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1. A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height

Author

Yengo, Loïc, Vedantam, Sailaja, Marouli, Eirini, Sidorenko, Julia, Bartell, Eric, Sakaue, Saori, Graff, Marielisa, Eliasen, Anders U., Jiang, Yunxuan, Raghavan, Sridharan, Miao, Jenkai, Arias, Joshua D., Graham, Sarah E., Mukamel, Ronen E., Spracklen, Cassandra N., Yin, Xianyong, Chen, Shyh-Huei, Ferreira, Teresa, Highland, Heather H., Ji, Yingjie, Karaderi, Tugce, Lin, Kuang, Lüll, Kreete, Malden, Deborah E., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Machado, Moara, Moore, Amy, Rüeger, Sina, Sim, Xueling, Vrieze, Scott, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Akiyama, Masato, Allison, Matthew A., Alvarez, Marcus, Andersen, Mette K., Ani, Alireza, Appadurai, Vivek, Arbeeva, Liubov, Bhaskar, Seema, Bielak, Lawrence F., Bollepalli, Sailalitha, Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Bradfield, Jonathan P., Bradford, Yuki, Braund, Peter S., Brody, Jennifer A., Burgdorf, Kristoffer S., Cade, Brian E., Cai, Hui, Cai, Qiuyin, Campbell, Archie, Cañadas-Garre, Marisa, Catamo, Eulalia, Chai, Jin-Fang, Chai, Xiaoran, Chang, Li-Ching, Chang, Yi-Cheng, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Chesi, Alessandra, Choi, Seung Hoan, Chung, Ren-Hua, Cocca, Massimiliano, Concas, Maria Pina, Couture, Christian, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Danning, Rebecca, Daw, E. Warwick, Degenhard, Frauke, Delgado, Graciela E., Delitala, Alessandro, Demirkan, Ayse, Deng, Xuan, Devineni, Poornima, Dietl, Alexander, Dimitriou, Maria, Dimitrov, Latchezar, Dorajoo, Rajkumar, Ekici, Arif B., Engmann, Jorgen E., Fairhurst-Hunter, Zammy, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Faul, Jessica D., Fernandez-Lopez, Juan-Carlos, Forer, Lukas, Francescatto, Margherita, Freitag-Wolf, Sandra, Fuchsberger, Christian, Galesloot, Tessel E., Gao, Yan, Gao, Zishan, Geller, Frank, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Giulianini, Franco, Gjesing, Anette P., Goel, Anuj, Gordon, Scott D., Gorski, Mathias, Grove, Jakob, Guo, Xiuqing, Gustafsson, Stefan, Haessler, Jeffrey, Hansen, Thomas F., Havulinna, Aki S., Haworth, Simon J., He, Jing, Heard-Costa, Nancy, Hebbar, Prashantha, Hindy, George, Ho, Yuk-Lam A., Hofer, Edith, Holliday, Elizabeth, Horn, Katrin, Hornsby, Whitney E., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Huang, Hongyan, Huang, Jie, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Huffman, Jennifer E., Hung, Yi-Jen, Huo, Shaofeng, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Iha, Hiroyuki, Ikeda, Daisuke D., Isono, Masato, Jackson, Anne U., Jäger, Susanne, Jansen, Iris E., Johansson, Ingegerd, Jonas, Jost B., Jonsson, Anna, Jørgensen, Torben, Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota, Kanai, Masahiro, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kårhus, Line L., Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Kember, Rachel L., Kentistou, Katherine A., Kim, Han-Na, Kim, Young Jin, Kleber, Marcus E., Knol, Maria J., Kurbasic, Azra, Lauzon, Marie, Le, Phuong, Lea, Rodney, Lee, Jong-Young, Leonard, Hampton L., Li, Shengchao A., Li, Xiaohui, Li, Xiaoyin, Liang, Jingjing, Lin, Honghuang, Lin, Shih-Yi, Liu, Jun, Liu, Xueping, Lo, Ken Sin, Long, Jirong, Lores-Motta, Laura, Luan, Jian’an, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Mahajan, Anubha, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Mangino, Massimo, Manichaikul, Ani, Marten, Jonathan, Mattheisen, Manuel, Mavarani, Laven, McDaid, Aaron F., Meidtner, Karina, Melendez, Tori L., Mercader, Josep M., Milaneschi, Yuri, Miller, Jason E., Millwood, Iona Y., Mishra, Pashupati P., Mitchell, Ruth E., Møllehave, Line T., Morgan, Anna, Mucha, Soeren, Munz, Matthias, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Nelson, Christopher P., Nethander, Maria, Nho, Chu Won, Nielsen, Aneta A., Nolte, Ilja M., Nongmaithem, Suraj S., Noordam, Raymond, Ntalla, Ioanna, Nutile, Teresa, Pandit, Anita, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Pärna, Katri, Pauper, Marc, Petersen, Eva R. B., Petersen, Liselotte V., Pitkänen, Niina, Polašek, Ozren, Poveda, Alaitz, Preuss, Michael H., Pyarajan, Saiju, Raffield, Laura M., Rakugi, Hiromi, Ramirez, Julia, Rasheed, Asif, Raven, Dennis, Rayner, Nigel