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The contribution presents simulations on concrete specimens. The discrete meso-scale particle model with random geometry based on Voronoi tessellation is used. The model was enhanced with dynamic solver based on implicit Newmark method. Model is tested on cantilever beam loaded by a force at the free end to verify the ability of the model to simulate the dynamic behavior of a simple linear elastic material. Results computed with different time discretization and model settings are compared. The behavior of the model in nonlinear regime is investigated on concrete specimens loaded at different displacement rates. The constitutive law used within this contribution is insensitive to strain rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a discrete meso-scale model for fracture of concrete taking into account random spatial variability of material parameters. Beams of various sizes, with notches of various depths, are simulated numerically to study the combination of energetic and statistical size effects. A substantial part of material randomness is shown to be caused by random locations of the largest aggregates. Further randomness, due to random fluctuations of material parameters, is considered and an effect of introducing a spatially auto-correlated random field is analyzed. The results of the simulations are compared with recently published experimental data on concrete beams in three-point bending. The differences in the role of randomness in beams of various sizes, with different notch depths, are demonstrated, and differences in energy dissipation are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discrete models of solids have been motivated, in large part, by the discontinuous and heterogeneous nature of material structure and its breakdown under loading. The capabilities of discrete models have evolved over the past several decades, offering novel means for investigating material structure–property relationships. However, lack of understanding of both the utilities and disadvantages of discrete models limits their further development and applications. This paper reviews relevant features of discrete approaches applied to modeling the mechanical behavior of geomaterials, concrete materials in particular. The discrete models are classified according to their form and abilities to represent elastic and fracture behaviors in the presence of large-scale material heterogeneity. Discretization of the material domain plays a large role in this respect. Emphasis is placed on particle-based lattice models. The relative merits of various strategies for introducing reinforcing components, which are essential for many applications, are outlined. Recent advances are highlighted, including the use of discrete models for coupled, multi-field analysis. The merits of discrete approaches are summarized in the conclusions. • Discrete methods for simulating concrete fracture are critiqued. • Model capabilities depend on the choice of physical or non-physical forms of discretization. • The topics of stress oscillation, Poisson's ratio and volumetric effects are examined. • Dual-lattice models are suited to modeling hygro-mechanical couplings in cracked media. • Application examples demonstrate the utilities and expanding use of discrete methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mesoscale discrete model of concrete enhanced by spatially random material parameters. • Notched and unnotched three point bending and uniaxial tension are analyzed. • Fracture process zone statistically evaluated for various random field parameters. • Nontrivial dependence of peak loads on correlation length and variance is reported. • Local averaging and weakest-link are identified as the underlying mechanisms. Numerical simulations of concrete fracture performed with a probabilistic mesoscale discrete model are presented. The model represents a substantial part of material randomness by assigning random locations to the largest aggregates. The remaining part of randomness is introduced by causing material parameters to fluctuate randomly via a homogeneous random field. An extensive numerical study performed with the model considers prisms loaded in uniaxial tension with both fixed and rotating platens, and also beams with and without a notch loaded in three point bending. The results show the nontrivial effect of (i) autocorrelation length and (ii) variance of the random field on the fracture behavior of the model. Statistics of the peak load are presented as well as the size and shape of the fracture process zone at the moment when the maximum load is attained. Local averaging within the fracture process zone and weakest-link are identified as underlying mechanisms explaining the reported results. The companion paper, Part II (Vořechovský and Eliáš, 2020), introduces an analytical model capable of predicting the distribution of the peak load obtained with the probabilistic discrete model via the simple estimation of extremes of a random field obtained as moving average of local strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Strength prediction of quasibrittle material that removes problems of Weibull theory. • Statistics of peak load are obtained analytically based on extremes of local averages. • Local averaging of Gaussian random field provides effective strength of material. • The weakest-link mechanics is incorporated via extremes of effective strength field. • Four model parameters are used to represent a wide range of random field parameters. The paper delivers an analytical model for prediction of the peak force in concrete specimens loaded in bending (both notched and unnotched). The model is capable of predicting peak force statistics by computing the extreme values of sliding averages of random strength fields. The local strength of the specimen is modeled by a stationary isotropic random field with Gaussian distribution and a given autocorrelation function. The averaging operation represents the progressive loss in material integrity and the associated stress redistribution that takes place prior to reaching the peak load. Once the (linear) averaging process is performed analytically, the resulting random field of averaged strength is assumed to represent a series of representative volume elements (RVEs) and the global strength is found by solving for the minimum of such an effective strength field. All these operations can be written analytically and there are only four model parameters: the three dimensions of the averaging volume (RVE) and the length of the final weakest-link chain. The model is verified using detailed numerical computations of notched and unnotched concrete beams simulated by mesoscale discrete simulations of concrete fracture performed with probabilistic distributions of model parameters. These are presented in the companion paper Part I (Eliáš and Vořechovský, 2020). The numerical model used for verification represents material randomness both by assigning random locations to the largest aggregates and by simulating random fluctuations of material parameters via a homogeneous random field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]