988 results
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2. From Paper Terrorists to Cop Killers: The Sovereign Citizen Threat.
- Author
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LOESER, CHARLES E.
- Subjects
SOVEREIGN citizen movement ,POLITICAL participation ,LEGAL status of citizens ,CITIZEN attitudes ,CITIZEN participation in public administration ,ADMINISTRATIVE law - Abstract
The article offers information on paper terrorism, a neologism to refer to the use of false liens. Topics discussed include origins of the sovereign citizen movement, sovereign citizens' diverse beliefs and ideologies, and strategies for preventing sovereign citizens' harassment of public officials.
- Published
- 2015
3. The specification of models of campaign finance Comments the Jacobson and the Poole and Romer papers.
- Author
-
Kau, James B. and Rubin, Paul H.
- Subjects
CAMPAIGN funds ,VOTING research ,POLITICAL participation ,UNITED States legislators - Abstract
The article focuses on the specification of models of campaign finance and comments on papers which address the specific issues related to specification problems within a general model of Congressional voting in the U.S. The appropriate model within which to address the issues concerning the said papers is one which deals with the relationship between the voting behavior of Congressional representatives, the voting behavior of the constituents and the contributions of donors to campaigns.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Studying the U.S. Senate: An Introduction to the Hendricks Symposium Papers.
- Author
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Hibbing, John R. and Peters, John G.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ELECTIONS ,POLITICAL science ,PRACTICAL politics ,POLITICAL participation ,CAMPAIGN management - Abstract
This and the next two issues of LegisIative Studies Quarterly will publish a group of articles based on papers presented at the 1988 G. E. Hendricks Symposium on the United States Senate. Held on the campus of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in October 1988, this symposium brought together leading students of the U.S. Congress. Their articles fall into three large categories, and these categories will be used to divide the articles among the three issues (see Appendix). Following this introduction, three historically oriented articles will appear in this issue. The August issue d l contain five articles on the organization and operation of the Senate, and the November issue will present six articles relating to Senate elections. Collectively, these articles constitute an impressive portrait of current research on the Senate. Why is it important to obtain such a portrait? Of what value was our symposium and the papers it produced? What did we hope to accomplish, and did we do it? In this brief introduction to the Hendricks Symposium studies, we address these and related questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The role of populist parties in spreading Euroscepticism.
- Author
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Nelipa, Dmytro V. and Balinska, Yana O.
- Subjects
POPULIST parties (Politics) ,EUROPEAN integration ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL parties ,EUROSCEPTICISM - Abstract
Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Distilling the distillers: examining the political activities of the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States.
- Author
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Lesch, Matthew and McCambridge, Jim
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,ALCOHOL industry ,DISTILLERS ,GOVERNMENT policy ,TRADE associations - Abstract
Background: Understanding of the alcohol industry's means of influencing public policy is increasingly well established. Less is known, however, about the specific organisations that lead the political strategies of the alcohol industry. To fill this gap, this paper explores the Distilled Spirits Council of the United States (DISCUS), a key trade association in the United States (US), which also operates internationally. Methods: This study explores how DISCUS is organised and the main political activities it pursues to advance its policy interests. The study triangulates data from several sources, including DISCUS documents, as well as federal lobbying and election expenditure data. Results: This study demonstrates that DISCUS is a key political actor in the US and global alcohol policymaking context. There are identifiable strategies used by DISCUS to shape alcohol policy debates, including framing and lobbying. We also find key synergies between these strategies and identify their operation at varying levels of policy decision-making. Conclusions: Generating more secure inferences about the nature of the alcohol industry's efforts to advance its interests, and with what success and at what cost, requires researchers to investigate other trade associations in different contexts, and use other data sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Residual Votes Attributable to Technology.
- Author
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Ansolabehere, Stephen and Stewart III, Charles
- Subjects
VOTING ,POLITICAL participation ,TECHNOLOGY ,ELECTIONS - Abstract
We examine the relative performance of voting technologies by studying presidential, gubernatorial, and senatorial election returns across hundreds of counties in the United States from 1988 to 2000. Relying on a fixed-effects regression applied to an unbalanced panel of counties, we find that in presidential elections, traditional paper ballots produce the lowest rates of uncounted votes (i.e.,“residual votes”), followed by optically scanned ballots, mechanical lever machines, direct register electronic machines (DREs), and punch cards. In gubernatorial and senatorial races, paper, optical scan ballots, and DREs are significantly better in minimizing the residual vote rate than mechanical lever machines and punch cards. If all jurisdictions in the United States that used punch cards in 2000 had used optically scanned ballots instead, we estimate that approximately 500,000 more votes would have been attributed to presidential candidates nationwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Inside The Koch Empire.
- Author
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Fisher, Daniel
- Subjects
BILLIONAIRES ,CORPORATE political activity ,MERGERS & acquisitions ,FINANCE ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
The article presents a profile of American billionaire brothers Charles and David Koch as of December 2012, focusing on an analysis of the multinational Koch Industries manufacturing and raw materials company and the conservative political leanings of the Koch brothers. Liberal television hosts such as Chris Matthews have publicly opposed the wealthy Koch brothers and their support of conservative politicians such as former 2012 U.S. presidential candidate Mitt Romney. Charles Koch's decision to acquire the paper company Georgia-Pacific LLC is also mentioned.
