221 results on '"industrial by-products"'
Search Results
2. Slag from steel production as a versatile fertilizer: Evaluation of ladle furnace slag in sandy soils and hydroponics
- Author
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Qassem, Maryam O., Salim, Mohamed Hamid, Dali, M.-Hidar A., Dumée, Ludovic F., Vega, Lourdes, Kaniyamparambil, Sarath Haridas, Chelaifa, Houda, Amoodi, Nahla Al, and Tardy, Blaise L.
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Utilization of copper slag as fine sand replacement in concrete: a response surface methodology approach
- Author
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Sagar D. Turkane, Sandeep K. Chouksey, Avinash V. Nawale, Ramgopal T. Sahu, Sudhir B. Gayake, and Sachin M. Gunjal
- Subjects
Copper slag ,Response surface method ,Sustainable concrete ,Optimization ,Industrial by-products ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Abstract The utilization of industrial by-products in concrete production has gained significant attention due to its potential environmental and economic benefits. The increasing demand for sustainable construction materials has prompted researchers to explore alternative options that mitigate environmental concerns while maintaining desirable mechanical properties of concrete. This research paper investigates, the feasibility of utilizing copper slag as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete through a systematic experimental study using response surface methodology (RSM). The study encompasses the optimization of concrete mix proportions by considering the varying levels of copper slag content (20%, 30%, and 40%), water-cement ratio (0.35, 0.40, and 0.45), and curing days (7, 14 and 28 days). Through a series of comprehensive laboratory experiments (RSM designed) and statistical analyses, this paper presents developed mathematical models, response surface plots, and contour plots and optimization of dosage of input variables for maximum compressive strength of the concrete. Results revels that curing days having strong influence on performance of compressive strength. The optimization study shows the optimal dosage for maximum performance of compressive strength was copper slag 35.90%, water-cement 0.38 and curing days 27.55 (approx. 28) days, the corresponding maximum compressive strength was 59.29 MPa. The utilization of copper slag as a replacement for fine aggregate in concrete not only addresses the issue of waste disposal but also contributes to resource conservation and reduces the carbon footprint associated with traditional construction practices. more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A Bibliometric Analysis and Review on Applications of Industrial By-Products in Asphalt Mixtures for Sustainable Road Construction.
- Author
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Alnadish, Adham Mohammed, Bangalore Ramu, Madhusudhan, Kasim, Narimah, Alawag, Aawag Mohsen, and Baarimah, Abdullah O.
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC literature ,COPPER slag ,SUSTAINABILITY ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,FOUNDRY sand - Abstract
The growing consumption of natural resources to meet the needs of road construction has become a significant challenge to environmental sustainability. Additionally, the increase in industrial by-products has raised global concerns due to their environmental impacts. The utilization of industrial by-products in asphalt mixtures offers an effective solution for promoting sustainable practices. The objective of this article is to conduct a bibliometric analysis and citation-based review to characterize and analyze the scientific literature on the use of steel slag aggregates, copper slag, phosphorus slag, bottom ash, fly ash, red mud, silica fume, and foundry sand in asphalt mixtures. Another aim is to identify research gaps and propose recommendations for future studies. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software version 1.6.18, focusing on authors, co-authorship, bibliographic coupling, and countries. A total of 909 articles were selected for the bibliometric analysis. The findings indicate that more effort is needed to expand the application of industrial by-products in asphalt mixtures. Furthermore, these by-products should be utilized in different types of asphalt mixtures. The incorporation of industrial by-products into asphalt mixes also requires field validation and further laboratory investigations, particularly concerning aging and moisture resistance. In addition, the effects of chemical reactions involving industrial by-products on the long-term performance of asphalt layers should be evaluated. Finally, this article encourages engineers and researchers to intensify their efforts in utilizing industrial by-products for environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Advancing the Sustainability of Geopolymer Technology through the Development of Rice Husk Ash Based Solid Activators.
- Author
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Panitsa, Olga Andriana, Kioupis, Dimitrios, and Kakali, Glikeria
- Abstract
Rice husk ash (RHA), an agricultural waste byproduct, has already been tested as a component in geopolymeric binders, typically as part of the precursor solid mix, alongside materials like fly ash (FA), slag, and cement. This study presents a novel approach where RHA is employed to create a solid activator, aimed at entirely replacing commercial sodium silicates. The synthesis process involves mixing RHA, NaOH (NH), and water by applying a SiO
2 /Na2 O molar ratio equal to 1, followed by mild thermal treatment at 150 °C for 1 h, resulting in the production of a solid powder characterized by high Na2 SiO3 content (60–76%). Additionally, microwave treatment (SiO2 /Na2 O = 1, 460 W for 5 min) increases the environmental and economical sustainability of alkali silicates production from RHA since this processing is 12 times faster than conventional thermal treatment reducing at the same time the final product's embodied energy. The efficacy of this new material as a sole solid activator for the geopolymerization of Greek FA is investigated through various techniques (XRD, FTIR, SEM). One-part geopolymers prepared with RHA-based solid activators demonstrated mechanical performance comparable to those prepared with commercial products (~62 MPa at 7 days). This research contributes to the advancement of sustainable construction practices emphasizing the importance of local materials and reduced environmental impact in achieving long-term sustainability goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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6. Monitoring dynamics of biocrust rehabilitation in acid-saturated desert soils.
- Author
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Kerem, T., Nejidat, A., and Zaady, E.
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CRUST vegetation ,PHOSPHATE fertilizers ,INDUSTRIAL contamination ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,DESERT soils - Abstract
The study explores the aftermath of a wastewater reservoir failure in a phosphate fertilizer industry, resulting in the release of acidic water containing phosphorus and sulfate compounds into the Ashalim stream's Nature Reserve in the Judean desert, which affected the soil surface biological crusts (biocrusts) layer. The study aims to examine contamination effects on biocrusts over 3 years at two research sites along the stream, compare effects between contaminated sites, assess rehabilitation treatments, and examine their impact on soil characteristics. Hypotheses suggest significant damage to biocrusts due to acidic water flow, requiring human intervention for accelerated restoration. The results indicate adverse effects on biocrust properties, risking its key role in the desert ecosystem. The biocrust layer covering the stream's ground surface suffered significant physical, chemical, and biological damage due to exposure to industrial process effluents. However, soil enrichment treatments, including biocrust components and organic material, show promising effects on biocrust recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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7. Production, characterization and performance of green geopolymer modified with industrial by-products
- Author
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Ramadan Abbas, M. A. Abdelzaher, Nabila Shehata, and M. A. Tantawy
- Subjects
Industrial by-products ,Metakaolin geopolymer ,Physico-mechanical characteristics and microstructure ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Industrial by-products; have received a lot of attention as a possible precursor for cement and/or concrete production for a more environmentally and economically sound use of raw materials and energy sources. Geopolymer is a potentially useful porous material for OPC binder applications. The use of industrial wastes to produce a greener geopolymer is one area of fascinating research. In this work, geopolymer pastes were developed using alkali liquid as an activator and metakaolin (MK), alumina powder (AP), silica fume (SF), and cement kin dust (CKD) as industrial by-products. Several geopolymer samples have been developed. Research has been carried out on its processing and related physical and mechanical properties through deep microstructure investigation. The samples were cured in water by immersion with relative humidity (95 ± 5%), and at room temperature (~ 19–23 °C) prior to being tested for its workability and durability. The effect of the different composition of precursors on water absorption, density, porosity, and the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymers have been investigated. The results showed that the compressive strength of geopolymers at 28 days of curing is directly proportional to the ratio of the alkali liquid. Ultimately, the best geopolymer paste mixture (GPD1 and GPD2), was confirmed to contain (15% of CKD + 85% MK and Alumina solution (55 wt%)) and (25% of CKD + 75% MK + Alumina solution (55 wt%)) respectively, with 73% desirability for maximum water absorption (~ 44%) and compressive strength (4.9 MPa). more...
- Published
- 2024
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8. Lanthanum-Modified Phosphogypsum Red Mud Composite for the Co-Adsorption of Cadmium and Arsenic: Mechanism Study and Soil Remediation.
