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Savvy social orders have an expanding interest for quality-arranged administrations and framework in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) worldview. Savvy urbanization faces various difficulties. Among them, made sure about vitality Demand Side Management (DSM) is of specific concern. The IIoT renders the mechanical frameworks to malware, digital assaults, and other security chances. The IIoT with the mixture of Big Data investigation can give effective answers for such difficulties. This paper proposes a made sure about and trusted multi-layered DSM motor for a shrewd social society utilizing IIoT-based Big Data examination. The proposed motor uses an incorporated way to deal with accomplish ideal DSM over a Home Area Network (HAN). To upgrade the security of this motor, a payload-based confirmation conspire is used that depends on a lightweight handshake component. Our proposed strategy uses the lightweight highlights of Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) to encourage the customers in observing different assets dwelling over the worker in a vitality productive way. Likewise, information streams are handled utilizing Big Data examination with MapReduce equal preparing. The proposed confirmation approach is assessed utilizing NetDuino Plus 2 loads up that yield a lower association overhead, memory utilization, reaction time and a vigorous safeguard against different vindictive assaults.

Internet of Things (IoT) devices have connected millions of houses around the globe via the internet. In the recent past, threats due to hardware Trojan (HT) in the integrated circuits (IC) have become a serious concern, which affects IoT edge devices (IoT-ED). In this paper, the possibility of the IoT-ED with embedded HT that can cause serious security, privacy, and availability problems to the IoT based Home Area Network (HAN) has been discussed. Conventional network attack detection techniques work at the network protocol layers, whereas IoT-ED with HT can lead to the peculiar manifestation of attack at the physical and/or firmware level. On the other hand, in the IC design, most of the HT-based attack detection techniques require design time intervention, which is expensive for many of the IoT-ED and cannot guarantee 100% immunity. The argument in this paper is that the health of modern IoT-ED requires a final line of defense against possible HT-based attacks that goes undetected during IC design and test. The approach is to utilize power profiling (PP) and network traffic (NT) data without intervening into the IC design to detect malicious activity in HAN. The proposed technique is to effectively identify multiple attacks concurrently and to differentiate between different types of attacks. The IoT-ED behaviors for five different types of random attacks have been studied, including covert channel, DoS, ARQ, power depletion, and impersonation attacks. Data fusion has been leveraged by combining the PP and NT data and is able to detect, without design time intervention, each of the five attacks individually with up to 99% accuracy. Moreover, the proposed technique can also detect all the attacks concurrently with 92% accuracy. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first work where multiple HT based attacks are concurrently detected in IoT-ED without requiring any design time intervention.

The 5G technology has raised new security issues in the new communication paradigm as there are more devices in the network. Internet-of-Things devices, including smart home devices, will be allowed to connect, communicate, and share data faster than ever. In the context of a Home Area Network (HAN) where smart home appliances are monitored and controlled in real-time, the explosive growth of networked devices poses an elevated security threat to data provenance. This paper focuses on data provenance issues in a HAN within a smart metering infrastructure. We propose a comprehensive yet efficient solution to guarantee that the reported energy usage is collected from the real appliance as claimed, at the designated location, and that it reflects the real consumption by the appliance.

Smart societies have an increasing demand for quality-oriented services and infrastructure in an industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) paradigm. Smart urbanization faces numerous challenges. Among them, secured energy demand-side management (DSM) is of particular concern. The IIoT renders the industrial systems to malware, cyberattacks, and other security risks. The IIoT with the amalgamation of big data analytics can provide efficient solutions to such challenges. This paper proposes a secured and trusted multi-layered DSM engine for a smart social society using IIoT-based big data analytics. The major objective is to provide a generic secured solution for smart societies in IIoT environment. The proposed engine uses a centralized approach to achieve optimum DSM over a home area network. To enhance the security of this engine, a payload-based authentication scheme is utilized that relies on a lightweight handshake mechanism. Our proposed method utilizes the lightweight features of the constrained application protocol to facilitate the clients in monitoring various resources residing over the server in an energy-efficient manner. In addition, data streams are processed using big data analytics with MapReduce parallel processing. The proposed authentication approach is evaluated using NetDuino Plus 2 boards that yield a lower connection overhead, memory consumption, response time, and a robust defense against various malicious attacks. On the other hand, our data processing approach is tested on reliable datasets using Apache Hadoop with Apache Spark to verify the proposed DMS engine. The test results reveal that the proposed architecture offers valuable insights into the smart social societies in the context of IIoT.