- Published
- 2012
9. Estimating the Between-Issue Variation in Party Elite Cue Effects.
- Author
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Tappin, Ben M
- Subjects
POLITICAL attitudes ,POLITICAL surveys ,POLITICAL parties ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
Party elite cues are among the most well-established influences on citizens' political opinions. Yet, there is substantial variation in effect sizes across studies, constraining the generalizability and theoretical development of party elite cues research. Understanding the causes of variation in party elite cue effects is thus a priority for advancing the field. In this paper, I estimate the variation in party elite cue effects that is caused simply by heterogeneity in the policy issues being examined, through a reanalysis of data from existing research combined with an original survey experiment comprising 34 contemporary American policy issues. My estimate of the between-issue variation in effects is substantively large, plausibly equal to somewhere between one-third and two-thirds the size of the between- study variation observed in the existing literature. This result has important implications for our understanding of party elite influence on public opinion and for the methodological practices of party elite cues research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Does Political Participation Contribute to Polarization in the United States?
- Author
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Argyle, Lisa P and Pope, Jeremy C
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,POLARIZATION (Social sciences) ,POLITICAL science ,POLITICAL doctrines - Abstract
Polarization and participation are often connected in the political science literature, though sometimes the causality runs participation to polarization and sometimes the causality runs in the reverse direction. In some accounts there is an expectation that increasing participation and increasing polarization generate an ongoing spiral effect. In this paper we evaluate the over-time relationships between polarization and participation by assessing evidence in existing panel and aggregate data. We find that people with more extreme attitudes are more likely to participate in politics. However, only one particular form of participation—persuading others—appears to predict later levels of polarization. Therefore, only persuasion has the necessary correlation and temporal ordering for a feedback loop with more extreme ideology. The implication is that the discipline should pay more attention to interpersonal persuasion as a form of participation in American politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Effect of Newspaper Entry and Exit on Electoral Politics.
- Author
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Gentzkow, Matthew, Shapiro, Jesse M, and Sinkinson, Michael
- Subjects
NEWSPAPERS ,UNITED States elections ,VOTER turnout ,VOTERS ,MASS media & politics ,POLITICAL candidates ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
We use new data on entries and exits of US daily newspapers from 1869 to 2004 to estimate effects on political participation, party vote shares, and electoral competitiveness. Our identification strategy exploits the precise timing of these events and allows for the possibility of confounding trends. We focus our analysis on the years 1869- 1928, and we use the remaining years of data to look at changes over time. We find that newspapers have a robust positive effect on political participation, with one additional newspaper increasing both presidential and congressional turnout by approximately 0.3 percentage points. Newspaper competition is not a key driver of turnout: our effect is driven mainly by the first newspaper in a market, and the effect of a second or third paper is significantly smaller. The effect on presidential turnout diminishes after the introduction of radio and television, while the estimated effect on congressional turnout remains similar up to recent years. We find no evidence that partisan newspapers affect party vote shares, with confidence intervals that rule out even moderate-sized effects. We find no clear evidence that newspapers systematically help or hurt incumbents. (JEL D72, L11, L82, N41, N42, N81, N82) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. From Promoting Political Polyarchy to Defeating Participatory Democracy: U.S. Foreign Policy towards the Far Left in Latin America.
- Author
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Gill, Timothy M.
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,DEMOCRACY ,FOREIGN relations of the United States - Abstract
During the 1980s, the United States initiated an explicit policy of democracy promotion throughout the world. William Robinson (1996) more accurately described this initiative as "promoting polyarchy," whereby the United States supported moderate elite actors that promoted neoliberal economic policies to displace both right-wing and communist despots, such as General Augusto Pinochet in Chile and Soviet rulers in Eastern Europe. While much of Latin America remained characterized by polyarchies throughout the late 20th Century, Latin American citizens began to reject these political arrangements and to elect anti-neoliberal candidates that promoted participatory democracy by the turn of the 21st Century, particularly in Bolivia, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. How has the United States changed its democracy promotion strategies to respond to these new dynamics? The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the U.S. government, through agencies such as the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) and USAID, has altered the main thrust of its foreign policy in Latin America, from promoting polyarchy and displacing despotic leaders, to supporting opposition actors to unseat democratically-elected far leftist leaders that promote participatory democracy. This paper deploys a case study method involving recent U.S. foreign policy in Bolivia, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, and it utilizes both U.S. diplomatic cables and interviews with U.S. state elites to illustrate this shift. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. EDUCACIÓN, JUSTICIA SOCIAL Y MULTICULTURALISMO: TEORÍA Y PRÁCTICA EN EL AULA.
- Author
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GUICHOT-REINA, Virginia
- Subjects
MULTICULTURAL education ,EDUCATION methodology ,POLITICAL participation ,POWER (Social sciences) ,PHILOSOPHY of education - Abstract
Copyright of Teoría de la Educación. Revista Interuniversitaria is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Accuracy and Bias in Perceptions of Political Knowledge.
