Search

Derived datasets can be defined implicitly or explicitly. An implicit definition (of dataset O in terms of datasets I) is a logical specification involving two distinguished sets of relational symbols. One set of relations is for the "source data" I, and the other is for the "interface data" O. Such a specification is a valid definition of O in terms of I, if any two models of the specification agreeing on I agree on O. In contrast, an explicit definition is a transformation (or "query" below) that produces O from I. Variants of Beth's theorem [Bet53] state that one can convert implicit definitions to explicit ones. Further, this conversion can be done effectively given a proof witnessing implicit definability in a suitable proof system. We prove the analogous implicit-to-explicit result for nested relations: implicit definitions, given in the natural logic for nested relations, can be converted to explicit definitions in the nested relational calculus (NRC). We first provide a model-theoretic argument for this result, which makes some additional connections that may be of independent interest, between NRC queries, interpretations, a standard mechanism for defining structure-to-structure translation in logic, and between interpretations and implicit to definability "up to unique isomorphism". The latter connection uses a variation of a result of Gaifman concerning "relatively categorical" theories. We also provide a proof-theoretic result that provides an effective argument: from a proof witnessing implicit definability, we can efficiently produce an NRC definition. This will involve introducing the appropriate proof system for reasoning with nested sets, along with some auxiliary Beth-type results for this system. As a consequence, we can effectively extract rewritings of NRC queries in terms of NRC views, given a proof witnessing that the query is determined by the views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve hygro-thermal comfort in buildings, an essential role belongs to air conditioning installations. Since the thermal agent is the air treated to appropriate parameters, the pipes through which the transport is ensured have large sizes, varying in the range of approximately 100-2000 mm. For this reason, pipe elements need a geometric study, especially where changes in direction, section or shape take place. Their representation is mandatory through views and/or sections, i.e. in double or triple orthogonal projections, but for an overall view of the installation are completed with 3D representation, through various drawing programs such as computer aided design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Healthcare professionals appear to play a key role in shaping pregnant women's views and attitudes towards lifestyle issues, such as exercise. The aim of this study is to investigate the views and beliefs of Greek midwives and obstetricians regarding exercise during pregnancy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted during the period of January 2022–March 2023. For this study, 237 Greek midwives and obstetricians employed in healthcare settings in Attica, Greece completed an anonymous and self-report questionnaire. Four different/independent models of multivariate analyses of variance were conducted. Results: The vast majority of these healthcare professionals (88.6%) believed that exercise during pregnancy is generally beneficial. According to the multivariate analyses, healthcare professionals with postgraduate/doctoral studies were more likely to believe that (a) exercise is generally beneficial (p = 0.03), (b) pregnant women should be informed about it (p = 0.028), (c) informing pregnant women is necessary/useful (p = 0.023), and (d) pregnant women showed interest in it (p = 0.034). Also, freelance midwives were more likely to believe that pregnant women should be informed about exercise (p = 0.006), and that they showed interest in it (p = 0.034). In addition, (a) freelance midwives (p = 0.050), and those who had experience in antenatal counselling (p = 0.037), as well as (b) obstetricians who were largely experienced in monitoring normal pregnancies (p = 0.001), were less likely to associate exercise during pregnancy with the occurrence of placental abruption. Conclusion: Alongside healthcare professionals' educational level, their professional setting and professional experience emerge as key factors and need to be considered when designing innovative interventions to support exercise during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of hermeneutics has recently become an academic focus, especially in Islamic thought and tafsir (Interpretation) circles. Because hermeneutics offers a methodology in interpreting the text of the Koran. However, not all figures use hermeneutics as a method of interpretation, more there are those who do not accept the presence of hermeneutics as a method of interpretation, this means that hermeneutics has a very negative impression in Muhammad Imarah perspective, so they criticize epistemological reasoning for the presence of hermeneutics as a theory of interpretation. Specifically, there are several fundamental aspects which are the focus point of this research, namely, First, what is the concept of hermeneutics? Second, what is the epistemology of Muhammad Imarah thinking regarding hermeneutics? This type of research is literature review-based research (Library Research) by analyzing research sources, books, journals and relevant references to answer the problems in the research. The result of this research is that Muhammad Imarah view of hermeneutics is underestimated and considers hermeneutics to be a western theory that cannot be applied in understanding the Koran, let alone in the realm of interpreting. Imarah discredits the view and understanding that in hermeneutics the position of every reader is very special and plays an important role, Imarah calls it a deified position, while the author himself is considered to be gone (dead) and the meaning and purpose that the author wants to convey are considered non-existent. Imarah's view of hermeneutics is the same as Imarah pattern of viewing other traditions and civilizations originating from the west which is not accepted by Islam and therein lies the deficiency of an Islamic thinker who is in fact a professor in the field of Islamic philosophy

With the rapid advancement of three-dimensional visual perception devices such as 3D scanners and LiDAR, the field of 3D model recognition is gradually gaining the attention of a growing number of researchers. This domain encompasses two core tasks: 3D model classification and retrieval. Since deep learning has already achieved significant success in two-dimensional visual tasks, its introduction into the realm of three-dimensional visual perception not only breaks free from the constraints of traditional methods but also makes notable strides in areas such as autonomous driving and intelligent robotics. However, the application of deep learning techniques to 3D model recognition tasks still faces several challenges. In light of this, there is a need for a comprehensive review of the application of deep learning in 3D model recognition. This review begins by discussing commonly used evaluation metrics and public datasets, providing relevant information and sources for each dataset. Subsequently, it delves into representative methods from various angles, including point clouds, views, voxels, and multimodal fusion. It also summarizes recent research development in the field. Through performance comparison on these datasets, the strengths and limitations of each method are analyzed. Finally, based on the merits and demerits of these approaches, the review outlines the challenges currently faced by 3D model recognition tasks and provides an outlook on future trends in this field.