Smart meters (SMs) are key components of the smart grid (SG) which gather electricity usage data from residences and businesses. Home area networks (HANs) are used to support two-way communications between SMs and devices within a building such as appliances. This can be implemented using power line communications (PLCs) via home wiring topologies. In this paper, a bottom-up approach is designed and a HAN-PLC channel model is obtained for a split-phase power system which includes branch circuits, an electric panel with circuit breakers and bars, a secondary transformer and the wiring of neighboring residences. A cell division (CD) method is proposed to construct the channel model. Furthermore, arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) and ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) circuit breaker models are developed. Several HAN-PLC channels are presented and compared with those obtained using existing models.

Among the principals for securing smart grid infrastructure, accountability is one with lesser addressed concepts in smart grid literature. Even further, studies in the home area network are lacking in enforcement of accountable mechanisms as assigning responsibilities for devices’ actions are generally made the responsibility of the utility. This paper addresses accountability of devices in the home area network by providing a witness-based method for more accurate monitoring and estimation of the energy usage for devices whose power consumption varies while these devices are powered on. Algorithm analysis and simulation results show that the method is effective, and the method is well within the acceptable rate of error based on today's standards of estimation without need of previous knowledge of device profiles. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The paper discusses Home Area Networks (HAN) communication technologies for smart home and domestic application integration. The work is initiated by identifying the application areas that can benefit from this integration. A broad and inclusive home communication interface is analysed utilizing as a key piece a Gateway based on machine-to-machine (M2M) communications that interacts with the surrounding environment. Then, the main wireless networks are thoroughly assessed, and later, their suitability to the requirements of HAN considering the application area is analysed. Finally, a qualitative analysis is portrayed.

Большев Вадим Евгеньевич, научный сотрудник, ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ», г. Москва; vadim57ru@gmail.com. Виноградов Александр Владимирович, канд. техн. наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ», г. Москва; winaleksandr@rambler.ru. V.E. Bolshev, vadim57ru@gmail.com, A.V. Vinogradov, winaleksandr@rambler.ru Federal Scientific Agroengineering Centre VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation Обзор литературных источников показал, что тема инфраструктуры интеллектуальных счётчиков хорошо изучена и упоминается во множестве исследований за рубежом, в то время как в российской науке работ, полностью освещающих данную технологию, крайне мало. Поэтому данная статья представляет собой обзор зарубежных источников, посвященных данной теме. Инфраструктура интеллектуальных счётчиков является основой интеллектуальных сетей и представляет собой сочетание различных технологий, осуществляющих коммуникацию и управление в системах электроснабжения. Преимуществом этих технологий в сравнении с другими системами является наличие двунаправленной связи между потребителем и поставщиком электроэнергии, что позволяет участникам энергетического рынка оперативно взаимодействовать друг с другом и реагировать на изменения в системе. Данная статья описывает структуру инфраструктуры интеллектуальных счётчиков, её особенности и вопросы интеграции в систему электроснабжения. В статье предоставлена информация по основным компонентам данной системы. Даны описание, работа и возможности использования интеллектуальных счётчиков, а также их устройства. В статье имеется информация, посвященная описанию структуры центра обработки данных, архитектуры сетей связи и технологий, используемых для передачи информации между компонентами данной системы. Также в статье приведены основные протоколы и стандарты, используемые в инфраструктуре интеллектуальных счётчиков. Описанные в статье технологии использования интеллектуального измерения в сетях электроснабжения могут быть применены для сетей газоснабжения и сетей водоснабжения. The review of existing publications shows that the topic of advanced metering infrastructure has been studied extensively and is mentioned in a variety of foreign studies. However, no Russian publications on the technology have been found. Therefore, the article presents an overview of foreign sources on the subject. Advanced metering infrastructure, being a combination of various power supply systems communication and control technologies, serves as the basis of intelligent networks. Compared to other systems, the advantage of this technology is the bidirectional consumer – electricity supplier communication. The article describes the structure of smart meter infrastructure, its features and issues connected with its integration into power supply systems. The article describes the main components of this system, its performance, and the possibilities of using smart meters as well as their structure. The article presents the information on the data center structure, communication network architecture, and technologies used to transfer data between the system components. The article also describes the main protocols and standards of the Advanced metering infrastructure. The technologies described in the article cover the implementation of this system in the power supply network, however, they can be used for gas and water systems as well.