- Author
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Ryan, John
- Subjects
POLITICAL knowledge ,POLITICAL participation ,SOCIAL networks ,PREJUDICES ,INFLUENCE ,POLITICAL communication ,POLITICAL campaigns ,POLITICS & culture ,SOCIAL learning ,EXPERTISE ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Learning through social communication is promoted when citizens are able to identify which of their associates is likely to possess the necessary political information. This paper examines the factors that influence individuals' evaluations of political expertise. Actual political expertise plays a large role in perceived expertise, but mistakes are made. These are largely the result of assuming that those engaged in politics must also be knowledgeable about politics. This paper uses the 1996 Indianapolis-St. Louis Study and the 2000 National Election Study to identify factors that bias levels of perceived political knowledge. The paper concludes by demonstrating that perceived expertise plays a larger role than actual expertise in the social influence process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Revisiting the Administrative Presidency: Policy, Patronage, and Agency Competence.
- Author
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LEWIS, DAVID E.
- Subjects
PRESIDENTS of the United States ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,POLITICAL patronage ,BUREAUCRACY ,EXECUTIVES ,PUBLIC officers ,MANAGEMENT ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper argues that we should revisit the common assumptions in the administrative presidency literature about political appointments. Specifically, it contests the notions that presidential politicization of the executive branch is intended only to enhance political control of the bureaucracy and is successful at doing so. Instead, the author argues that politicization choices are driven by patronage concerns, and politicization of the bureaucracy ultimately can make it harder for presidents to control the bureaucracy. The paper illustrates how one might theorize more generally about patronage politics in the White House and the impact of appointments on performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Penn report faults campus police for response to students' taking papers.
- Author
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Shea, Christopher
- Subjects
- *
AFRICAN American students , *POLITICAL participation - Abstract
Focuses on a University of Pennsylvania report that faults the campus police for response to the students' taking of `The Daily Pennsylvanian' school paper. Involvement of black students; Claimed constitutional right; Racist editorials and articles; Recording students' names.
- Published
- 1993
17. The Political Activities of Reformed Clergy in the United States and Scotland.
- Author
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Penning, James M. and Smidt, Corwin
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation of clergy ,POLITICAL participation ,SOCIAL interaction ,MODERNISM (Christian theology) - Abstract
This paper examines Reformed clergy across two different settings - the United States and Scotland in an effort to determine how theological orthodoxy is related to political participation. The paper demonstrates that (1) clergy in both settings tend to be politically active (2) the level of clergy political activity tends to be greater in the United States than in Scotland (3) the relationship between orthodoxy and political activity is complex, varying by the specific type of activity examined and (4) while theological orthodoxy and modernist clergy tend to differ in the nature of their political activities, there is no longer a major "gap" in level of political activity between the two groups of ministers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Constituencies and Legislation: The Fight Over the McFadden Act of 1927.
- Author
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Rajan, Raghuram G. and Ramcharan, Rodney
- Subjects
BANKING laws ,BANKING industry ,VOTING research ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL psychology - Abstract
The McFadden Act of 1927 was one of the most hotly contested pieces of legislation in U.S. banking history, and its influence was felt over half a century later. This paper studies the congressional voting behavior surrounding the act's passage. We find that congressmen in districts in which landholdings were concentrated and credit was costlier were significantly more likely to oppose the act. The evidence suggests that whereas the law and the overall regulatory structure can shape the financial system far into the future, they themselves are likely to be shaped by elites, even in countries with benign political institutions. This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. It's Not Just a Job: Military Service and Latino Political Participation.
- Author
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Leal, David L.
- Subjects
ARMED Forces ,VOCATIONAL guidance ,HISPANIC Americans ,POLITICAL participation ,PRACTICAL politics ,SOCIAL participation - Abstract
Using the Latino National Political Survey, this paper tests the hypothesis that military service serves to stimulate electoral and nonelectoral political participation by Latinos. The results are compared with those for Anglos (non-Hispanic whites). The data show that Latino veterans, and particularly draftees, exhibited higher levels of voting and low-intensity nonelectoral political activities. Anglo veterans did not increase their participation to the same extent. Service in the volunteer army was a much less important explanatory factor of both Latino and Anglo political participation. Military experience therefore has a greater impact on Latinos than Anglos, and the draft experience was more important than volunteer service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Demand Grows to Require Paper Trails for Electronic Votes.
- Author
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Seelye, Katharine Q.
- Subjects
- *
VOTING machines , *ELECTIONS , *BALLOTS , *VOTING machine industry , *POLITICAL participation - Abstract
Reports that a coalition of computer scientists, voter groups and state officials in the United States is trying to force the makers of electronic voting machines to equip those machines with voter-verifiable paper trails. Concerns of possible problems in tabulating electronic votes; Evidence of many malfunctions of the electronic system.
- Published
- 2004
21. Overconfidence in Political Behavior.
- Author
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Ortoleva, Pietro and Snowberg, Erik
- Subjects
CONFIDENCE ,POLITICAL sociology ,POLITICAL doctrines ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL attitudes ,RADICALISM ,VOTER turnout - Abstract
This paper studies, theoretically and empirically, the role of overconfidence in political behavior. Our model of overconfidence in beliefs predicts that overconfidence leads to ideological extremeness, increased voter turnout, and stronger partisan identification. The model also makes nuanced predictions about the patterns of ideology in society. These predictions are tested using unique data that measure the overconfidence and standard political characteristics of a nationwide sample of over 3,000 adults. Our numerous predictions find strong support in these data. In particular, we document that overconfidence is a substantively and statistically important predictor of ideological extremeness, voter turnout, and partisan identification. (JEL C83, D03, D72, D83) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Supporting Tax Policy Change Through Accounting Discretion: Evidence from the 2012 Elections.