- Author
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Shang, Chengmei, Geng, Zhixi, Sun, Yuanyuan, Che, Dongxue, Zhao, Qingjiao, Chen, Ting, Tang, Ming, and Huo, Lijuan
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SOIL remediation ,ARSENIC ,PHOSPHOGYPSUM ,HEAVY metals ,TILLAGE ,CADMIUM ,MUD - Abstract
With the development of industrial activities and the agricultural and mining industries, farmland soils are facing serious problems related to heavy metal contamination, especially cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) contamination. In this study, two industrial by-products, phosphogypsum (PG) and red mud (RM), were modified by lanthanum (La) impregnation to form a new composite (L-PR) to investigate the adsorption performance of Cd(II)/As(V) in both single and binary systems. The adsorption mechanisms of Cd(II)/As(V) on L-PR were analyzed using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS. The passivation effect of L-PR on the Cd-As composite contaminated soil was confirmed through a soil cultivation experiment. The adsorption experiments revealed that L-PR showed superior adsorption capabilities for Cd(II) and As(V) compared to PG and RM. Additionally, L-PR was found to be less affected by changes in pH. The kinetic studies indicated that Cd(II) and As(V) adsorption by L-PR followed the second-order kinetic model most accurately. Isothermal adsorption experiments revealed that the adsorption of Cd(II) by L-PR was more in accordance with the Freundlich model, while As(V) was more in accordance with the Langmuir model. The mechanisms of Cd(II) and As(V) adsorption on L-PR involved electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, complexation, and precipitation. The adsorption of Cd(II) is dominated by complexation and precipitation, and the adsorption of As(V) is dominated by ion exchange and complexation. Soil cultivation experiments showed that L-PR significantly reduced the available Cd and As concentrations in soil by 86.01% and 27.80%, respectively, and it could induce the transformation of non-stable Cd(II)/As(V) to the more stable residual. In summary, L-PR exhibits facile preparation, excellent adsorption performance, and is capable of simultaneously removing Cd(II) and As(V) from aqueous solutions while immobilizing these contaminants in soil. These remarkable attributes made it a highly promising alternative for the simultaneous treatment of various toxic metal contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Production, characterization and performance of green geopolymer modified with industrial by-products.
- Author
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Abbas, Ramadan, Abdelzaher, M. A., Shehata, Nabila, and Tantawy, M. A.
- Subjects
POROUS materials ,WATER immersion ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,RAW materials ,COMPRESSIVE strength ,POLYMER-impregnated concrete ,PASTE - Abstract
Industrial by-products; have received a lot of attention as a possible precursor for cement and/or concrete production for a more environmentally and economically sound use of raw materials and energy sources. Geopolymer is a potentially useful porous material for OPC binder applications. The use of industrial wastes to produce a greener geopolymer is one area of fascinating research. In this work, geopolymer pastes were developed using alkali liquid as an activator and metakaolin (MK), alumina powder (AP), silica fume (SF), and cement kin dust (CKD) as industrial by-products. Several geopolymer samples have been developed. Research has been carried out on its processing and related physical and mechanical properties through deep microstructure investigation. The samples were cured in water by immersion with relative humidity (95 ± 5%), and at room temperature (~ 19–23 °C) prior to being tested for its workability and durability. The effect of the different composition of precursors on water absorption, density, porosity, and the compressive strength of the prepared geopolymers have been investigated. The results showed that the compressive strength of geopolymers at 28 days of curing is directly proportional to the ratio of the alkali liquid. Ultimately, the best geopolymer paste mixture (GPD1 and GPD2), was confirmed to contain (15% of CKD + 85% MK and Alumina solution (55 wt%)) and (25% of CKD + 75% MK + Alumina solution (55 wt%)) respectively, with 73% desirability for maximum water absorption (~ 44%) and compressive strength (4.9 MPa). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. A Bibliometric Analysis and Review on Applications of Industrial By-Products in Asphalt Mixtures for Sustainable Road Construction
- Author
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Adham Mohammed Alnadish, Madhusudhan Bangalore Ramu, Narimah Kasim, Aawag Mohsen Alawag, and Abdullah O. Baarimah
- Subjects
asphalt ,industrial by-products ,bibliometric analysis ,steel slag ,copper slag ,silica fume ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
The growing consumption of natural resources to meet the needs of road construction has become a significant challenge to environmental sustainability. Additionally, the increase in industrial by-products has raised global concerns due to their environmental impacts. The utilization of industrial by-products in asphalt mixtures offers an effective solution for promoting sustainable practices. The objective of this article is to conduct a bibliometric analysis and citation-based review to characterize and analyze the scientific literature on the use of steel slag aggregates, copper slag, phosphorus slag, bottom ash, fly ash, red mud, silica fume, and foundry sand in asphalt mixtures. Another aim is to identify research gaps and propose recommendations for future studies. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software version 1.6.18, focusing on authors, co-authorship, bibliographic coupling, and countries. A total of 909 articles were selected for the bibliometric analysis. The findings indicate that more effort is needed to expand the application of industrial by-products in asphalt mixtures. Furthermore, these by-products should be utilized in different types of asphalt mixtures. The incorporation of industrial by-products into asphalt mixes also requires field validation and further laboratory investigations, particularly concerning aging and moisture resistance. In addition, the effects of chemical reactions involving industrial by-products on the long-term performance of asphalt layers should be evaluated. Finally, this article encourages engineers and researchers to intensify their efforts in utilizing industrial by-products for environmental sustainability. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Advancements and environmental considerations in portland cement-based radiation shielding concrete: Materials, properties, and applications in nuclear power plants– review
- Author
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Balamurali Kanagaraj, N. Anand, Samuvel Raj, and Eva Lubloy
- Subjects
Radiation shielding concrete ,heavyweight aggregates ,Waste materials ,Nanomaterials ,Radiation exposure ,Industrial by-products ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 - Abstract
Radiation Shielding Concrete plays a critical role in safeguarding against ionizing radiation, in nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and other radiation-sensitive environments. This review paper presents a comprehensive examination of radiation shielding concrete development, highlighting a novel approach that incorporates a diverse range of natural and industrial materials. Traditional radiation shielding concrete formulations rely heavily on virgin materials, contributing to environmental degradation and resource depletion. In contrast, this paper explores the innovative use of natural materials, industrial by-products, and waste materials, emphasizing the environmental sustainability and resource efficiency of such approaches. By harnessing these alternative materials, the paper outlines how radiation shielding concrete production can significantly reduce its ecological footprint while maintaining or even enhancing its radiation shielding capabilities. The paper delves into the functional aspects, composition variations, and performance characteristics of radiation shielding concrete, providing a holistic perspective on the diverse materials employed. Additionally, it thoroughly examines the factors influencing the effectiveness of radiation shielding concrete in nuclear power plants. Furthermore, this review discusses recent developments and advancements in radiation shielding concrete, offering insights into the cutting-edge research and innovations that are shaping the future of radiation shielding. The integration of natural and industrial materials presents promising avenues for enhancing the versatility, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of radiation shielding concrete. more...
- Published
- 2024
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12. Characterization of a Coal Shale from Marcel Mining as Raw Material for Geopolymer Manufacturing †.
- Author
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Korniejenko, Kinga, Figiela, Beata, Pławecka, Kinga, Bulut, Alperen, Şahin, Baran, Azizağaoğlu, Göksu, and Łach, Michał
- Subjects
AGING ,MORTAR ,SILICON oxide ,HEAT treatment of milk ,HUMIDITY - Abstract
Implementing the idea of a circular economy is one way to reduce carbon emissions and, at the same time, the consumption of natural resources. The use of mining waste as a raw material helps meet the growing demand for construction materials with a smaller carbon footprint. The article shows the possibility of using a coal shale from Marcel mining to create new eco-friendly materials, geopolymers. The main aim of the presented research includes characteristics of raw material and synthesis of geopolymers based on mining waste (coal shale from Marcel mining) and next, investigations of the obtained materials. Geopolymer was prepared using a sodium activator plus milled and calcinated precursor materials. In this study, the following research methods were used: particle size analysis, XRD analysis, mechanical properties tests (compressive and bonding strength), and microstructure analysis—scanning electron microscopy. The results show potential for the extraction of waste from the Marcel company to obtain material for advanced applications in the geopolymerization process. The material had a compressive strength of 12.7 MPa and a bending strength of 3.4 MPa, which makes it possible for use in construction applications such as various types of foundations, walls, columns, lintels, terraces, stairs, ceilings, small building elements, and small architecture. The proposed process could be a promising alternative to current methods of managing waste rock, in particular hard coal mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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13. Stabilisation of Soft Clay, Quick Clay and Peat by Industrial By-Products and Biochars.