W., Riveros, Carlos, Rohde, Rebecca, Ruggiero, Daniela, Ruotsalainen, Sanni E., Ryan, Kathleen A., Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Saxena, Richa, Scholz, Markus, Sendamarai, Anoop, Shen, Botong, Shi, Jingchunzi, Shin, Jae Hun, Sidore, Carlo, Sitlani, Colleen M., Slieker, Roderick C., Smit, Roelof A. J., Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Smyth, Laura J., Southam, Lorraine, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Sun, Liang, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Tallapragada, Divya Sri Priyanka, Taylor, Kent D., Tayo, Bamidele O., Tcheandjieu, Catherine, Terzikhan, Natalie, Tesolin, Paola, Teumer, Alexander, Theusch, Elizabeth, Thompson, Deborah J., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Timmers, Paul R. H. J., Trompet, Stella, Turman, Constance, Vaccargiu, Simona, van der Laan, Sander W., van der Most, Peter J., van Klinken, Jan B., van Setten, Jessica, Verma, Shefali S., Verweij, Niek, Veturi, Yogasudha, Wang, Carol A., Wang, Chaolong, Wang, Lihua, Wang, Zhe, Warren, Helen R., Bin Wei, Wen, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R., Wielscher, Matthias, Wiggins, Kerri L., Winsvold, Bendik S., Wong, Andrew, Wu, Yang, Wuttke, Matthias, Xia, Rui, Xie, Tian, Yamamoto, Ken, Yang, Jingyun, Yao, Jie, Young, Hannah, Yousri, Noha A., Yu, Lei, Zeng, Lingyao, Zhang, Weihua, Zhang, Xinyuan, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zimmermann, Martina E., Zoledziewska, Magdalena, Adair, Linda S., Adams, Hieab H. H., Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Al-Mulla, Fahd, Arnett, Donna K., Asselbergs, Folkert W., Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Attia, John, Banas, Bernhard, Bandinelli, Stefania, Bennett, David A., Bergler, Tobias, Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Biino, Ginevra, Bisgaard, Hans, Boerwinkle, Eric, Böger, Carsten A., Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boomsma, Dorret I., Børglum, Anders D., Borja, Judith B., Bouchard, Claude, Bowden, Donald W., Brandslund, Ivan, Brumpton, Ben, Buring, Julie E., Caulfield, Mark J., Chambers, John C., Chandak, Giriraj R., Chanock, Stephen J., Chaturvedi, Nish, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Christophersen, Ingrid E., Ciullo, Marina, Cole, John W., Collins, Francis S., Cooper, Richard S., Cruz, Miguel, Cucca, Francesco, Cupples, L. Adrienne, Cutler, Michael J., Damrauer, Scott M., Dantoft, Thomas M., de Borst, Gert J., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., De Jager, Philip L., de Kleijn, Dominique P. V., Janaka de Silva, H., Dedoussis, George V., den Hollander, Anneke I., Du, Shufa, Easton, Douglas F., Elders, Petra J. M., Eliassen, A. Heather, Ellinor, Patrick T., Elmståhl, Sölve, Erdmann, Jeanette, Evans, Michele K., Fatkin, Diane, Feenstra, Bjarke, Feitosa, Mary F., Ferrucci, Luigi, Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franke, Andre, Franks, Paul W., Freedman, Barry I., Gasparini, Paolo, Gieger, Christian, Girotto, Giorgia, Goddard, Michael E., Golightly, Yvonne M., Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Grallert, Harald, Grant, Struan F. A., Grarup, Niels, Griffiths, Lyn, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Haiman, Christopher, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hansen, Torben, Hartman, Catharina A., Hattersley, Andrew T., Hayward, Caroline, Heckbert, Susan R., Heng, Chew-Kiat, Hengstenberg, Christian, Hewitt, Alex W., Hishigaki, Haretsugu, Hoyng, Carel B., Huang, Paul L., Huang, Wei, Hunt, Steven C., Hveem, Kristian, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Ichihara, Sahoko, Ikram, M. Arfan, Isasi, Carmen R., Jackson, Rebecca D., Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jin, Zi-Bing, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joshi, Peter K., Jousilahti, Pekka, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kähönen, Mika, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kang, Kui Dong, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karpe, Fredrik, Kato, Norihiro, Kee, Frank, Kessler, Thorsten, Khera, Amit V., Khor, Chiea Chuen, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kim, Bong-Jo, Kim, Eung Kweon, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Kirchhof, Paulus, Kivimaki, Mika, Koh, Woon-Puay, Koistinen, Heikki A., Kolovou, Genovefa D., Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Köttgen, Anna, Kovacs, Peter, Kraaijeveld, Adriaan, Kraft, Peter, Krauss, Ronald M., Kumari, Meena, Kutalik, Zoltan, Laakso, Markku, Lange, Leslie A., Langenberg, Claudia, Launer, Lenore J., Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Hyejin, Lee, Nanette R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Huaixing, Li, Liming, Lieb, Wolfgang, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jianjun, Loeffler, Markus, London, Barry, Lubitz, Steven A., Lye, Stephen J., Mackey, David A., Mägi, Reedik, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Marcus, Gregory M., Vidal, Pedro Marques, Martin, Nicholas G., März, Winfried, Matsuda, Fumihiko, McGarrah, Robert W., McGue, Matt, McKnight, Amy Jayne, Medland, Sarah E., Mellström, Dan, Metspalu, Andres, Mitchell, Braxton D., Mitchell, Paul, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Morris, Andrew D., Mucci, Lorelei A., Munroe, Patricia B., Nalls, Mike A., Nazarian, Saman, Nelson, Amanda E., Neville, Matt J., Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Nielsen, Christopher S., Nöthen, Markus M., Ohlsson, Claes, Oldehinkel, Albertine J., Orozco, Lorena, Pahkala, Katja, Pajukanta, Päivi, Palmer, Colin N. A., Parra, Esteban J., Pattaro, Cristian, Pedersen, Oluf, Pennell, Craig E., Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perusse, Louis, Peters, Annette, Peyser, Patricia A., Porteous, David J., Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Chris, Pramstaller, Peter P., Province, Michael A., Qi, Qibin, Qu, Jia, Rader, Daniel J., Raitakari, Olli T., Ralhan, Sarju, Rallidis, Loukianos S., Rao, Dabeeru C., Redline, Susan, Reilly, Dermot F., Reiner, Alexander P., Rhee, Sang Youl, Ridker, Paul M., Rienstra, Michiel, Ripatti, Samuli, Ritchie, Marylyn D., Roden, Dan M., Rosendaal, Frits R., Rotter, Jerome I., Rudan, Igor, Rutters, Femke, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Saleheen, Danish, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sanghera, Dharambir K., Sattar, Naveed, Schmidt, Börge, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schulze, Matthias B., Schunkert, Heribert, Scott, Laura J., Scott, Rodney J., Sever, Peter, Shiroma, Eric J., Shoemaker, M. Benjamin, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simonsick, Eleanor M., Sims, Mario, Singh, Jai Rup, Singleton, Andrew B., Sinner, Moritz F., Smith, J. Gustav, Snieder, Harold, Spector, Tim D., Stampfer, Meir J., Stark, Klaus J., Strachan, David P., ‘t Hart, Leen M., Tabara, Yasuharu, Tang, Hua, Tardif, Jean-Claude, Thanaraj, Thangavel A., Timpson, Nicholas J., Tönjes, Anke, Tremblay, Angelo, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tusié-Luna, Maria-Teresa, Uitterlinden, Andre G., van Dam, Rob M., van der Harst, Pim, Van der Velde, Nathalie, van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Schoor, Natasja M., Vitart, Veronique, Völker, Uwe, Vollenweider, Peter, Völzke, Henry, Wacher-Rodarte, Niels H., Walker, Mark, Wang, Ya Xing, Wareham, Nicholas J., Watanabe, Richard M., Watkins, Hugh, Weir, David R., Werge, Thomas M., Widen, Elisabeth, Wilkens, Lynne R., Willemsen, Gonneke, Willett, Walter C., Wilson, James F., Wong, Tien-Yin, Woo, Jeong-Taek, Wright, Alan F., Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Xu, Huichun, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S., Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Yuan, Jian-Min, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zemel, Babette S., Zheng, Wei, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Zmuda, Joseph M., Zonderman, Alan B., Zwart, John-Anker, Chasman, Daniel I., Cho, Yoon Shin, Heid, Iris M., McCarthy, Mark I., Ng, Maggie C. Y., O’Donnell, Christopher J., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Sun, Yan V., Tai, E. Shyong, Boehnke, Michael, Deloukas, Panos, Justice, Anne E., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Loos, Ruth J. F., Mohlke, Karen L., North, Kari E., Stefansson, Kari, Walters, Robin G., Winkler, Thomas W., Young, Kristin L., Loh, Po-Ru, Yang, Jian, Esko, Tõnu, Assimes, Themistocles L., Auton, Adam, Abecasis, Goncalo R., Willer, Cristen J., Locke, Adam E., Berndt, Sonja I., Lettre, Guillaume, Frayling, Timothy M., Okada, Yukinori, Wood, Andrew R., Visscher, Peter M., and Hirschhorn, Joel N.

