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This article reports the results of a study of the permittivity å of modified sodium silicate compositions (SSC) as a function of their content of a modifying zinc-containing aqueous solution (zinc acetate) and the curing time of the compositions. The characteristic changes in the value of å are brought to light. It is shown that for the system under study the nature of the change in å corresponds to the nature of the change in the strength and water resistance of the modified samples, depending on the content of the modifier in the SSC. Based on the material presented herein the permittivity method of assessing structural changes, modified SSC, is characterized as a quick method for predicting the properties on physicochemical modification of sodium silicate materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstrak Rendemen tebu umumnya ditetapkan berdasarkan nilai rendemen sementara (RS) yang tidak akurat dan rumit bagi petani. Pendugaan rendemen tebu dengan metode biolistrik, berpeluang dikembangkan menjadi solusi yang mudah, praktis, dan cepat. Akan tetapi belum terstandarnya teknik persiapan sampel untuk pengukuran sifat biolistrik tebu masih menjadi kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan standar pengukuran sifat biolistrik dan memilih sifat biolistrik yang paling berkontribusi digunakan untuk prediksi rendemen tebu. Pengukuran biolistrik (impedansi, konstanta dielektrik, dan kapasitansi) dilakukan dengan variasi panjang sampel tebu, dan frekuensi pengukuran. Sebagai tambahan, pengaruh temperatur lingkungan juga dipertimbangkan sebagai faktor koreksi. Hasil pengukuran kemudian dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional pengukuran rendemen tebu. Dari hasil eksperimen direkomendasikan standar persiapan sampel tebu yakni dengan ukuran panjang 3 cm dan frekuensi pengukuran 1000 Hz untuk pengukuran sifat biolistrik tebu. Nilai kapasitansi berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai rendemen direkomendasikan sebagai variabel untuk mengembangkan pengukuran cepat rendemen tebu. Kata kunci: Tebu, sifat biolistrik, metode dielektrik, pengukuran cepat, rendemen Abstract Sugarcane yield is commonly determined based on the first yield (RS) which is inaccurate and considered as a complex method for the farmer. Prediction of sugarcane yield with bioelectric method have a potential to be developed as an easy, handy, and quick solution. However, unstandardized sample preparation techniques to measure bioelectrical of sugarcane still become a problem. This research aim is to determine measurement standard for bioelectric properties and select the most important properties for sugarcane yield prediction. Bioelectric properties (impedance, dielectric constant, and capacitance) measurement was carried out with variation of sample length and measurement frequency. Additionally, the effect of ambient temperature also considered as a correction factor. The results then was compared with the conventional method. The result recommend a preparation standard of sugarcane sample length is 3 cm with measurement frequency of 1000 Hz to measure the bioelectrical properties of sugarcane. The capacitance value correlated significantly to the yield that is recommeded as variable to develop rapid measurement of sugarcane yield. Keywords: Sugarcane, bioelectrical properties, dielectric method, rapid measurement, yield

After completing the production of preserved eggs, traditionally, the degree of gelling is judged by allowing workers to tap the preserved eggs with their fingers and sense the resulting oscillations. The amount of oscillation is used for the quality classification. This traditional method produces varying results owing to the differences in the sensitivity of the individual workers, who are not objective. In this study, dielectric detection technology was used to classify the preserved eggs nondestructively. The impedance in the frequency range of 2–300 kHz was resolved into resistance and reactance, and was plotted on a Nyquist diagram. Next, the diagram curve was fitted in order to obtain the equivalent circuit, and the difference in the compositions of the equivalent circuits corresponding to gelled and non-gelled preserved eggs was analyzed. A preserved egg can be considered an RLC series circuit, and its decay rate is consistent with the decay rate given by mechanical vibration theory. The Nyquist diagrams for the resistance and reactance of preserved eggs clearly showed that the resistance and reactance of gelled and non-gelled eggs were quite different, and the classification of the eggs was performed using Bayesian network (BN). The results showed that a BN classifier with two variables, i.e., resistance and reactance, can be used to classify preserved eggs as gelled or non-gelled, with an accuracy of 81.0% and a kappa value of 0.62. Thus, a BN classifier based on resistance and reactance demonstrates the ability to classify the quality of preserved egg gel. This research provides a nondestructive method for the inspection of the quality of preserved egg gel, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of an automated preserved egg inspection system that can be used as the scientific basis for the determination of the quality of preserved eggs.

The dielectric method to estimate soil moisture content is based in the existent closed relationship between dielectric permittivity and water content. The time-domain reflectometry (TDR) is an indirect technique to estimate the soil water content based on the mentioned relationship given by polynomials of different ranges inserted in the equipment. However, the absence of generalization of these models to transform the data of the sensors into readings of moisture content of different soils makes necessary the obtaining of the place-specific calibration curves. The objective of the present work consists on the calibration of a probe TDR 300 model 6430FS for its use in typical red Ferrallitic soils of Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After completing the production of preserved eggs, traditionally, the degree of gelling is judged by allowing workers to tap the preserved eggs with their fingers and sense the resulting oscillations. The amount of oscillation is used for the quality classification. This traditional method produces varying results owing to the differences in the sensitivity of the individual workers, who are not objective. In this study, dielectric detection technology was used to classify the preserved eggs nondestructively. The impedance in the frequency range of 2–300 kHz was resolved into resistance and reactance, and was plotted on a Nyquist diagram. Next, the diagram curve was fitted in order to obtain the equivalent circuit, and the difference in the compositions of the equivalent circuits corresponding to gelled and non-gelled preserved eggs was analyzed. A preserved egg can be considered an RLC series circuit, and its decay rate is consistent with the decay rate given by mechanical vibration theory. The Nyquist diagrams for the resistance and reactance of preserved eggs clearly showed that the resistance and reactance of gelled and non-gelled eggs were quite different, and the classification of the eggs was performed using Bayesian network (BN). The results showed that a BN classifier with two variables, i.e., resistance and reactance, can be used to classify preserved eggs as gelled or non-gelled, with an accuracy of 81.0% and a kappa value of 0.62. Thus, a BN classifier based on resistance and reactance demonstrates the ability to classify the quality of preserved egg gel. This research provides a nondestructive method for the inspection of the quality of preserved egg gel, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of an automated preserved egg inspection system that can be used as the scientific basis for the determination of the quality of preserved eggs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]