- Author
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Hov, Solve, Paniagua, Priscilla, Sætre, Christian, Long, Mike, Cornelissen, Gerard, and Ritter, Stefan
- Subjects
PEAT ,CLAY ,CLAY soils ,ECOLOGICAL impact ,CARBON dioxide ,LIME (Minerals) - Abstract
The stabilisation of soft soils using the traditional binders cement and quicklime are known to emit large amounts of carbon dioxide. To reduce this carbon footprint, substitutes such as industrial by-products have been thoroughly tested as viable alternatives for soil stabilisation. However, recent research has also shown that biochar from biomass pyrolysis can in some instances have a positive stabilisation effect and even result in a carbon-negative footprint. This paper presents a laboratory study to investigate the stabilisation effect of five industrial by-products and four types of biochar on three natural Norwegian soils: two clays with low and high water contents and one peat with a very high water content. The soils and binders were characterised by their mineralogical and chemical compositions. The biochars had varying stabilisation effects on the clays when combined with cement, with some negative stabilisation effects, whilst the effect was very beneficial in the peat, with a strength increase of up to 80%. The industrial by-products showed opposite results, with beneficial effects in the clays and a strength increase of up to 150%, but negative stabilisation effects in the peat. Correlating the mineralogical and chemical compositions to stabilisation effects was found to be challenging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Mechanical Properties and Performance under Laboratory and Field Conditions of a Lightweight Fluorogypsum-Based Blend for Economic Artificial-Reef Construction
- Author
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Bigdeli, Y, Barbato, M, Lofton, CD, Gutierrez-Wing, MT, and Rusch, KA
- Subjects
Industrial by-products ,Beneficial reuse ,Green concrete ,Fluorogypsum ,Fly ash ,Portland cement ,Artificial reef ,Civil Engineering ,Materials Engineering ,Building & Construction - Abstract
This paper investigates the mechanical properties under laboratory and field conditions of a concretelike blend made of fluorogypsum (FG), fly ash, and portland cement for artificial-reef construction, which is referred to as a FG-based blend. The 28-day compressive strength and relative volumetric expansion of the FG-based blend were statistically characterized. After 1 year of immersion in brackish water under field conditions, the compressive strength of the FG-based blend experienced a moderate reduction when compared with material under laboratory conditions but did not degrade below its 28-day value. Visual examination of the immersed specimens indicated that aquatic organisms are attracted to the proposed material. Field investigation of a small artificial-reef structure made of a FG-based blend indicated that sea floor settlement due to the weight of the structure was small. A preliminary cost analysis comparing the cost of artificial reefs constructed with different materials suggests that the proposed FG-based blend is a promising environment-friendly economic material for artificial-reef construction. more...
- Published
- 2020
15. Analysis of Specific Greenhouse Gas Emissions Savings from Biogas Production Based on Agricultural Residues and Industrial By-Products.
- Author
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Kodba, Ana, Pukšec, Tomislav, and Duić, Neven
- Subjects
- *
GREENHOUSE gases , *GREENHOUSE gas analysis , *BIOGAS production , *AGRICULTURAL productivity , *GREENHOUSE gas mitigation , *AGRICULTURAL wastes , *ALTERNATIVE fuels - Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse specific greenhouse gas emissions savings for a variety of agricultural residues, industrial by-products, and municipal biowaste. One of the most viable alternatives to fossil fuels is bioenergy, particularly biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of renewable feedstocks. The revised Renewable Energy Directive (D 2018/2001) recognizes that biogas production from agricultural residues, livestock production, and industrial by-products is an acknowledged greenhouse gas mitigation technology in cases where their use results in a certain level of specific greenhouse gas savings. This study delivered values for the maximum transport distance of agricultural residues and industrial by-products to achieve the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions-saving requirement defined by Directive 2018/2001. It analysed the greenhouse gas emissions reduction for numerous feedstocks for which Directive 2018/2001 has not defined the default and typical values but which could be used as sustainable substitutes for currently dominantly used maize silage in biogas production. The results obtained in this work define the maximum transport and distribution distance for which biogas produced from considered feedstocks achieved required specific greenhouse gas emissions savings (80%), compared with fossil fuel comparator. The obtained results can be used as the constraints in the optimisation of the biomass supply chains for the feedstocks considered in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Lanthanum-Modified Phosphogypsum Red Mud Composite for the Co-Adsorption of Cadmium and Arsenic: Mechanism Study and Soil Remediation
- Author
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Chengmei Shang, Zhixi Geng, Yuanyuan Sun, Dongxue Che, Qingjiao Zhao, Ting Chen, Ming Tang, and Lijuan Huo
- Subjects
industrial by-products ,lanthanum ,cadmium ,arsenic ,adsorption ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
With the development of industrial activities and the agricultural and mining industries, farmland soils are facing serious problems related to heavy metal contamination, especially cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) contamination. In this study, two industrial by-products, phosphogypsum (PG) and red mud (RM), were modified by lanthanum (La) impregnation to form a new composite (L-PR) to investigate the adsorption performance of Cd(II)/As(V) in both single and binary systems. The adsorption mechanisms of Cd(II)/As(V) on L-PR were analyzed using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS. The passivation effect of L-PR on the Cd-As composite contaminated soil was confirmed through a soil cultivation experiment. The adsorption experiments revealed that L-PR showed superior adsorption capabilities for Cd(II) and As(V) compared to PG and RM. Additionally, L-PR was found to be less affected by changes in pH. The kinetic studies indicated that Cd(II) and As(V) adsorption by L-PR followed the second-order kinetic model most accurately. Isothermal adsorption experiments revealed that the adsorption of Cd(II) by L-PR was more in accordance with the Freundlich model, while As(V) was more in accordance with the Langmuir model. The mechanisms of Cd(II) and As(V) adsorption on L-PR involved electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, complexation, and precipitation. The adsorption of Cd(II) is dominated by complexation and precipitation, and the adsorption of As(V) is dominated by ion exchange and complexation. Soil cultivation experiments showed that L-PR significantly reduced the available Cd and As concentrations in soil by 86.01% and 27.80%, respectively, and it could induce the transformation of non-stable Cd(II)/As(V) to the more stable residual. In summary, L-PR exhibits facile preparation, excellent adsorption performance, and is capable of simultaneously removing Cd(II) and As(V) from aqueous solutions while immobilizing these contaminants in soil. These remarkable attributes made it a highly promising alternative for the simultaneous treatment of various toxic metal contaminants. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Design Procedures for Sustainable Structural Concretes Using Wastes and Industrial By-Products.
- Author
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Neves, Ana, Almeida, João, Cruz, Fábio, Miranda, Tiago, Cunha, Vítor M. C. F., Rodrigues, Mafalda, Costa, José, and Pereira, Eduardo B.
- Subjects
REINFORCED concrete ,CONCRETE waste ,FLY ash ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,FIBER-reinforced concrete ,SUSTAINABLE design ,CONSTRUCTION materials - Abstract
The protection of the environment must be a priority in our society, and the construction sector can contribute significantly to this goal. Construction, being one of the industrial sectors that is more demanding in terms of raw materials, must reinforce its effort to implement, in a more profound and systematic way, the paradigm of the circular economy. In this sense, in recent years several studies have been trying to contribute solutions aimed at reintroducing industrial by-products or residues in new products for the construction industry. It should be noted that nowadays it is increasingly important to introduce a higher percentage of recycled materials in concrete. In this context, the present work addresses the appropriateness of a design procedure proposed to maximize the content of electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) and include recycled tire steel fibers (RTSF) in the production of more sustainable structural concretes. For this, the properties of various concrete mixtures at the fresh and hardened state, obtained by the substantial substitution of coarse and fine natural aggregates by EAFS and fly ash (FA), were investigated. The design of EAFS mixtures was based on two conventional reference mixtures (REF1 and REF2), and by using the modified Andreasen and Andersen particle packing model, these were optimized to achieve maximum packing density. Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity behavior, and fresh and physical properties were assessed in order to define the best mix proportions with respect to the predefined requirements of ordinary mixtures. Untreated recycled tire steel fibers (RTSF) were included in the developed sustainable concrete to perform a comparison of the physical properties with unreinforced concretes developed with natural aggregates (REF2) and with EAFS aggregates (EAFS8D1). This incorporation was intended to improve the physical behavior of unreinforced concretes with EAFS aggregates. Mixtures with high percentages of waste aggregates up to 70% (in weight), and 10% (in weight) of FA were obtained, showing competitive mechanical behavior compared to REF1 and REF2. These concrete compositions showed minimum and maximum compressive strengths between 9 MPa and 37 MPa, respectively. This study coverd the two major classes of concrete used as structural material, namely structural concrete and fiber reinforced concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. High-Gravity Fermentation for Bioethanol Production from Industrial Spent Black Cherry Brine Supplemented with Whey.
