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On the other hand, the accessible multiple oxidation states of reactive Cu elements (Cu SP 0 sp , Cu SP I sp , Cu SP II sp , and Cu SP III sp ) within Cu-based catalysts can enable targeted catalytic reactions that proceed via both single- and multi-electron transfer. Dang et al. [[5]] synthesized self-supported Cu/Cu SB 3 sb P nanoarrays through a low-temperature phosphidation process, which were directly grown on the surfaces of Cu nanosheets from Cu/CuO nanoarrays precursor. Compared with the Cu(111) surface, the Cu-skin Cu SB 3 sb Au(111) surface showed higher stability of O SB 2 sb adsorption and a lower dissociation energy barrier of the adsorbed O SB 2 sb . [Extracted from the article]

The synergistic effects between Co NPs and pyridinic nitrogen of Co/CN-x catalysts was the key to realize the base-free oxidation of mercaptans to their corresponding disulfides by decreasing the energy barrier for the deprotonation of mercaptans. [Display omitted] The oxidation of mercaptans under mild and base-free conditions is of vital importance in terms of economy and environment for petroleum processing industry. Here, we developed a series of MOF-derived cobalt-based nitrogen-doped (N -doped) carbon (Co/CN-x) catalysts for the base-free catalytic oxidation of mercaptans. The optimal Co/CN-900 showed excellent catalytic activity for the oxidation of mercaptans under base-free conditions, yielding complete conversion of various mercaptans and > 99.0% selectivity of disulfides. The high performance can be contributed to the advantages of hierarchical pore structure for the diffusion and migration of substrates, self-carrying alkalinity for the formation of mercaptide anion, abundant active Co sites for catalytic oxidation of mercaptans as well as the synergistic effects between the Co nanoparticles (NPs) and N -doped carbon supports. Furthermore, a possible mechanism for base-free catalytic oxidation of mercaptans over Co/CN-x catalysts is proposed based on a set of control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]