Background and aim: While intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rates in India are higher when compared to countries with more resources, fewer patients with clinically futile conditions are subjected to limitation of life-sustaining treatments or given access to palliative care. Although a few surveys and audits have been conducted exploring this phenomenon, the qualitative perspectives of ICU physicians regarding end-of-life care (EOLC) and the quality of dying are yet to be explored. Methods: There are 22 eligible consultant-level ICU physicians working in multidisciplinary ICUs were purposively recruited and interviewed. The study data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) with a critical realist perspective, and the study findings were interpreted using the lens of the semiotic theory that facilitated the development of themes. Results: About four themes were generated. Intensive care unit physicians perceived the quality of dying as respecting patients' and families' choices, fulfilling their needs, providing continued care beyond death, and ensuring family satisfaction. To achieve this, the EOLC process must encompass timely decision-making, communication, treatment guidelines, visitation rights, and trust-building. The contextual challenges were legal concerns, decision-making complexities, cost-related issues, and managing expectations. To improve care, ICU physicians suggested amplifying patient and family voices, building therapeutic relationships, mitigating conflicts, enhancing palliative care services, and training ICU providers in EOLC. Conclusion: Effective management of critically ill patients with life-limiting illnesses in ICUs requires a holistic approach that considers the complex interplay between the EOLC process, its desired outcome, the quality of dying, care context, and the process of meaning-making by ICU physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science & Technology is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Diabetes is a non-communicable disease of global public health importance. Healthcare workers play a vital role in the management of this disease. Aim: This study aimed to explore healthcare workers’ views on managing patients with type 2 diabetes at primary health care facilities. Setting: The study was conducted at two primary health care facilities in Mthatha, South Africa. Methods: This exploratory descriptive qualitative study included 28 primary health care workers. Data were collected through individual interviews and focus group discussions and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Study participants’ views of poor control of type 2 diabetes mellitus were categorised under patient- and healthcare system-related factors. The patient-related factors included poor adherence to an ideal diabetic diet, poor medication adherence, a lack of personal glucometers, and dearth of support systems. The healthcare system-related factors identified were inadequate patient education, long waiting times at the health facilities, high patient volumes, limited resources, and delayed service provision. Proposed solutions to address poor control of diabetes included improving patient health education, providing diabetic patients with glucometers, multi-stakeholder management of diabetes, allocating designated areas for patients with chronic illnesses, improved resource allocation, and regular staff training. Conclusion: Study participants perceived an improved level of control of diabetes among patients managed at the Community Health Centres. When designing interventions for the management of diabetes, both patient and healthcare system-related factors and the proposed solutions should be considered. Contribution: This study’s findings could promote better management of diabetes at the primary health care level.

To achieve hygro-thermal comfort in buildings, an essential role belongs to air conditioning installations. Since the thermal agent is the air treated to appropriate parameters, the pipes through which the transport is ensured have large sizes, varying in the range of approximately 100-2000 mm. For this reason, pipe elements need a geometric study, especially where changes in direction, section or shape take place. Their representation is mandatory through views and/or sections, i.e. in double or triple orthogonal projections, but for an overall view of the installation are completed with 3D representation, through various drawing programs such as computer aided design.

Abstract Introduction Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) are getting increasingly important for mental health care. In the case of eating disorders (EDs), DMHIs are still in early stages. Few studies so far investigated the views of mental health professionals for EDs on the integration of DMHIs in routine care. Objective To gain insights into the experiences, perspectives, and expectations of mental health professionals for EDs regarding DMHIs and to identify requirements for the future integration of DMHIs into routine care. Methods Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews with 24 German mental health professionals treating patients with EDs were conducted. A content analysis following a deductive-inductive approach asked for experiences, advantages and chances, disadvantages and boundaries, desired functions and properties, target groups, and general conditions and requirements for DMHIs for patients with EDs. Results Only few professionals reported experiences with DMHIs besides video-based psychotherapy during the pandemic. From the therapists’ point of view, DMHIs have the potential to deliver low-threshold access for patients with EDs. Useful functionalities were seen in digital meal records, skills training, and psychoeducation. However, a stable therapeutic alliance was reported as an important prerequisite for the successful integration into care. Therapists expressed concerns in case of severe anorexia nervosa or suicidality. The participants felt to be informed inadequately on recent developments and on the evidence base of DMHIs. Conclusions Mental health professionals for EDs show positive attitudes towards DMHIs, however many barriers to the integration in routine care were observed. The highest potential was seen for the use of DMHIs in addition to outpatient care and in aftercare. Specific requirements for DMHIs are related to different areas of the healthcare spectrum and for the different symptom profiles in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Targeted DMHIs are needed and appropriate especially for concepts of blended care.

This study aims to investigate teachers’ views about the implementation of collaborative learning in English classes. Collaborative learning helps students to improve their English language performance. The data was collected through observation, questionnaires, and interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using percentage and frequency. Theme analysis technique was used to analyze the qualitative data. The result of the study indicated that most EFL teachers widely implement students’ collaborative learning, but the type of collaborative learning they are implementing is not collaborative group learning. Most of the teachers simply make their students to sit side by side to talk with each other as they do their individual assignments, and some teachers assign a task to groups. Then, one or two of the group members do the work and the other group members get equal credit. Although each of these is important in collaborative learning, they do not qualify collaborative learning rather traditional group learning. The data obtained from teachers’ interview revealed that teachers widely implement both informal and base group collaborative learning since most of the teachers allow their students to work collaborative from few minutes to a class period and most of the groups (‘Net works’) formed are with stable membership for the semester. In addition to this, some teachers were not playing their roles as they are expected. Teachers and other concerned bodies ought to deliver sorts of orientations to the students about the importance of collaborative learning to maximize their views before implementing collaborative learning.