- Author
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Gómez Cardozo, Javier Ricardo, Beigbeder, Jean-Baptiste, Dantas, Julia Maria de Madeiros, and Lavoie, Jean-Michel
- Subjects
ETHANOL as fuel ,WHEY ,SALT ,FERMENTATION ,UREA ,CHERRIES ,SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae - Abstract
By-products from different industries could represent an available source of carbon and nitrogen which could be used for bioethanol production using conventional Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Spent cherry brine and whey are acid food by-products which have a high organic matter content and toxic compounds, and their discharges represent significant environmental and economic challenges. In this study, different combinations of urea, yeast concentrations, and whey as a nutrient source were tested for bioethanol production scale-up using 96-well microplates as well as 7.5 L to 100 L bioreactors. For bioethanol production in vials, the addition of urea allowed increasing the bioethanol yield by about 10%. Bioethanol production in the 7.5 L and 100 L bioreactors was 73.2 g·L
−1 and 103.5 g·L−1 with a sugar consumption of 81.5% and 94.8%, respectively, using spent cherry brine diluted into whey (200 g·L−1 of total sugars) supplemented with 0.5 g·L−1 urea and 0.5 g·L−1 yeast at 30 °C and a pH of 5.0 after 96 h of fermentation for both systems. The results allow these by-products to be considered low-economic-value alternatives for fuel- or food-grade bioethanol production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Studies on Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete.
- Author
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Deepthi, Yerramsetty, Ambily, Parukutty Sanker, and Raoc, Hanchate Sudarsana
- Subjects
CONCRETE ,MECHANICAL behavior of materials ,WASTE products ,PORTLAND cement ,MASS production - Abstract
The studies on Lightweight Geopolymer concrete (LGC) are leading-edge in the development of sustainable and eco-friendly concrete. Attempts were being made to develop LGC by various methods of production. This paper reviews about previously published research work on lightweight geopolymer concrete and the observations to the material binders - an alternate to the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by the utilization of industrial by-products, alkaline activator solution, foaming agents, chemical expansive agents, lightweight aggregate, production methods, and their physical and mechanical properties. The main focus is to investigate pore size formation, density, compressive strength and curing conditions. From the review it is found that the stabilization of foam and the control of efflorescence are the two challenging problems faced by the industry for the mass production of lightweight geopolymer foam concrete. Furthermore, topics for future work in this field were suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Administration of spruce bark (Picea abies) extracts in young lambs exhibits anticoccidial effects but reduces milk intake and body weight gain
- Author
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Berit Marie Blomstrand, Heidi Larsen Enemark, Håvard Steinshamn, Inga Marie Aasen, Juni Rosann Engelien Johanssen, Spiridoula Athanasiadou, Stig Milan Thamsborg, and Kristin Marie Sørheim
- Subjects
Coccidia ,Coccidiocide ,Eimeria ,Industrial by-products ,Sheep ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Eimeria spp. are widespread apicomplexan parasites known to cause coccidiosis in livestock, resulting in reduced animal welfare and productivity, particularly in sheep. The treatment options are limited, and there is an emerging development of resistance against registered pharmaceuticals. Spruce bark is rich in plant secondary metabolites (PSM), such as condensed tannins, which are bioactive compounds previously shown to have antiparasitic activity. Here, we examined the anticoccidial properties of bark extract of Norway spruce (Picea abies) against a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp. by treating Eimeria-infected pre-ruminant lambs with water-extracted bark daily for 12 days. We hypothesised that the bark extract would reduce the faecal oocyst excretion and, consequently, the severity of diarrhoea. Results Oral administration of spruce bark extract significantly reduced the excretion of Eimeria oocysts in milk-fed lambs post treatment till the end of the trial 22 days post infection. This difference in oocyst excretion between the treated and the untreated infected animals increased with time. Compared to the untreated and the sham-infected control group, the group treated with bark extract had softer faeces and reduced milk intake during the treatment period. After discontinuing the treatment, the treated animals got a more solid and formed faeces compared to that of the untreated control group, and the milk intake increased to the level of the sham-infected, untreated control group. The bark extract treated animals had a lower body weight and a lower mean daily body weight gain throughout the whole duration of the experiment. Conclusions Bark extract from Norway spruce showed marked anticoccidial properties by reducing the faecal oocyst count and associated diarrhoea in young lambs. Simultaneously we experienced detrimental effects of the treatment, displayed as reduced feed intake and daily body weight gain. Therefore, we suggest conducting similar studies with lower bark extract dosage to explore the possibilities of a better trade-off to reduce the negative impact while maintaining the antiparasitic effect. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mechanical Behaviour of Steel Slag–Rubber Mixtures: Laboratory Assessment.
- Author
-
Alves, Rubens, Rios, Sara, Fortunato, Eduardo, Viana da Fonseca, António, and Guimarães Delgado, Bruno
- Abstract
Slags and rubber from end-of-life tires represent a liability to the steel and tire industry, causing economic and environmental problems that are difficult to manage. Transport infrastructures can use these industrial by-products instead of extracting natural raw materials, but the adequate mechanical performance of the materials needs to be assured. This paper addresses the mechanical behaviour of slag–rubber mixtures in the laboratory with CBR, monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests. In addition, light falling weight deflectometer tests were also performed in a physical model. The results were analysed to meet technical specifications from Brazil, Portugal and Australia using railway sub-ballast layers, capping layers or road pavement layers as the base and sub-base to identify the applicability range of slag–rubber mixtures for transport infrastructures. Concerning the analysed parameters, it was demonstrated that slag–rubber mixtures can show resilient behaviour and strength adequate for the support layers of transport infrastructures provided that the rubber content is below 5% in weight and that the slag is milled to comply with the grain size distribution ranges available in the technical specifications of the cited countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Production of Protein Concentrates from Macauba (Acrocomia aculeata and Acrocomia totai) Kernels by Sieve Fractionation.
- Author
-
Toledo e Silva, Sérgio Henrique, Silva, Lidiane Bataglia, Eisner, Peter, and Bader-Mittermaier, Stephanie
- Subjects
SIEVES ,SOLVENT extraction ,PROTEINS ,HYDRAULIC presses ,PROTEIN content of food ,FRUIT composition - Abstract
Macauba palm fruits (Acrocomia aculeata and Acrocomia totai) are emerging as sources of high-quality oils from their pulp and kernels. The protein-rich macauba kernel meal (MKM) left after oil extraction remains undervalued, mainly due to the lack of suitable deoiling parameters and integrated protein recovery methods. Therefore, the present study aimed to produce protein concentrates from MKM using sieve fractionation. The deoiling parameters, comprising pressing, milling, and solvent extraction, were improved in terms of MKM functionality. The combination of hydraulic pressing, milling to 1 mm, and the hexane extraction of A. aculeata kernels resulted in MKM with the highest protein solubility (77.1%), emulsifying activity index (181 m
2 /g protein), and emulsion stability (149 min). After sieve fractionation (cut size of 62 µm), this meal yielded a protein concentrate with a protein content of 65.6%, representing a 74.1% protein enrichment compared to the initial MKM. This protein concentrate showed a reduced gelling concentration from 8 to 6%, and an increased emulsion stability from 149 to 345 min, in comparison to the MKM before sieving. Therefore, sieve fractionation after improved deoiling allows for the simple, cheap, and environmentally friendly recovery of MKM proteins, highlighting the potential of macauba kernels as a new source of protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. 3D-Printable Materials Made with Industrial By-Products: Formulation, Fresh and Hardened Properties.
