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In the context of qualitative changes in all spheres of society, the demand for physical training of young people and for successful work is growing. The restructuring of the education system has set the higher educational institutions the task of radically and comprehensively improving the professional training and physical education of future specialists. Changing the goal of physical education, its essence is aimed at the formation of a person's physical culture, improving the quality of education, developing new pedagogical, personality-oriented and organizational foundations that provide personality-oriented education and upbringing.

Background The growing number of melanoma patients who need long-term surveillance increasingly exceeds the capacity of the dermatology workforce, particularly outside of metropolitan areas. Digital technologies that enable patients to perform skin self-examination and send dermoscopic images of lesions of concern to a dermatologist (mobile teledermoscopy) are a potential solution. If these technologies and the remote delivery of melanoma surveillance are to be incorporated into routine clinical practice, they need to be accepted by clinicians providing melanoma care, such as dermatologists and general practitioners (GPs). Objective This study aimed to explore perceptions of potential benefits and harms of mobile teledermoscopy, as well as experiences with this technology, among clinicians participating in a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) of patient-led melanoma surveillance. Methods This qualitative study was nested within a pilot RCT conducted at dermatologist and skin specialist GP–led melanoma clinics in New South Wales, Australia. We conducted semistructured interviews with 8 of the total 11 clinicians who were involved in the trial, including 4 dermatologists (3 provided teledermatology, 2 were treating clinicians), 1 surgical oncologist, and 3 GPs with qualifications in skin cancer screening (the remaining 3 GPs declined an interview). Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data with reference to the concepts of “medical overuse” and “high-value care.” Results Clinicians identified several potential benefits, including increased access to dermatology services, earlier detection of melanomas, reassurance for patients between scheduled visits, and a reduction in unnecessary clinic visits. However, they also identified some potential concerns regarding the use of the technology and remote monitoring that could result in diagnostic uncertainty. These included poor image quality, difficulty making assessments from a 2D digital image (even if good quality), insufficient clinical history provided, and concern that suspicious lesions may have been missed by the patient. Clinicians thought that uncertainty arising from these concerns, together with perceived potential medicolegal consequences from missing a diagnosis, might lead to increases in unnecessary clinic visits and procedures. Strategies suggested for achieving high-value care included managing clinical uncertainty to decrease the potential for medical overuse and ensuring optimal placement of patient-led teledermoscopy within existing clinical care pathways to increase the potential for benefits. Conclusions Clinicians were enthusiastic about the potential and experienced benefits of mobile teledermoscopy; however, managing clinical uncertainty will be necessary to achieve these benefits in clinical care outside of trial contexts and minimize potential harms from medical overuse. Trial Registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616001716459; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371865

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a revolutionary public health strategy to prevent HIV infection but comes with a significant personal and structural surveillance regime. Using interview data with gay, bi, and queer men on PrEP, field notes, and document analysis, we discuss the individual and institutional practices that produce what we call PrEP citizenship. Drawing on the concept of biosexual citizenship, we show how PrEP citizenship involves surveillance for compliance with use and behavioral guidelines, expanding the PrEP population, and allocating community resources to PrEP users over non-PrEP users. On the individual level, users surveil themselves and others for proper use and sexual behavior, identify nonusers and evangelize PrEP use to them, and stigmatize non-PrEP users as irresponsible, immoral, and potentially infectious. Similarly, on the institutional level, public health, medical authorities, and sexual community infrastructure work to ensure PrEP users remain adherent, increase the user base, and grant material and symbolic resources to PrEP users. PrEP citizenship has implications for the role of the co-production of surveillance in conceptions of biosexual citizenship.

