1. The Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide in Perfluorooctanoic Acid-Induced Developmental Cardiotoxicity and l-Carnitine Mediated Protection
- Author
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Qixiao Jiang, Chunbo Wang, Wencheng Wang, Yantao Han, Meng Zhao, Min Geng, and Meng Wang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,l-carnitine%22">">l-carnitine ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Chick Embryo ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Heart Rate ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,reactive oxygen species ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Fluorocarbons ,p65 ,biology ,perfluorooctanoic acid-induced developmental cardiotoxicity ,nitric oxide ,, ,l<%2Fspan>-carnitine%22">">l -carnitineelectron spin resonance ,iNOS ,Heart ,Embryo ,General Medicine ,Computer Science Applications ,Nitric oxide synthase ,Blot ,embryonic structures ,Perfluorooctanoic acid ,Caprylates ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiotonic Agents ,animal structures ,Nitric Oxide ,Article ,Catalysis ,Nitric oxide ,Inorganic Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Carnitine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Reactive oxygen species ,Cardiotoxicity ,Organic Chemistry ,Transcription Factor RelA ,l-carnitine ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,chemistry ,biology.protein - Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an environmental contaminant that could induce developmental cardiotoxicity in a chicken embryo, which may be alleviated by l-carnitine. To explore the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in such changes and the potential effects of l-carnitine, fertile chicken eggs were exposed to PFOA via an air cell injection, with or without l-carnitine co-treatment. The ROS and NO levels in chicken embryo hearts were determined with electron spin resonance (ESR), and the protein levels of the nuclear factor κ-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in chicken embryo hearts were assessed with western blotting. The results of ESR indicated that PFOA exposure induced an elevation in the ROS levels in ED19 chicken embryo hearts and hatchling chicken hearts, while l-carnitine could alleviate such changes. Meanwhile, increased NO levels were observed in ED19 embryo hearts and hatchling hearts following PFOA exposure, while l-carnitine co-treatment exerted modulatory effects. Western blotting revealed that p65 translocation in ED19 embryo hearts and hatchling hearts was enhanced by PFOA, while l-carnitine co-treatment alleviated such changes. iNOS expression levels in ED19 embryo hearts followed the same pattern as NO levels, while a suppression of expression was observed in hatchling hearts exposed to PFOA. ROS/NF-κB p65 and iNOS/NO seem to be involved in the late stage (ED19 and post hatch) of PFOA-induced developmental cardiotoxicity in a chicken embryo. l-carnitine could exert anti-oxidant and NO modulatory effects in the developing chicken embryo hearts, which likely contribute to its cardioprotective effects.
- Published
- 2017
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