- Author
-
D'Haese, Romain, Carpentier, Olivier, Dubois, Vincent, Chafei, Sawsen, and Wirquin, Eric
- Abstract
Growing in the field of construction, 3D printing allows to build non-standard shapes and to optimise the use of resources. The development of printable materials requires good control of the fresh state of the material—between mixing and printing, a printable material has to evolve from fluid matter to be pumpable (extrudability) up to a matter supporting its own weight and those of superior layers (buildability). Our researches are focused on printable materials used in large printers, i.e., printers able to build structural pieces for buildings. As many pumps and printers can be used to achieve a wide range of parts, this paper presents a simple method to provide valuable guidance to users when a decision needs to be made about printable materials. In this context, our researches both try to maximise the use of industrial by-products to reduce the environmental cost of printed material and to propose tests easy to carry out in the field. Consequently, on the one hand, some printable materials that mainly include quarry washing fines have been developed and, on the other hand, Fall cone and Vicat tests have been used to determine the printability limit. By not focusing on a single formula, the novelty of this paper is to present to readers some parametric models, i.e., a methodology that can be used according to their own devices and applications. Based on a design of experiments, 20 formulas have been tested. Parameters that influence the quality of printing are highlighted. Mechanical tests results at hardened state and shrinkage measurements are also shown to demonstrate the ability of some formulas to be structural materials: compressive strengths at 28 days between 7.50 MPa and 18.40 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Influence of the composition of nutrient media on the productivity and biological activity of the strain of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana
- Author
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I. E. Sharapova
- Subjects
cultivation ,industrial by-products ,productivity ,nematicidal activity ,Agriculture - Abstract
The productivity and biological activity of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (F-145) strain during the liquid-phase cultivation on various substrates for developing a biopesticide in its native form was analyzed (the research was carried out in 2019). For submerged cultivation, by-products from dairy and beer production (milk whey and brewing spent grain liquor) were used as components of the nutrient medium with addition of diesel fuel (DF) and Tween-80 as inducers of biological activity. It has been established, that the productivity of the strain on industrial by-product substrates was 1.5-2 times higher than on the Czapek medium. A high yield of a mycelial biomass with a titer of 108 -1010 CFU/ml was shown in a 5-day suspension based on a mixture of milk whey and brewing spent grain liquor. The biological activity of the culture suspension of the strain was determined. It was shown that the nematicidal activity of Beauveria bassiana strain with regard to nematodes of the Rhabditis sp. was largely manifested in a suspension obtained on a mixed medium with the addition of inducers. Ninety per cent death at mobile nematode stages was registered within one or two days of test-organism incubation. A complex nutrient medium composition containing by-products and inducers contributed to the preservation of the biological activity of the strain. The strain nematicidal activity was established at the level of 67-80 per cent with a titer of 106 -107 CFU/ml when the suspension was stored for 67 days. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Geopolymers as Alternative Sustainable Binders for Stabilisation of Clays—A Review
- Author
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Jeremiah J. Jeremiah, Samuel J. Abbey, Colin A. Booth, and Anil Kashyap
- Subjects
geopolymers ,alkaline activator ,industrial by-products ,stabilisation ,subgrade materials ,subbase materials ,Dynamic and structural geology ,QE500-639.5 - Abstract
The need to transit to greener options in soil stabilisation has revamped research on the use of industrial and agricultural by-products in order to cut down on the current carbon footprint from the use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and lime related binders for the treatment of problematic soils. This study is a review on the use of geopolymers constituted by alkali activation of several industrial wastes such as pulverised fuel ash (PFA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), metakaolin (MK), glass powder (GP), palm oil fuel ash (POFA), silica fume (SF), rice husk ash (RHA), volcanic ash (VA), and marble powder (MP) for the stabilisation of weak clays. The performance of stabilised clays as subgrade and subbase materials for road pavement construction was evaluated by comparing the 7 day UCS of the treated clays with the strength requirement for stabilised materials as outlined in BS EN 16907-4. The result of the study shows that geopolymers can be employed in improving the engineering properties of problematic clays to meet practical applications. Strength improvement was observed in the stabilised clays with increased precursor content, molarity of alkaline activator, and curing period. more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Stabilisation of Soft Clay, Quick Clay and Peat by Industrial By-Products and Biochars
- Author
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Solve Hov, Priscilla Paniagua, Christian Sætre, Mike Long, Gerard Cornelissen, and Stefan Ritter
- Subjects
soil stabilisation ,clay ,peat ,industrial by-products ,biochar ,shear strength ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The stabilisation of soft soils using the traditional binders cement and quicklime are known to emit large amounts of carbon dioxide. To reduce this carbon footprint, substitutes such as industrial by-products have been thoroughly tested as viable alternatives for soil stabilisation. However, recent research has also shown that biochar from biomass pyrolysis can in some instances have a positive stabilisation effect and even result in a carbon-negative footprint. This paper presents a laboratory study to investigate the stabilisation effect of five industrial by-products and four types of biochar on three natural Norwegian soils: two clays with low and high water contents and one peat with a very high water content. The soils and binders were characterised by their mineralogical and chemical compositions. The biochars had varying stabilisation effects on the clays when combined with cement, with some negative stabilisation effects, whilst the effect was very beneficial in the peat, with a strength increase of up to 80%. The industrial by-products showed opposite results, with beneficial effects in the clays and a strength increase of up to 150%, but negative stabilisation effects in the peat. Correlating the mineralogical and chemical compositions to stabilisation effects was found to be challenging. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Ternary Blends for Self-Compacting Mortars Production Composed by Electric Arc Furnace Dust and Other Industrial by-Products.
- Author
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López-Uceda, Antonio, Cantador-Fernández, David, Da Silva, Pedro Raposeiro, de Brito, Jorge, Fernández-Rodríguez, José María, and Jiménez, José Ramón
- Subjects
- *
ARC furnaces , *ELECTRIC arc , *ELECTRIC furnaces , *MORTAR , *FLY ash , *DUST , *COAL-fired power plants - Abstract
This study is framed within the circular economy model through the valorisation of industrial by-products. This research shows the results of producing self-compacting mortars (SCMs) with electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) and other industrial by-products such as fly ash, conforming (FA) or not conforming (NcFA), from coal-fired power plants, or recovery filler (RF) from hot-mix asphalt plants. Three batches of SCMs, each with one industrial-by product (FA, NcFA, or RF), and three levels of EAFD ratio incorporation (0%, 10%, 20%), were tested. An extra batch with a greater amount of FA was manufactured. When the incorporation ratio of EAFD rose, the mechanical strength decreased, due to the presence of a calcium zinc hydroxide dihydrate phase; nevertheless, this decrease diminished over time. All SCM mixes, except the 40C 40FA 20 EAFD mix, were above 20 MPa at 28 days. All mixes named 70C and 40C reached 40 and 30 MPa, respectively, at 90 days. Mixes with EAFD showed less capillarity and no difference in water absorption by immersion with respect to mixes without EAFD after 91 days. The SCMs designed proved to be stable in terms of leaching of the heavy metals contained in EAFD, where all the hardened SCMs were classified as inert. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Sustainable Use of By-Products and Wastes from Greece to Produce Innovative Eco-Friendly Pervious Concrete.
- Author
-
Petrounias, Petros, Giannakopoulou, Panagiota P., Rogkala, Aikaterini, Kalpogiannaki, Maria, Laskaris, Nikolaos, Lampropoulou, Paraskevi, Mouzakis, Panagiotis, Panagiotaras, Dionisios, and Koukouzas, Nikolaos more...
- Subjects
CONSTRUCTION & demolition debris ,HOTEL design & construction ,REFUSE containers ,NATURAL resources ,RAW materials ,LIGHTWEIGHT concrete ,FREEZE-thaw cycles ,ELECTRONIC waste - Abstract
This study was based on the reduction of the extraction of natural resources and, at the same time, was focused on the use of by-products and various wastes in construction applications by following the principles of circular economy. Sterile natural rocks (limestones, basalts), industrial by-products (slags), hotel construction wastes (bathroom wastes) and electronic wastes (e-wastes) were tested for pervious concrete aggregates. For this reason, ten concrete specimens were prepared and tested petrographically, structurally, and physically. The physical properties of the tested raw materials directly depended on their petrographic characteristics and played crucial role for the permeability of the produced concrete specimens, for their mechanical behavior, and for the freeze–thaw test results. Generally, from this study, strong encouraging results were achieved as concrete made by variable wastes and by-products can be compatible for concrete production as they show similar performance both in the mechanical strength test and in the freeze–thaw test with those made by natural aggregates. Another goal of this study was to recommend to other researchers the extended use of by-products, construction wastes, and e-wastes as concrete aggregates for producing eco-friendly constructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Carbonation resistance of blended mortars and industrial by-products: A brief review
- Author
-
Navdeep Singh, Bhawana Sharma, and Manali Rathee
- Subjects
Blended mortar ,Carbonation ,Chemical and physical composition ,Compressive strength ,Industrial by-products ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Carbonation is one of the significant durability properties of cement mortar. Conventional mortar is generally made up of cement and sand, but blended mortar is formed by partial substitution of cement with certain pozzolanic materials. Consumption of industrial-by-products in developing of mortar is a footstep towards economic and sustainable construction and it also results in probable reduction of excessive carbon footprint and simultaneously deals with major environmental problems i.e., safe disposal of industrial by-products, reduction of pollution by dropping the amount of Portland Cement (PC) and lowering the exploitation of natural resources. The studies investigating carbonation resistance of mortar blended with industrial-by-products are uncommon till date. The current literature reviews the carbonation resistance of blended mortar made with incorporation of various industrial by-products (namely- silica fume-SF, fly ash-FA, ground granulated blast furnace slag-GGBS, coal bottom ash-CBA etc.). Out of all industrial by-products blended mortars containing SF exhibit highest carbonation resistance followed by FA, GGBS and CBA. The carbonation depth has been decreased up-to the range of 10% with the incorporation of various industrial mortars. Based on the existing trends, the current area requires more devotion as significant number of investigations has favoured the use of aforesaid by-products as partial replacement of PC in refining carbonation resistance. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Administration of spruce bark (Picea abies) extracts in young lambs exhibits anticoccidial effects but reduces milk intake and body weight gain.
