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Phytopathogenic bacteria inject effector proteins into plant host cells to promote disease. Plant resistance (R) genes encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins mediate the recognition of functionally and structurally diverse microbial effectors, including transcription-activator like effectors (TALEs) from the bacterial genus Xanthomonas. TALEs bind to plant promoters and transcriptionally activate either disease-promoting host susceptibility (S) genes or cell death-inducing executor-type R genes. It is perplexing that plants contain TALE-perceiving executor-type R genes in addition to NLRs that also mediate the recognition of TALE-containing xanthomonads. We present recent findings on the evolvability of TALEs, which suggest that the native function of executors is not in plant immunity, but possibly in the regulation of developmentally controlled programmed cell death (PCD) processes.

The purpose of this article is to determine the factors that hinder the implementation of the whipping sentence under Aceh’s Jinayah Qanun and the efforts made in overcoming these obstacles. The method used is empirical juridical, using data from the field as the main source. This is done by collecting data from several regions in Aceh, followed by interviews with the prosecutors as the executor in Sharia Court for the Jinayah case. The results show that the execution is the final stage of the judicial process and is expected to achieve the objectives of justice, but there are some cases of jinayah which are not fully executed due to some obstacles that arose. The main obstacles are lack of funding, human resources, and coordination among subsystems in the jinayah justice. The lack of funding will result in delays in implementing whipping punishment so that when it is carried out, it is difficult to bring the convicted person into prison. The efforts made to overcome this problem are by carrying out whipping with minimum funding, developing human resources, and coordinating with the local government to support this execution process.

The paper analyzes the content and scope of the concept of an accomplice in a crime. With regard to the content, it is noted that there is no definition of an accomplice in the criminal law. At the same time, it is indicated that it cannot be replaced by the concept of complicity in a crime. It is stated that it is necessary as a tool for the correct reflection of the figures of specific accomplices. Attention is drawn to the fact that in theory, the definition of an accomplice is very rare. Usually, research into relevant complicity issues begins immediately with an analysis of the types of complicity. On the basis of a critical analysis of scientific and regulatory decisions, the author’s definition of an accomplice is given. With regard to the content, it is argued that the types of accomplices in a crime identified by the legislator are self-sufficient and are listed exhaustively and there is no need to add any other persons. Persons specified in literature as real accomplices are recognized as special cases of the persons named in the law or do not belong to complicity at all. The conclusion is that, on the one hand, it is desirable to introduce into the law the concept of an accomplice in a crime, on the other hand, it is inappropriate to include new types of accomplices.

The main problem in this research is the irregular condition of Bantar Gebang traditional market in Bekasi City. This study aims to determine how the implementation of the revitalization policy of Bantar Gebang traditional market in Bekasi city. By referring to the theory of Van Metter Van Horn (Winarno: 142) which has dimensions of indicators of basic measures and policy objectives, policy sources, communication between organizations and implementing activities, characteristics of implementing agencies, economic, social and political conditions, executor tendencies. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques: observation, interviews and literature study. The results of the study reveal that the implementation of policies that have been implemented in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi City has not been optimal, so that it has an impact on chaotic market conditions, both traders selling less, and less buyers who shop so that it has an impact on market retribution income that is not optimal.Keywords: Policy implementation, traditional markets, revitalization.

The article is devoted to the analysis of features of interaction of the parties of the contract for carrying out search works. A distinction has been made between the terms “party to the contract” and “party to the obligation”. It is concluded that the parties to the contract for exploration work do not always become the subject of the contractual obligation. Yes, under the contract under study, the parties are endowed with rights and responsibilities, but the rights and obligations can be endowed not only by the customer and the contractor, but also by other participants (for example, subcontractor, architect, design engineer, etc.). The obligation involves persons with rights and / or obligations – the customer and the contractor, regardless of whether they are parties or parties to the contract. Accordingly, the parties to the contract for exploration are not always identical to the parties to the obligation, because the defining feature of the contracting party is the expression of the person’s will in the contract, and the defining feature of the obligated party is the person’s rights and / or obligations. Legal entities as parties to the contract for exploration work act in accordance with the established purpose of their activities. However, in some cases, legal entities have specific civil rights and obligations under the contract to conduct exploration work, the possibility of performing such work directly depends on the presence of a special permit for certain types of exploration work. Separately within the article the common terminological errors at the name of the contractor as the party of the contract for carrying out search works (the searcher, the designer, the executor) are analyzed. It is proved that the parties can call themselves a designer, a researcher and a contractor, which is not only not prohibited by current legislation, but also allowed by it. At the same time, amending the Civil Codе by renaming the permanent name “contractor” is inappropriate, as the procedure for amending it seems inexpedient and does not significantly affect the improvement of the rights of the parties to the contract to conduct exploration work.