Introduction: Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) are getting increasingly important for mental health care. In the case of eating disorders (EDs), DMHIs are still in early stages. Few studies so far investigated the views of mental health professionals for EDs on the integration of DMHIs in routine care. Objective: To gain insights into the experiences, perspectives, and expectations of mental health professionals for EDs regarding DMHIs and to identify requirements for the future integration of DMHIs into routine care. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews with 24 German mental health professionals treating patients with EDs were conducted. A content analysis following a deductive-inductive approach asked for experiences, advantages and chances, disadvantages and boundaries, desired functions and properties, target groups, and general conditions and requirements for DMHIs for patients with EDs. Results: Only few professionals reported experiences with DMHIs besides video-based psychotherapy during the pandemic. From the therapists' point of view, DMHIs have the potential to deliver low-threshold access for patients with EDs. Useful functionalities were seen in digital meal records, skills training, and psychoeducation. However, a stable therapeutic alliance was reported as an important prerequisite for the successful integration into care. Therapists expressed concerns in case of severe anorexia nervosa or suicidality. The participants felt to be informed inadequately on recent developments and on the evidence base of DMHIs. Conclusions: Mental health professionals for EDs show positive attitudes towards DMHIs, however many barriers to the integration in routine care were observed. The highest potential was seen for the use of DMHIs in addition to outpatient care and in aftercare. Specific requirements for DMHIs are related to different areas of the healthcare spectrum and for the different symptom profiles in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Targeted DMHIs are needed and appropriate especially for concepts of blended care. Plain English Summary: Digital mental health interventions are therapeutic services for people with a mental disorder that can be delivered on electronic devices. They are getting increasingly important, as many patients have to wait long for a therapy. In eating disorders these interventions are still in early stages. Twenty-four telephone interviews were held with German professionals treating adolescent and adult patients with eating disorders. The aim was to understand their experiences, perspectives, and expectations regarding digital mental health interventions and to find out what is needed to integrate them into care in the future. In general, the interview partners showed positive attitudes towards these interventions. However, only few reported experiences and many obstacles were observed. The highest potential was seen for the use in addition to care outside the hospital setting and after treatment has ended. However, in case of a severe eating disorder, such as anorexia, or self-harm and suicidality, they were against the use of digital interventions. A stable personal relationship to their patients was seen as particularly important before recommending a digital intervention. Finally, the interview partners felt not informed in a sufficient way on the scientific basis and regulations regarding digital mental health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dairy farms have become more reliant on technology. The overall aim of this study was to better understand how dairy farmers view technology and its effects on animal care, including their views on the prospect of integrating gene-editing technology in the future. Virtual-semistructured interviews were conducted with dairy farmers (n = 11) from British Columbia and Alberta. To facilitate discussion, the participants were asked to develop and discuss a timeline describing when and why various technologies were adopted on their farm. Although farmers defined technology broadly and affecting multiple aspects of farm management, this paper focuses on their views regarding how technology can affect animal care. Following thematic analysis of the data, the following 3 themes emerged: (1) the changing role of the farmer (including intergenerational considerations and learning new technology), (2) the effect of technology on the cow and her relationship with the farmer and, (3) technology as the future of the farm. The discussions also highlight the concerns that some farmers have regarding challenges associated with reduced human-animal interactions and effective use of the large amounts of data that are collected through technology. We also specifically asked the participants their views about gene editing as a potential future technology. Most of the participants did not specifically address their views on gene editing, but they spoke about the effect on genetic technologies more generally, often making references to genomic testing. However, some questioned how this technology may affect farmers more generally and spoke about how it could affect human-animal relationships. These results illustrate differences among farmers in the way they view technology and how this can affect the dairy cattle they care for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is limited research on what, when and how outcomes should be measured in psychological therapy trials in acute mental health inpatient wards. Objectives: This study aimed to consider what outcomes service users think are important to measure. Methods: This qualitative study explored the views of 14 participants, who had an inpatient admission within the last year, on outcomes of psychological therapies using semistructured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis from a critical realist perspective with both inductive and deductive coding. Results: The 126 outcomes that were important to participants were mapped onto an established taxonomy of outcomes across different health areas and the socioecological framework to consider the wider context and help summarise the outcomes. Most of the outcomes were mapped to the intrapersonal and interpersonal level. In addition to the outcome mapping, three themes were constructed from the qualitative data: (1) I am not a problem I am a person, (2) Feeling cared for and loved, (3) What does getting better look like. Conclusions: Our results highlight the need for patient‐reported outcomes which are cocreated with service users, disseminating research and training on preventing dehumanising experiences, enhancing psychological safety and therapeutic relationships and improving access to psychological therapy. Patient or Public Contribution: The wider People with Personal Experience Involvement Committee at the University of Bath were consulted which included a focus group during the early planning stages. We also collaborated with a person with personal experience, at every stage of the research. This included developing our research question and aims, protocol, participant documents (e.g., information and debrief forms), advertisement and recruitment strategy, interview topic guide, the codes, the final themes and quotes and reviewing the manuscript. People with lived experience of being admitted to an acute mental health inpatient ward participated in our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There have been mounting concerns over the lack of proper facilities for adolescents living with intellectual disability (ALWID), and the struggles particularly of the developing world to provide care and rehabilitation services for this population. Care and rehabilitation services are needed to improve this population's normal functioning but have been scarce or non-existent in most communities. Objectives: This study aimed to solicit and describe nurse managers' views of the challenges and opportunities in rendering care and rehabilitation services to ALWID. The study was based on Julian Rappaport's empowerment theory, which provided a framework for organising essential knowledge while rendering care and rehabilitation services for ALWID. Method: A qualitative, explorative design was used to solicit nurse managers' views of the challenges and opportunities in rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID in Tshwane District, Gauteng province, South Africa. Thirteen participants were purposively selected from three rehabilitation centres. Results: Data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke's six-step method. Five themes emerged relating to challenges and opportunities in rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID. Two themes focussed on challenges, namely inadequate age-appropriate rehabilitation services and a lack of material and non-material resources. Strengthened support systems, partnerships with outside stakeholders, and the promotion of physical activities emerged as opportunities for rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID. Conclusion: Nurse managers believe rehabilitation services empower ALWID towards autonomy, enhancing their societal function and quality of life with a crucial strong support system. Contribution: Nurse managers should lead in creating collaboration platforms for ALWID care, promoting partnerships, sharing best practices, and overcoming challenges in treatment and rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental health difficulties are highly prevalent worldwide. Passive sensing technologies and applied artificial intelligence (AI) methods can provide an innovative means of supporting the management of mental health problems and enhancing the quality of care. However, the views of stakeholders are important in understanding the potential barriers to and facilitators of their implementation. Objective: This study aims to review, critically appraise, and synthesize qualitative findings relating to the views of mental health care professionals on the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care. Methods: A systematic search of qualitative studies was performed using 4 databases. A meta-synthesis approach was used, whereby studies were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach within a critical realist epistemological framework. Results: Overall, 10 studies met the eligibility criteria. The 3 main themes were uses of passive sensing and AI in clinical practice, barriers to and facilitators of use in practice, and consequences for service users. A total of 5 subthemes were identified: barriers, facilitators, empowerment, risk to well-being, and data privacy and protection issues. Conclusions: Although clinicians are open-minded about the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care, important factors to consider are service user well-being, clinician workloads, and therapeutic relationships. Service users and clinicians must be involved in the development of digital technologies and systems to ensure ease of use. The development of, and training in, clear policies and guidelines on the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care, including risk management and data security procedures, will also be key to facilitating clinician engagement. The means for clinicians and service users to provide feedback on how the use of passive sensing and AI in practice is being received should also be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiometabolic diseases are principal contributors to mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. Additionally, many Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with cardiovascular health outcomes. Nutrition professionals' perspectives on genetic-based nutritional services play a pivotal role in treating and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Objectives: This study aims to explore Indonesian nutritionists' viewpoints on genebased nutrition services. Methods: Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, six Indonesian nutritionists from key provinces (DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and DI Yogyakarta) participated in in-depth interviews. Themes encompassed nutritionists' views on gene-based nutrition's role in NCD prevention, genetics science, and genetic testing understanding. Thematic analysis was performed using Nvivo v.12. Results: Results showed that nutritionists had a substantial understanding of genetics and gene-based nutrition services, despite concerns about test costs. They comprehended gene-based nutrition's role in NCD prevention and acknowledged its significance in preventing NCDs. Conclusions: Within this study, Nutritionists express the importance of gene-based nutrition services in NCD prevention. To enhance engagement, nutritionists are encouraged to communicate genetic testing's value to the community. This dissemination will help advance NCD prevention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to understand the epistemic views of history teachers on school history as specialised subject of knowledge. This study adopted the qualitative research approach and interpretivism paradigm. I purposively sampled seven professionally qualified history teachers. For data generation, I used card sorting. What emerged was an unquestionable epistemic certainty to which the teachers steadfastly returned. Broadly speaking, to them school history as the specialised subject of knowledge was about past human actions, promoting human rights, critical thinking, and understanding values. In many ways this spoke of a fixed mindset in which the ideas of what school history should be--namely, procedural historical thinking as part of an analytical approach to the subject as found in the CAPS-History document--had limited to no impact. This could be attributed to the fact that the rural teachers who participated in this study had limited opportunities to be exposed to training related to the CAPS-History curriculum. Hence, their knowledge about school history is rooted in their historical, social, political, educational, and economic reality in which historical knowledge, common or general knowledge, political knowledge, generic skills, and character education are key matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People living with mental illness (PWMI) have significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, yet mental healthcare providers (MHCPs) do not regularly prescribe exercise, despite its proven health benefits. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate South African MHCPs’ views regarding exercise for PWMI. Setting: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted across five public sector specialised psychiatric units in Gauteng. Methods: Mental healthcare providers were surveyed using the Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire – Health Professionals Version. Results: Most participants were nurses (49.1%) and doctors (26.2%) and reported no prior formal training in exercise prescription (79.4%). The vast majority (up to 89.7%) agreed regarding the physical benefits of exercise, particularly cardiometabolic benefits. The most common barriers, as perceived by MHCPs, to exercise participation for PWMI were: stigma (56.5%) and medication side effects (56.5%). The majority (76.2%) reported prescribing exercise for PWMI at least ‘occasionally’. The method most frequently used was personal discussion (77.3%) and aerobic exercise was most frequently recommended (81.0%). Specific instructions regarding physical activity recommendations however were often not provided. Regarding MHCPs personal exercise habits, only a third (34%) met physical activity guidelines. Most MHCPs (92.1%) indicated an interest in further training regarding exercise for PWMI. Conclusion: Mental healthcare providers were supportive of exercise for PWMI. Strategies to address the stigma around mental illness and medication side-effects, to improve training regarding exercise prescription, as well as the exercise habits of MHCPs themselves, and collaboration with exercise professionals and organisations are recommended. Contribution: This study provides insight into the views of South African MHCPs regarding exercise for PWMI.

