which allows us to control for endogeneity and censored observations. Our results suggest that the Spanish parental leave scheme increases gender and social inequalities, insofar as it reinforces gender role specialization, and only encourages the reconciliation of work and family life among workers with a good position in the labor market (educated employees with a high and stable work status). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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49. Segmentación del empleo y apreciación de la educación en un modelo productivo anclado. Análisis comparativo entre España y Argentina
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Sandra Fachelli and Pedro López-Roldán
- Subjects
050402 sociology ,Sociology and Political Science ,Segmentación del mercado de trabajo ,España ,Social inequality ,Argentina ,Social Sciences ,Model productiu ,HM401-1281 ,Subocupación ,Devaluation of credentials ,análisis comparativo ,desigualdad social ,0504 sociology ,0502 economics and business ,Devaluació de credencials ,Productive model ,Modelo productivo ,Sociology (General) ,050207 economics ,Espanya ,Underoccupation ,Desigualtat social ,05 social sciences ,Comparative analysis ,Anàlisi comparativa ,Desigualdad social ,Labour market segmentation ,Devaluación de credenciales ,Spain ,devaluación de credenciales ,8. Economic growth ,Segmentació del mercat de treball ,Subocupació ,segmentación del mercado de trabajo ,modelo productivo ,subocupación ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Análisis comparativo - Abstract
Production of INCASI Project H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015 GA 691004 El artículo plantea dos cuestiones principales desde un ejercicio analítico comparativo entre España y Argentina. Por un lado, nos preguntamos hasta qué punto los procesos de segmentación del mercado de trabajo generan dinámicas de estructuración de las desigualdades laborales semejantes en ambos países y qué aspectos son específicos de una realidad laboral que se sitúa en diferentes contextos culturales, sociales, económicos e históricos. En este sentido, se corrobora la hipótesis general que establece que no existe un único mercado de trabajo que ajusta oferta y demanda, que, por el contrario, se diferencian diversos segmentos que estructuran posiciones jerárquicas en el mercado laboral en correspondencia con ciertos perfiles específicos de la oferta de trabajo, y se constata la alta correspondencia en la configuración de los segmentos de empleo entre España y Argentina. Por otro lado, dada la estructura de segmentación del empleo, nos planteamos en qué medida se da en ambos países la mal denominada sobreeducación de la ocupación de la fuerza de trabajo y la supuesta devaluación de las credenciales educativas. Entendiendo que el fenómeno debe mirarse desde el lado de la demanda y dadas las estructuras productivas ancladas e internamente diferenciadas de ambos países, el fenómeno, que preferimos identificar como «subocupación», es de mayor importancia en España que en Argentina, dada la expansión educativa experimentada y la consecuente mayor dificultad de absorber la fuerza de trabajo cualificada en los sectores más productivos por la incapacidad del modelo productivo de generar puestos de trabajo acordes. This article addresses two main issues through a comparative analytical exercise of Spain and Argentina. Firstly, we examine to what extent labour market segmentation processes produce similar dynamics of structuring labour inequalities in both countries and what aspects are specific to a labour reality situated in different cultural, social, economic and historical contexts. In this regard, the general hypothesis establishes that there is no single labour market that adjusts supply and demand but rather diverse segments that structure hierarchical positions in the labour market according to specific labour supply profiles, and that the configuration of the employment segments in Spain and Argentina show a high correspondence. Secondly, given the structure of employment segmentation, we consider to what extent the misnamed 'occupational overeducation' of the labour force and the supposed devaluation of educational credentials occur in both countries. Understanding that the phenomenon should be viewed from the demand side and given the anchored and internally differentiated production systems of both countries, this phenomenon, which we prefer to call 'underoccupation', is of greater importance in Spain than in Argentina given the country's educational expansion and hence the greater difficulty to absorb the qualified workforce in the most productive sectors due to the inability of the productive model to create commensurate jobs. L'article planteja dues qüestions principals des d'un exercici analític comparatiu entre Espanya i l'Argentina. D'una banda, ens preguntem fins a quin punt els processos de segmentació del mercat de treball generen dinàmiques d'estructuració de les desigualtats laborals semblants en tots dos països i quins aspectes són específics d'una realitat laboral que se situa en diferents contextos culturals, socials, econòmics i històrics. En aquest sentit, es corrobora la hipòtesi general que estableix que no existeix un únic mercat de treball que ajusta oferta i demanda, que, per contra, es diferencien diversos segments que estructuren posicions jeràrquiques en el mercat laboral en correspondència amb certs perfils específics de l'oferta de treball, i es constata l'alta correspondència en la configuració dels segments d'ocupació entre Espanya i l'Argentina. D'altra banda, atesa l'estructura de segmentació de l'ocupació, ens plantegem en quina mesura es dona en tots dos països la mal denominada sobreeducació de l'ocupació de la força de treball i la suposada devaluació de les credencials educatives. Entenent que el fenomen ha de mirar-se des del costat de la demanda i ateses les estructures productives ancorades i internament diferenciades dels dos països, el fenomen, que preferim identificar com a «subocupació», és de major importància a Espanya que a l'Argentina, donada l'expansió educativa experimentada i la conseqüent major dificultat d'absorbir la força de treball qualificada en els sectors més productius per la incapacitat del model productiu de generar llocs de treball concordes.
- Published
- 2019
50. Utilidad de las redes sociales en la divulgación científica de las ciencias sociales en España.
- Author
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Gutiérrez-Sánchez, José David, Said-Hung, Elias, and García-Sanjuán, Noemí
- Subjects
RESEARCH personnel ,SCHOLARLY periodicals ,DIGITAL communications ,SOCIALIZATION ,SOCIAL services ,SCIENCE publishing ,SOCIAL networks - Abstract
Copyright of Educar is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Servei de Publicacions and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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