- Author
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Baloria, Vishal P. and Klassen, Kenneth J.
- Subjects
BUSINESS enterprises ,FINANCIAL statements ,ECONOMICS & politics ,TAX rates ,CORPORATE taxes ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
Some corporations attempt to lessen their tax burden through involvement in the legislative process. We identify firms that contributed to congressional candidates who favor reductions in the U.S. corporate statutory tax rate. This support created a temporary incentive to manage effective tax rates (ETRs) up. We document that these firms increased their reported effective tax rate in the two calendar quarters preceding the 2012 election relative to adjacent periods and other firms supporting candidates in the same election. We find that the variation in upward ETR management is correlated with firm-level proxies for potential reputational costs, capital markets costs, and long-run tax burdens. The variation in upward ETR management is also correlated with firm-candidate-level proxies for strength of relationships and competitiveness of election races. Our findings provide new evidence on accounting choices in support of corporate political activity and on the political cost hypothesis in the tax setting. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2842. This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. RESEARCH NOTES. THE DETERMINANTS OF FUNDS RAISED BY CORPORATE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES: AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION.
- Author
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Masters, Marick F. and Baysinger, Barry D.
- Subjects
FUNDRAISING ,FUNDRAISING laws ,POLITICAL action committees ,CORPORATE political activity ,BUSINESS & politics ,POLITICAL participation ,CAMPAIGN funds ,PRESSURE groups ,CORPORATION law ,POLITICAL candidates ,FINANCE - Abstract
Organizational theorists and other management scholars have long recognized that business corporations operate in complex environments that significantly affect their performance. In recent years, with the federal government an increasingly salient contributor to the complexity of many firms' task environments, the management literature has begun to focus on the effects of this development (Alpin & Hegarty, 1980; Miles, 1982; Post, Murray, Dickie, & Mahon, 1983). Corporations have responded to growing federal intervention in several ways. Many have instituted or expanded formal multipurpose public affairs units to monitor and influence the political environment (Baysinger, 1984; Baysinger & Woodman, 1982; Post et al., 1983). One corporate response has aroused much public controversy--the burgeoning of corporate political action committees (PACs) through which firms channel money into the campaign coffers of candidates for federal offices. The PAC phenomenon has led to several useful studies in management and other disciplines (e.g., Epstein, 1980; Kau, Keenan, & Rubin, 1982). However, scholars have given scant theoretical or empirical treatment to the determinants of variations in corporations' abilities to raise PAC funds. The purpose of this paper is to test hypotheses concerning such variations within a theoretical framework. To our knowledge, the present study is the first comprehensive attempt to analyze this question. A tentative explanation of potential variations in corporate political power at the national level is implicit in its findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS AND MADISON AVENUE: A WAVERING PARTNERSHIP.
- Author
-
Hill, David B.
- Subjects
POLITICAL advertising ,POLITICAL candidates ,ADVERTISING agencies ,ELECTIONS & ethics ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL campaigns ,UNITED States elections ,PRACTICAL politics ,POLITICAL endorsements ,ADVERTISING management ,ADVERTISING ethics - Abstract
Many of the nation's most respected advertising agencies have become reluctant to accept political campaigns as clients. And political candidates increasingly are choosing independent political consultants to direct their media campaigns. This paper analyzes the history of these trends and reports the results of a nationwide survey of 99 advertising agencies. Among firms that had not handled political accounts in five years or that planned to reduce political campaign involvement, the major reasons cited for avoiding political accounts centered on concerns that they may interfere with business client relations while creating an intolerable workload without commensurate profitability. The potential implications of replacing advertising agencies with political consultants are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. The Battle for the FBI's Papers on John Lennon.
- Author
-
Monaghan, Peter
- Subjects
FREEDOM of information ,ACCESS to information ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
An interview is presented with Jon Wiener, a history professor at the University of California at Irvine. For 23 years he has been fighting the U.S. government for access to federal documents about John Lennon. He has obtained all but 10 documents, and in 1999 he published "Gimme Some Truth: The John Lennon FBI Files." Wiener answers questions about former U.S. president Richard Nixon and his antagonism against Lennon. He also talks about his struggle to gain access to the FBI documents on John Lennon.
- Published
- 2006
26. A Look Back to Envision the Future: Nursing Now USA™ as a Vehicle for Advocacy and Change, Part I | OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing.
- Author
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Jones, Cheryl B., Alexander, G. Rumay, Montano, Nena Peragallo, Grant, Ernest, Peterson, Cheryl A., Mix, Aisha K., and Wilmoth, Margaret (Peggy) C.