The purpose of this study was to describe the learning system and the teachers' role in embedding the character education values in Elementary School Students. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique used is purposive sampling. The subject of this study was the students of Bayt Tamyiz Private Elementary School, Indramayu Regency. The data collection techniques in this study used in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The data validity techniques in this study were using source triangulation and structure triangulation. The results showed that the learning system implemented by Bayt Tamyiz Private Elementary School integrated through the components development program of the activities designed and adapted to the objectives of the schools. In this component, there was a teacher's role as the executor of the development of the activities program when the learning process was progressing both in the classroom and outside of the classroom so that the values of character education in the students are reflected in daily life. The implication of this study was to provide an overview of the learning system and the teachers' role in schools so that they could embed good character values in students in the learning process both inside and outside the classroom. Keywords: Learning system, teacher’s role, character education values.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of E-Catalog procurement of goods and services in Kebayoran Lama District, South Jakarta Administration City, DKI Jakarta Province. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interview studies, observation, and documentation, during data collection techniques, data reduction, data display, and verification. This study indicates that the effectiveness of the procurement of goods and services of E-Catalogue has shown success, although it has not run optimally in its application, where efficiency and effectiveness are obtained in the indicators. From the aspect of time, the process of procuring goods and services for E-Catalogue is faster because it takes 1 week at most 3 weeks, conventionally it takes more than 4 weeks. in improving the performance of the number of procurement through E-Catalogue, the procurement process has not yet supported the SOP (Standard Operating System) to carry out an overall transformation, especially in relation to constraints in the electronic procurement system, having certification of procurement of goods and services in operation Computers need the assistance of other human resources to assist their implementation, due to the lack of ability to operate computers and the program and the participation of agencies in conducting the process of procuring goods and services electronically, they are not yet aware of the importance of carrying out the procurement process goods and services that are effective and efficient, the lesson that can be learned from this research is a strong commitment from the leadership to the staff as executor in the field.

The objectives of the current study are: 1) to identify and analyze the authority of prosecutor as the executor of judge’s decision on the spoils resulting from criminal act of excise, 2) to find out and analyze the arrangements regarding the coordination of the prosecutor as the executor with the Director of Enforcement and Investigation/ Head of the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise related to the execution of the judge’s decision stating that the evidence is confiscated for the state in criminal act in the excise field. This study applies a qualitative approach and uses secondary and primary data as support. The results of the study show that: (1) the executive authority of the prosecutor to carry out court decisions that have permanent legal force in criminal cases is regulated in Articles 270 to 276 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The provisions of Article 270 of the Criminal Procedure Code are in line with the provisions described in Article 54 paragraph (1) of Law No. 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Powers that the implementation of court decisions in criminal cases is carried out by prosecutor. Then, the implementation of court decisions in cases of criminal acts in the excise field still refers to the Criminal Procedure Code because the Excise Law does not specifically determine the party authorized to carry out the execution of state booty in excise crimes, (2) the execution of judge’s decision stating evidence confiscated for the state in a criminal act in the excise field does not include regulations regarding the coordination of the prosecutor as executor with the Director of Enforcement/Head of Regional Office of the Directorate of Customs and Excise Enforcement and Investigation.