Published
2022
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4. Genome-wide meta-analysis of muscle weakness identifies 15 susceptibility loci in older men and women

Author

Jones, Garan, Trajanoska, Katerina, Santanasto, Adam J., Stringa, Najada, Kuo, Chia-Ling, Atkins, Janice L., Lewis, Joshua R., Duong, ThuyVy, Hong, Shengjun, Biggs, Mary L., Luan, Jian’an, Sarnowski, Chloe, Lunetta, Kathryn L., Tanaka, Toshiko, Wojczynski, Mary K., Cvejkus, Ryan, Nethander, Maria, Ghasemi, Sahar, Yang, Jingyun, Zillikens, M. Carola, Walter, Stefan, Sicinski, Kamil, Kague, Erika, Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl L., Arking, Dan E., Windham, B. Gwen, Boerwinkle, Eric, Grove, Megan L., Graff, Misa, Spira, Dominik, Demuth, Ilja, van der Velde, Nathalie, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Psaty, Bruce M., Odden, Michelle C., Fohner, Alison E., Langenberg, Claudia, Wareham, Nicholas J., Bandinelli, Stefania, van Schoor, Natasja M., Huisman, Martijn, Tan, Qihua, Zmuda, Joseph, Mellström, Dan, Karlsson, Magnus, Bennett, David A., Buchman, Aron S., De Jager, Philip L., Uitterlinden, Andre G., Völker, Uwe, Kocher, Thomas, Teumer, Alexander, Rodriguéz-Mañas, Leocadio, García, Francisco J., Carnicero, José A., Herd, Pamela, Bertram, Lars, Ohlsson, Claes, Murabito, Joanne M., Melzer, David, Kuchel, George A., Ferrucci, Luigi, Karasik, David, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Kiel, Douglas P., and Pilling, Luke C.

Published
2021
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6. Genetic basis of falling risk susceptibility in the UK Biobank Study

Author

Trajanoska, Katerina, Seppala, Lotta J., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Zhou, Sirui, van Schoor, Natasja M., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Karasik, David, Richards, J. Brent, Kiel, Douglas P., Uitterlinden, Andre G., Perry, John R. B., van der Velde, Nathalie, Day, Felix R., and Rivadeneira, Fernando

Published
2020
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7. The Nutritional Benefit of UV-Exposed Mushrooms for the Dutch Population: Modeling the Addition of UV-Exposed Mushrooms to the Diet.

Author

Bechraki, Lydia, van den Heuvel, Ellen G. H. M., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., and Groenendijk, Inge

Subjects
FOOD consumption, MICRONUTRIENTS, VITAMIN B2, NUTRITIONAL status, NUTRITION surveys, MUSHROOMS, CULTIVATED mushroom, DIET
Abstract

