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Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), poses a significant global health threat, with a dramatic increase in cases driven by climate change, urbanization, and mosquito resistance. In Pakistan, a country with a population of 240 million, the world's fifth largest, dengue has emerged as an escalating public health crisis, with seasonal outbreaks severely straining the healthcare system. Despite decades of vector control efforts, there has not been much success, necessitating the introduction of dengue vaccination to boost population immunity. Recent advancements in vaccine development demonstrate promising efficacy and safety profiles, even in dengue-naive individuals. Implementing a dengue vaccination program in Pakistan could significantly reduce the disease burden, lower healthcare costs, and prevent future outbreaks. Integrating vaccination with existing public health initiatives can achieve high coverage and improve overall public health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), poses a significant global health threat, with a dramatic increase in cases driven by climate change, urbanization, and mosquito resistance. In Pakistan, a country with a population of 240 million, the world’s fifth largest, dengue has emerged as an escalating public health crisis, with seasonal outbreaks severely straining the healthcare system. Despite decades of vector control efforts, there has not been much success, necessitating the introduction of dengue vaccination to boost population immunity. Recent advancements in vaccine development demonstrate promising efficacy and safety profiles, even in dengue-naive individuals. Implementing a dengue vaccination program in Pakistan could significantly reduce the disease burden, lower healthcare costs, and prevent future outbreaks. Integrating vaccination with existing public health initiatives can achieve high coverage and improve overall public health outcomes.

Abstract A mathematical model of Dengue virus transmission between mosquitoes and humans, incorporating a control strategy of imperfect vaccination and vector maturation delay, is proposed in this paper. By using some analytical skills, we obtain the threshold conditions for the global attractiveness of two disease-free equilibria and prove the existence of a positive equilibrium for this model. Further, we investigate the sensitivity analysis of threshold conditions. Additionally, using the Pontryagin maximum principle, we obtain the optimal control strategy for the disease. Finally, numerical simulations are delivered to verify the correctness of the theoretical results, the feasibility of a vaccination control strategy, and the influences of the controlling parameters on the control and elimination of this disease. Theoretical results and numerical simulations show that the vaccination rate and effectiveness of vaccines are two key factors for the control of Dengue spread, and the manufacture of the Dengue vaccine is also architecturally significant.

A mathematical model of Dengue virus transmission between mosquitoes and humans, incorporating a control strategy of imperfect vaccination and vector maturation delay, is proposed in this paper. By using some analytical skills, we obtain the threshold conditions for the global attractiveness of two disease-free equilibria and prove the existence of a positive equilibrium for this model. Further, we investigate the sensitivity analysis of threshold conditions. Additionally, using the Pontryagin maximum principle, we obtain the optimal control strategy for the disease. Finally, numerical simulations are delivered to verify the correctness of the theoretical results, the feasibility of a vaccination control strategy, and the influences of the controlling parameters on the control and elimination of this disease. Theoretical results and numerical simulations show that the vaccination rate and effectiveness of vaccines are two key factors for the control of Dengue spread, and the manufacture of the Dengue vaccine is also architecturally significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dengue is a vector-borne disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV) and is a major health concern worldwide, particularly in regions of endemic disease. Dengue usually presents as a self-limited febrile illness. In some cases, more severe forms with hemorrhage and shock can occur, and children are especially prone to develop it. These forms can be lethal without appropriate management, and no antiviral treatment exists today. In the absence of a curative treatment for dengue, its clinical prevention remains essential. One vaccine - the chimeric yellow fever-dengue-tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) - has been approved for use in some populations, and several others are currently in development, including Takeda's tetravalent dengue vaccine candidate (TAK-003). This study is a systematic review of the current literature realized to evaluate the efficacy of the dengue vaccines in preventing severe dengue in children. This review focuses on the vaccines CYD-TDV and TAK-003. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were the databases used to find the relevant data. The articles were selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, and quality appraisal was realized with standardized quality assessment tools. Overall, our study shows that the dengue vaccines CYD-TDV and TAK-003 confer protection against severe dengue in children. Some distinctions exist depending on the vaccine type, the age, and the dengue serostatus of patients. While demonstrating encouraging results, this review also emphasizes the need for more in-depth studies about the safety and efficacy of dengue vaccines., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2022, Foucambert et al.)