This scientific article is devoted to issues of the executive process science system. In particular, attention was drawn to the need to systematize information into two blocks, which concerns the organization of enforcement bodies and procedural activities of the state and private executor. Concepts and components of the system of the science of the executive process are formulated and emphasis is placed on the fact that when systematizing information about the enforcement of decisions of courts and other bodies (officials), it is essential to decide the question for whom this information should be used. In particular, for scientists in the research field, for students in the educational process, for practicing specialists and ordinary citizens who are users of enforcement services. Speaking about the system of science, the authors drew attention to the scientific works of scientists who are engaged in researching issues of executive proceedings, but noted that the approaches to this jurisdictional activity of persons authorized by the state are different, which significantly affects the educational process, the practice of enforcement of decisions, and especially legislative activity regarding the preparation of a new version of the law on bodies that carry out enforcement of decisions and the procedure of executive proceedings itself The proper systematization of information by scientists regarding executive proceedings will significantly affect the improvement of relevant legislation and the streamlining of the procedural activities of executors at various stages of executive proceedings, which will contribute to the implementation of the main task facing the enforcement bodies of the full, timely and objective execution of the decision and the restoration of violated rights subjects of civil and other relations. Various sources of information on enforcement proceedings were analyzed, in particular, the websites of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, bodies of the state executive service, private executors, which should also be taken into account by scientists, summarized, analyzed in order to solve those problematic situations that occur in this area of ​​jurisdictional activity and improving the state of enforcement of decisions., Дана наукова стаття присвячена питанням системи науки виконавчого процесу. Зокрема, звернено увагу на необхідність систематизації інформації на два блоки, яка стосується організації органів примусового виконання та процесуальної діяльності державного та приватного виконавця. Сформульовано поняття та складові системи науки виконавчого процесу та акцент зроблено на тому, що при систематизації інформації про примусове виконання рішень судів та інших органів(посадових осіб) істотне значення має вирішення питання ким ця інформація бути використовуватися. Зокрема, вченими в дослідницькій сфері, студентами у навчальному процесу, практикуючими фахівцями та пересічними громадянами, які є користувачами з надання послуг з примусового виконання рішень. Говорячи про систему науки автори звернули увагу на наукові праці вчених, які займаються дослідженням питань виконавчого провадження, але заначили, що підходи до цієї юрисдикційної діяльності, уповноважених державою осіб, є різними, що істотно впливає на навчальний процес, практику з примусового виконання рішень, а особливо на законотворчу діяльність щодо підготовки нової редакції закону про органи, які здійснюють примусове виконання рішень та саму процедуру виконавчого провадження. Належна систематизація інформації вченими щодо виконавчого провадження істотно вплине на вдосконалення відповідного законодавства та упорядкування процесуальної діяльності виконавців на різних стадіях виконавчого провадження, що сприятиме реалізації основного завдання, яке стоїть перед органами примусового виконання з повного, своєчасного та об’єктивного виконання рішення і відновлення порушених прав суб’єктів цивільних та інших відносин. Проаналізовані різні джерела, де має місце інформація про виконавче провадження, зокрема, це сайти, Міністерства юстиції України, органів державної виконавчої служби, приватних виконавців, яка має також братися вченими до уваги, узагальнюватися, аналізуватися з метою вирішення тих проблемних ситуацій, які мають місце у даній сфері юрисдикційної діяльності та покращення стану примусового виконання рішень.

The purpose of this article is to reduce the cost and time for the formation of a project team, as well as improve the quality of selected teams, by automating the process of calculating the labor resources of project teams. The objectives of the article are to study and analyze theoretical works on project teams formation and the construction of aggregated coefficients of a project and an employee for IT projects labor resources calculation. The article reveals the basic concepts and mechanisms of project management and human resources of an IT organization; the process of a project team forming and its structure, which is made up of the customer's team and the executor's team, is considered. A set of key indicators of a project and an employee is highlighted, which are necessary components for introducing the concept of an aggregated coefficient. The description of the calculation of the aggregate coefficient of the project (Iп), the aggregate coefficient of the employee (Ic), as well as the project aggregated coefficient of the employee (Ic п ) is provided, since the aggregated indicators of the project and the employee are independent in relation to each other, and to solve the tasks we need a coefficient that describes usefulness and efficiency of attracting a specific employee for a specific project. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the fact that it describes the process of project teams building in details, proposes aggregated coefficients of projects and employees, which make it possible to assess and select labor resources for project teams. The obtained theoretical results can be used to assess the role of each employee on a separate project and in the company as a whole, to calculate the labor resources of IT projects, as well as by the search and project planning department when choosing the scope and nature of work for the period under consideration.

Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat (DRPM) Universitas Budi Luhur (UBL) sebagai pelaksana dalam bidang Riset dan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, dituntut untuk berperan aktif tidak hanya dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahun dan teknologi tetapi turut serta dalam kegiatan masyarakat. DPRD yang terdiri dari berbagai macam latar belakang membutuhkan peningkatan skill, perubahan sikap, perilaku, korelasi terhadap kekurangan – kekurangan kinerja untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan produktivitas melalui pelatihan atau salah satunya bimbingan teknis. Salah satu upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh DRPM Universitas Budi Luhur adalah mengadakan kegiatan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat (PPM), dengan memfasilitasi DPRD Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota dalam melaksanakan Workshop dan Bimbingan Teknis dalam upaya ikut meningkatkan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Anggota DPRD. Metode kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan dua variabel atau lebih. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket, wawancara serta data dilapangan dengan analisis PLS (Partial Least Square) menggunakan sampel sebanyak 41 orang. Kegiatan Workshop dan Bimtek yang telah dilaksanakan dengan lancar sampai hari terakhir dan diwarnai dengan diskusi aktif antara Pimpinan dan Anggota DPRD bersama para narasumber. Melalui workshop dan bimbingan teknis, memberikan manfaat pimpinan dan anggota DPRD dalam menjalankan tugas-tugas kedewanan.