- Subjects
- *
OCCUPATIONAL roles , *SERIAL publications , *HISTORY of nursing , *LEADERSHIP , *WORLD health , *LEADERS , *NURSING career counseling , *ORGANIZATIONAL goals , *FUNDRAISING , *NURSING education , *NURSES , *GOVERNMENT policy , *QUALITY assurance , *ELECTRONIC publications , *POLITICAL participation , *DIFFUSION of innovations , *COVID-19 pandemic , *EVIDENCE-based nursing , *TELENURSING - Abstract
The article discusses the critical role of nursing in the face of the global COVID-19 pandemic and various social challenges, emphasizing the importance of nursing innovations and solutions. It introduces Nursing Now USA (NNUSA) and presents three commissioned papers focusing on nursing practice, education, and leadership innovations and these papers highlight the impact of nurse-led initiatives and provide valuable insights for the future of nursing research, practice, and scholarship.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Bailout for sale? The vote to save Wall Street.
- Author
-
Dorsch, Michael
- Subjects
CAMPAIGN funds ,FINANCIAL bailouts ,AGENCY theory ,PRESSURE groups ,HETEROGENEITY ,ELECTION districts ,FINANCIAL services industry ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper provides a public choice analysis of the 2008 banking bailout in the United States. The paper introduces heterogeneity of congressional districts into the common agency problem in special interest politics. District heterogeneity implies district-specific electoral constraints on legislators' ability to collect rents from, and cast dissonant votes in support of, special interests. An empirical analysis examines legislative voting on the initial bailout proposal, using campaign contributions to legislators from special interest groups and the importance of financial services for employment within congressional districts as the main explanatory variables. The empirical analysis corrects for possible endogeneity bias, using valid instruments, and considers several intuitive sub-sample estimations as alternative methods for addressing the endogeneity issue. The paper provides empirical evidence that campaign contributions from the financial services sector influenced legislative voting on the banking bailout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Timing Is Everything? Primacy and Recency Effects in Voter Mobilization Campaigns.
- Author
-
Panagopoulos, Costas
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL campaigns ,VOTERS ,MASS mobilization ,POLITICAL advertising ,LOCAL elections - Abstract
The timing of message delivery in political campaigns is a key component of strategy. Yet studies that examine the impact of message timing on political behavior are surprisingly rare. Although one recent study finds that appeals delivered closer to Election Day will be most effective (Nickerson, American Journal of Political Science 51(2):269-282, ), methodological considerations render this conclusion tentative and suggest the impact of message timing remains an open question. In this paper I report the results of a randomized field experiment designed to compare the mobilization effects of nonpartisan messages delivered via commercial phone banks at different points during a campaign cycle. The results of the experiment, conducted during the November 2005 municipal elections in Rochester, New York, suggest calls delivered early on during a campaign cycle can also be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Decision-based voter segmentation: an application for campaign message development.
- Author
-
Phillips, Joan M., Reynolds, Thomas J., and Reynolds, Kate
- Subjects
DECISION making ,POLITICAL communication ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL campaigns ,UNITED States presidential elections - Abstract
Purpose - The purpose of this study was to demonstrate how the segmentation of voters based on decision-making processes, using means-end laddering research innovations and real-time interactive online interviewing, can aid in the formation of political communications strategy, including theme and message development. Design/methodology/approach - To demonstrate the application of these innovations in a political context, the paper uses data from a sample of 114 voters who were interviewed during the 2004 US presidential election campaign. The paper draws on three recent innovations to the means-end laddering methodology: elicitation questioning techniques that allow for a decision equity analysis between targeted groups; decision segmentation analysis; and real-time interactive online interviewing; and applies them to an electoral context. It provides an interpretation of the identified decision segments and an exposition of how these common networks of meaning can serve as the basis for targeted theme and message development. Findings - These three innovations, in concert, were found to provide an efficient set of methods to serve as the foundation for the campaign message development process. Originality/value - This paper provides deterministic research techniques for campaign strategists who want to understand voter decision making and demonstrates a combination of methodological and technological innovations that addresses the time, cost, and geographic limitations often associated with conducting voter decision making research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. James Madison's Psychology of Public Opinion.
- Author
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Gabrielson, Teena
- Subjects
PUBLIC opinion ,COLLECTIVE action ,REPRESENTATIVE government -- Social aspects ,REPUBLICANISM ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This article argues that in his "Party Press Essays," James Madison expounds a psychology of public opinion that is identifiable, but less developed, in his earlier writings. In these essays, Madison explains how a territorial mean, or a "practicable sphere," contributes to a psychological mean that creates a context for the emergence of an enlightened majority capable of mobilizing against an abusive regime. Attending to Madison's psychology of public opinion highlights the political importance of affect in Madison's thought and clarifies his position regarding the appropriate role of the people in a republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. HOPING BECOMES A PRESIDENT. RHETORIC AND POLITICAL VISION IN BARACK H. OBAMA.
- Author
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Gherasim, Gabriel C.
