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Prospective secondary mathematics teachers in Australia are typically taught by mathematics educators and mathematicians who work in different faculties and seldom collaborate--a situation that can lead to conflicting views about how to teach mathematics. This paper reports on findings from semi-structured interviews with three mathematics teacher educators in a hybrid mathematics/mathematics education department. Valsiner's zone theory is used to analyse how their beliefs, institutional context and professional learning opportunities shape their identities as MTEs. Findings reveal that the MTEs had developed similar beliefs within supportive institutional context but drew on different sources of professional learning.

Government regulations require businesses to improve their processes and products/services in a green and sustainable manner. For being environmentally friendly, businesses should invest more on eco-innovation practices. Firms eco-innovate to promote eco-efficiency and sustainability. This paper evaluates the eco-innovation performance of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries with data envelopment analysis (DEA). Data were gathered from the world bank database and global innovation index report. Findings show that for most OECD countries, energy use and ecological sustainability are more important than other inputs and outputs for enhancing eco-innovation. [For full proceedings, see ED571459.]

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2017), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. The International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2017 received 581 submissions, from 55 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. The conference accepted for presentation 176 submissions (30% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Lizbeth Goodman, Chair of Creative Technology Innovation and Professor of Inclusive Design for Learning at University College Dublin; Founder/Director of SMARTlab, Director of the Inclusive Design Research Centre of Ireland, Founder of The MAGIC Multimedia and Games Innovation Centre, Ireland, to whom we express our most gratitude. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also covers different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity; Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change, Corporate Education. This book contains the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, and of course, to our organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. [This document contains the proceedings of END 2017: International Conference on Education and New Developments (Lisbon, Portugal, June 24-26, 2017).]

We are delighted to welcome you to the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2016, taking place in Lisbon, Portugal, from 30 of April to 2 of May, 2016. Psychology, nowadays, offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, is aimed ultimately to benefit society. This International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. The conference is a forum that connects and brings together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. There is an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. InPACT 2016 received 332 submissions, from 37 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference 96 submissions (29% acceptance rate). The conference also includes: (1) A keynote presentation from Prof. Dr. Richard Bentall (Institute of Psychology, Health & Society of the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom); (2) Three Special Talks, one from Emeritus Professor Carlos Amaral Dias (University of Coimbra, Director of Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Vice-President of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Private practitioner of psychiatry and psychoanalysis, Portugal) and Prof. Clara Pracana (Full and Training member of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Portugal), another from Emeritus Professor Michael Wang (University of Leicester, United Kingdom), and a third one from Dr. Conceição Almeida (Founder of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy, and Vice-President of the Board. Member of the Teaching Committee, Portugal); (3) An Invited Talk from Dr. Ana Vasconcelos (SAMS--Serviços de Assistência Médico-Social do Sindicato dos Bancários de Sul e Ilhas, founding member of the Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, and member of NPA-Neuropshycanalysis Association, Portugal). Thus, we would like to express our gratitude to all our invitees. This volume is composed by the abstracts of the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT 2016), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). This conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program six main broad-ranging categories had been chosen, which also cover different interest areas: (1) In CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Emotions and related psychological processes; Assessment; Psychotherapy and counseling; Addictive behaviors; Eating disorders; Personality disorders; Quality of life and mental health; Communication within relationships; Services of mental health; and Psychopathology. (2) In EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: Language and cognitive processes; School environment and childhood disorders; Parenting and parenting related processes; Learning and technology; Psychology in schools; Intelligence and creativity; Motivation in classroom; Perspectives on teaching; Assessment and evaluation; and Individual differences in learning. (3) In SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Cross-cultural dimensions of mental disorders; Employment issues and training; Organizational psychology; Psychology in politics and international issues; Social factors in adolescence and its development; Social anxiety and self-esteem; Immigration and social policy; Self-efficacy and identity development; Parenting and social support; and Addiction and stigmatization. (4) In LEGAL PSYCHOLOGY: Violence and trauma; Mass-media and aggression; Intra-familial violence; Juvenile delinquency; Aggressive behavior in childhood; Internet offending; Working with crime perpetrators; Forensic psychology; Violent risk assessment; and Law enforcement and stress. (5) In COGNITIVE AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: Perception, memory and attention; Decision making and problem-solving; Concept formation, reasoning and judgment; Language processing; Learning skills and education; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer analogies and information processing (Artificial Intelligence and computer simulations); Social and cultural factors in the cognitive approach; Experimental methods, research and statistics; and Biopsychology. (6) In PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTICAL PSYCHOTHERAPY: Psychoanalysis and psychology; The unconscious; The Oedipus complex; Psychoanalysis of children; Pathological mourning; Addictive personalities; Borderline organizations; Narcissistic personalities; Anxiety and phobias; Psychosis; Neuropsychoanalysis. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters by sharing their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. Authors will be invited to publish extended contributions for a book to be published by inScience Press. We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, partners and, of course, to the organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. (Individual papers contain references.) [Abstract modified to meet ERIC guidelines.]