Background: Mushrooms are rich in fiber and vitamins B and vitamin D when exposed to UV light and are sometimes used as a meat substitute. A modeling study showed that adding a mushroom portion (84 g/d) to the diet of an American population caused a significant improvement in the intake of several nutrients. Objective: To study the association between habitual intake of mushrooms and nutrient intake and to assess the change in micronutrient intake with the modeled addition of 60 or 84 grams of UV-exposed mushrooms to the diet of the Dutch population, with a subanalysis on subjects with a low animal: plant protein ratio. Methods: A modeling study was conducted in 3121 Dutch persons aged 9-80 y, using cross-sectional data from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2012-2016. Linear regression was used to explore the association between habitual intake of mushrooms and nutrients. Habitual intake and nutritional adequacy were calculated before and after the modeled addition of mushrooms. Results: A small association was observed between the habitual intake of mushrooms and the intake of copper, niacin, and vitamin B2 (beta ranging from 0.002 to 0.039). The modeled addition of UV-exposed mushrooms increased the intakes of plant protein (by 5-7%), fiber (4-6%), niacin (10-20%), vitamin D (176-388%), folate (11-17%), potassium (6-10%), and copper (29-48%). Nutritional adequacy also improved significantly. For subjects with a low animal:plant protein ratio, the added mushrooms increased the intakes of niacin (11-22%), potassium (6-11%), and vitamin D (190-445%). Conclusions: Consumption of mushrooms contributes to higher intakes of copper, niacin, and vitamin B2. Addition of UV-exposed mushrooms to the diet of the Dutch further improves nutrient intakes and, most notably, vitamin D, especially for people with low animal food consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. Effects of Nutritional Interventions in Older Adults with Malnutrition or at Risk of Malnutrition on Muscle Strength and Mortality: Results of Pooled Analyses of Individual Participant Data from Nine RCTs

Author

van Zwienen-Pot, Judith I., primary, Reinders, Ilse, additional, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., additional, Beck, Anne Marie, additional, Feldblum, Ilana, additional, Jobse, Inken, additional, Neelemaat, Floor, additional, de van der Schueren, Marian A. E., additional, Shahar, Danit R., additional, Smeets, Ellen T. H. C., additional, Tieland, Michael, additional, Wijnhoven, Hanneke A. H., additional, Volkert, Dorothee, additional, and Visser, Marjolein, additional

Published
2023
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11. Joint sequencing of human and pathogen genomes reveals the genetics of pneumococcal meningitis

Author

Lees, John A., Ferwerda, Bart, Kremer, Philip H. C., Wheeler, Nicole E., Serón, Mercedes Valls, Croucher, Nicholas J., Gladstone, Rebecca A., Bootsma, Hester J., Rots, Nynke Y., Wijmega-Monsuur, Alienke J., Sanders, Elisabeth A. M., Trzciński, Krzysztof, Wyllie, Anne L., Zwinderman, Aeilko H., van den Berg, Leonard H., van Rheenen, Wouter, Veldink, Jan H., Harboe, Zitta B., Lundbo, Lene F., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., van Schoor, Natasja M., van der Velde, Nathalie, Ängquist, Lars H., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Nohr, Ellen A., Mentzer, Alexander J., Mills, Tara C., Knight, Julian C., du Plessis, Mignon, Nzenze, Susan, Weiser, Jeffrey N., Parkhill, Julian, Madhi, Shabir, Benfield, Thomas, von Gottberg, Anne, van der Ende, Arie, Brouwer, Matthijs C., Barrett, Jeffrey C., Bentley, Stephen D., and van de Beek, Diederik

Published
2019
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12. PLIS: A metabolomic response monitor to a lifestyle intervention study in older adults

Author

Bogaards, Fatih A., Gehrmann, Thies, Beekman, Marian, van den Akker, Erik Ben, van de Rest, Ondine, Hangelbroek, Roland W. J., Noordam, Raymond, Mooijaart, Simon P., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Reinders, Marcel J. T., and Slagboom, P. Eline

Subjects
Male, Nutrition and Disease, Biochemistry, Voeding, Metabolisme en Genomica, Voeding, Voeding en Ziekte, OT BVG/MNH/MDS, Genetics, Humans, Insulin, Life Science, Obesity, Life Style, Molecular Biology, Aged, Nutrition, VLAG, Cholesterol, HDL, lifestyle intervention, bioinformatics, response monitor, metabolomics, Metabolism and Genomics, Nutritional Biology, machine learning, Metabolisme en Genomica, Female, Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics, healthy ageing, Biomarkers, Biotechnology
Abstract