- Author
-
Blomstrand, Berit Marie, Enemark, Heidi Larsen, Steinshamn, Håvard, Aasen, Inga Marie, Johanssen, Juni Rosann Engelien, Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Thamsborg, Stig Milan, and Sørheim, Kristin Marie
- Subjects
WEIGHT gain ,BODY weight ,SILVER fir ,LAMBS ,SPRUCE ,NORWAY spruce ,PLANT metabolites - Abstract
Background: Eimeria spp. are widespread apicomplexan parasites known to cause coccidiosis in livestock, resulting in reduced animal welfare and productivity, particularly in sheep. The treatment options are limited, and there is an emerging development of resistance against registered pharmaceuticals. Spruce bark is rich in plant secondary metabolites (PSM), such as condensed tannins, which are bioactive compounds previously shown to have antiparasitic activity. Here, we examined the anticoccidial properties of bark extract of Norway spruce (Picea abies) against a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp. by treating Eimeria-infected pre-ruminant lambs with water-extracted bark daily for 12 days. We hypothesised that the bark extract would reduce the faecal oocyst excretion and, consequently, the severity of diarrhoea. Results: Oral administration of spruce bark extract significantly reduced the excretion of Eimeria oocysts in milk-fed lambs post treatment till the end of the trial 22 days post infection. This difference in oocyst excretion between the treated and the untreated infected animals increased with time. Compared to the untreated and the sham-infected control group, the group treated with bark extract had softer faeces and reduced milk intake during the treatment period. After discontinuing the treatment, the treated animals got a more solid and formed faeces compared to that of the untreated control group, and the milk intake increased to the level of the sham-infected, untreated control group. The bark extract treated animals had a lower body weight and a lower mean daily body weight gain throughout the whole duration of the experiment. Conclusions: Bark extract from Norway spruce showed marked anticoccidial properties by reducing the faecal oocyst count and associated diarrhoea in young lambs. Simultaneously we experienced detrimental effects of the treatment, displayed as reduced feed intake and daily body weight gain. Therefore, we suggest conducting similar studies with lower bark extract dosage to explore the possibilities of a better trade-off to reduce the negative impact while maintaining the antiparasitic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Assessment of non-hazardous industrial by-products as sustainable materials in engineering applications
- Author
-
Cornelia-Florentina DOBRESCU
- Subjects
industrial by-products ,stabilization process ,geotechnical characteristics ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
The topic of the present study fits into the current internationally-spread approach, focused on efficient solutions for sustainable development, aimed to ensuring the application of a long-term and integrated waste management, in line with the principles of environmental protection and with the concept of circular economy. more...
- Published
- 2020
32. Design Procedures for Sustainable Structural Concretes Using Wastes and Industrial By-Products
- Author
-
Ana Neves, João Almeida, Fábio Cruz, Tiago Miranda, Vítor M. C. F. Cunha, Mafalda Rodrigues, José Costa, and Eduardo B. Pereira
- Subjects
recycled materials ,industrial by-products ,electric arc furnace slag ,fly ash ,recycled tire steel fibers ,particle packing model ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The protection of the environment must be a priority in our society, and the construction sector can contribute significantly to this goal. Construction, being one of the industrial sectors that is more demanding in terms of raw materials, must reinforce its effort to implement, in a more profound and systematic way, the paradigm of the circular economy. In this sense, in recent years several studies have been trying to contribute solutions aimed at reintroducing industrial by-products or residues in new products for the construction industry. It should be noted that nowadays it is increasingly important to introduce a higher percentage of recycled materials in concrete. In this context, the present work addresses the appropriateness of a design procedure proposed to maximize the content of electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) and include recycled tire steel fibers (RTSF) in the production of more sustainable structural concretes. For this, the properties of various concrete mixtures at the fresh and hardened state, obtained by the substantial substitution of coarse and fine natural aggregates by EAFS and fly ash (FA), were investigated. The design of EAFS mixtures was based on two conventional reference mixtures (REF1 and REF2), and by using the modified Andreasen and Andersen particle packing model, these were optimized to achieve maximum packing density. Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity behavior, and fresh and physical properties were assessed in order to define the best mix proportions with respect to the predefined requirements of ordinary mixtures. Untreated recycled tire steel fibers (RTSF) were included in the developed sustainable concrete to perform a comparison of the physical properties with unreinforced concretes developed with natural aggregates (REF2) and with EAFS aggregates (EAFS8D1). This incorporation was intended to improve the physical behavior of unreinforced concretes with EAFS aggregates. Mixtures with high percentages of waste aggregates up to 70% (in weight), and 10% (in weight) of FA were obtained, showing competitive mechanical behavior compared to REF1 and REF2. These concrete compositions showed minimum and maximum compressive strengths between 9 MPa and 37 MPa, respectively. This study coverd the two major classes of concrete used as structural material, namely structural concrete and fiber reinforced concrete. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. High-Gravity Fermentation for Bioethanol Production from Industrial Spent Black Cherry Brine Supplemented with Whey
- Author
-
Javier Ricardo Gómez Cardozo, Jean-Baptiste Beigbeder, Julia Maria de Madeiros Dantas, and Jean-Michel Lavoie
- Subjects
bioethanol ,fermentation ,yeast ,cherry brine ,whey ,industrial by-products ,Fermentation industries. Beverages. Alcohol ,TP500-660 - Abstract
By-products from different industries could represent an available source of carbon and nitrogen which could be used for bioethanol production using conventional Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Spent cherry brine and whey are acid food by-products which have a high organic matter content and toxic compounds, and their discharges represent significant environmental and economic challenges. In this study, different combinations of urea, yeast concentrations, and whey as a nutrient source were tested for bioethanol production scale-up using 96-well microplates as well as 7.5 L to 100 L bioreactors. For bioethanol production in vials, the addition of urea allowed increasing the bioethanol yield by about 10%. Bioethanol production in the 7.5 L and 100 L bioreactors was 73.2 g·L−1 and 103.5 g·L−1 with a sugar consumption of 81.5% and 94.8%, respectively, using spent cherry brine diluted into whey (200 g·L−1 of total sugars) supplemented with 0.5 g·L−1 urea and 0.5 g·L−1 yeast at 30 °C and a pH of 5.0 after 96 h of fermentation for both systems. The results allow these by-products to be considered low-economic-value alternatives for fuel- or food-grade bioethanol production. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Characterization of a Coal Shale from Marcel Mining as Raw Material for Geopolymer Manufacturing
- Author
-
Kinga Korniejenko, Beata Figiela, Kinga Pławecka, Alperen Bulut, Baran Şahin, Göksu Azizağaoğlu, and Michał Łach
- Subjects
geopolymer ,coal shale ,mining waste ,industrial by-products ,circular economy ,Chemical engineering ,TP155-156 - Abstract
Implementing the idea of a circular economy is one way to reduce carbon emissions and, at the same time, the consumption of natural resources. The use of mining waste as a raw material helps meet the growing demand for construction materials with a smaller carbon footprint. The article shows the possibility of using a coal shale from Marcel mining to create new eco-friendly materials, geopolymers. The main aim of the presented research includes characteristics of raw material and synthesis of geopolymers based on mining waste (coal shale from Marcel mining) and next, investigations of the obtained materials. Geopolymer was prepared using a sodium activator plus milled and calcinated precursor materials. In this study, the following research methods were used: particle size analysis, XRD analysis, mechanical properties tests (compressive and bonding strength), and microstructure analysis—scanning electron microscopy. The results show potential for the extraction of waste from the Marcel company to obtain material for advanced applications in the geopolymerization process. The material had a compressive strength of 12.7 MPa and a bending strength of 3.4 MPa, which makes it possible for use in construction applications such as various types of foundations, walls, columns, lintels, terraces, stairs, ceilings, small building elements, and small architecture. The proposed process could be a promising alternative to current methods of managing waste rock, in particular hard coal mining. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Production of Protein Concentrates from Macauba (Acrocomia aculeata and Acrocomia totai) Kernels by Sieve Fractionation
- Author
-
Sérgio Henrique Toledo e Silva, Lidiane Bataglia Silva, Peter Eisner, and Stephanie Bader-Mittermaier
- Subjects
bocaiuva ,oilseed proteins ,dry fractionation ,plant-based ,industrial by-products ,functional ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Macauba palm fruits (Acrocomia aculeata and Acrocomia totai) are emerging as sources of high-quality oils from their pulp and kernels. The protein-rich macauba kernel meal (MKM) left after oil extraction remains undervalued, mainly due to the lack of suitable deoiling parameters and integrated protein recovery methods. Therefore, the present study aimed to produce protein concentrates from MKM using sieve fractionation. The deoiling parameters, comprising pressing, milling, and solvent extraction, were improved in terms of MKM functionality. The combination of hydraulic pressing, milling to 1 mm, and the hexane extraction of A. aculeata kernels resulted in MKM with the highest protein solubility (77.1%), emulsifying activity index (181 m2/g protein), and emulsion stability (149 min). After sieve fractionation (cut size of 62 µm), this meal yielded a protein concentrate with a protein content of 65.6%, representing a 74.1% protein enrichment compared to the initial MKM. This protein concentrate showed a reduced gelling concentration from 8 to 6%, and an increased emulsion stability from 149 to 345 min, in comparison to the MKM before sieving. Therefore, sieve fractionation after improved deoiling allows for the simple, cheap, and environmentally friendly recovery of MKM proteins, highlighting the potential of macauba kernels as a new source of protein. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. An Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete Utilising Micronized Biomass Silica and GGBS.