The Second International Conference on Educational Data Mining (EDM2009) was held at the University of Cordoba, Spain, on July 1-3, 2009. EDM brings together researchers from computer science, education, psychology, psychometrics, and statistics to analyze large data sets to answer educational research questions. The increase in instrumented educational software and databases of student test scores, has created large repositories of data reflecting how students learn. The EDM conference focuses on computational approaches for using those data to address important educational questions. The broad collection of research disciplines ensures cross fertilization of ideas, with the central questions of educational research serving as a unifying focus. This publication presents the following papers: (1) A Comparison of Student Skill Knowledge Estimates (Elizabeth Ayers, Rebecca Nugent, Nema Dean); (2) Differences Between Intelligent Tutor Lessons, and the Choice to Go Off-Task (Ryan S.J.d. Baker); (3) A User-Driven and Data-Driven Approach for Supporting Teachers in Reflection and Adaptation of Adaptive Tutorials (Dror Ben-Naim, Michael Bain, and Nadine Marcus); (4) Detecting Symptoms of Low Performance Using Production Rules (Javier Bravo and Alvaro Ortigosa); (5) Predicting Students Drop Out: A Case Study (Gerben W. Dekker, Mykola Pechenizkiy and Jan M. Vleeshouwers); (6) Using Learning Decomposition and Bootstrapping with Randomization to Compare the Impact of Different Educational Interventions on Learning (Mingyu Feng, Joseph E. Beck and Neil T. Heffernan); (7) Does Self-Discipline impact students' knowledge and learning? (Yue Gong, Dovan Rai, Joseph E. Beck, and Neil T. Heffernan); (8) Consistency of Students' Pace in Online Learning (Arnon Hershkovitz and Rafi Nachmias); (9) Student Consistency and Implications for Feedback in Online Assessment Systems (Tara M. Madhyastha and Steven Tanimoto); (10) Edu-mining for Book Recommendation for Pupils (Ryo Nagata, Keigo Takeda, Koji Suda, Junichi Kakegawa, and Koichiro Morihiro); (11) Conditional Subspace Clustering of Skill Mastery: Identifying Skills that Separate Students (Rebecca Nugent, Elizabeth Ayers, and Nema Dean); (12) Determining the Significance of Item Order In Randomized Problem Sets (Zachary A. Pardos and Neil T. Heffernan); (13) Learning Factors Transfer Analysis: Using Learning Curve Analysis to Automatically Generate Domain Models (Philip I. Pavlik Jr., Hao Cen, Kenneth R. Koedinger); (14) Detecting and Understanding the Impact of Cognitive and Interpersonal Conflict in Computer Supported Collaborative Learning Environments (David Nadler Prata, Ryan S.J.d. Baker, Evandro d.B. Costa, Carolyn P. Rose, Yue Cui, Adriana M.J.B. de Carvalho); (15) Using Dirichlet priors to improve model parameter plausibility (Dovan Rai, Yue Gong, Joseph E. Beck); (16) Reducing the Knowledge Tracing Space (Steven Ritter, Thomas K. Harris, Tristan Nixon, Daniel Dickison, R. Charles Murray, and Brendon Towle); (17) Automatic Detection of Student Mental Models During Prior Knowledge Activation in MetaTutor (Vasile Rus, Mihai Lintean, and Roger Azevedo); (18) Automatic Concept Relationships Discovery for an Adaptive E-course (Marian Simko, Maria Bielikova); (19) Unsupervised MDP Value Selection for Automating ITS Capabilities (John Stamper