The article researches the practice of delimiting an accomplice from a co-executor. In cases where an accomplice intellectually or physically assists in the commission of a crime in the future or promises to provide such assistance after its completion, problems with the qualifications of his actions, as a rule, do not arise. A particular difficulty represents the legal assessment of the elimination of obstacles by the accomplice of the encroachment by the “main” performer. The author sets himself the goal of a scientifically grounded definition of the type of accomplice in a crime, which contributes to its commission by eliminating obstacles in the process of fulfilling the objective side. To achieve this goal, the normative and formal legal approaches were used, the decisions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the doctrinal provisions of the criminal were studied were studied. In the article, the author reasonably proposes that a person who removes obstacles to the implementation of the method of crime during the execution of its objective side be recognized as a co-executor. When deciding on the content of the objective side, one should issue not only from the abstract features of the corresponding composition, but also take into account the specific method of the actually committed encroachment. It is proposed to clarify in the legislative definition of an accomplice that a person who contributed to the commission of a crime by eliminating obstacles is recognized as an accomplice only if such elimination was carried out at the stage of preparation for the crime.

Environmental health service efforts at the health center require comprehensive preparation of the personnel (executor) resource structure as well as financial resources - facilities and standard operating procedures. To clarify the scope of the implementation of Environmental Health Services in Public Health Center, it is necessary to regulate the description of Environmental Health Service activities as a reference for Public Health Center officers and communities who need these services. This study aims to determine the management of the Environmental Health Program at Sungai Raya Public Health Center. This type of research is qualitative with an analysis technique (in-depth analysis) by examining the components of environmental health services at public health centers. This research focuses on environmental health services, observed in the field by conducting in-depth interviews, observations, and reviewing documents. The informants in this study were selected based on the purposive sampling method (non-probability), which is in accordance with the principles of appropriateness and adequacy.

The Indonesian government has long supported educational institutions to provide clean and healthy living habits through the Ministry of Health. However, clean and healthy living habits in schools seem to be increasingly important nowadays, because in the new normal era of the corona virus pandemic, children will soon return to school. Schools must maintain a clean and healthy lifestyle by involving teachers, students, and the community in the school environment and following certain health-related procedures. The school environment also needs to be made clean and healthy. The benefit of maintaining a clean and healthy lifestyle at school is to create a clean and healthy environment. In this way, the teaching process will run smoothly, and the health of teachers, students and the surrounding community will not be disturbed. Education on clean and healthy living habits is packaged in a national seminar in collaboration with SMA Negeri 19 Surabaya on Sunday, March 28, 2021. This activity is carried out in the form of lectures with the help of power points, through a zoom meeting platform which is also broadcast live on Youtube. The material presented includes three things with the author himself as the resource person and moderator of the event. The three materials are about Covid-19 and its development, the Covid-19 vaccine and its effectiveness, and the application of clean and healthy living habits in an effort to fight Covid-19. As for the participants, students from SD, SMP, and SMA with a total of 78 people and general participants reaching 11 people. This service is carried out independently and is carried out well in accordance with the objectives expected by the executor.

This article provides a simple explanation of the asymptotic concavity of the price impact of a meta-order via the microstructural properties of the market. This explanation is made more precise by a model in which the local relationship between the order flow and the fundamental price (i.e. the local price impact) is linear, with a constant slope, which makes the model dynamically consistent. Nevertheless, the expected impact on midprice from a large sequence of co-directional trades is nonlinear and asymptotically concave. The main practical conclusion of the proposed explanation is that, throughout a meta-order, the volumes at the best bid and ask prices change (on average) in favor of the executor. This conclusion, in turn, relies on two more concrete predictions, one of which can be tested, at least for large-tick stocks, using publicly available market data.

Behind the pro-contra polemic of imposing castration legal sanctions for criminals of pedophilia in Indonesia, doctors have a dilemma as a profession that is considered to have medical competence and is worthy of being executors. It is due to the principle of maintaining the safety of human souls and the prohibition of taking action that endangers the lives of others in the code of ethics for the medical profession. The research seeks to present the perspective of Islamic legal philosophy in analyzing the arguments in the Indonesian Doctors Association (IDI) rejection as the executor of the punishment for castration. This research is qualitative in the form of a literature review. This type of legal research is included in the category of philosophical normative Islamic law research using Islamic law principles (qawaid fiqhiyah). This research concludes that the principle of not endangering the safety of others in the medical profession is parallel to the rules of Islamic law (fiqh) which reads al-ḍararu yuzālu (fade must be eliminated). However, the provisions of the fiqh rule are not absolute. It means that under certain conditions, the act of harming someone is allowed in order to create public benefit (al-maslahat al-ammah). Therefore, a doctor who serves as executor in applying the caste penalty for pedophile offenders does not contradict the philosophy of Islamic law.