- Subjects
PRESIDENTS of the United States ,POLITICAL participation ,RHETORIC & politics ,ACADEMIC dissertations ,COMMUNITY relations ,VALUES (Ethics) -- Social aspects ,AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL memory - Abstract
The thesis of the present paper is that of putting forward an interpretation of the presence of the rhetoric component and of highlighting the theoretical values on politics that Barack Obama's political activity, as well as his speeches and autobiographic work, reveal. The subjacent implication of this approach is that there is an indissoluble unity among these three elements with a public character and that, at the same time, they project a unitary vision on politics. The paper is not an analysis either of the political activity or the speeches that Obama has made, but it seeks to highlight the overtones that are characteristic to his particular rhetoric and to single out some explicit axiological presuppositions of his political vision. Our assumption is that, once this vision on politics has been clarified, one can then distinguish the explicit motivations of his past, current and future political activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
32. The Role of Family Interaction in New Immigrant Latinos' Civic Engagement.
- Author
-
Wilkin, Holley A., Vikki S., Katz, and Sandra, J. Ball-Rokeach
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation of minorities ,POLITICAL participation ,TELEPHONE surveys ,STORYTELLING ,HISPANIC Americans -- Politics & government ,HISPANIC American families ,PROTEST movements - Abstract
Civic engagement can impact politics, health outcomes, support for new policies, and the like. Research indicates that the communication infrastructure and the strength of the storytelling network, influences civic engagement outcomes. Recent community building initiatives place the impetus of community change and civic engagement on the family unit. This paper places the family unit within the storytelling network and explores how family interaction is related to civic engagement. A telephone survey of 739 new immigrant Latinos in Los Angeles was used to test the effect of family interaction on civic engagement. Regression analyses, controlling for sociodemographic factors, were used. Results indicate that family interaction leads to higher levels of civic engagement and encourages more integration into the neighborhood storytelling network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Wal-Mart in the Garden District: Does the Arbitrary and Capricious Standard of Review in NEPA Cases Undermine Citizen Participation?
- Author
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Jourdan, Dawn E. and Gifford, Kevin
- Subjects
UNITED States. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ,POLITICAL participation ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact statements - Abstract
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), enacted in 1969, requires that agencies of the U.S. government or those seeking to use federal funds to construct projects study the environmental and social impacts of said projects. Under the provisions of NEPA, a first-level review must be conducted for all projects not otherwise exempted. If the entity conducting the review deems that the project will result in a significant impact on humans or the environment, an environmental impact statement (EIS) must be prepared. The decision about whether or not to prepare an EIS can be controversial due to the fact that the entity charged with preparing the initial review ultimately makes decisions regarding the necessity of the preparation of the EIS. This paper explains the NEPA review process and the controversy that may result when the entity preparing the EIS does not respond to public concerns that a proposed project has a significant impact on the environment. The legal history of Coliseum Square Ass'n, Inc. v. Jackson, 465 F.3d 215 (5th Cir. 2006), provides a glimpse of a growing concern that the standard of review employed in these cases undermines efforts to involve citizens in the public comment process. The paper concludes with a discussion of how NEPA might be modified to ensure that citizens are given an adequate opportunity to participate in NEPA review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
34. Same-Sex Marriage: Why It Matters--At Least for Now.
- Author
-
CALLAHAN, JOAN
- Subjects
FEMINIST ethics ,MARRIAGE ,SAME-sex marriage ,POLITICAL participation ,LGBTQ+ people ,ETHICS - Abstract
This paper addresses the progressive, feminist critique of same-sex marriage as articulated by Claudia Card. Although agreeing with Card that the institution of marriage as we know it is profoundly morally flawed in its origins and effects, Callahan disagrees with Card's suggestion that queer activists in the United States should not be working for the inclusion of same-sex couples in the institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. PAC Contributions from Sectors of the Financial Services Industry, 1998–2002.
- Author
-
Bennett, Randall and Loucks, Christine
- Subjects
FINANCIAL services industry ,POLITICAL action committees ,BANKING laws ,BANKING industry ,LEGISLATION ,BUSINESS & politics ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between House committee membership and campaign contributions from financial services industry political action committees (PACs) over the 1998–2002 election periods. Three significant pieces of banking legislation were passed during this time. Because members of the financial services industry were affected greatly by this legislation, it seems logical that PACs might attempt to influence the legislative process through the distribution of campaign contributions. We examine the relationship between PAC contributions to individual legislators for the 1998–2002 election cycle and membership on the House banking committee using a sample selection model. We find committee membership matters and the different financial services industry PACs give disproportionately more to representatives with the power to write legislation favorable to the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. US presidential elections and real GDP growth, 1961–2004.
- Author
-
Grier, Kevin
- Subjects
VOTING research ,PARTISANSHIP ,GROSS domestic product ,ELECTIONS & economics ,PRESIDENTIAL elections ,POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL parties ,PRICE inflation ,GOVERNMENT spending policy - Abstract
In this paper I show that, since 1960, an electoral cycle in US output growth can both be seen by the naked eye in the raw data and confirmed by a statistical analysis that allows for rational partisan effects as well as a wide range of control variables. That is, controlling for multiple lags of interest rate changes, inflation, money growth, energy prices, lagged output growth, government spending (or its growth) and temporary partisan effects, the timing of elections exerts a significant influence on quarterly real GDP growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Hispanic Vote in the 2004 Presidential Election: Insecurity and Moral Concerns.