The response to lifestyle intervention studies is often heterogeneous, especially in older adults. Subtle responses that may represent a health gain for individuals are not always detected by classical health variables, stressing the need for novel biomarkers that detect intermediate changes in metabolic, inflammatory, and immunity-related health. Here, our aim was to develop and validate a molecular multivariate biomarker maximally sensitive to the individual effect of a lifestyle intervention; the Personalized Lifestyle Intervention Status (PLIS). We used 1 H-NMR fasting blood metabolite measurements from before and after the 13-week combined physical and nutritional Growing Old TOgether (GOTO) lifestyle intervention study in combination with a fivefold cross-validation and a bootstrapping method to train a separate PLIS score for men and women. The PLIS scores consisted of 14 and four metabolites for females and males, respectively. Performance of the PLIS score in tracking health gain was illustrated by association of the sex-specific PLIS scores with several classical metabolic health markers, such as BMI, trunk fat%, fasting HDL cholesterol, and fasting insulin, the primary outcome of the GOTO study. We also showed that the baseline PLIS score indicated which participants respond positively to the intervention. Finally, we explored PLIS in an independent physical activity lifestyle intervention study, showing similar, albeit remarkably weaker, associations of PLIS with classical metabolic health markers. To conclude, we found that the sex-specific PLIS score was able to track the individual short-term metabolic health gain of the GOTO lifestyle intervention study. The methodology used to train the PLIS score potentially provides a useful instrument to track personal responses and predict the participant's health benefit in lifestyle interventions similar to the GOTO study.

Published
2022

13. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of coronary artery disease and periodontitis reveals a novel shared risk locus

Author

Munz, Matthias, Richter, Gesa M., Loos, Bruno G., Jepsen, Søren, Divaris, Kimon, Offenbacher, Steven, Teumer, Alexander, Holtfreter, Birte, Kocher, Thomas, Bruckmann, Corinna, Jockel-Schneider, Yvonne, Graetz, Christian, Munoz, Loreto, Bhandari, Anita, Tennstedt, Stephanie, Staufenbiel, Ingmar, van der Velde, Nathalie, Uitterlinden, André G., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Wellmann, Jürgen, Berger, Klaus, Krone, Bastian, Hoffmann, Per, Laudes, Matthias, Lieb, Wolfgang, Franke, Andre, Dommisch, Henrik, Erdmann, Jeanette, and Schaefer, Arne S.

Published
2018
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15. PROtein enriched MEDiterranean diet to combat undernutrition and promote healthy neuroCOGnitive ageing in older adults: The PROMED‐COG consortium project

Author

O'Neill, Roisin F, Brennan, Lorraine, Prinelli, Federica, Sergi, Giuseppe, Trevisan, Caterina, De Groot, Lisette C P G M, Volkert, Dorothee, Maggi, Stefania, Noale, Marianna, Conti, Silvia, Adorni, Fulvio, Woodside, Jayne V, Mckinley, Michelle C, Mcguinness, Bernadette, Cardwell, Chris, and Mcevoy, Claire T

Subjects
Aging, Malnutrition, physical activity, mediterranean diet, neurocognitive ageing, Diet, Mediterranean, Nutritional Biology, NO, protein enrichment, undernutrition, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Weight Loss, mediterranean diet, neurocognitive ageing, physical activity, protein enrichment, undernutrition, Humans, Life Science, Dementia, SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, VLAG, Aged
Abstract

Dementia is a major public health challenge owing to its increasing prevalence and recognised impact on disability among older adults. Observational data indicate that weight loss is associated with increased dementia risk of 30%–40% and precedes a diagnosis of cognitive impairment or dementia by at least one decade. Although relatively little is known about the mechanisms of unintentional weight loss in dementia, this provides a window of opportunity to intervene with strategies to counteract undernutrition and delay, or prevent, the onset of dementia. This article provides an overview of the PROMED-COG project and associated work packages. The project aimes to (1) strengthen the epidemiologic evidence to better understand the potential benefits of combating undernutrition for healthy neurocognitive ageing; (2) increase scientific knowledge on the balance between a protein enriched Mediterranean diet (PROMED) and physical exercise to prevent undernutrition and promote healthy neurocognitive ageing, and generate data on mechanistic pathways; (3) stimulate collaboration and capacity building for nutrition and neurocognitive ageing research in Europe; and (4) develop public and practice recommendations to combat undernutrition and promote healthy neurocognitive ageing in older adults. Findings will provide new and critical insights into the role of undernutrition in neurocognitive ageing, how this role can differ by sex, genetic risk and timing of undernutrition exposure, and how modifications of dietary and physical activity behaviour can reduce the burden of undernutrition and neurodegeneration. The research outcomes will be useful to inform policy and practice about the dietary guidelines of older people and provide insight to industry for the development of food-based solutions to prevent undernutrition.