and Tiffany Barnes); (20) Recommendation in Higher Education Using Data Mining Techniques (Cesar Vialardi, Javier Bravo Agapito, Leila Shafti, Alvaro and Ortigosa); (21) Developing an Argument Learning Environment Using Agent-Based ITS (ALES) (Safia Abbas and Hajime Sawamura); (22) A Data Mining Approach to Reveal Representative Collaboration Indicators in Open Collaboration Frameworks (Antonio R. Anaya and Jesus G. Boticario); (23) Dimensions of Difficulty in Translating Natural Language into First-Order Logic (Dave Barker-Plummer, Richard Cox, and Robert Dale); (24) Predicting Correctness of Problem Solving from Low-level Log Data in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (Suleyman Cetintas, Luo Si, Yan Ping Xin, and Casey Hord); (25) Back to the future: a non-automated method of constructing transfer models (Ming Feng and Joseph Beck); (26) How do Students Organize Personal Information Spaces? (Sharon Hardof-Jaffe, Arnon Hershkovitz, Hama Abu-Kishk, Ofer Bergman, and Rafi Nachmias); (27) Improving Student Question Classification (Cecily Heiner and Joseph L. Zachary); (28) Why, What, and How to Log? Lessons from LISTEN (Jack Mostow and Joseph E. Beck); (29) Process Mining Online Assessment Data (Mykola Pechenizkiy, Nikola Trcka, Ekaterina Vasilyeva, Wil van der Aalst, and Paul De Bra); (30) Obtaining Rubric Weights For Assessments By More Than One Lecturer Using A Pairwise Learning Model (J. R. Quevedo and E. Montanes); (31) Collaborative Data Mining Tool for Education (Enrique Garcia, Cristobal Romero, Sebastian Ventura, Miguel Gea, and Carlos de Castro); (32) Predicting Student Grades in Learning Management Systems with Multiple Instance Genetic Programming (Amelia Zafra and Sebastian Ventura); and (33) Visualization of Differences in Data Measuring Mathematical Skills (Lukas Zoubek and Michal Burda). Individual papers contain tables, figures, footnotes, references and appendices.

This document contains the second volume of the proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Mathematics at the Centre." This volume features 60 research reports by presenters with last names beginning between Abr and Dri: (1) The Odds of Understanding the Law of Large Numbers: A Design for Grounding Intuitive Probability in Combinatorial Analysis (Dor Abrahamson and Rose M. Cendak); (2) Imaginary-Symbolic Relations, Pedagogic Resources and the Constitution of Mathematics for Teaching in In-Service Mathematics Teacher Education (Jill Adler and Zain Davis); (3) Relationship between Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers' Teaching and Learning Beliefs and Their Practices (Hatice Akkoc and Feral Ogan-Bekiroglu); (4) Teachers' Awareness of Dimensions of Variation: A Mathematics Intervention Project (Thabit Al-Murani); (5) The Student Teacher and the Others: Multimembership on the Process of Introducing Technology in the Classroom (Nelia Amado and Susana Carreira); (6) Improving Student Teachers' Understanding of Fractions (Solange Amorim Amato); (7) Autodidactic Learning of Probabilistic Concepts through Games (Miriam Amit and Irma Jan); (8) Graduate Students' Processes in Generating Examples of Mathematical Objects (Samuele Antonini); (9) Reasoning in an Absurd World: Difficulties with Proof by Contradiction (Samuele Antonini and Maria Alessandra