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2 results on '"Winokur, Patricia"'

1. Antimicrobial drug-resistant Escherichia coli from humans and poultry products, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 2002-2004.

Author

Johnson, James R., Sannes, Mark R., Croy, Cynthia, Johnston, Brian, Clabots, Connie, Kuskowski, Michael A., Bender, Jeff, Smith, Kirk E., Winokur, Patricia L., and Belongia, Edward A.

Subjects
*ESCHERICHIA coli, *POULTRY products, *MICROBIAL virulence, *CO-trimoxazole, *QUINOLONE antibacterial agents, *ANTIBIOTICS, *MICROBIOLOGY, *FECES, *ANIMAL experimentation, *CARRIER state (Communicable diseases), *COMPARATIVE studies, *DRUG resistance in microorganisms, *BIOLOGICAL evolution, *ESCHERICHIA coli diseases, *FOOD contamination, *FOOD supply, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *POULTRY, *RESEARCH, *RESEARCH funding, *SENTINEL health events, *VEGETARIANISM, *EVALUATION research, *GENOTYPES, *INFECTIOUS disease transmission
Abstract

The food supply, including poultry products, may transmit antimicrobial drug-resistant Escherichia coli to humans. To assess this hypothesis, 931 geographically and temporally matched E. coli isolates from human volunteers (hospital inpatients and healthy vegetarians) and commercial poultry products (conventionally raised or raised without antimicrobial drugs) were tested by PCR for phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, D) and 60 virulence genes associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. Isolates resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, quinolones, and extended spectrum cephalosporins (n = 331) were compared with drug-susceptible isolates (n = 600) stratified by source. Phylogenetic and virulence markers of drug-susceptible human isolates differed considerably from those of human and poultry isolates. In contrast, drug-resistant human isolates were similar to poultry isolates, and drug-susceptible and drug-resistant poultry isolates were largely indistinguishable. Many drug-resistant human fecal E. coli isolates may originate from poultry, whereas drug-resistant poultry source E. coli isolates likely originate from susceptible poultry-source precursors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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2. Phylogenetic origin and virulence genotype in relation to resistance to fluoroquinolones and/or extended-spectrum cephalosporins and cephamycins among Escherichia coli isolates from animals and humans.

Author

Johnson, James R., Kuskowski, Michael A., Owens, Krista, Gajewski, Abby, and Winokur, Patricia L.

Subjects
*PHYLOGENY, *MICROBIAL virulence, *CEPHALOSPORINS, *ESCHERICHIA coli, *ANIMAL experimentation, *ANTI-infective agents, *BACTERIAL proteins, *CATTLE, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DRUG resistance in microorganisms, *ESCHERICHIA coli diseases, *BIOLOGICAL evolution, *HYDROLASES, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, *QUINOLONE antibacterial agents, *RESEARCH, *SWINE, *EVALUATION research, *SEROTYPING, *RAPD technique, *GENOTYPES, *PHARMACODYNAMICS
Abstract

In Escherichia coli infection, the implications of fluoroquinolone (FQ) and extended-spectrum cephalosporin plus cephamycin (AmpC) resistance for phylogenetic origin and virulence potential are undefined, as is the influence of ecological context on these associations. Accordingly, 106 E. coli isolates exhibiting FQ and/or AmpC resistance and 98 susceptible isolates were compared with regard to phylogenetic background and virulence profiles, stratified by host group (104 predominantly extraintestinal human isolates and 100 pre- dominantly intestinal cattle and swine isolates). Although resistant isolates exhibited significant shifts in phylogenetic distribution and virulence profiles, human and animal isolates exhibited different phylogenetic shifts, and only among human isolates did resistance predict reduced virulence. Evidence for similar strains being resistant versus susceptible was scant. The O15:K52:H1 clonal group and the closely related "clonal group A" featured prominently among resistant and susceptible human isolates, respectively. Thus, in E. coli, antibiotic resistance predicts phylogenetic background and virulence potential in a complex, context-dependent fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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