Concurrent with the rise of digital health and personal health tracking technologies, a market has also emerged of products targeted specifically at women: ‘femtech’. This article is motivated by the concern that insufficient regulatory attention has been devoted to this growing market, and that extant ambiguity in the regulation of femtech leaves its users at risk of relying on technologies of as-yet unproven worth. It is posited that femtech profoundly disrupts well-established regulatory mechanisms of protection in ways that mean that these silos of protection will not be adequate. This is because regulation, as it is currently constructed, is insufficiently sensitive to feminist perspectives regarding what these technologies mean for women. As a result, the regulatory sphere in which femtech operates fundamentally fails to ensure that the health and safety of femtech users are protected as this market continues to expand. To counteract this, the argument is made that an appropriate regulatory response to femtech must respond to the distinctive unmet need in the regulation of this technological realm and the acute risk that femtech poses. This must include a multidimensional whole-system approach grounded in feminist perspectives on health, fertility, and technology.

This article analyzes my personal experience of having a maternal body through autoethnographic means. Being pregnant is a time of celebration, but moms experience private and public changes in their bodies. These public changes continue during the postpartum period. Ground in Foucault’s panopticon, this paper explores how the maternal body undergoes self-surveillance as well as surveillance by the proverbial others. I provide vignettes and personal experiences to highlight the panopticon: moms self-surveil but moms are also being surveilled when in the public eye. I make the argument of how the maternal body is a site of surveillance often used to judge the goodness of the mother or the usefulness of the maternal body. I conclude with a suggestion of how the panopticon can be used to examine parenting practices.

Although there is now a substantial body of research suggesting a positive association between the exposure to sexualized content in the media and self-objectification/body surveillance, most of the studies have been cross-sectional, conducted in exclusively female samples, focused on the use of traditional media (e.g., printed magazines and TV), and have not assessed the role of the internalization of appearance ideals, which is potentially an important intervening variable in the relationship between media exposure and outcomes related to body concerns. Addressing the need for further assessments of self- objectification in more diverse samples, this study used five-wave longitudinal data to investigate the parallel changes in the use of social networking sites and sexually explicit material and the internalization of appearance ideals and body surveillance in Croatian adolescent men (Mage at baseline = 15.9, SD = 0.54 ; n= 743). Over a period of 22 months during the transition from middle to late adolescence, both the internalization of appearance ideals and body surveillance decreased. Furthermore, although the internalization of appearance ideals and body surveillance were associated both at baseline and over time, this study’s results did not indicate a longitudinal relationship between respectively the use of online social networking sites and sexually explicit material and either the internalization of appearance ideals or body surveillance among adolescent males. Overall, this study’s findings highlight the potential for a more specific assessment of the role of the use of social networking sites and sexually explicit material in self- objectification and body surveillance among young men. Future research may benefit from exploring the relationship between young men’s modes of engagement with and motives for the use of social networking sites and body surveillance, as well as the possible association between the use of sexually explicit material and competency-based self- objectification, in particular sexual body functionality.

Melanoma is one of the most common skin cancers. Five per cent of all cancer cases that occur in a year are cases of melanoma, and many people die each year by melanoma because of overdue recognition. Moreover, the number of new cases of melanoma has been increasing in the last 30 years. Fortunately, melanoma is highly curable if detected yearly. To help mitigate this problem, the creation of applications capable of helping the user detect changes in skin moles and seek professional opinions, are instrumental. This dissertation aims at the development of an automated self-surveillance system focused on detecting changes in pigmented skin lesions over time. Quantitative analysis based on the ABCD-rule is applied to detect changes between a baseline and a follow-up image in terms of shape, colour and size. Image similarity measures for comparative evaluation of pair-images are also considered, providing information about new attributes such as colours patterns and texture. Finally, the feasibility of integrating these complementary criteria into a mobile application is evaluated. The application is designed to help scan, track and monitor pigmented skin lesions, allowing the user to compare images taken over time. Melanoma é um dos tipos de pele cancro mais comum. Cinco por cento de todos os casos de cancro anuais são identificados como melanoma e em muitos casos, o paciente morre devido a um diagnóstico tardio. Ademais, o número de casos de melanoma tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos 30 anos. Felizmente, melanoma tem uma taxa de cura extremamente alta se detetado antecipadamente. Portanto, para ajudar a mitigar este problema, a criação de aplicações capazes de ajudar o utilizador a detetar mudanças em lesões cutâneas, e consequentemente procurar uma opinião profissional, são extremamente uteis. Esta tese tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um sistema automático de auto-vigilância focado na deteção de mudanças em lesões cutâneas ao longo do tempo. Analise quantitativa com base na regra ABCD é aplicada de forma a detetar mudanças entre uma imagem base e uma imagem mais recente em termos de forma, cor e tamanho. Medidas de similaridade entre imagens para a comparação de pares de imagens também foram consideradas, dispondo informação acerca de novos atributos, como cor, padrões e textura. Finalmente, os algoritmos desenvolvidos foram implementados numa aplicação móvel de maneira a avaliar a sua viabilidade num dispositivo móvel. A aplicação foi desenhada de maneira a examinar, localizar e monitorizar uma lesão cutânea pigmantada, podendo assim o utilizador comparar images ao longo do tempo. Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemática

© The author(s), 2019. The emergence and proliferation of smart sensor technologies has enabled the self-tracking of everyday life in an unprecedented manner as the logic of quantification and datafication extends to diverse aspects of life, including education, work, and healthcare. This development is epitomized by the numerous corporate wellness programs that are based on the use of self-tracking tools. Faced with increased competition, Fitbit, one of the most popular brands in wearable self-tracking devices, recently launched the Fitbit Care platform. Its aim is to establish itself as the leading actor in employee corporate wellness programs by providing comprehensive offerings that include self-tracking tools, apps, digital interventions, and personalized health coaching. Focusing on the Fitbit Care platform, this paper examines the intersection of self-surveillance, corporate wellness, and healthcare, highlighting the socioeconomic inequalities propagated by the ideology of dataism that privileges those who are able to engage in activities that generate desirable data.

In this paper, I study depictions of menstruation in five Swedish, contemporary novels: Bara ha roligt (2018) by Maria Maunsbach, Nora eller Brinn Oslo brinn (2018) by Johanna Frid, Om vi bara kunde byta kroppar med varandra (2018) by Johanna Nilsson, Nej, det är en snöklump (2002) by Sara Villius, and Linas kvällsbok (2003) by Emma Hamberg. Menstruation has been a discussed topic in Swedish media for the past few years. This indicates that menstruation is losing some of its cultural stigma, and my objective is to further diversify the discussion of menstruation in the public sphere. To do this I chose five contemporary novels, all published during the 2000’s, and posed the question: how is menstruation depicted in these novels? How can they be understood against the background of the theories of Elizabeth Grosz, Iris Marion Young and Sandra Bartky? By doing a thematic reading and examining these novels from a feminist perspective I intend to diversify the discussion regarding menstruation in literature. In my analysis I show how depicitions of menstruation are multi-faceted and show a range of different experiences, but with the common theme of control permeating all the menstrual storylines and telling stories of how these menstruating persons internalize a patriarchal gaze and therefore exercise different types of self-surveillance due to the menstruating body being perceived as dangerous and terrifying in its fluidity and uncontrollable state.

Global AIDS guidelines have prioritized the expansion of HIV testing among the groups most exposed to the virus, such as those referred to as men who have sex with men (MSM). This paper analyses the relationships between the production of prevention strategies and sexual moralities based on the results of a systematic review of academic literature about testing with gays and MSM (2005-2015, using the PubMed, Sociological Abstract and Lilacs databases). The analysis of 65 articles reveals the recruitment strategies for identifying target-subjects and how they are held responsible for their serological self-surveillance, including routine tests. The findings also point to a diversification of testing locations. Implicit assumptions about sexuality and gay affection are conveyed through the interventions’ emphasis on sociability spaces and occasional sex, especially when facilitated by the use of apps. Attentive to the symbolic dimensions of the new prevention technologies and strategies, we argue that the expansion of testing with a focus on “MSM” signals a displacement of health interventions. If before actions to control the epidemic sought to intervene in sexual practices, the current efforts are concentrated on promoting self-surveillance of one’s serological status.