Mariotti); (10) Will Penelope Choose Another Bridegroom? Looking for an Answer through Signs (Ferdinando Arzarello, Luciana Bazzini, Francesca Ferrara, Ornella Robutti, Cristina Sabena, and Bruna Villa); (11) Motivation and Perceptions of Classroom Culture in Mathematics of Students across Grades 5 to 7 (Chryso Athanasiou and George N. Philippou); (12) Deductive Reasoning: Different Conceptions and Approaches (Michal Ayalon and Ruhama Even); (13) The Tendency to Use Intuitive Rules among Students with Different Piagetian Cognitive Levels (Reuven Babai); (14) Coming to Appreciate the Pedagogical Uses of CAS (Lynda Ball and Kaye Stacey); (15) Students' Conceptions of "m" and "c": How to Tune a Linear Function (Caroline Bardini and Kaye Stacey); (16) A Contradiction between Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Teaching Indications (Ibrahim Bayazit and Eddie Gray); (17) Identifying and Supporting Mathematical Conjectures through the Use of Dynamic Software (David Benitez Mojica and Manuel Santos Trigo); (18) Students Constructing Representations for Outcomes of Experiments (Palma Benko and Carolyn A. Maher); (19) Logarithms: Snapshots from Two Tasks (Tanya Berezovski and Rina Zazkis); (20) Trying to Reach the Limit--The Role of Algebra in Mathematical Reasoning (Christer Bergsten); (21) Semiotic Sequence Analysis--Constructing Epistemic Types Empirically (Angelika Bikner-Ahsbahs); (22) Service Teaching: Mathematical Education of Students of Client Departments (Erhan Bingolbali, John Monaghan, and Tom Roper); (23) Students' Thinking about the Tangent Line (Irene Biza, Constantinos Christou, and Theodossios Zachariades); (24) Habermas' Theory of Rationality as a Comprehensive Frame for Conjecturing and Proving in School (Paulo Boero); (25) Extending Students' Understanding of Decimal Numbers via Realistic Mathematical Modeling and Problem Posing (Cinzia Bonotto); (26) Different Media, Different Types of Collective Work in Online Continuing Teacher Education: Would You Pass the Pen, Please? (Marcelo C. Borba and Rubia B. A. Zulatto); (27) Reformulating "Mathematical Modelling" in the Framework of the Anthropological Theory of Didactics (Marianna Bosch, Fco. Javier Garcia, Josep Gascon, and Luisa Ruiz Higueras); (28) Students' Impressions of the Value of Games for the Learning of Mathematics (Leicha A. Bragg); (29) The Transition from Arithmetic to Algebra: To Reason, Explain, Argue, Generalize and Justify (Trygve Breiteig and Barbro Grevholm); (30) Resisting Reform Pedagogy: Teacher and Learner Contributions (Karin Brodie); (31) Manifestations of Affordances of a Technology-Rich Teaching and Learning Environment (TRTLE) (Jill P. Brown); (32) Types of Representations of the Number Line in Textbooks (Alicia Bruno and Noemi Cabrera); (33) Educational Neuroscience: New Horizons for Research in Mathematics Education (Stephen R. Campbell); (34) Variability in a Probability Context: Developing Pre-Service Teachers' Understanding (Daniel L. Canada); (35) Implementing a Reform-Oriented Mathematics Syllabus: A Survey of Secondary Teachers (Michael Cavanagh); (36) Student's Modelling with a Lattice of Conceptions in the Domain of Linear Equations and Inequations (Hamid Chaachoua, Marilena Bittar, and Jean-Francois Nicaud); (37) Using Reading and Coloring to Enhance Incomplete Prover's