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Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is the major etiologic agent of cervical carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and genotype distribution in cervical swabs from 2,234 Turkish and 357 Albanian women with similar lifestyles from two different countries. Materials and Methods: HPV detection and typing were performed by type specific multiplex fluorescent PCR and fragments were directly genotyped by high resolution fluorescence capillary electrophoresis. Results: The most common type was HPV 16 and the second one was HPV 6 for both country. The third common type was 39 and 18 for Turkish and Albanian women, respectively. Conclusions: When we compare our results with other studies, there are differences between the frequency and order of the HPV genotypes detected at the second and subsequent frequencies. This may due to differences in the quality and type of samples analyzed, as well as the HPV detection methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine the intra- and intergenetic diversities of eight different goat populations in Turkey including Hair, Angora, Kilis, Yayladag, Shami, Honamli, Saanen, and Alpine. A total of 244 DNA samples were genotyped using 11 microsatellites loci. The genetic differentiation between breeds was considerable as a result of the statistically significant (P<0.001) pairwise FST values of each pair of breeds. Exceptionally, FST values calculated for Honamli and Hair breeds were statistically nonsignificant (P>0.05). Heterozygosity values ranged between 0.62 and 0.73. According to the structure and assignment test, Angora and Yayladag goats were assigned to the breed they belong to, while other breeds were assigned to two or more different groups. Because this study for the first time presented genetic data on the Yayladag goat, results of structure analysis and assigned test suggest that further analyses are needed using additional and different molecular markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine whether there is a relationship between genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase zeta 1 (GSTZ1) and gastric cancer. The contribution of GSTZ1 genotypes to susceptibility to the risk of gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. Methods: Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method in an ethnic Turkish population, we examined the frequency of the GSTZ1 gene polymorphism in patients with GC patients (n = 73) and control individuals (n = 80). Results: For GSTZ1 A94G polymorphism, in the group of patients with the GC, the frequency of the GG genotype was quite a bit higher in comparison with that of the control group; however, this increase was not statistically significant. For the GSTZ1 A124G polymorphism, the GSTZ1 heterozygous genotype (AG) occurred more frequently in GC patients than in controls; however, it was not associated with risk of developing GC. We found no significant association between the A94G or A124G variants of the GSTZ1 gene and risk of gastric cancer. Conclusions: Our data indicate no association between GSTZ1 genotypes and risk of gastric cancer. Despite its marked decline in many industrialized countries, gastric cancer remains the most common cause of death by cancer in areas such as Japan, Turkey, and South America. Gastric cancer (GC) is a disease of complex etiology that involves intimately interconnected infectious, dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. Although it has been estimated that 67% of GCs could be prevented by implementing lifestyle changes, the fact that some individuals develop GC but others do not, despite exposure to similar potentially carcinogenic factors, suggests that genetic predisposition may also play an important role in the etiology of GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the characteristics of Salmonella serotype Typhi and Salmonella serotype Paratyphi B, which still remain significant in Turkey. Materials and methods: Eighteen S. Typhi and 42 S. Paratyphi B strains isolated from clinical samples were investigated by plasmid profile analysis, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR), and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) methods. Results: Plasmid profile analysis showed that 10 out of 18 (56%) S. Typhi isolates harbored 1 to 3 plasmids, and 11 out of 42 (26.2%) S. Paratyphi B isolates harbored 1 to 4 plasmids. PFGE performed with restriction enzyme AvrII grouped both S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi B isolates into 14 clusters; with restriction enzyme XbaI, S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi B isolates were grouped into 13 and 12 clusters, respectively. Conclusion: These results showed that plasmid profile analysis and PFGE are reliable and discriminative methods complementing the phenotypic characters of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi B isolates, and may contribute to the epidemiologic investigation of typhoid or paratyphoid diseases. The study presented here is the first report on S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi B isolates from Turkey investigated by plasmid profile analysis, ERIC-PCR, and PFGE methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allele frequencies of the 10 STRs loci (D16S539, D2S1338, D3S1358, vWA, D18S51, D21S11, D8S1179, D19S433, FGA, THO1) included in the AmpFlSTR SGM Plus Kit (PE Applied Biosystems) were obtained from a sample of 166 unrelated individuals in Aegean region of Turkey. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]