- Author
-
Vediyappan, Srinivasan, Chinnaraj, Pazhani Kandukalpatti, Hanumantraya, Bharatkumar Bhajantri, and Subramanian, Sundar Kumar
- Abstract
In the atmosphere greenhouse gases concentration has rapidly increased due to anthropogenic activities which cause global warming. Portland cement manufacturing process requires enormous amount of energy and also consumes huge quantity of natural resources. To overcome this issue, Portland cement free geopolymer concrete is produced with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as main binder and micronized biomass silica (MBS) is substituted in place of GGBS at different quantities. Experimental investigation highlighting mechanical properties and durability performance of geopolymer concrete mixes produced with GGBS and MBS are presented here. Rice husk is used in the manufacture of MBS. Compressive, flexural, split tensile strength, elastic modulus and durability parameters like water absorption, sorptivity, rapid chloride permeability test were conducted. Geopolymer concrete mix with 20 percent MBS and remaining GGBS as binder was found to have optimal strength and durability performance. However, the compressive strength was above the target design strength for all the geopolymer concrete mixes. This experimental investigation vindicates the feasibility of utilizing MBS as a binder raw material in geopolymer concrete production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Reclamation of Sodic Soils and Improvement of Corn Seed Germination Using Spent Grains, Cheese Whey, Gypsum, and Compost
- Author
-
Emad Aboukila and Abdelaziz Nilahyane
- Subjects
sodic soils ,industrial by-products ,cheese whey ,organic amendments ,Zea mays L. ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Incubation and germination experiments were carried out to evaluate spent grain, cheese whey, gypsum, and compost for reclamation of sodic soils and enhancing corn (Zea mays L.) germination. Results indicated that all organic amendments effectively reduced exchangeable sodium percent (ESP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and soil pH, while they enhanced soil organic matter, macronutrients, and corn germination percentages compared with gypsum and control. The positive impacts of all amendments followed the arrangement: spent grain > cheese whey > compost > gypsum > control. Moreover, one-month incubation was enough time for amendments to mitigate soil sodicity before crop plantation. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Sustainable Use of By-Products and Wastes from Greece to Produce Innovative Eco-Friendly Pervious Concrete
- Author
-
Petros Petrounias, Panagiota P. Giannakopoulou, Aikaterini Rogkala, Maria Kalpogiannaki, Nikolaos Laskaris, Paraskevi Lampropoulou, Panagiotis Mouzakis, Dionisios Panagiotaras, and Nikolaos Koukouzas
- Subjects
industrial by-products ,construction wastes ,circular economy ,green concrete ,sustainable development ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
This study was based on the reduction of the extraction of natural resources and, at the same time, was focused on the use of by-products and various wastes in construction applications by following the principles of circular economy. Sterile natural rocks (limestones, basalts), industrial by-products (slags), hotel construction wastes (bathroom wastes) and electronic wastes (e-wastes) were tested for pervious concrete aggregates. For this reason, ten concrete specimens were prepared and tested petrographically, structurally, and physically. The physical properties of the tested raw materials directly depended on their petrographic characteristics and played crucial role for the permeability of the produced concrete specimens, for their mechanical behavior, and for the freeze–thaw test results. Generally, from this study, strong encouraging results were achieved as concrete made by variable wastes and by-products can be compatible for concrete production as they show similar performance both in the mechanical strength test and in the freeze–thaw test with those made by natural aggregates. Another goal of this study was to recommend to other researchers the extended use of by-products, construction wastes, and e-wastes as concrete aggregates for producing eco-friendly constructions. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Valorization of Low-Cost Substrates for the Production of Odd Chain Fatty Acids by the Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
- Author
-
Sally El Kantar and Mohamed Koubaa
- Subjects
Y. lipolytica ,fermentation ,odd chain fatty acids ,industrial by-products ,valorization ,valuable compounds ,Fermentation industries. Beverages. Alcohol ,TP500-660 - Abstract
Odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs) have recently gained interest as target compounds in microbial production due to their diverse applications in the medical, pharmaceutical and chemical industries for the production of biofuels. Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising oleaginous yeast that has the ability to accumulate high quantities of fatty acids. However, the use of Y. lipolytica oils is still under research, in order to decrease the production costs related to the fermentation process and improve economic feasibility. In this work, sugar beet molasses (10–50 g/L) and crude glycerol (30 g/L) were used as the main carbon sources to reduce the processing costs of oil production from a genetically engineered Y. lipolytica strain. The effects of medium composition were studied on biomass production, lipid content, and OCFAs profile. Lipid production by yeast growing on molasses (20 g/L sucrose) and crude glycerol reached 4.63 ± 0.95 g/L of culture medium. OCFAs content represented 58% of the total fatty acids in lipids, which corresponds to ≈2.69 ± 0.03 g/L of culture medium. The fermentation was upscaled to 5 L bioreactors and fed-batch co-feeding increased OCFA accumulation in Y. lipolytica by 56% compared to batch cultures. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Performance Evaluation of Engineering Properties, Radiation Shielding, and Sustainability of Hollow Masonry Blocks Produced Using a High Volume of Industrial By-Products.
- Author
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Nayaka, Ramappa Ramesh, Alengaram, U. Johnson, Jumaat, Mohd Zamin, Yusoff, Sumiani, and Ganasan, Reventheran
- Subjects
- *
RADIATION shielding , *RESOURCE exploitation , *MASONRY , *MATERIALS , *PALM oil industry , *WASTE products , *CRUMB rubber - Abstract
Masonry blocks are extremely popular for a wide range of masonry structures around the world. However, the ever-increasing cost of materials and overexploitation of natural resources in the production of blocks pose grave environmental concerns. Three waste materials and industrial by-products from the palm oil and steel industries, namely, palm oil clinker powder (POCP), palm oil clinker (POC), and steel slag sand (SSS), have been utilized to replace cement, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate in the development of hollow masonry blocks (HMBs). Further, the hardened properties on HMBs such as density, water absorption, and compressive and flexural strengths were investigated. The results indicate that the use of 30% POCP, 50% POC, and 75% SSS, respectively, as the replacement materials for cement, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate in HMBs produced acceptable engineering and radiation shielding performance. A reduction in CO2 and cost could be envisaged based on the environmental and economic indexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Filter cake enhances soil fertility and initial growth of wheat cultivated in a sandy Ultisol
- Author
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João Henrique Castaldo, Antonio Nolla, Adriano Catossi Tinos, Carla Raquel da Silva Damy, Mauren Sorace, and Andréia Paula Carneiro Martins
- Subjects
Fertilizing indicators ,Industrial by-products ,Organic fertilizers ,Triticum aestivum ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The use of mineral fertilizer on wheat is frequent, which can cause complications to crop and environment. That said, the use of organic fertilizers are welcome, as filter cake, a by-product from processing sugar-cane, which provides nutrients, increasing the soil pH and neutralizing the aluminum exchangeable. The objective was to evaluate the soil fertility and initial development of wheat as a function of the filter cake rates and to indicate a proper rate of filter cake for wheat plants grown in a sandy Ultisol from Northwest of the State of Paraná. Coodetec CD104 wheat variety planted on PVC columns measuring 200mm x 20cm, added the rates of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and, 80 g dm-3 of filter cake on each column. Filter cake fertilization increased phosphorus available and soil pH (CaCl2), as consequence, provided a significant increase in the number of tillers, fresh and dry shoots mass and on total root length, with maximum development of the crop using filter cake at rate of 76.26 g dm-3(equivalent of 152.52 t ha-1). more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Nutraceutical potential of flours from tomato by-product and tomato field waste.