My doctoral research practice consists primarily of gallery-based needlecraft performances and moving image works made from the performances’ documentation. I have mended clothes belonging to community members, unravelled and reknitted yarn into new garments, and sewed labels onto the clothes of gallery visitors. These performances have been recorded using security and action cameras and the resulting stills and footage edited into new video works. My overarching argument is that, given that one of art’s dominant contexts is that of capitalism, in which ideas and objects may be defined in relation to their role as luxury commodities, one more ethically-tuned approach to artmaking is to turn away from the art market and adopt a feminist critique of contemporary culture that recognises women’s unpaid labour. Following the Conceptual principle of dematerialisation, I have oriented my practice away from commodity production and opened it to temporal performative practices, claiming feminist purpose in my use of needlecraft as a gendered performance medium. My performance practice of ‘total giving’ is a metaphor for the invisible ‘iceberg economy’ of women’s unpaid labour that props up and enables capitalism. A further argument is that since our everyday relationship with photography has changed in the last few years due to the saturation of mobile phones and surveilling cameras, contemporary lens-based practice needs to reflect new conditions of presentness, performativity and operator-less affect. These conditions have changed our understanding of the medium and our way of being in the world. My use of selfsurveillance and screens during performances models our conscious performance of identity in a condition of perpetual present-ness, the centrality of performance documents to contemporary life, and the possibility of experiencing affect from surveilling camera footage with its qualities of displacement and objectivity. There are thus multiple differing registers and histories to this work: the gendered nature of textiles and its feminist roles; art’s sticky relationship with capitalism; the ongoing feminist project to achieve equity and agency under capitalism both in and out of the art world; how camera phones and the internet have made us performers in a perpetual present; finally, how the ‘cool’ gaze of a surveilling lens might paradoxically invoke emotional responses in viewers. These differing strands have emerged as I have sought to analyse how my work might meaningfully and poetically contribute to contemporary life and culture, and advocate ideas I believe important for any culture’s healthy progression. A further dimension to this work is the emotional apprehension of transience, which has long been core to my photographic work and now extends to my performative and textile work. The Japanese concepts mu, ma, mujo and mono no aware are important. Mu and ma speak to consciousness of absence and transience; emptiness that is full of possibility; space or interval that is profound. Mujo speaks to the understanding that everything that is born must die, and mono no aware means consciously to attend to, and/or to take poignant, mournful pleasure in, impermanence. My work is also informed by the cinema term temps mort. Translating from the French as ‘dead time’, temps mort refers to the cinematic time before or after action takes place, characters enter the frame or narrative progresses. My final installation plan is to merge live performance with material relics of previous performances and video works created from surveillance documentation of previous performances. In doing so I aim to create spatial and temporal proximity between performed activities and their material residues and documentation, presenting both as interdependent, integrated artworks.

Histories of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century medicine emphasise the rise of professional and scientific authority, and suggest a decline in domestic health initiatives. Exploring the example of weight management in Britain, we argue that domestic agency persisted and that new regimes of measurement and weighing were adapted to personal and familial preferences as they entered the household. Drawing on print sources and objects ranging from prescriptive literature to postcards and ‘personal weighing machines’, the article examines changing practices of self-management as cultural norms initially dictated by ideals of body shape and function gradually incorporated quantified targets. In the twentieth century, the domestic management of health—like the medical management of illness—was increasingly technologised and re-focused on quantitative indicators of ‘normal’ or ‘pathological’ embodiment. We ask: in relation to weight, how did quantification permeate the household, and what did this domestication of bodily surveillance mean to lay users?

