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Copyright of Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae is the property of Uniwerystet Kardynala Stefana Wyznskiege w Warzawie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przestrzeń Urbanistyka Architektura is the property of Cracow University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main aim of the article is to draw attention to research conducted in the perspective of children's studies showing new possibilities of conceptualizing childhood in the space of scientific discourse. What is important for this current of research is to give voice to children and listen to what they have to say about the manifestations of their everyday life. This has been made possible through the use of elements of Alison Clark's mosaic approach, such as free conversations with children, their photographs and drawing projects of the square they dream of. From the conversations with children and the analyses carried out, a "discourse of danger" has emerged which is dominant among teachers, but which children do not perceive as oppression, but rather tend to avoid unwanted behaviour and search for convenient nooks and crannies. The pedagogue's perspective obliges the reader to pay attention to the consequences of the identified discourse, limiting children's opportunities to acquire important motor and social skills, thus reducing their chances of becoming an independent and responsible subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The content of the article is an analysis of two different concepts of children's playgrounds, one of which is a standard urban/pre-school playground, reproduced in countless variations, and the other is an individualised variation of an adventure playground. The criterion of the analysis was the concept of a non-place by Marc Augé and the pedagogical concept of a place by Maria Mendel, Dorota Klus-Stańska, Jolanta Zwiernik. The analysis has identified two types of discourses that characterize adult organizers of children's playgrounds: care discourse and emancipatory discourse. The care discourse is a manifestation of concern for children's safety and it is revealed in the organization of space and delimitation of children's activity in standard playgrounds, which makes it a place for children (non-place in the Augé concept). The emancipatory discourse makes use of the educational advantages offered by adventure playgrounds and by creating the conditions to increase the participation of children in the life of their community now and in the future makes them children's place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]