- Author
-
Abrajano, Marisa A., Alvarez, R. Michael, and Nagler, Jonathan
- Subjects
HISPANIC Americans ,VOTING research ,ELECTIONS ,POLITICS & culture ,UNITED States presidential election, 2004 ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper examines Hispanic voting behavior in the 2004 Presidential election. Our research makes a significant contribution to the literature on Hispanic politics, as this is the first study to apply theories of issue and economic voting to a nationwide sample of Hispanic voters. We demonstrate that, similar to Anglos, issues and ideology were highly influential in the vote choice of Hispanics in the 2004 election. However, using the best available data on Hispanic voting behavior for this election, a statewide aggregation of the National Election Pool (NEP), we demonstrate that in this election Hispanic voters placed more emphasis on moral values issues and national security than on traditional domestic issues such as the economy and education. This accounted for Republican gains beyond the overall increase in Bush's vote share from 2000 to 2004. We also show that moral values and national security had roughly equal importance in Bush's victory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Choosing a runoff election threshold.
- Author
-
O'Neill, Jeffrey C.
- Subjects
UNITED States elections ,ELECTION costs ,RUNOFF elections ,POLITICAL science ,VOTING ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper investigates when a runoff election is desirable and when a plurality result is good enough. A runoff election increases the likelihood that the Condorcet winner will be elected but also entails additional costs. The metric for determining whether a runoff election is desirable will be the probability that the winner of the plurality election would win an ensuing runoff. Statistical models of voter behavior are developed that estimate this probability, which are verified with runoff-election data from United States elections. The models allow governments to make more informed choices in creating rules to decide when to hold runoff elections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Religion and Nineteenth-Century Voting Behavior: A New Look at Some Old Data.
- Author
-
DeCanio, Samuel
- Subjects
VOTING -- History ,NINETEENTH century ,SOCIAL history ,POLITICAL participation ,SOCIAL choice ,POLITICAL attitudes ,REPRESENTATIVE government ,UNITED States elections - Abstract
Recent studies of nineteenth-century voting behavior have focused on how economic variables influenced elections during this period. Employing underutilized individual-level data from the 1870s, this paper argues that such studies overstate the influence of economic variables upon electoral behavior. Specifically, Democratic voters principally cast ballots on the basis of economic issues and divisions, while Republicans were primarily concerned with religious and cultural issues. These results suggest that the Democratic and Republican parties attracted voters on the basis of different policy dimensions, indicating that both ethnocultural and economic considerations affected both political parties, albeit in divergent ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Democratic Governance: Systems and Radical Perspectives.
- Author
-
Bevir, Mark
- Subjects
POLITICAL systems ,DEMOCRACY ,REPRESENTATIVE government ,POLITICAL participation ,GOVERNMENT policy ,PUBLIC administration ,POLITICAL planning ,ADMINISTRATIVE law ,RADICALS - Abstract
How might we think about democratic governance? This paper distinguishes between system governance and radical democracy. System governance borrows the language of radical democracy while missing its spirit. It advocates increased participation through networks because new institutionalists suggest networks are an efficient means of service delivery. It advocates increased consultation to build consensus because communitarians suggest consensus is needed for effective political institutions. System governance is, then, a top-down discourse based on the alleged expertise of social scientists. Radical democrats concentrate instead on the self-government of citizens. Instead of the incorporation of established groups in networks, they promote a pluralism within which aspects of governance are handed over to associations in civil society. And instead of consultation prior to decision making, they promote a dialogue in which citizens play an active role in making and implementing public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The Politics of Latino Education: The Biases of At-Large Elections.
- Author
-
Leal, David L., Martinez-Ebers, Valerie, and Meier, Kenneth J.
- Subjects
HISPANIC Americans ,POLITICAL participation ,UNITED States education system ,SCHOOL boards ,EMPLOYMENT of Hispanic Americans - Abstract
This paper investigates the determinants and consequences of Latino political representation in the field of K-12 education. The first task is to examine the association between Latino population and the Latino presence on school boards. We then investigate if Latino representation is affected by the electoral structure of school boards, as scholars have reached differing conclusions on whether at-large and ward systems hinder or enhance minority descriptive representation. The next step examines the consequences of Latino representation, specifically whether board membership is associated with the share of Latino school administrators and teachers. The regression results show that Latino population positively affects Latino board representation, but that at-large systems hinder descriptive representation. The primary determinant of Latino administrators is Latino school board membership, and the primary determinant of Latino teachers is Latino administrators. In sum, at-large elections negatively influence Latino educational representation, which produces a ripple effect that ultimately reduces the share of Latino teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Acts of Faith: Churches and Political Engagement.
- Author
-
Campbell, David E.
- Subjects
PROTESTANT churches ,PROTESTANTISM ,POLITICAL participation ,RELIGION & politics - Abstract
Many observers suggest that white evangelical Protestant churches serve to mobilize their members into politics, while others argue that they encourage withdrawal from political life. This paper reconciles these two claims. I hypothesize that the time members of evangelical Protestant denominations spend in service to their church comes at the expense of participation in the wider community, contrary to the way mainline Protestant and Catholic churches foster civic activity among their members. However, I further hypothesize that the tight social networks formed through this intensive church activity can at times facilitate rapid and intense political mobilization. Data from the Citizen Participation Study supports the first hypothesis, while applying King's method of ecological inference to two elections in Alabama supports the second. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The Internet Generation: Engaged Citizens or Political Dropouts By Henry Milner Tufts University Press. 2010. 294 pages. $85 cloth, $35 paper.