Published
2022

17. DHA status influences effects of B-vitamin supplementation on cognitive ageing : a post-hoc analysis of the B-proof trial

Author

van Soest, Annick P. M., van de Rest, Ondine, Witkamp, Renger F., Cederholm, Tommy, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., van Soest, Annick P. M., van de Rest, Ondine, Witkamp, Renger F., Cederholm, Tommy, and de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.

Abstract

Purpose Trials aiming to lower homocysteine by B-vitamin supplementation have reported mixed results on slowing cognitive decline. We investigated if efficacy of B-vitamin supplementation is affected by baseline plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels. Methods This post-hoc analysis of the B-proof trial included 191 adults aged 65 years or older with baseline plasma total homocysteine >= 12 mu mol/L, randomly assigned to 400 mu g folic acid and 500 mu g vitamin B12 or placebo daily for 2 years. Global and domain-specific cognitive functioning were assessed at baseline and after 2 years. The effect of B-vitamin supplementation was analyzed according to tertiles of baseline plasma omega-3 fatty acids concentrations combined, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) individually using multiple linear regression analyses. Results The mean +/- SD age of the participants was 71.6 +/- 5.9 years and median [IQR] Mini-Mental State Examination was 29 [28-30]. The treatment effect of B-vitamins on global cognition was larger in participants in the high compared to the middle DHA tertile (difference in z-score, mean +/- SE 0.22 +/- 0.10, p = 0.03). There was no significant interaction between B-vitamin supplementation and combined omega-3 fatty acid (p = 0.49) and EPA (p = 0.99) tertiles. Similarly, the efficacy of B-vitamin treatment on domain-specific cognitive functioning did not link to omega-3 fatty acid, DHA, or EPA plasma levels. Conclusion This post-hoc analysis indicated that efficacy of B-vitamin supplementation in slowing cognitive decline relates to DHA status, with individuals with higher plasma DHA levels benefitting more from vitamin B12 and folic acid use. The results support earlier observations that positive effects of B-vitamins in cognitive ageing may be subgroup-specific.

Published
2022
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22. Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to the Ingestion of a Plant-Derived Protein Blend Does Not Differ from an Equivalent Amount of Milk Protein in Healthy Young Males.

Author

Pinckaers, Philippe J M, Kouw, Imre W K, Gorissen, Stefan H M, Houben, Lisanne H P, Senden, Joan M, Wodzig, Will K H W, de Groot, Lisette C P G M, Verdijk, Lex B, Snijders, Tim, and van Loon, Luc J C

Subjects
MUSCLE proteins, SYNTHETIC proteins, MILK proteins, ARTIFICIAL muscles, ESSENTIAL amino acids, MILK, INGESTION
Abstract

Background Plant-derived proteins are considered to have lesser anabolic properties when compared with animal-derived proteins. The attenuated rise in muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of plant-derived compared with animal-derived protein has been, at least partly, attributed to deficiencies in specific amino acids such as leucine, lysine, and/or methionine. Combining different plant-derived proteins could provide plant-derived protein blends with a more balanced amino acid profile. Objectives This study aimed to compare postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates following the ingestion of 30 g milk protein with a 30 g blend combining wheat, corn, and pea protein in healthy young men. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design, 24 young males (aged 24 ± 4 y) received a primed continuous l -[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine infusion after which they ingested 30 g milk protein (MILK) or a 30 g plant-derived protein blend combining 15 g wheat, 7.5 g corn, and 7.5 g pea protein (PLANT-BLEND). Blood and muscle biopsies were collected frequently for 5 h to assess postprandial plasma amino acid profiles (secondary outcome) and subsequent muscle protein synthesis rates (primary outcome). Data were analyzed by 2-factor repeated measures ANOVA and 2-samples t tests. Results MILK increased plasma essential amino acid concentrations more than PLANT-BLEND over the 5 h postprandial period (incremental AUC = 151 ± 31 compared with 79 ± 12 mmol·300 min·L−1, respectively; P  < 0.001). Ingestion of both MILK and PLANT-BLEND increased myofibrillar protein synthesis rates (P  < 0.001), with no significant differences between treatments (0.053 ± 0.013%/h and 0.064 ± 0.016%/h, respectively; P  = 0.08). Conclusions Ingestion of 30 g plant-derived protein blend combining wheat-, corn-, and pea-derived protein increases muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy young males. The muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 30 g of this plant-derived protein blend does not differ from the ingestion of an equivalent amount of a high-quality animal-derived protein. Clinical trial registry number for Nederlands Trial Register: NTR6548 (https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NTR6548). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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23. Whole-genome sequencing identifies EN1 as a determinant of bone density and fracture