The State and the Government are obliged and responsible for the orderliness of children adoption practices, both in terms of administration and legal certainty. Therefore several policies were issued through legislation and jurisprudence that regulates and handles the issue of children adoption. The implementation of children adoption must be based on Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 54 of 2007 concerning Children Adoption. This study aims to get an overview and explanation of the Implementation of Licensing for ChildrenAdoption in Bengkulu Province Based on Government Regulation 54 of 2007 concerning the Implementation of Children Adoption. The children adoption process requires regulations that are in accordance with the Laws and Government Regulations and needs control of how they are implemented in the field. In addition to the Social Department of Bengkulu Province as the technical executor of adoption activities, it is necessary to establish a Regional Consultation Team for Children Adoption (known as PIPA in Indonesian abbreviation), to avoid irregularities in the process of implementation of children adoption, such as the adoption of children carried out without proper procedures, falsification of data and the existence of child trafficking, so the goal of adopting a child for the best interests of the child is not achieved. In analyzing the data in this thesis, the researcher applied a qualitative juridical analysis approach that describes the picture of the data obtained by researcher in the field and connects with each other to get a general conclusion. From the results of the qualitative juridical analysis, it can be seen and obtained inductive conclusions, namely the way of thinking in taking conclusions in general was based on facts that are specific. Data collection methods in this study were done through in-depth interview techniques, observation and documentation.The informants in this study were determined by selecting informants who comprehended and were directly involved in the implementation of child adoption programs. The informants consisted of the Head of Social Rehabilitation Division at the Social Department of Bengkulu Province, Head of Children and Elderly Social Rehabilitation Section at the Social Department of Bengkulu Province, Head of ChildrenProtection Section of the Women Empowerment Department and Children Protection in Bengkulu Province, Children Social Workers and Parents or Prospective Adoptive Parents who follow procedural for children adoption in accordance with applicable regulations. Data processing and analysis were conducted through data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing.

Статья посвящена исследованию конституционной категории «труд», дефиниция которой не закрепляется в законодательных актах потому, что считается, что общеизвестная категория, не являющаяся специальной юридической категорией, не нуждается в каком-либо разъяснении. Однако такой подход создает сложности для правового регулирования, так как размывает границы для законодателя и правоприменителя. Отсутствие осознания сущности регулируемой категории может привести к ситуации, когда законодатель, создавая новый закон или внося изменения в уже существующий, подвергнет регулированию ту сферу, которая не имеет отношения к соответствующему правовому явлению или наоборот – проигнорирует часть содержания регулируемой категории, что, несомненно, негативно скажется на качестве правового регулирования. Правоприменительная практика аналогично сталкивается с трудностями наличия только доктринальных пониманий юридических конструкций, что порождает разрозненность в решениях, принимаемых юристами в рамках их профессиональной деятельности. Конституция Российской Федерации 1993 года закрепила категорию «труд» в ряде статей, но не внесла ясность в понимание ее сущности. Проведенный анализ экономических и правовых взглядов на труд позволяет сделать вывод о том, что, несмотря на статус общеизвестной категории, которая, казалось бы, не нуждается в объяснении, только наличие четких критериев признания деятельности трудовой позволяет провести качественное правовое регулирование, в частности, позволяет не только отделить виды деятельности, не подпадающей под правовое регулирование, но и правильно выбрать отрасль права, регулирующую общественные отношения, сложившиеся в каждом конкретном случае., The article discusses the constitutional category of «labour», the definition of which is not enshrined in legislative acts because it is considered to be a well-known category, which is not a special legal one and does not require any clarification. However, this approach creates difficulties for legal regulation, as it blurs the boundaries for the legislator and the executor. Lack of awareness of the concept of a regulated category can lead to a situation when the legislator, creating a new law or making amendments to an existing one, will subject to regulation the area that does not pertain to the relevant legal phenomenon, or vice versa - will ignore part of the content of the regulated category, which is certain to negatively affect the quality of legal regulation. Law enforcement practices similarly face difficulties in having only doctrinal understandings of statutory concepts, which creates inconsistency in decisions made by lawyers in course of their professional work. The 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation enshrined the category of «labour» in a number of articles, but did not clarify the interpretation of its concept. The analysis of economic and legal views on labor allows us to conclude that, despite the status of a well-known category, which, it would seem, does not need an explanation, only the presence of clear criteria for recognizing an activity as labor, provides high-quality legal regulation, in particular, it allows not only to separate the types of activities that are not subject to legal regulation, but also to choose the right branch of law that regulates social relations in each particular case.