Motor vehicles are widely used, quite valuable, and often targeted for theft. Preventive measures include car alarms, proximity control, and physical locks, which can be bypassed if the car is left unlocked, or if the thief obtains the keys. Reactive strategies like cameras, motion detectors, human patrolling, and GPS tracking can monitor a vehicle, but may not detect car thefts in a timely manner. We propose a fast automatic driver recognition system that identifies unauthorized drivers while overcoming the drawbacks of previous approaches. We factor drivers' trips into elemental driving events, from which we extract their driving preference features that cannot be exactly reproduced by a thief driving away in the stolen car. We performed real world evaluation using the driving data collected from 31 volunteers. Experiment results show we can distinguish the current driver as the owner with 97% accuracy, while preventing impersonation 91% of the time.

DOE G 413.3-10A, Section 3.a states: “The Contractor has primary responsibility for implementing and maintaining a surveillance program to ensure continued compliance of the system with ANSI/EIA-748B. DOE O 413.3B requires the FPD to ensure the contractor conducts a Self-Surveillance annually. This annual Self-Surveillance,…should cover all 32 guidelines of the ANSI/EIA748B. Documentation of the Self-Surveillance is sent to the CO and the PMSO (copy to OECM) confirming the continued compliance of their EVMS ANSI/EIA748B...” This review, and the associated report, is deemed to satisfy this requirement.

Although no study has definitively shown that unfocused screening of skin cancer is effective, many campaigns have been organized with the aim of increasing awareness on melanoma risk factors. The objective of this study was to analyse the results of the Skin Cancer Screening Day in Italy during the period 2005-2007, to determine the priorities for melanoma control plans in a Mediterranean country. A total of 5002 patients were screened by dermatologists in 31 cities. Individuals who considered themselves to have many naevi and those with a family history of melanoma showed a higher number of common and atypical naevi. Ten melanomas, 20 basal cell carcinomas and two squamous cell carcinomas were histopathologically confirmed. Our observations provide the following suggestions for melanoma prevention strategies: (a) an unfocused campaign is suitable to inform the public about the importance of self-examination of the skin, but is not useful to identify a larger number of melanomas; and (b) melanoma screening campaigns should focus on a selected population, which meets rigorous risk criteria to maintain higher cost-effectiveness. The financial support to effective melanoma screening programmes could be increased, especially in southern populations where lower levels of self-surveillance and socioeconomic conditions represent risk factors for late identification of melanoma.

It has become cliche to observe that new information technologies endanger privacy. Typically, the threat is viewed as coming from Big Brother (the government) or Company Man (the firm). But for a nascent data practice we call "self-surveillance," the threat may actually come from ourselves. Using various existing and emerging technologies, such as GPS-enabled smartphones, we are beginning to measure ourselves in granular detail - how long we sleep, where we drive, what we breathe, what we eat, how we spend our time. And we are storing these data casually, perhaps promiscuously, somewhere in the "cloud," and giving third-parties broad access. This data practice of self-surveillance will decrease information privacy in troubling ways. To counter this trend, we recommend the creation of the Privacy Data Guardian, a new profession that manages Privacy Data Vaults, which are repositories for self-surveillance data. In Part I, we describe the emerging data practice of self-surveillance, which has been enabled by various new measurement and communication technologies. We explain how self-surveillance can produce substantial benefits to both the individual and society, in both intrinsic and instrumental terms. Unfortunately, such benefits may never be achieved without substantial privacy costs. Part II makes threshold clarifications about those privacy costs. It proffers two different metrics by which privacy might be measured and explains why the rise of self-surveillance will entail the net loss of privacy under either metric. We also point out that the problem of self-surveillance (our surveilling us) is, fortunately, more tractable than related privacy problems, such as third-party surveillance of us and our surveillance of third-parties. Having cleared this brush, we turn to our central proposal - the creation of the Personal Data Guardian, a professional whose job it is to maintain a client’s self-surveillance data in a Personal Data Vault. In addition to providing technical specifications of this approach, we outline the specific legal relations, which include a fiduciary relationship, between client and Guardian. In addition, we recommend the creation of an evidentiary privilege, similar to a trade secret privilege, that protects self-surveillance data held by a licensed Guardian. Finally, Part IV answers objections that our solution is implausible or useless. We conclude by pointing out that various legal, technological, and self-regulatory attempts at safeguarding privacy from new digital, interconnected technologies have not been particularly successful. Before self-surveillance becomes a widespread practice, some new innovation is needed. In our view, that innovation is a new "species," the Personal Data Guardian, created through a fusion of law and technology and released into the current information ecosystem.