There are emerging opportunities for distributed, composite services, based on the combination of smart homes, networked consumer devices, third-party services, and social, geographical or commercial collaborations. However, current home automation technology tends to focus on the single-home solution, rather than enabling home users to securely share and easily manage the resources and services of their home area network. This article describes a new federated home architecture that addresses these needs, reports on prototyping to date, and provides an overview of several important technologies for the next generation of federated homes. Our vision is to support a future of user-centric device and service sharing from home to home across the Internet, in a way that does not rely on centralized authority but supports a web of secure, peer-wise trusted relationships between consumers.

Securing the network communication for the smart grid, it is important that a secure key distribution and management scheme is needed. Advanced metering Infrastructure (AMI) is considered as integral part of the smart grid that collects and analyzes the information of energy consumption using the communication network. In order to achieve data confidentiality, privacy, and authentication in AMI, various crypto algorithms are used, such as demand key distribution and management schemes. Investigation on properly designed key distribution and management scheme for securely gathering both individual and aggregated meter’s readings is one of the critical requirements. In this paper, we propose a secure key distribution for Home Area Network (HAN) in smart grid. In this paper, we propose a new key distribution and management scheme, which uses identification scheme of Wu – Hsu and tailored to smart grid. We also give the scheme for key update/freshness and key revocation. Specifically, a group ID based mechanism is proposed to establish the keys for a large amount of users with small overload.

The choice between wired and wireless networks is commonly driven by grid topology and geographical environment as these factors have enormous influence on network performance and infrastructure cost. By analyzing and comparing their strengths and weaknesses of two leading communication technologies, a hybrid solution is proposed to operate Smart Energy Profile 2.0 over two underlying MAC/PHY technologies. The proposal solution provides a seamless connectivity between ZigBee and Power Line Communication networks to reap benefits from their respective advantages. Since the two technologies are complementary media, the combination is more appropriate than a single application or installation scenario.

International audience; Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) serve as a key enabling technology for various smart initiatives, such as Smart Power Grids, by virtue of providing a self-organized wireless communication superhighway that is capable of monitoring the health and performance of system assets as well as enabling efficient trouble shooting notifications. Despite this promise, the current routing protocols in WMNs are fairly limited, particularly in the context of smart initiatives. Additionally, managing and upgrading these protocols is a difficult and error-prone task since the configuration must be enforced individually at each router. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) shows promise in this regard since it enables creating a customizable and programmable network data plane. However, SDN research to date has focused predominantly on wired networks, e.g., in cloud computing, but seldom on wireless communications and specifically WMNs. This paper addresses the limitations in SDN for WMNs by allowing the refactoring of the wireless protocol stack so as to provide modular and flexible routing decisions as well as fine-grained flow control. To that end, we describe an intelligent network architecture comprising a three-stage routing approach suitable for WMNs in uses cases, such as Smart Grids, that provides an efficient and affordable coverage as well as scalable high bandwidth capacity. Experimental results evaluating our approach for various QoS metrics like latency and bandwidth utilization show that our solution is suitable for the requirements of mission-critical WMNs.

Residential thermostats control a substantial portion of both fuel and electrical energy—9% of the total energy consumption in the U.S. Consumers install programmable thermostats to save energy, yet numerous recent studies found that homes with programmable thermostats can use more energy than those controlled manually depending on how—or if—they are used. At the same time, thermostats are undergoing a dramatic increase in capability and features, including control of ventilation, responding to electricity price signals, and interacting with a home area network. These issues warrant a review of the current state of thermostats, evaluating their effectiveness in providing thermal comfort and energy savings, and identifying areas for further improvement or research. This review covers the evolution in technologies of residential thermostats; we found few standards and many features. We discuss studies of how people currently use thermostats, finding that nearly half do not use the programming features. The review covers the complications associated with using a thermostat. Finally, we suggest research needed to design—and especially test with users—thermostats that can provide more comfortable and economical indoor environments.

Electricity transmission and distribution in most of the countries are needed to be improved by the construction of new networks. These improvements are not that much cost effective and if cost is tried to be reduced then the quality and efficiency of the system is compromised which is not suitable at all for the current system. In addition obtaining planning permission and carrying out construction is so much difficult in busy cities. The main objective of this research is to monitor and control frequency deviation. A simple MATLAB controlling and monitoring system is being developed and the ARDUINO DAQ card is used to calculate the frequency deviation. The purpose of respective research is basically based on a dummy load which is used to show the usage of particular equipment’s used in a home such as fridge, freezer ,oven , lighting system, and domestic wet appliances such as washer dryer which are attached these to a DAQ and then to a controlling and monitoring GUI MATLAB based. However, this research is focused on the monitoring and controlling of the frequency deviation.