A comprehensive study of the perpetrator’s role leads to the following conclusions: “perpetrator of the crime” is a universal term used to describe an act that constitutes an objective element of the crime committed both in complicity and without complicity. Four alternatives to the actions of the perpetrator exist: executor who performed the objective element alone, an accomplice who performed the objective element with other accomplices, an indirect perpetrator, an indirect accomplice. Other ways to qualify person’s act as a perpetrator are based not on the law, but on the recommendations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation that de facto acquired the status of the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (joint participation in the organized group, joint participation in a crime with “technical distribution of roles”). The main element of the act of the perpetrator includes the fulfillment of the objective element described in the disposition of the article of the Special Part. The content of the objective element of a particular crime does not depend on the existence of complicity, hence the term “perpetrator” is applicable to any crime and has a universal value. It is impractical to describe in the law the same acts in different terms. “Technical distribution of roles” is a doctrinal term. Its content is disclosed in some resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the RF. Extensive interpretation of the term “perpetrator” in crimes with “technical distribution of roles” is a forced measure on the part of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, since the term “the group of persons in conspiracy” is interpreted restrictively. This interpretation complicates the application of the criminal law and does not allow us to adequately assess the greater risk of crimes committed in complicity. The term “technical distribution of roles” does not have a universal (acknowledged) interpretation in jurisprudence, which also makes it difficult to apply the law. Joint participation in a legal sense in crimes committed by an organized group is a construct that is not based on law applied to crimes with a special subject, which contradicts part 4, Art. 34 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

The article is devoted to the study about the reform of the system of compulsory execution judgments of the court increasing the efficiency of the process of execution of court judgments, as well as the introduction of the work of a private executor. The features of the private contractor's activity are highlighted in relation to his motivation, restrictions on the categories of executive documents that can be executed by private executors, etc. In addition, the article highlighted that it is necessary to make appropriate changes, in particular, the implementation of the reorganization of the system for the execution the judgments of the court in the context of increasing the efficiency of enforcement proceedings. The presence of private performers does not mean the self-exclusion of the state from the scope of implementation of decisions of public authorities and in this case the state exercises control and regulation through licensing, professional liability insurance, certification, guarantees protection in case of violation of the rights and legitimate interests of the executor. Our research serves as a basis for the development of new approaches to the creation of state policy in the area of enforcement, which contribute to the proper formation of the relevant regulatory framework, as well as for the successful solution of the existing issues relating to the development of an enforcement mechanism of judgments of jurisdictional authorities in Ukraine. Therefore, to solve all this problems, it is expedient to codify the norms concerning enforcement proceedings into a single Code of Enforcement Proceedings, which should regulate the status of public and private executors, the system and structure of executive services; tasks, principles, forms and functions of their activity; relations with public authorities and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine and abroad, corporate and private organizations; methods and means of governmental, ministerial, public control, as well as prosecutorial supervision; application of technical means; involvement of experts and other specialists in carrying out executive actions; the order and volume of logistical, financial and personnel support; delineation of legal and social protection.

The aim of this study is to identify and explain the influence of culture and training on organizational commitment and its effect on the performance of employees at the District Health Center Johar Baru, Central Jakarta. The research method in this study uses a a causality quantitative approach. The population is all health workers at the Johar Baru Puskesmas with probability sampling techniques and simple random sampling techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with the Smart PLS version 3.2.8 software program. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture, training and organizational commitment have a significant positive effect on employee performance partially or simultaneously. In addition, organizational commitment mediates organizational culture and performance training. Research suggestions in the aspect of managing performance targets should be arranged in quality and quantity by considering "people"As executor of activities. Leadership decision making must combine all constructive ideas and opinions, employee selection to determine training priorities so that it is right on target which can be done concretely through leadership training, capacity building, routine motivation programs, evaluation, reward and punishment.