Abstract Background Most people prefer to remain in their homes and communities as long as possible. Staying at home is widely beneficial as ageing within the home promotes independence and costs less than residential aged care. Understanding meanings and drivers of remaining at home is an area of importance. Objective The objective of this systematic review of qualitative studies was to synthesise middle and older aged adult’s perspective of their home environment and determine the factors that are important when making decisions about future housing. Methods This review and meta-synthesis was conducted in accordance with JBI (formally known as the Joanna Briggs Institute) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. Meta-aggregation was used as the method of synthesis. Included qualitative studies involved middle and older aged adults and their views about ageing and housing. Published studies were identified in four electronic databases and grey literature. Critical appraisal and extraction were conducted using JBI tools and findings were categorised and synthesised into findings. Results A total of 46 papers with 5183 participants on the concept of home were included. Most of the participants were older (> 65 years old) and the perspectives of middle-aged people were largely absent. Factors impacting on future housing decisions among individuals were identified. Seven synthesized findings emerged—independence, finances, stigma, attitudes towards ageing, attachments with home, aesthetics, and family connection. Conclusion Older people have a greater sense of independence and autonomy if they remain in their own home. Multiple external factors impacted on their perspectives including a sense of stigma about ageing, fear of being a burden to others and their own financial position which in some cases restricted their options. This review provides a comprehensive description of the different factors that need to be considered when planning future housing needs; both for individuals and for communities.

Abstract Background Various factors influence tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) decisions thus it is important to understand the health beliefs and concerns of patients before starting TPT to ensure treatment compliance. This study aims to explore facilitators and barriers for TPT among patients diagnosed with Latent Tuberculosis infection (LTBI) attending six primary healthcare clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Method In-depth interviews were conducted face-to-face or via telephone among patients with a clinical diagnosis of LTBI using a semi-structured topic guide developed based on the common-sense model of self-regulation and literature review. Audio recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results We conducted 26 In-depth interviews; Good knowledge of active tuberculosis (TB) and its associated complications, including the perceived seriousness and transmissibility of active TB, facilitates treatment. LTBI is viewed as a concern when immune status is compromised, thus fostering TPT. However, optimal health is a barrier for TPT. Owing to the lack of knowledge, patients rely on healthcare practitioners (HCPs) to determine their treatment paths. HCPs possessing comprehensive knowledge play a role in facilitating TPT whereas barriers to TPT encompass misinterpretation of tuberculin skin test (TST), inadequate explanation of TST, and apprehensions about potential medication side effects. Conclusions Knowledge of LTBI can influence TPT uptake and patients often entrust their HCPs for treatment decisions. Improving knowledge of LTBI both among patients and HCPs can lead to more effective doctor-patient consultation and consequently boost the acceptance of TPT. Quality assurance should be enhanced to ensure the effective usage of TST as a screening tool.