The energy need is growing rapidly due to the population growth and the large new usage of power. Several works put considerable efforts to make the electricity grid more intelligent to reduce essentially energy consumption and provide efficiency and reliability of power systems. The Smart Grid is a complex architecture that covers critical devices and systems vulnerable to significant attacks. Hence, security is a crucial factor for the success and the wide deployment of Smart Grids. In this paper, we present security issues of the Smart Grid architecture and we highlight open issues that will make the Smart Grid security a challenging research area in the future., {"references":["Z. Qiqi, S. Gang, L. 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This paper analyzes a consumption scheduling mechanism for domestic appliances within a home area network. The aim of the proposed scheduling is to minimize the total energy price paid by the consumer and to reduce power peaks in order to achieve a balanced daily load schedule. An exact and computationally efficient mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation of the problem is presented. This model is verified by several problem instances. Realistic scenarios based on the real price tariffs commercially available in the Czech Republic are calculated. The results obtained by solving the optimization problem are compared with a simulation of the ripple control service currently used by many domestic consumers in the Czech Republic Článek se věnuje návrhu a ověření algoritmu pro optimalizaci běhu domácích spotřebičů z hlediska úspory nákladů na jejich provoz. Matematický MILP model skupiny spotřebičů je za daných vstupních podmínek možno efektivně optimalizovat dostupnými prostředky. Model je v článku ověřen na několika realistických scénářích vycházejících z podmínek na domácím energetickém trhu.

In the smart grid infrastructure based power systems, it is necessary to consider the demand side management to enhance the energy reduction and system control. In many countries the resources are very less so the available resources have to be used in an efficient manner without any loss. The total loss cannot be avoided but it can be reduced. In the proposed system, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to distribute the power in the smart grid. Here, the grids are arranged in such a way that the losses in it are reduced. The load connected to the grid is rearranged according to their use. It uses a new and stochastic scheduling technique to handle the uncertainties in the power system. Solar and wind power are taken in account for twenty four hours and the values are given to the PSO algorithm. The experiment was conducted by MATLAB and the results show that the efficiency level of wind and solar power systems was increased by an appreciable level. The proposed technique is compared with the normal system without using Demand Side Management (DSM) and it shows that the proposed system gives better results than the existing systems.

This article introduces the concept of the ATM Warren. The Warren is an arbitrary mesh subnetwork of very simple ATM switches and end stations connected to the wide-area B-ISDN at one or more points. The Warren differs from other ATM networks in that both switches and end stations are designed to be implemented entirely in hardware with all control software banished to external computers.

Advances in Home Area Network (HAN) technologies have afforded end users increased convenience in performing everyday activities. However, even seemingly trivial issues can cause great annoyance for the novice user who lacks domain expertise of often complex HANs that underpin these advances. A key challenge lies in assisting novice users in understanding and monitoring of the obscure and complex HAN. This research proposes a framework to leverage domain expert knowledge to enable real time semantic up-lift in supporting novice end-users to understand and monitor the home area network. This presents a significant opportunity to increase user satisfaction and reduce associated support costs. This semantic approach has been designed and implemented in an early prototype of our Home Area Network Monitoring System (HANMS). This paper presents a detailed description of the current state of the research, an initial evaluation, and future work.

With the advance of home networking technologies, people now enjoy increased communications convenience whilst occasionally suffering annoyance from trivial issues. The automated application of appropriate expertise can support ordinary users in managing and diagnosing their own network, despite being unfamiliar with the basic technologies. This presents a significant opportunity to increase user satisfaction and reduce support costs. As a part of my PhD research, this paper proposes an expert knowledge derived approach to manage, diagnose and resolve network problems in real time through a user-friendly visual interface derived from semantically annotated heterogeneous raw network monitoring data. This approach has been implemented in an early prototype - Home Area Network Monitoring System (HANMS). A detailed description of the current stage of this research and future work is addressed in this paper.

Traditional home area network (HAN) equipment is usually unmanaged and network traffic is served in best effort fashion. This type of unmanaged network sometimes causes quality-of-service issues in the HAN, for example loss of quality in streamed video or audio content. Traffic management rules using policies to prioritise certain types of traffic according to user requirements and to assign bandwidth limits to other traffic types. However very little work has been done yet addressing the specification of these requirements, how they would be communicated to the gateway device using policies, and how the policies would be refined into device level configurations to effectively implement the user requirements. In this paper we briefly discuss this as a research problem, placing it within the context of the research goals and an initial research methodology in the area of policy refinement for policy-based traffic management in home area networks (HANs).