Performance in Geometry Proof (Ying-Hao Cheng and Fou-Lai Lin); (38) Aspects of Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge for Decimals (Helen Chick, Monica Baker, Thuy Pham, and Hui Cheng); (39) Collaborative Action Research on Implementing Inquiry-Based Instruction in an Eighth Grade Mathematics Class: An Alternative Mode for Mathematics Teacher Professional Development (Erh-Tsung Chin, Yung-Chi Lin, Yann-Tyng Ko, Chi-Tung Chien, and Hsiao-Lin Tuan); (40) Routine and Novel Mathematical Solutions: Central-Cognitive or Peripheral-Affective Participation in Mathematics Learning (Mei-Shiu Chiu); (41) The Role of Self-Generated Problem Posing in Mathematics Exploration (Victor V. Cifarelli and Jinfa Cai); (42) A Longitudinal Study of Children's Mental Computation Strategies (Barbara Clarke, Doug M. Clarke, and Marj Horne); (43) Assessing Fraction Understanding Using Task-Based Interviews (Doug M. Clarke, Michal Sukenik, Anne Roche, and Annie Mitchell); (44) Evaluation of a Teaching Concept for the Development of Problem Solving Competences in Connection with Self-Regulation (Christina Collet and Regina Bruder); (45) Developing Probability Thinking in Primary School: A Case Study on the Constructive Role of Natural Language in Classroom Discussions (Valeria Consogno, Teresa Gazzolo, and Paulo Boero); (46) Collaboration with Teachers to Improve Mathematics Learning: Pedagogy at Three Levels (Tom J. Cooper, Annette R. Baturo, and Edlyn J. Grant); (47) "Aim High--Beat Yourself": Effective Mathematics Teaching in a Remote Indigenous Community (Tom J. Cooper, Annette R. Baturo, Elizabeth Warren, and Edlyn J. Grant); (48) Development of Children's Understanding of Length, Area, and Volume Measurement Principles (Margaret Curry, Michael Mitchelmore, and Lynne Outhred; (49) Mathematics-for-Teaching: The Cases of Multiplication and Division (Brent Davis, Elaine Simmt, and Dennis Sumara); (50) Generative Concept Images (Gary E. Davis and Catherine A. Pearn); (51) Developmental Assessment of Data Handling Performance Age 7-14 (Pauline Davis, Maria Pampaka, Julian Williams, and Lawrence Wo); (52) The Effect of Different Teaching Tools in Overcoming the Impact of the Intuitive Rules (Eleni Deliyianni, Eleni Michael, and Demetra Pitta-Pantazi); (53) Investigating Social and Individual Aspects in Teacher's Approaches to Problem Solving (Fien Depaepe, Erik De Corte, and Lieven Verschaffel); (54) Maths Avoidance and the Choice of University (Pietro Di Martino and Francesca Morselli); (55) Primary Students' Reasoning about Diagrams: The Building Blocks of Matrix Knowledge (Carmel M. Diezmann); (56) Integrating Errors into Developmental Assessment: "Time" for Ages 8-13 (Brian Doig, Julian Williams, Lawrence Wo, and Maria Pampaka); (57) Vygotsky's Everyday Concepts/Scientific Concepts Dialectics in School Context: A Case Study (Nadia Douek); (58) Creating Mathematical Models with Structures (Katherine Doyle); (59) Mechanisms for Consolidating Knowledge Constructs (Tommy Dreyfus, Nurit Hadas, Rina Hershkowitz, and Baruch Schwarz); and (60) Reconciling Factorizations Made with CAS and with Paper-and-Pencil: The Power of Confronting Two Media (Paul Drijvers, Carolyn Kieran, Andre Boileau, Fernando Hitt, Denis Tanguay, Luis Saldanha, and Jose Guzman). (Individual papers contain references.)