DIY ranks first in drug trafficking among students, in general Jogja is in the top 8, the government has issued a P4GN policy according to INPRES No. 12 of 2011 but the implementation has not been maximimized therefore BNNP DIY as the National Narcotics Agency functions as the executor of the implementation of P4GN policy. In implementing P4GN policy among students in Yogyakarta, BNNP DIY as a representative of BNN in the regions do not make policies and programs according to regional conditions. However, BNNP as an extension of BNN is given the authority to determine the priority targets of the program through the implementation of technical guidance by inviting institutions and agencies that are within the scope of DIY. Implementation of the P4GN policy among students has not gone well, because the factors that are considered the most urgent in an implementation have not been fulfilled properly, especially in the field of human resources and budget availability, suggestions for adding extension agents in the prevention section and adding to the existing budget at BNNP DIY

Sergiienko N. A. THE DIRECTION OF INTERACTION BETWEEN EXECUTOR AND BANKS IN EXECUTIVE PROCESS In the scientific article the direction of interaction between executor and banks during compulsory execution of decisions are analyzed. In the scientific article is articulated the existence of contractual direction of interaction between executor and banks during compulsory execution of decisions. This direction of interaction is in pecuniary sphere. Example of this direction of interaction is as follows: banks keep securities, jewelry and other domestic things, made of gold, silver, platinum and metals of platinum group, gems, pearls, scrap and parts of things, mentioned above, that are the subject of arrest, and were detected during inventory. Next direction of interaction between executor and banks during executive process, which considered in the scientific article, is an informational interaction. This direction of interaction is in procedural sphere. Its contains obtaining by executor the information, that is necessary for he / she for compulsory execution of decision and can be given from the side of bank to executor in compliance with the legislation. In the scientific article is summarized that execution of executor rulings on money arrest, that kept on client account, bank metals, execution from the side of banks collection orders, filed by the executors, as the directions of interaction, can be stated as executive interaction. This direction of interaction is in procedural sphere. In this manner bank exercise power disposal of executor to stop free flow of money in the account / bank metals, belonged to client, or withdraw from client account money without client acceptance. In the scientific article is summarized that the sphere of interaction “executor - banks” is: 1) procedural (informational and executive interaction), 2) pecuniary (contractual interaction); its characterized by horizontal relations because there is no subordination between subjects, basic object of relations - compulsory execution of decision, that is supported by banks during giving to executor information or exercising his / her rule. This scientific article can be interest for scientist-lawyers and practical lawyers.

Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS) merupakan sebuah lembaga penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah yang berada di bawah naungan Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Mengenai eksekusi putusan yang dikeluarkan oleh BASYARNAS terhadap para pihak yang tidak secara sukarela menjalankan putusan BASYARNAS mengalami banyak perubahan, dikarenakan pengaturan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 yang melimpahkan wewenang eksekusi putusan BASYARNAS pada pengadilan negeri walaupun putusan tersebut berkaitan dengan sengketa ekonomi syariah yang seharusnya berada di bawah kewenangan Pengadilan Agama. meskipun demikian, terdapat beberapa upaya untuk mengembalikan wewenang Pengadilan Agama sebagai satu-satunya lembaga peradilan yang berwenang sebagai eksekutor atas putusan BASYARNAS, di antaranya adalah terbitnya Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung (SEMA) Nomor 8 Tahun 2008 tentang Eksekusi Putusan BASYARNAS. Namun implementasi SEMA ini tidak bertahan lama, sebab pada tahun 2010 Mahkamah Agung kembali mengeluarkan Surat Edaran Nomor 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Penegasan Tidak Berlakunya SEMA Nomor 8 Tahun 2008 tentang Eksekusi Putusan Badan Arbitrase Syriah. Setelah melewati kesenjangan yang cukup lama, pada tahun 2014 terbitlah Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 14 Tahun 2016 tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Perkara Ekonomi Syariah. PERMA ini memberikan kekuasaan penuh kepada Pengadilan Agama sebagai lembaga yang berwenang sebagai eksekutor terhadap putusan BASYARNAS.

The background of this research was Central Lombok experienced a decrease in unemployment, namely 2.44%. This reduction in the unemployment rate by the Village Government of Aikmual, Praya District can be overcome by welding training to village youth. It was made researcher known to find out the development communication carried out by the Aikmual Village Government in implementation of welding training. This is what makes researchers know to find out the development communication carried out by the Aikmual Village Government in implementing welding training. This type of research is qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The result of the research is that the implementation of development communication by the Aikmual Village Government applies four aspects, namely strength of the capacity of village youth, fairly and openly to the village youths to participate in activities, implementing controls empowerment through monitoring, and this activity is sustainable. The development, communication process in developing local communities involves aspects of the village government as a communicator or executor in program implementation, delivering development materials (training material), village youth as communicants, and the effects that village youths have after participating in treatment.

