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Background: In Mexico, alcohol consumption in adolescents has increased and the reasons why adolescents do that have hardly been studied. Likewise, studies on the possible differences in the reasons for consumption among adolescents who consume alcohol occasionally and excessively are scarce at the international level. Objective: To examine the reasons for consuming alcohol in adolescents, and to study if these differ depending on whether the consumption is occasional or excessive. Material and methods: The DMQ-R-SF (Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised-Short-Form) and AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) scales were administered to Mexican adolescents from 4 schools (one middle-school and 3 highschools) who had ever consumed alcohol. Results: The sample consisted of 307 adolescents (mean 16.17 ± SD = 1.24), out of which 174 (56.7%) were female. It was observed that the most frequently mentioned reason was social, followed by improvement and coping, with conformity being the least recognized. In the results extracted from the multiple regression analyses, it was observed that alcohol consumption in the total sample is explained by three of the four reasons. However, occasional consumption is explained by the social and improvement reasons, but excessive consumption is only explained by coping with aversive experiences. Conclusions: These results suggest that it is very useful to detect those adolescents who consume as a way of coping, and offer them adaptive regulation strategies against anxiety and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychometric properties of the Levenson's Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP) are evaluated in incarcerated (n = 300) and non-incarcerated (n = 248) samples in the Mexican population. The models that have been reported in previous studies were tested by means of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Brinkley's trifactorial model was the one presenting the best fit, whose indicators were similar to those reported in previous studies. Regarding reliability, a Cronbach's alpha =.766 and McDonald's omega =.761 was obtained for the total scale. The observed results provide theoretical and practical support on the dimensionality of the psychopathy construct. Implications for both research and assessment of psychopathy in correctional facilities and in the general population are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to compare the levels of gaudiebility (modulators of enjoyment) between hypertensive and normotensive participants, controlling some sociodemographic, likewise to study the possible relationship between gaudiebility (modulators of enjoyment) and arterial hypertension. Material and methods: in the present paper, a sample of 306 adults was used (mean age 58,81, 87,3% were female, most of them stated to be married (55,9%) and with an average of years of schooling. of 6,87), divided into two groups (hypertensive n = 153 and normotensive n = 153) matched by sex, age, marital status and schooling. The Padrós gaudiebility scale was applied to groups. Results: the results show a mean in the total score of the gaudiebility scale of 58,14 (SD = 12,17) in the hypertensive group, although it did not result significantly (t (304) = -1,755; p = 0,080) lower than the obtained in the normotensive sample 60,69 (SD = 13,22), but negative and significant correlation was observed with the systolic blood pressure (r = -0,275, p = 0,002) and with the diastolic (r = -0,241; p = 0,006). Conclusions: the inconclusive results suggest study in greater depth the relationship between both variables. The main limitation is that the type of treatment and possible side effects were not controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traditionally, psychopathology has been related to suicide risk, furthermore if we bear in mind that the recent meta-analysis on the relationship between some mental disorders and the risk of suicide attempt are inconclusive, and have been performed with non-clinical samples. Objective: To establish the psychopathological differences between female adolescent patients with and without suicide attempt. Material and methods: Comparative, prospective, correlational and cross-sectional study. A sample of 50 female participants was used, divided into 2 groups: one of cases, (n = 25), made up of female patients between 15 and 19 years of age with suicide attempt, and a control group of pairs (n = 25) with no history of suicide attempt. The following instruments were applied: the Plutchik Impulsivity Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the K-Sads-PL, the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the Hamilton Depression Scale. Results: A greater presence of the disorders evaluated was found: major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder in the group with suicide attempt. Furthermore, the case group obtained higher mean scores on the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, the Hamilton Depression Scale and the Plutchik Impulsivity Scale. Conclusions: The results agree with most of previous studies. It is suggested to carry out preventive interventions in cases where a considerably increased risk is detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper aims to build a scale for enjoyment measuring in order to measure enjoyment experienced by children and adolescents and also, it aims to study this scale's psychometric properties. Method: An instrumental approach is conducted in this study ; 487 high school students aged 11 to 15 years old were sampled, answering SEECA (scale to measure the enjoyment experienced by children and adolescents) ; along with this scale, PANAS-C (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) elaborated by Sandín (2003) and the Epidemiological Studies Center Scale of Depression CES-D of Radloff (1977) adapted to the Mexican population by Jiménez-Tapia, Wagner, Rivera-Heredia and González-Forteza (2015) were also applied to children and adolescents. Results: Suggest a uni-factorial structure according to an exploratory factor analysis. Based on Chronbach 's alpha's value, the internal consistency, is determined in .650, acceptable taking into account that it has only 5 items, which showed adequate psychometric properties. Pearson's correlation was made with other measurements, obtaining a low positive correlation with the positive affect's scale (r = .368), and low negative correlations with negative affect (r = -.361) and depressive symptoms (r = -.179). Conclusion: SEECA, is a very useful instrument, since it may recognize the presence of anhedonia, which is associated with social and emotional dysfunction, and also as a psychopathology. The SEECA has adequate psychometric properties (construct validity, reliability and concurrent validity) to be administrated in Morelia's city (Mexico). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: University students don’t have a healthy lifestyle so it is necessary to identify psychosocial variables that can increase it. Objective: To determine the relationship between the psychological capital (CapPsi) and lifestyle (EV) of Mexican university students. Method: A cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out among 320 students of a public university. The sample was non probabilistic by quotas. To assess the factors of CapPsi were used the General Scale of Self-efficacy, the Scale of Hope for Adults, Questionnaire of Resilience, the Life Orientation Test and; to assess the lifestyle was used the Fantastic questionnaire. Results: The variables of the CapPsi correlated with the healthy lifestyle; resilience (r = 0.505, p < 0.01); hope (r = 0.432, p < 0.01); optimism (r = 0.412, p < 0.01); and self-efficacy (r = 0.400, p < 0.01). The 33.3 of the total variance of the lifestyle was explained by the CapPsi (R2 = 0.333). Conclusions: Based on the results, it is assumed that the CapPsi improve lifestyle; however, further research is necessary to determine if the influence of CapPsi is in the adoption and / or maintenance of healthy lifestyle and identify how each one of its factors infl uences it particularly. The CapPsi has a representative percentage of prediction of healthy lifestyle. It is necessary that health promotion and prevention programs incorporate the approach of CapPsi to achieve a healthy lifestyle in the university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]