This document contains the fifth volume of the proceedings of the 30th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Mathematics at the Centre." This volume features 59 research reports by presenters with last names beginning between Sac and Zaz: (1) Bryan's Story: Classroom Miscommunication about General Symbolic Notation and the Emergence of a Conjecture during a CAS-Based Algebra Activity (Ana Isabel Sacristan and Carolyn Kieran); (2) A Teacher's Method to Introduce Story-Problems: Student-Generated Problems (Adalira Saenz-Ludlow); (3) "There's More than Meets the Eye": Analysing Verbal Protocols, Gazes and Sketches on External Mathematical Representations (Jonathan P. San Diego, James Aczel, Barbara Hodgson, and Eileen Scanlon); (4) Notions of Variability in Chance Settings (Ernesto Sanchez and Miguel Mercado Martinez); (5) Elementary Preservice Teacher Learning Levels (Victoria Sanchez and Miguel Mercado Martinez); (6) Mathematics Achievement: Sex Differences vs. Gender Differences (Dora Santos, Sonia Ursini, Martha Patricia Ramirez, and Gabriel Sanchez); (7) Self Assessment and Appropriation of Assessment Criteria (Leonor Santos and Anabela Gomes); (8) Drawing as Problem-Solving: Young Children's Mathematical Reasoning through Pictures (Carole Saundry and Cynthia Nicol); (9) The Role of the Teacher in Turning Claims to Arguments (Baruch Schwarz, Rina Hershkowitz, and Shirly Azmon); (10) Learning Mathematics for Teaching (Nanette Seago and Lynn Goldsmith); (11) Coherence of Mathematics Lessons in Japanese Eighth-Grade Classrooms (Yasuhiro Sekiguchi); (12) Triangle Property Relationships: Making the Connections (Penelope Serow); (13) Access to Mathematics versus Access to the Language of Power (Mamokgethi Setati); (14) Compartmentalization of Representation in Tasks Related to Addition and Subtraction Using the Number Line (Myria Shiakalli and Athanasios Gagatsis); (15)The Derivation of a Learning Assessment Framework for Multiplicative Thinking (Dianne Siemon, John Izard, Margarita Breed, and Jo Virgona); (16) Sources of Students' Frustration in Bridging Mathematics Courses (Anna Sierpinska); (17) What Makes a Good Problem? An Aesthetic Lens (Nathalie Sinclair and Sandra Crespo); (18) Discovering a Rule and Its Mathematical Justification in Modeling Activities Using Spreadsheet (Hong-chan Son and Hee-chan Lew); (19) Investigating Preservice Teachers' Understanding and Strategies on a Student's Errors of Reflective Symmetry (Ji-Won Son); (20) Exploring the Role Played by the Remainder in the Solution of Division Problems (Alina Galvao Spinillo and Sintria Labres Lautert); (21) Incomplete or Incorrect Understanding of Decimals: An Important Deficit for Student Nurses (Vicki Steinle and Robyn Pierce); (22) Proportional Reasoning: Variable Influencing the Problems Difficulty Level and One's Use of Problem Solving Strategies (Olof Bjorg Steinthorsdottir); (23) The Impact of the Intuitive Rule "If A Then B, If Not A Then Not B" in Perimeter and Area Tasks (Lambros Stephanou and Demetra Pitta-Pantazi); (24) Process-Object Difficulties in Linear Algebra: Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors (Sepideh Stewart and Michael O. J. Thomas); (25) Conceptual Changes as Dialectical Transformation (Nadia Stoyanova Kennedy); (26) Content Knowledge for Mathematics Teaching: The Case of Reasoning and Proving (Andreas J. Stylianides and Gabriel J. Stylianides); (27) "Making Proof Central to Pre-High School Mathematics Is an Appropriate Instructional Goal": Provable, Refutable, or Undecidable Proposition? (Gabriel J. Stylianides and Andreas J. Stylianides); (28) Power and Poverty--Whose, Where, and Why?: School Mathematics, Context and the Social Construction of "Disadvantage" (Dalene M. Swanson); (29) Documenting Learning in School-Based Mathematics Communities of Teachers (Paola Sztajn); (30) Research