- Author
-
Carty, Victoria
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,INTERNET & politics ,NONFICTION - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Commentary: The Failure of Social Education or Just Going Down the Road of Post-Democratic Politics?
- Author
-
Menezes, Isabel
- Subjects
SOCIAL sciences education ,POLITICAL participation ,DEMOCRACY ,UNITED States education system ,YOUTH in politics - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Advancing system and policy changes for social and racial justice: comparing a Rural and Urban Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership in the U.S.
- Author
-
Devia, Carlos, Baker, Elizabeth A., Sanchez-Youngman, Shannon, Barnidge, Ellen, Golub, Maxine, Motton, Freda, Muhammad, Michael, Ruddock, Charmaine, Vicuña, Belinda, and Wallerstein, Nina
- Subjects
ACTION research ,BLACK people ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,COMMUNITY health services ,FOCUS groups ,HEALTH care rationing ,HEALTH risk assessment ,HISPANIC Americans ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,CASE studies ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,POLITICAL participation ,RACE ,RURAL population ,SOCIAL justice ,CITY dwellers ,HEALTH equity ,HEALTH & social status - Abstract
Background: The paper examines the role of community-based participatory research (CBPR) within the context of social justice literature and practice. Methods: Two CBPR case studies addressing health inequities related to Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease were selected from a national cross-site study assessing effective academic-community research partnerships. One CBPR partnership works with African Americans in rural Pemiscot County, Missouri and the other CBPR partnership works with African American and Latinos in urban South Bronx, New York City. Data collection included semi-structured key informant interviews and focus groups. Analysis focused on partnerships' context/ history and their use of multiple justice-oriented strategies to achieve systemic and policy changes in order to address social determinants of health in their communities. Results: Community context and history shaped each partnership's strategies to address social determinants. Four social justice approaches (identity/recognition, procedural, distributive, and structural justice) used by both partnerships were identified. These social justice approaches were employed to address underlying causes of inequitable distribution of resources and power structures, while remaining within a scientific research framework. Conclusion: CBPR can bridge the role of science with civic engagement and political participation, empowering community members to become political agents who integrate evidence into their social justice organizing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Gun Lobbies and Gun Control: Senate Voting Patterns on the Brady Bill and the Assault Weapons Ban.
- Author
-
Kahane, Leo H.
- Subjects
GUN laws ,ECONOMETRIC models ,VOTING ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper uses an econometric model to analyze the political and economic factors affecting the Senate voting patterns on the 1993 Brady Bill and the assault weapons ban. Results of a logit estimation procedure support the hypothesis that the political activities and presence of the National Rifle Association (measured as relative campaign contributions and membership) had a significant impact on the voting patterns by Senators on both bills. (JEL D72, Z10) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Why is the Bishops' Letter on the U.S. Economy So Unconvincing?
- Author
-
Reece, William S.
- Subjects
BISHOPS ,CHURCH & social problems ,CRITICAL & persuasive writing ,UNITED States economy, 1981-2001 ,RHETORIC ,CLERGY ,COMMUNITARIANISM ,SOCIAL advocacy ,RELIGION & social problems ,PERSUASION (Rhetoric) ,AGRICULTURAL policy ,POLITICAL participation ,RELIGION - Abstract
This paper evaluates the rhetoric of the U.S. bishops' pastoral letter on the U.S. economy from two perspectives. Is the letter convincing? Does it conform to the "conversational norms of civilization?" The paper argues that the bishops' letter fails by both standards because it ignores serious research on the U.S. economy, it misstates important facts about the economy, and it sneers at professional economists. The paper concludes that the bishops' letter will not be convincing to well informed readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A model of majority voting and growth in government expenditure.
- Author
-
Feldman, Allan M.
- Subjects
VOTING ,UNITED States politics & government ,UNITED States appropriations & expenditures ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
Presents a graphical model to explain the relationship between majority voting and government growth in the U.S. Total government expenditure and GNP from 1929 to 1982; Assumption that government sets agendas to maximize expenditure; Numerical example of migration between two jurisdictions.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Community Control, Community Mobilization, and Community Political Structure in 57 U.S. Cities.
- Author
-
Jackson, Pamela Irving
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,POLITICAL psychology ,NEIGHBORHOOD government ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,POLITICAL science - Abstract
This paper describes the results of a comparative study of the factors which inhibited or facilitated the development of the issue of community control of schools in fiftyseven cities in the United States. The findings suggest that the degree to which blacks and the poor were mobilized for political action and the political characteristics of the city were important in determining whether or not the issue entered the political arena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The cost of rent seeking: Reply.
- Author
-
Dougan, William R. and Snyder, James M.
- Subjects
BUSINESS & politics ,RENT seeking ,POLITICAL participation ,SOCIAL participation ,CAMPAIGN funds - Abstract
The article presents a response on the comment made by Gordon Tullock about their article on the measure of the cost of rent-seeking in the U.S. They disagree on the observation of Tullock on the magnitude of the unobservable costs of political activity, which he apparently believes are enormous. They argued that hose deadweight costs may help limit the amount of potential transfers that are dissipated through rent-seeking activity. Other contentions relative to the matter are presented.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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