Abstract This study explores assistant principals' views on parental involvement in Bahraini primary education. Through a qualitative approach and interpretive case-study design, this study aims to achieve better understanding of school assistant principals' experiences and their role in facilitating parental involvement in children's schooling through exploring potential benefits, challenges, and issues concerning home–school relations. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the model used by (Epstein, 2011). Data were collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted with eight female Bahraini public school assistant principals who served as key informants. The findings demonstrate the importance of home–school relations and provide examples of how different approaches to home–school relations are used in various schools. The study discusses some of the challenges that impede the involvement of parents in schools and suggests strategies to improve policies and practices related to home–school relations.

This research aims at developing an instrument for measuring views on Muhammadiyah ideology that is valid and reliable. This study adapted Borg and Gall’s development model through initial research, planning, initial product development, limited testing, product revision, expanded testing, and product revision. The steps started with initial research to obtain the ideology construct of books related to Muhammadiyah. The ideology construct obtained was used as the basis to arrange instrument items which were then validated by five experts in the fields of measurement, Muhammadiyah ideology, practitioners, and Muhammadiyah cadres by filling the sheet of variable appropriateness with indicators and indicators appropriateness with the statements. The results of the experts’ validation were analyzed with the Aiken formula. The validated instrument was then tested limitedly in the Muhammadiyah regional leadership in Karanganyar, Sragen, and Boyolali, by involving 253 respondents. The result of the test was analyzed using factor analysis and SEM using the Lisrel program. The result of the research shows that the instrument for measuring the views on Muhammadiyah ideology consists of 26 items comprised of seven aspects of Muhammadiyah ideology measurement, including tauhid (two items), living in a social group (three items), Allah’s law (three items), Islamic doctrine (five items), the prophet’s ittiba’ (four items), organization (three items), and Muhammadiyah goals (six items). The instrument fulfills the validity criteria since it has a loading factor between 0.3-0.85(0.3) and CR 0.92 (0.7). The instrument is reliable since Cronbach’s Alpha is 0.8690.7. Since it is valid and reliable, then it is suitable to be used to measure the views on Muhammadiyah ideology in Indonesia.

Background: Most people prefer to remain in their homes and communities as long as possible. Staying at home is widely beneficial as ageing within the home promotes independence and costs less than residential aged care. Understanding meanings and drivers of remaining at home is an area of importance. Objective: The objective of this systematic review of qualitative studies was to synthesise middle and older aged adult’s perspective of their home environment and determine the factors that are important when making decisions about future housing. Methods: This review and meta-synthesis was conducted in accordance with JBI (formally known as the Joanna Briggs Institute) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. Meta-aggregation was used as the method of synthesis. Included qualitative studies involved middle and older aged adults and their views about ageing and housing. Published studies were identified in four electronic databases and grey literature. Critical appraisal and extraction were conducted using JBI tools and findings were categorised and synthesised into findings. Results: A total of 46 papers with 5183 participants on the concept of home were included. Most of the participants were older (> 65 years old) and the perspectives of middle-aged people were largely absent. Factors impacting on future housing decisions among individuals were identified. Seven synthesized findings emerged—independence, finances, stigma, attitudes towards ageing, attachments with home, aesthetics, and family connection. Conclusion: Older people have a greater sense of independence and autonomy if they remain in their own home. Multiple external factors impacted on their perspectives including a sense of stigma about ageing, fear of being a burden to others and their own financial position which in some cases restricted their options. This review provides a comprehensive description of the different factors that need to be considered when planning future housing needs; both for individuals and for communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Various factors influence tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) decisions thus it is important to understand the health beliefs and concerns of patients before starting TPT to ensure treatment compliance. This study aims to explore facilitators and barriers for TPT among patients diagnosed with Latent Tuberculosis infection (LTBI) attending six primary healthcare clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Method: In-depth interviews were conducted face-to-face or via telephone among patients with a clinical diagnosis of LTBI using a semi-structured topic guide developed based on the common-sense model of self-regulation and literature review. Audio recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: We conducted 26 In-depth interviews; Good knowledge of active tuberculosis (TB) and its associated complications, including the perceived seriousness and transmissibility of active TB, facilitates treatment. LTBI is viewed as a concern when immune status is compromised, thus fostering TPT. However, optimal health is a barrier for TPT. Owing to the lack of knowledge, patients rely on healthcare practitioners (HCPs) to determine their treatment paths. HCPs possessing comprehensive knowledge play a role in facilitating TPT whereas barriers to TPT encompass misinterpretation of tuberculin skin test (TST), inadequate explanation of TST, and apprehensions about potential medication side effects. Conclusions: Knowledge of LTBI can influence TPT uptake and patients often entrust their HCPs for treatment decisions. Improving knowledge of LTBI both among patients and HCPs can lead to more effective doctor-patient consultation and consequently boost the acceptance of TPT. Quality assurance should be enhanced to ensure the effective usage of TST as a screening tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Evidence has shown that poor adherence to vascular medications contributes to a considerable proportion of all cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality. The aim of the present work was to examine patients' beliefs/views that affect their level of adherence to the assigned medical treatment in the context of a multi-center study in Greece. Methods: Between July 2022 and April 2023, 1988 patients (1180 females) with established cardiovascular disease or relevant cardiometabolic disorders were chosen from seven medical centers in Greece. The 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire gauged medication adherence and investigated patients' beliefs/views regarding treatment. Results: Among participants, 51.2% showed perfect medication adherence, contrasting with 48.8% displaying poor adherence. Patients with negative medication beliefs were around three times more likely to be non-adherent (OR = 2.73; 95% CI = 2.28–3.28). Non-adherers held concerns about drug efficacy (OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.10–4.97) and favored alternative therapies (OR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.75–2.91). Conclusion: The findings highlight the significance of addressing patient beliefs/views to improve medication adherence. The distinct Mediterranean context, influenced by cultural, socioeconomic, and clinical factors, emphasizes the need for tailored interventions. This underscores the call for contextually sensitive strategies to boost medication adherence and improve health outcomes in this unique region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current article attempts to reconstruct the relationship between two prominent figures of the initial stage of the National Revolution 1648--1676. The main objectives of the study are to determine the factors that caused the differences in the political sphere of activity, to clarify the process of their development into a conflict ground of clash of views on the nature and purpose of the national uprising, which transformed into a revolution, and to reveal the role of personal ambitions of each of them in this confrontation. The research methodology is based on the theoretical frameworks of historical science of the twentieth and early twentyfirst centuries, the Annales school in particular, and the scientific views of A.J. Toynbee and J. Le Goff. The principles of objectivity, historicism, alternativity, and systematicity and the following methods are used: chronological, periodization, retrospective, reconstructive, historical and genetic, synchronic, historiographical analysis, and synthesis. Main results. The analysis of the source base and scientific achievements of predecessors has revealed that the conflict between B. Khmelnytskyi and M. Kryvonis is a manifestation not so much of the confrontation of ambitions for power as of the personalized phenomenon of the clash of alternative trends during the uprising: the preservation of its Cossack character or transformation into the National Revolution. It is proved that in the summer -- autumn of 1648, the Ukrainian state's idea in the form of achieving the separation of Rus (Ukraine) from the Crown of Poland was generated in the minds of radical elders and ordinary participants in the revolutionary struggle, whose informal leader was M. Kryvonis, and not in B. Khmelnytskyi and the moderate-agreement group of elders (mainly from the registered Cossacks) led by him. The conflict between them was the result of the polarity of their views on the nature and purpose of the uprising and the emergence of ambitions to take over the bulava. In the personal and social space of the relationship between the two figures, we can distinguish three stages. The first (February -- May) was marked by mutual understanding between them in the conduct of military operations. The second (June -- the first decade of August) was characterized by the growth of the conflict and B. Khmelnytskyi's use of force to resolve it. The third (second decade of August -- November) was characterized by post-conflict alertness with the persistence of differences in views, which were clearly manifested during the Zamostyansky negotiations on 20--21 November 1648. Prospects for further research are seen in the need to study the processes of transformation of the Cossack elders into the Ukrainian political proto-elite in 1648 and the impact of the political activities of B. Khmelnytskyi and M. Kryvonis on them. The practical significance of the results obtained is in their possible use by scholars to write monographs and articles on the history of the National Revolution of the 17th century, as well as by university professors and teachers in the educational process. The originality of the study is due to the first attempt in historiography to reconstruct a holistic picture of the genesis, development, and violent resolution of the conflict between B. Khmelnytskyi and M. Kryvonis, as well as their political views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every renovation project makes use of embodied energy, increasing the energy and material footprint of a building in the short term. But by reusing the longer-lasting layer of structure, renovations can lower the environmental cost of architecture in the long term: a building can be retrofitted with energy-efficient solutions and more socially effective spaces. Felipe Alarcón's renovation demonstrates this principle, improving the energy performance of the house while allowing the architect to rethink its forms of domesticity, relationship to the site and its neighborhood.