According to the results of studies of scientists researches publications over the past 30 years and empirical studies on the public procurement organization, it is distributed on electronic platforms. Attention is focused on the dynamic aspects of the of an such organization development. A review of studies on aspects of the effects of electronic public procurement on their impact on country budget expenditures is made.The interdisciplinary nature of publications on public procurement studied in the field of technology, management and social interaction is highlighted. Although electronic public procurement should be fairly widespread in the world, a form such as electronic auctions is not often used.The experience of Ukraine shows that electronic auctions have the potential to improve public procurement. It focuses on the development of partially automatic applications of electronic auctions, which can reduce the administrative costs of buyers and sellers, as well as the transaction costs of budgets in general. Reducing such costs is a significant addition to the savings in lowering prices during the electronic auction and is a significant factor in the effectiveness of modern electronic public procurement.The author's systematization of the components of the effectiveness of the electronic public procurement system is proposed, despite the fact that its calculation should be systematically automated. An algorithm is proposed for stimulating a responsible executor — budgetary institutions — as a result of effective budget procurement.The grounds have been formed for identifying elements of further modernization of public procurement using electronic auctions on an electronic platform as an effective tool in the field of preventing money laundering, proposals for a national financial audit of the relevant public procurement benchmarks on an electronic platform.

Cantrang is a section of seine nets which has been banned in all regions of Indonesia. However, this policy can stir to pros and cons due to implementation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the success of the stage and the effectiveness of policy implementation on cantrang prohibition in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation studies, next the policy implementation was reviewed by the mar-keting policy studies then for further analyze was using ambiguity-conflict matrix. The result of this research shows the unsuccessful of the policy marketing on implementing cantrang prohibition policy from policy ac-ceptance side and policy adoption, also on readiness strategy side is failed. Fisher community do not fulfil the policy and not become a part of it, hesitancy of local government as an executor of the policy, vertical conflict between fisherman and government. The analysis of ambiguity-conflict matrix gives the choice of effectiveness politic model implementation and experimentation, replace the administrative policy implementation. Effective but non-destructive fishing gear can be encouraged to be developed by the government through studies that in-volving all stakeholders including fisherman and academics. The government is also expected to replace the pro-hibition policy with a regulatory policy on the cantrang construction and capture area arrangement. In addition, the government is expected to create legal certainty in the field, so it may minimize the fisherman's conflicts and opposition to cantrang prohibition policies. Key words: fishing gear, IUU fishing, Lampung Bay, policy implementation, cantrang

A data analytics application submitted to a Spark cluster often has to finish executing by a specified time target. To use cluster resources effectively, the key challenge is having the ability to gain quick insights on how the execution time of any given application is likely to be impacted by the resources allocated to the application, e.g., the number of Spark executor cores assigned, and the size of the data to be processed. Such insights can be used to quickly estimate the required resources and configure a Spark application for a desired execution time using the least amount of resources. Our paper proposes an automated execution time estimation approach called PERIDOT that involves executing a given application under a fixed resource setting with two different-sized, small subsets of its input data to offer fast, lightweight execution time predictions. It analyzes logs from these two executions to estimate the dependencies between internal stages of the application. Information on these dependencies combined with knowledge of Spark's data partitioning mechanisms is used to derive an analytic model that can estimate execution times for other resource settings and input data sizes. Our results from a wide range of applications and multiple Spark clusters show that PERIDOT can accurately estimate the execution time of an application from limited historical data, and suggest the minimum amount of resources required to closely meet an execution time target.

The lecture is devoted to the provisions of Article 31 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Voluntary refusal of accomplices». The following issues are considered: the concept and general features of voluntary refusal of accomplices in a criminal offense; voluntary refusal of the executor (co-executor); voluntary refusal of the organizer, instigator and accomplice; voluntary refusal of a member of an organized group or criminal organization.

The article focuses on the work organization and work activities of merchants engaged in trade in the Asian direction during the 19th century. This topic has not yet been subject of special research in previous eras or in modern historiography. The daily business activity of merchants is studied here on the basis of published narratives of participants in the Asian caravan trade, also taking into consideration various articles and periodicals of the 19th century as well as archival documents. Work is conceived of as a special structured area of everyday life. The purpose of this contribution is to identify the specific features of everyday business activity of Orenburg entrepreneurs trading with Asia. The authors identify the main aspects of everyday business activity (behavior, life conditions and mentality), as well as its components: the conditions, motivation, goals, resources, and performed actions. The authors argue that the general circumstances of Asian trade were unfavorable before the 1870s, due not only to natural conditions and climate but also to the merchants' difficult relations with trade and ruling circles in the Central Asian states. The authors determine the complexity of merchant work in the area under study. Every merchant was simultaneously organizer and executor of caravan trade, and also acted as a controlling authority. These activities required the merchant to be independent, responsible, prudent and able to withstand physical hardship and psychological discomfort