Jonah Brucker-Cohen va desenvolupar un projecte anomenat Police State , que es un dels diferents treballs artistics que van sortir del projecte Carnivore . Carnivore es una aplicacio basada en el programa de vigilancia de l'FBI que te el mateix nom. L'RSG (Radical Software Group) va crear aquesta versio de Carnivore com a servidor que permetia a la gent connectar-s'hi i disposar de la informacio que hi trobessin per a fer un treball artistic. Jonah Brucker-Cohen va connectar-se al servidor de Carnivore i en va fer servir la informacio per al projecte Police State . Tambe va fer servir una interficie de sortida fisica amb cotxes de policia de joguina teledirigits. Aquests cotxes reben senyals d'un transmissor mitjancant un programa que capta qualsevol tipus d'informacio de Carnivore que tingui a veure amb activitats terroristes com ara explosio o terror. Quan troba aquestes paraules a la xarxa, la informacio s'envia als cotxes de policia com a patro de moviment. Aixi, els cotxes estan controlats per la informacio que s'ha obtingut tafanejant. Els treballs artistics i d'investigacio de Jonah Brucker-Cohen se centren en la connexio d'aparells o objectes fisics a la xarxa, la relacio interpersonal futura en les xarxes i la visualitzacio d'informacio en l'espai. Jonah es investigador, artista i candidat a doctor del Networking and Telecommunications Research Group . Tambe va ser investigador al Human Connectedness Group en el Media Lab Europe i es cofundador de Dublin Art and Technology Association (DATA Group) Entrevistat per Alba Colombo (Berlinale) a Ars Electronica 2002. Text complet (HTML) Vull veure el video de l'entrevista [YouTube - 12 min]

This article explores disciplining effects of current anti-doping surveillance systems on the health consequences of non-elites’ daily behaviors and habits. As they are left out of direct anti-doping testing and enforcement, it is tempting to argue non-elites are unaffected by anti-doping efforts focused on the elite level of their sport. However, it is because they are not subject to anti-doping surveillance systems nor forced to comply with anti-doping regulations that non-elites are implicated within the wider arena of disciplinary power that envelops both elite and non-elite athletes and anti-doping agencies (Foucault 1979). Drawing on data from 28 interviews with non-elite runners I argue these runners do conform to the rules and norms of their sport as far as they understand them, but their knowledge of banned substances is inadequate and many non-elite runners have only a superficial and sometimes incorrect understanding of doping. Many view doping and its associated health risks as a problem only of elite running, as well as a problem limited to only a handful of widely publicized performance enhancing drugs or doping methods. As a result of these misunderstandings non-elite runners are vulnerable to negative health effects of over the counter (OTC) medications and nutritional supplements, which they view as “safe” and part of normal training as a result of the current elite surveillance model of anti-doping. The recent death of a non-elite marathon runner linked to use of the unregulated energy supplement DMAA demonstrates, questionable products are used by runners who may not be fully aware of the risks of use.

Histories of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century medicine emphasise the rise of professional and scientific authority, and suggest a decline in domestic health initiatives. Exploring the example of weight management in Britain, we argue that domestic agency persisted and that new regimes of measurement and weighing were adapted to personal and familial preferences as they entered the household. Drawing on print sources and objects ranging from prescriptive literature to postcards and ‘personal weighing machines’, the article examines changing practices of self-management as cultural norms initially dictated by ideals of body shape and function gradually incorporated quantified targets. In the twentieth century, the domestic management of health—like the medical management of illness—was increasingly technologised and re-focused on quantitative indicators of ‘normal’ or ‘pathological’ embodiment. We ask: in relation to weight, how did quantification permeate the household, and what did this domestication of bodily surveillance mean to lay users?

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