Purpose: The goal of this article is to verify if the observations of different views described by Jan Winiecki in the article Reflections on teaching economics: some observations and some proposals are also present in the teaching of accounting. It also investigates whether the proposals for developing a uniform way to present content are applicable in this area. Methodology/approach: The study was carried out based on the assumption that accounting plays a central role in a rational economy and used the critical analysis of the literature and student surveys.Findings: The answers to the questions lead to the conclusion that most students expected their lecturers views to be uniform, although, in reality, there are minor differences. Conclusions regarding the reasons for the expectation of uniformity focus on the ease of understanding, examination and graduation considerations, opportunities to broaden awareness, and to make accounting choices independently. Research limitations: A limitation is the number of respondents. Another limitation is that this research presents only the view of one group students.Originality/value: In accounting, different views can be presented. The main differences at the macro level relate to the purpose and objective of reporting, while at the micro level, they appear in the areas of valuation, simplification, and disclosures. To formulate and achieve learning outcomes, it is necessary to decide whom, what, and for what purpose a university teaches.

Social media (SoMe) refers to a variety of virtual platforms used to enhance sharing of information. To evaluate the influence of SoMe with regards to views and downloads of published dermatology articles, we conducted a retrospective study from July 2020-March 2021 examining articles published on Instagram and Twitter under Dermatology Online Journal (DOJ) accounts and compared these with type-matched and issue-matched articles that were not posted on social media. During this time period, 163 total articles of the three types used for social media (Case Report, Case Presentation, and Photo Vignette) were published in DOJ and 15 were promoted via SoMe. Utilization of SoMe demonstrated a significant (P

Background: Healthcare professionals appear to play a key role in shaping pregnant women’s views and attitudes towards lifestyle issues, such as exercise. The aim of this study is to investigate the views and beliefs of Greek midwives and obstetricians regarding exercise during pregnancy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted during the period of January 2022–March 2023. For this study, 237 Greek midwives and obstetricians employed in healthcare settings in Attica, Greece completed an anonymous and self-report questionnaire. Four different/independent models of multivariate analyses of variance were conducted. Results: The vast majority of these healthcare professionals (88.6%) believed that exercise during pregnancy is generally beneficial. According to the multivariate analyses, healthcare professionals with postgraduate/doctoral studies were more likely to believe that (a) exercise is generally beneficial (p = 0.03), (b) pregnant women should be informed about it (p = 0.028), (c) informing pregnant women is necessary/useful (p = 0.023), and (d) pregnant women showed interest in it (p = 0.034). Also, freelance midwives were more likely to believe that pregnant women should be informed about exercise (p = 0.006), and that they showed interest in it (p = 0.034). In addition, (a) freelance midwives (p = 0.050), and those who had experience in antenatal counselling (p = 0.037), as well as (b) obstetricians who were largely experienced in monitoring normal pregnancies (p = 0.001), were less likely to associate exercise during pregnancy with the occurrence of placental abruption. Conclusion: Alongside healthcare professionals’ educational level, their professional setting and professional experience emerge as key factors and need to be considered when designing innovative interventions to support exercise during pregnancy.