- Author
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Paulino, Segoviano-León Juan, Adrián, Ávila-Torres Germán, Gabriela, Espinosa-Alonso Laura, Maribel, Valdez-Morales, and Sergio, Medina-Godoy
- Abstract
Tomato field wastes and industrial by-products represents a valuable source of compounds with nutraceutical potential, and therefore of raw material to obtain food ingredients and additives. The objective of this study was to obtain a flour from tomato industrial by-product and from tomato field waste, dried by a conventional method, that allows to remain important nutraceutical compounds, which in the future, can be used for biotechnological purposes. We found that the drying procedure that allowed to reach an adequate water activity (0.4–0.6) in a forced convection oven were: 55 °C during 120 min. Both, the by-product and the field waste are potential sources for the extraction of phenolic and carotenoid compounds, getting up 11.26 μg/mg dry extract of lycopene and 162.82 μg/mg dry extract of phenolic compounds, highlighting the flavonoids: naringenin, catechin, and rutin. On the other hand, antioxidant analysis showed that oven dried by-product exhibits an inhibition around 80% against hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals, and a positive correlation of both lycopene and β-carotene with myoglobin protection ratio against these radicals. We concluded that the flour from tomato industrial by-products and field waste have nutraceutical properties attractive to the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Investigation in terms of digestive values, silages quality and nutrient content of the using pomegranate pomace in the ensiling of apple pomace with high moisture contents
- Author
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Kanber Kara, Berrin Kocaoglu Guclu, Erol Baytok, Eray Aktug, Fatma Karakas Oguz, Adem Kamalak, and Ali Ihsan Atalay
- Subjects
Apple pomace ,industrial by-products ,digestibility ,pomegranate pomace ,silage ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The purpose of present study was to determine the quality and in vitro digestion parameters in silages of 100% pomegranate pomace (PPS), 100% apple pomace (APS) and 50% pomegranate pomace + 50% apple pomace (PAPS). The digestion parameters of 10% or 20% using of these silages in total mix ration (TMR) of dairy cattle were researched. The dry matter (DM), crude protein, flavonoids, tannins and anthocyanins of pomegranate pomace were higher than those of apple pomace. Fibrous and non-fibrous carbohydrates of pomegranate pomace were similar to those of apple pomace. The silage DM losses in APS decreased with pomegranate pomace (p = .004). The silage density, gas-methane production, and estimated digestion values of PPS and PAPS were higher than those of APS (p more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Experimental investigation of multiple industrial wastes for carbon dioxide removal strategies
- Author
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Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente, Bullock, Liam A., Fernández Turiel, José Luis, Benavente, David, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente, Bullock, Liam A., Fernández Turiel, José Luis, and Benavente, David more...
- Abstract
Industrial solid waste by-products are being increasingly employed for geochemical carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies due to their fine grain size, accessibility, and large annual production tonnages. Here, a range of such by-products has been tested experimentally for their reactivities with CO2 and water. Sample solutions were monitored for 100 h for changes in chemistry, and solid samples were characterised pre- and post-experiment. Samples rich in Ca- and Mg-bearing minerals, such as dunite, kimberlite, and ilmenite mine tailings, as well as marble quarry cuttings, were key cation sources. Ni sulphide, fluorite and borax tailings, coal-fired power plant fly ashes, and red mud samples showed high dissolution rates. The highest reaction rates were often observed during the initial few hours, and compared well to rates determined for rocks typically targeted for CDR purposes, such as basalt and gabbro. Several samples also showed secondary carbonate precipitation, suggesting opportunities for the development of single-step CDR technologies. Overall, the results of this study indicate that several industrial by-products can provide sufficient cations at favourable dissolution rates for geochemical CDR purposes. Any on-site or near-site conditions for reaction acceleration such as heat, concentrated CO2 or microbes, could further increase favourability for geochemical CDR opportunities. more...
- Published
- 2023
45. Experimental investigation of multiple industrial wastes for carbon dioxide removal strategies
- Author
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European Commission, Bullock, L. A., Fernandez-Turiel, J. L., Benavente, D., European Commission, Bullock, L. A., Fernandez-Turiel, J. L., and Benavente, D.
- Abstract
Industrial solid waste by-products are being increasingly employed for geochemical carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies due to their fine grain size, accessibility, and large annual production tonnages. Here, a range of such by-products has been tested experimentally for their reactivities with CO and water. Sample solutions were monitored for 100 h for changes in chemistry, and solid samples were characterised pre- and post-experiment. Samples rich in Ca- and Mg-bearing minerals, such as dunite, kimberlite, and ilmenite mine tailings, as well as marble quarry cuttings, were key cation sources. Ni sulphide, fluorite and borax tailings, coal-fired power plant fly ashes, and red mud samples showed high dissolution rates. The highest reaction rates were often observed during the initial few hours, and compared well to rates determined for rocks typically targeted for CDR purposes, such as basalt and gabbro. Several samples also showed secondary carbonate precipitation, suggesting opportunities for the development of single-step CDR technologies. Overall, the results of this study indicate that several industrial by-products can provide sufficient cations at favourable dissolution rates for geochemical CDR purposes. Any on-site or near-site conditions for reaction acceleration such as heat, concentrated CO or microbes, could further increase favourability for geochemical CDR opportunities. more...
- Published
- 2023
46. Development of highly porous alkaline cements from industrial waste for thermal insulation of building envelops
- Author
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Cristelo, Nuno, Maia, Joana, Ramos, Nuno M.M., Rivera, Jhonathan, Ventura, Joao, Veloso, Rita C., Fernández-Jiménez, Ana, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Cristelo, Nuno, Maia, Joana, Ramos, Nuno M.M., Rivera, Jhonathan, Ventura, Joao, Veloso, Rita C., and Fernández-Jiménez, Ana more...
- Abstract
Alkali activated cements (AAC) are becoming an increasingly promising alternative to traditional Portland cement. There are still some significant barriers which have yet to be addressed, by all the agents involved in the construction industry. However, it appears that some AAC applications can be introduced in current applications at a faster rate than, for instance, structural concrete. One of these applications are materials with thermal performance, based on the capacity of some types of AAC to expand during initial reactions. The present paper aims to assess the viability of producing porous AAC for application in thermally effective façade panels. A wide range of industrial by-products were activated with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. Two additional by-products were incorporated to increase the thermal damping of the pastes, with the intention of taking advantage of the large pore volume. Flexural and compressive strength and density was measured, and selected pastes were then submitted to microstructural characterisation (SEM/EDX), environmental behaviour (heavy metal leaching), porosity (SEM) and thermal performance (thermal coefficient). The results showed maximum compressive strengths of 2.5 MPa, while the majority of the pastes tested showed conductivity values below the threshold of 0.2 W/m.°C, which is the requirement for obtaining a classification of ‘thermal’. Therefore, the production of panels for thermal insulation based on alkali activated industrial by-products is competitive with traditional materials based on current commercial solutions, and, given the non-structural nature of this application, can be very close to reach industrial production. more...
- Published
- 2023
47. Material recycling with particular reference to municipal incinerator residues
- Author
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Burrows, Stephen John
- Subjects
628.4 ,Incineration ,Bottom ash ,Industrial by-products - Published
- 1997
48. ASSESSMENT OF NON-HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AS SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS IN ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS.
- Author
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DOBRESCU, Cornelia-Florentina
- Subjects
- *
WASTE products , *SUSTAINABLE development , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
The topic of the present study fits into the current internationally-spread approach, focused on efficient solutions for sustainable development, aimed to ensuring the application of a long-term and integrated waste management, in line with the principles of environmental protection and with the concept of circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
49. Estimación de costos del ciclo de vida para la estabilización de vías terciarias en Colombia con subproductos industriales.
- Author
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Martínez-Murillo, Laura Isabel and Olaya-Morales, Yris
- Subjects
LIFE cycle costing ,RURAL roads ,MAINTENANCE ,INDUSTRIAL wastes - Abstract
Copyright of Lecturas de Economia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Grape juice by-products extracted by ultrasound and microwave-assisted with different solvents: a rich chemical composition.
- Author
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Pezzini, Vania, Agostini, Fabiana, Smiderle, Franco, Touguinha, Luciana, Salvador, Mirian, and Moura, Sidnei
- Abstract
By-products of the grape juice industry contain valuable compounds. The current work produced bioactive-enriched extracts from by-products of the grape juice, through three different extraction methods. Yields and chemical compositions varied, according to the extraction method (ultrasound, microwave, liquid–liquid). High-efficiency liquid chromatography with UV–Vis and high-resolution mass spectrometry characterised were used for chemical characterization, with glycosylated flavonoids evident. The crude extract was fractionated by open column, which has possibility carried-out fraction rich in resveratrol. The inhibition of DPPH radicals ranged from 14.2 to 74.2%, and the total phenolic content ranged from 0.1 to 107.0 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g. Microwave-assisted extraction of grape juice by-products using polar solvents, such as ethanol and water, provided the best yield and chemical composition, obtaining extracts rich in flavonoids. In this way, this work has demonstrated the industrial grape by-products importances, which are a rich source of antioxidants if properly extracted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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