and Teaching--Can One Person Do Both? A Case Study (MichalTabach); (31) Computer "Knowledge" and Student's Images of Figures: The Case of Dragging (Varda Talmon and Michal Yerushalmy); (32) Graphics Calculators for Mathematics Learning in Singapore and Victoria (Australia): Teachers' Views (Hazel Tan and Helen J. Forgasz); (33) Vague Language in Greek and English Mathematical Talk: A Variation Study in Face-Work (Konstantinos Tatsis and Tim Rowland); (34) Teachers Using Computers in Mathematics: A Longitudinal Study (Michael O. J. Thomas); (35) Analysing Classroom Interactions Using Critical Discourse Analysis (Steve Thornton and Noemi Reynolds); (36) Pre-Service and In-Service Mathematics Teachers' Concept Images of Radian (Tahsin Topcu, Mahmut Kertil, Hatice Akkoc, Kamil Yilmaz, and Osman Onder); (37) Adaptive Expertise in the Number Domain 20-100 (Joke Torbeyns, Lien Vanderveken, Lieven Verschaffel, and Pol Ghesquiere); (38) Mathematical Activity in a Technological Workplace: Results from an Ethnographic Study (Chrissavgi Triantafillou and Despina Potari); (39) Pupils' Over-Use of Proportionality on Missing-Value Problems: How Numbers May Change Solutions (Wim Van Dooren, Dirk De Bock, Marleen Evers, and Lieven Verschaffel); (40) Arithmetical Procedures in the Solution of a Problem Involving Velocity (Veronica Vargas and Jose Guzman); (41) Introducing Algebraic Thinking to 13 Year-Old Students: The Case of the Inequality (Petros Verikios and Vassiliki Farmaki); (42) Why Is a Discontinuous Function Differentiable? (Antti Viholainen); (43) Overgeneralization of Linear Models: Presence and Characteristics among University Students (Monica Villareal, Cristina Esteley, and Humberto Alagia); (44) Educational Design Research in Mozambique: Starting Mathematics from Authentic Resources (Pauline Vos, Tiago G. Devesse, and Assane Rassul); (45) "The Big Test": A School Community Experiences Standardized Mathematics Assessment (Fiona Walls); (46) Numeracy Reform in New Zealand: Factors that Influence Classroom Enactment (Margaret Walshaw and Glenda Anthony); (47) An Investigation of Factors Influencing Teachers' Scoring Student Responses to Mathematics Constructed-Response Assessment Tasks (Ning Wang and Jinfa Cai); (48) Teacher Actions that Assist Young Students to Write Generalizations in Words and in Symbols (Elizabeth Warren); (49) Promoting Pre-Service Teachers' Understanding of Decimal Notation and Its Teaching (Wanty Widjaja and Kaye Stacey); (50) Impetus to Explore: Approaching Operational Deficiency Optimistically (Gaye Williams); (51) Generating and Evaluating Geometry Conjectures with Self-Directed Experiments (Chao-Jung Wu, Wing-Kwong Wong, Ying-Hao Cheng, and Yunn-Wen Lien); (52) The Distributions of van Hiele Levels of Geometric Thinking among 1st and 6th Graders (Der-bang Wu and Hsiu-Ian Ma); (53) Elementary Teacher Education and Teacher Efficacy toward Mathematics and Science (Su-Chiao Wu and Yu Liang Chang); (54) Spatial Rotation and Perspective Taking Abilities in Relation to Performance in Reflective Symmetry Tasks (Xenia Xistouri and Demetra Pitta-Pantazi); (55) Elementary Teachers' Mathematics Beliefs and Teaching Practices after a Curriculum Reform (Shirley M. Yates); (56) Inquiry Activities in a Classroom: Extra-Logical Processes of Illumination vs. Logical Process of Deductive and Inductive Reasoning. A Case Study (Oleksiy Yevdokimov); (57) Developments of a Child's Fraction Concepts with the Help of Psychological Tools: A Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Perspective (Kaori Yoshida); (58) A Teacher's Treatment of Examples as Reflection of Her Knowledge-Base (Orit Zaslavsky, Guershon Harel, and Alfred Manaster); and (59) Cognitive Conflict and its Resolution via Pivotal/Bridging Example (Rina Zazkis and Egan Chernoff). (Individual papers contain references.)