Background: This study identifies potential assets of the minibus taxi industry space and alerts taxi drivers to the expectations of various role-players in education, through understanding the views of various role-players about minibus taxi drivers and their role in supporting education. Aim: Viewing the minibus taxi industry through alternative lenses may lead to development which may ultimately lead to an improvement in the attitudes of the taxi industry towards the education sector and perceived negative behaviour of taxi drivers. Setting: The study took place at three schools in Gauteng, South Africa. Methods: The study followed an interpretive, qualitative research approach for exploring and understanding various views. A case study design using Lefebvre’s, ‘Production of Space’ theory and asset-based theory, were used as a theoretical framework in conjunction with the Johari Window model. Convenient sampling was applied. Focus group interviews, semi-structured questionnaires, fieldnotes, and observation were used for data collection and construction. Results: The results indicated that views which are embedded in individuals have many facets; hence, it is important to be aware of them to be able to identify the assets of minibus taxi drivers. Conclusion: Minibus taxi drivers are key role players, valuable facilitators and role models for learners, although educational development is needed. Contribution: Very little work has been done on the educational value of spaces such as taxis and transport vehicles; this research adds considerable value to this research lacuna.

Copyright of Gulf Education & Social Policy Review is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dirasat: Educational Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The definition of such terms as ―generation of revolution‖, ―generation of revolutionary change‖ used in the literature includes people born after the 1890s., whose social formation and political activity occurred at the time of the revolution and civil war. At the same time, even narrower social groups can be seen within this generation, among which the author singles out the generation of the first Komsomol members as a specific social group that unites people of the same age and common opportunities. The participants in the revolutionary transformations, who were born in the 1890s, were already formed personalities: they grew up in a traditional environment, with its traditional values. Boys and girls who joined the communist union in 1919-1920 were for the most part born at the beginning of the 20th century. For them principles, values, rules, traditions, that remained unshakable and traditional for their parents, in the difficult conditions of a changing reality lost their exclusivity and absoluteness. The capability to have a different worldview, andbehavior, accordingly, was at a certain stage reinforced by certain forces that used it for their own purposes. At the same time, as it often happens in times of social change, social lifts began to work, giving teenagers real opportunities to break out of the reality that was predicted for them by their original existence and available opportunities. The formation of the ―generation of Komsomol members‖ in various regions of the country, with a common trend, took place under the influence of local subjective factors. Here, Orenburg region is taken as a region, the Orenburg province - the southeastern outskirts of the European part of the country. The source base is built on the sources of personal origin of the region in question.

Education– no one doubts – essentially represents a strong instrument that is used in the process of executing revivalist projects, but also ensuring a development and advancement of people both at individual and societal level. That is why reformers pay great attention to knowledge which they, more than arguably, any other constituency of people, regard as the most potent weapon that facilitates the success of reform missions. The basic and common belief is that people find themselves in whatever deplorable condition and state of backwardness owing to their neglect of knowledge, which then makes them trapped in the shackles of ignorance. As a result, stressing the value of education and demonstrating this through operational initiatives by way of sensitizing, reawakening, enlightening and orienting people via various methods and approaches commensurate with the existing realities are all considered as steps toward liberating people from the grip of ignorance which has enslaved them until they rise and decisively fight it. This article highlights and appraises the educational views, thoughts and philosophy of Shaykh Ja’far Mahmud Adam (d. 2007), one of Nigeria’s most prominent Muslim reformers and most influential scholars. The article relies chiefly on the recorded speeches of the scholar in which he articulated his views during public occasions such as weekly Friday sermons, mosque lessons, public lectures or private study circles, which then circulated among larger Muslim audience. The essay finds out that Ja’far’s views on knowledge permeate both religious and Western education which he felt that society must standardize before it develops.

Background Gender-Based (GB) intimate partner violence is a social and public health issue globally. Several risks of violence related to male sexual partners’ perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) following the disclosure of their female intimate partners’ HIV + status have been reported. No research has been conducted on male sexual partner’s perspectives of perpetrating IPV following their female intimate partners’ disclosure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive status as a risk factor for the perpetration of IPV in Ghana.Objective The objective of this study is to explore and describe male sexual partners’ views or perspectives of perpetrating IPV following their female intimate partners’ disclosure of being HIV positive in Ghana.Methods Interpretive phenomenological approach was used to collect and analyse data from a purposive sample of 18 Male participants whose female intimate relations informed them of being HIV + in Ghana. The sample population was taken from Ghana because such research has been reported elsewhere but none has been done in Ghana. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect the data. The interview guide covered topics such as background information, participants’ reaction to HIV positive disclosure, lived experiences of participants, and Participants’ understanding of different forms of IPV.Results The findings of this study reveal five main themes that emerged from the interviews which include views on the perpetration of emotional, psychological, and verbal abuse; views on the perpetration of sexual deprivation; views on the perpetration of social isolation; views on the perpetration of financial abuse and views on escalated perpetration of physical abuse.Conclusion From the data, HIV positive status disclosure served as a risk factor for different forms of GB IPV against HIV positive women in Ghana, thus making this group more vulnerable and exposed to more GB IPV. Strategies to prevent the perpetration of IPV against women newly diagnosed as HIV positive are needed. We recommend screening all newly diagnosed HIV-positive women for abuse as an additional prevention strategy for IPV associated with disclosure of positive HIV status. KEY MESSAGESHIV positive status disclosure serves as a risk for the perpetration of IPV.Men are predisposed to violence upon hearing that their female heterosexual intimate partners are HIV positive.HIV infection information is distressful to receive from an intimate partner.

The book “Agaththinai Kolgaigal”, written by Professor Subbu Reddiar, serves as a mirror that can reflect the changes and unchanging traditions that have taken place over time in the internal world. Subbu Reddiar explains in detail everything from Sangam literature to contemporary literature, beginning with the interpretation of Agam life. In this book, in the section on Agaththinai Manthargal, he elaborates on who are the Agaththinai Manthargal and their characteristics. This article focuses on the concept of Subbu Reddiar. He divides his book Agaththinai Manthargal into three types, viz. The characters are called Thalaivan and Thalaivi in Tamil. Some others are related to them and are known as Mothers, Fathers, Nurses, Friends, Paangan and Prostitutes. Professor Subbu Reddiar also classifies them as those associated with the chiefs, the Kandor, the Arivar, the Kuththar, the Youth, the Guest, and the Theerpaagan. Professor Subbu Reddiar is like a psychologist who examines the nature of each character and the thought that perceives out of it. He explains that Thalaivi is a little girl when he falls in love and after marriage, he becomes so mature and corrects the Thalaivan. Like the Thalaivi, the Friend has an admirable place in the inner life (agam). She is like another mother who is supportive of the Thalaivi, a teacher who corrects the Thalaivan and corrects his mistakes, and a nurse who has the mentality to deal with the situation. Professor Subbu Reddiar says that the Thalaivan is the one who has loved the Thalaivi and is the one who has received pride and heroism altogether. Similarly, Professor Subbu Reddiar stimulates research thinking by inwardly exploring and comparing the special properties of each character. In this area, Professor Reddiar has used many research approaches such as comparison, analysis, descriptive study, evaluation and synthesis to bring the truth of his research. So, this article ponders over the facts evinced by Professor Subbu Reddiar on agathinai manthargal.

Professor N. Subbu Reddiar is a twentieth-century Tamil scholar, writer, professor, spiritualist, scientist, researcher, psychological thinker and a great man with a diverse personality in all fields. He was born on 27th August 1916 in Perakambi, Trichy, Tamil Nadu. He was born into an agricultural family and through hard work in his studies, he became a versatile man of Tamil rhetoric. He was involved in the field of science during his primary education. To highlight his writing, the Government of Tamil Nadu nationalized and honoured all of his 96 books. He studied the disciplines of science properly and became proficient in them with the principle that Tamil will prosper unless multidisciplinary texts were popularized in Tamil. He has a good understanding of Anatomy too. Na. Subbu Reddiar had written a book called “Namadhu Udal” (Our Body). He says that the human body is made up of five elements. He elicits that it is a mixture of the five elements such as land, water, air, fire and sky. So, the body needs to be taken care of to keep life in the body without physical and mental problems. Professor, in his book, explained the body as 1. Organ 2.Skin 3. Bone 4. Muscle 5.Brain Nerves 6.Our Sense 7.Digestive Zone 8. Blood Circulation 9. Respiratary Zone 10.Waste Zone, 11.Our Body and inside 12. Explaining the function of the organs with maps on the topics of anatomy and thereby striving for the well-being of mankind. All the instrumental reasons for living life to the fullest in this world are located in this body. It has been clearly explained by professor Subbu Reddiar to his Tamil readers. Based on the physiological notion that all of these vital organs, if in perfect condition, function in a good way and they can function as needed. Hence, the book “Namadhu Udal” (Our Body) will help us to understand the body simply where this article lays its justification.

The development of breastmilk banks is being established among the African population, including in Limpopo Province. However, the views of nurses directly handling the donated breastmilk in the province remain unknown. This study was aimed at exploring and describing the views of nurses towards breastmilk banking in the Mankweng area, Limpopo Province. A qualitative, descriptive, and explorative study was undertaken at a tertiary hospital and a rural feeder clinic in the Mankweng area. Purposive sampling was employed to obtain participants for the interviews. One-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the views of these nurses. Data were analysed using Tesch’s open coding method, with the information obtained being grouped into different themes and sub-themes. Almost all nurses were willing to donate their breastmilk to the bank. However, receiving donated breastmilk for their own children seemed to be a challenge due to the safety of the donated breastmilk, uncertainty about the screening process, and cultural issues. Although donation of breastmilk appeared to be well supported by almost all the nurses, the use of donated breastmilk seemed to be not fully acceptable. Increased awareness about breastmilk donation and banking should be prioritised in the province.

In Business Process Management, the decentralized execution of business processes is one of the main research topics. Several models for processes’ modelling in order to facilitate their execution, have been proposed. LSAWfP is among the most recent in this area: it helps to specify administrative processes with grammatical models indicating, in addition to their fundamental elements, the permissions (reading, writing and execution) of each actor in relation to tasks. In this paper, we present a model for a completely decentralized execution of processes specified using LSAWfP. The presented model puts emphasis on actors’ views: it then allows the confidential execution of certain tasks by ensuring that, each actor potentially has a partial perception of the processes’ states. The model thus solves an often sidelined problem in business process execution. To accomplish this, it relies on three projection algorithms allowing to partially replicate the processes’ global execution states (artifact projection algorithm), to consistently update the obtained partial states (model projection algorithm) and to deduce new coherent global states (expansion-pruning algorithm). The proposal of these algorithms, the proof of underlying mathematical tools’ stability and a proposal of their implementation, are this paper’s contributions.

Copyright of On the W@terfront is the property of University of Barcelona, Centre de Recerca POLIS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: This study investigates the e-learning barriers experienced by Palestinian high school mathematics and science teachers in Ramallah and Al-Bireh Directorate amid the COVID-19 pandemic and assesses the differences in teachers’ views of these barriers. Methods: A Stratified random sample that consisted of (104) participants from Ramallah and Al Bireh Directorate was recruited. Electronic questionnaires were used, and the descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to answer the research questions. The mean and standard deviations of responses for all the barrier options were calculated. An independent t-test and ANOVA were employed to examine differences between barriers according to the participants’ perceptions. The Scheffé test was also used to examine the differences between groups. Results: The findings showed that the level of barriers was high, with the highest barriers being at the students' level, followed by the curriculum level. The study found no statistically significant effect of specialization on the levels of barriers at school, curriculum, or academic qualifications. Conclusions: This research highlights the importance of overcoming learning barriers while maximizing the benefits of e-learning, emphasizing the significance of teachers' views during and after the pandemic.

Objective: This study was conducted to explore frontline nurses’ experiences of the impact of COVID 19 pandemic and suggestions for improvement in the healthcare system, policy and practice in the future. Method: A qualitative descriptive design was used. Frontline nurses who were involved in providing care to patients affected with COVID 19 in four designated COVID units from the Eastern, Southern and Western regions of India were interviewed during January to July 2021. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed manually by researchers from each region and thematically analysed. Result: Twenty-six frontline nurses aged between 22 and 37 years with a range of 1–14 years of work experience following a Diploma or Bachelor's degree in Nursing and Midwifery and working in the COVID units of selected regions in India participated in the study. Three key themes emerged: ‘Physical, emotional and social health - an inevitable impact of the pandemic’ described effects of the pandemic on nurses' health and wellbeing; ‘Adapting to the uncertainties’ narrated how nurses accommodated to the uncertainties during the pandemic; and ‘An agenda for the future - suggestions for improvement’ emphasised on practical strategies for the future. Conclusion: The inevitability of the pandemic had an influence at a personal, professional, and social level with learning for the future. The findings of this study have implications for healthcare system and facilities by enhancing resources, supportive environment for staffs to cope with the challenges imposed by the crisis and ongoing training to manage life threatening emergencies in the future.