This document is the proceedings of the 10th annual meeting of the International Organization for Science and Technology Education (IOSTE). Papers include: (1) "Liberal Education, Information Assessment and Argumentation in Science-LIA" (Andreas Quale, Anders Isnes, Terje Kristensen, and Ketil Mathiassen); (2) "Placing the History and the Philosophy of Science on Teacher Education" (Antonio F. Cachapuz and Fatima Paixao); (3) "Can Feminist Critique of Science and Science Education Be of Relevance for Gender and Science Projects in Developing Countries?" (Astrid Sinnes); (4) "A World of Different Colors: Trying to Teach Solidarity and Global Consciousness in Sixth Grade" (Aurora Lacueva); (5) "Constructing Technology Education: A Cross-Case Study of Teachers Realizing Technology as a New Subject of Teaching" (Berit Bungum); (6) "The Evolution/Creation Science Controversy: Educate Rather than Debate" (Beverly Jane); (7) "Towards Learner-Centered Approach in Senior Secondary School Science Lessons" (C.D. Yandila, S.S. Komane, and S.V. Moganane); (8) "Process Skills in Botswana Primary School Science Lessons" (D. Letsholo Francistown and C.D. Yandila); (9) "Globalization, Traditional Knowledge and HIV in South Africa: Challenges for Schools and Curriculum" (Cliff Malcolm); (10) "The Role of Teacher Preparation for Informal Settings: Understanding the Educators and Teacher Perspectives" (Christiane Gioppo); (11) "Science and Scientists: A Complementary Study" (Edward L. Shaw, Jr. and Ann K. Nauman); (12) "Dinosaur Forests and Glacial Terrains: New Zealand Preservice and United States Inservice Teachers Developing a Vision of Environmental Sustainability" (Eleanor Abrams and Miles Barker); (13) "K-12 Instruction in the United States: Integrating National Standards for Science and Writing through Emerging Technologies" (Kathy I. Norman and Katherine L. Hayden); (14) "Agrochemistry: An Institutional Project of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, for the Elementary and the High School Education" (Laura Berta Reyes- Sanchez); (15) "Fostering Both Creativity and Care in Science and Technology Education" (Leo Elshof); (16) "Chaos in the Science Center: A Multimedia Exhibit" (Nelson Canzian da Silva and Ernst Wolfgang Hamburger); (17) "The Teaching of Business Administration Using Business Games" (Paulo A. Marques-Filho and Marcelo S. de Paula Pessoa); (18) "Complementary Epistemologies of Science Teaching: An Integral Perspective" (Peter C. Taylor and John W. Willison); (19) "Satisfied or Dissatisfied with Their Science Teaching? What Distinguishes between Teachers Who Evaluate Their Teaching Positively from Those Who Evaluate It Negatively?" (Tom Klepaker, Siv Almendingen, and Johannes Tveita); (20) "Methods of Using Student Assessment to Improve a Conceptual Physics Course" (Peter Martin and Adam Niculescu); (21) "An Applied Methodology for a New Form of Technology Education: Electronic Commerce" (Victoria E. Erosa Martin and Pilar E. Arroyo Lopez); (22) "The Knowledge of Teachers, Mothers and Stuttering Subjects on the Stutter: Pedagogical and Educational Implications" (V.S. Galvao, D.T. Curriel, J.D. Delagracia, and A.P.G. Carvalho); (23) "Pedagogic Skills Needed by the University Professor for Successful Teaching and Learning" (Etelvina Maria Valente dos Anjos Silva, Silvia Regina Sangaletti Bellato, and Jaya Earnest); (24) "Partnership in Primary Science Project: Developing a Community of Practice to Encourage the Development of Pedagogical Content Knowledge" (Susan Rodrigues); (25) "The Role, Value, and the Actual Circumstances of Science Museums in Japan" (Midori Suzuki); (26) "Approaches Using Analogies in Interactionist Environments in Education" (Ronaldo Luix Nagem and Dulcineia de Oliveira Carvalhaes); (27) "The Testing of Skills in Dutch Central Examinations" (Joop Hendricx and Boy Kneepkens); (28) "The Science Education Enterprise in Developing Countries as a Battlefield of Different Dreamers: How to Overcome Groupthink Symptoms?" (Masakata Ogawa); and (29) "Classroom Debates on Biotechnology in Agricultural Education" (Laurence Simonneaux). (YDS)