Author

Zheng, Hou-Feng, Forgetta, Vincenzo, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Estrada, Karol, Rosello-Diez, Alberto, Leo, Paul J., Dahia, Chitra L., Park-Min, Kyung Hyun, Tobias, Jonathan H., Kooperberg, Charles, Kleinman, Aaron, Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, Liu, Ching-Ti, Uggla, Charlotta, Evans, Daniel S., Nielson, Carrie M., Walter, Klaudia, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, McCarthy, Shane, Eriksson, Joel, Kwan, Tony, Jhamai, Mila, Trajanoska, Katerina, Memari, Yasin, Min, Josine, Huang, Jie, Danecek, Petr, Wilmot, Beth, Li, Rui, Chou, Wen-Chi, Mokry, Lauren E., Moayyeri, Alireza, Claussnitzer, Melina, Cheng, Chia-Ho, Cheung, Warren, Medina-Gómez, Carolina, Ge, Bing, Chen, Shu-Huang, Choi, Kwangbom, Oei, Ling, Fraser, James, Kraaij, Robert, Hibbs, Matthew A., Gregson, Celia L., Paquette, Denis, Hofman, Albert, Wibom, Carl, Tranah, Gregory J., Marshall, Mhairi, Gardiner, Brooke B., Cremin, Katie, Auer, Paul, Hsu, Li, Ring, Sue, Tung, Joyce Y., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Enneman, Anke W., van Schoor, Natasja M., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., van der Velde, Nathalie, Melin, Beatrice, Kemp, John P., Christiansen, Claus, Sayers, Adrian, Zhou, Yanhua, Calderari, Sophie, van Rooij, Jeroen, Carlson, Chris, Peters, Ulrike, Berlivet, Soizik, Dostie, Josée, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Williams, Stephen R., Farber, Charles, Grinberg, Daniel, LaCroix, Andrea Z., Haessler, Jeff, Chasman, Daniel I., Giulianini, Franco, Rose, Lynda M., Ridker, Paul M., Eisman, John A., Nguyen, Tuan V., Center, Jacqueline R., Nogues, Xavier, Garcia-Giralt, Natalia, Launer, Lenore L., Gudnason, Vilmunder, Mellström, Dan, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Amin, Najaf, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Karlsson, Magnus K., Ljunggren, Östen, Svensson, Olle, Hallmans, Göran, Rousseau, François, Giroux, Sylvie, Bussière, Johanne, Arp, Pascal P., Koromani, Fjorda, Prince, Richard L., Lewis, Joshua R., Langdahl, Bente L., Hermann, Pernille A., Jensen, Jens-Erik B., Kaptoge, Stephen, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Reeve, Jonathan, Formosa, Melissa M., Xuereb-Anastasi, Angela, Åkesson, Kristina, McGuigan, Fiona E., Garg, Gaurav, Olmos, Jose M., Zarrabeitia, Maria T., Riancho, Jose A., Ralston, Stuart H., Alonso, Nerea, Jiang, Xi, Goltzman, David, Pastinen, Tomi, Grundberg, Elin, Gauguier, Dominique, Orwoll, Eric S., Karasik, David, Davey-Smith, George, Smith, Albert V., Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Harris, Tamara B., Zillikens, Carola M., van Meurs, Joyce B. J., Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Maurano, Matthew T., Timpson, Nicholas J., Soranzo, Nicole, Durbin, Richard, Wilson, Scott G., Ntzani, Evangelia E., Brown, Matthew A., Stefansson, Kari, Hinds, David A., Spector, Tim, Cupples, Adrienne L., Ohlsson, Claes, Greenwood, Celia M. T., Jackson, Rebecca D., Rowe, David W., Loomis, Cynthia A., Evans, David M., Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl L., Joyner, Alexandra L., Duncan, Emma L., Kiel, Douglas P., Rivadeneira, Fernando, and Richards, Brent J.

Published
2015
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24. Non-linear associations between serum 25-OH vitamin D and indices of arterial stiffness and arteriosclerosis in an older population

Author

van Dijk, Suzanne C., Sohl, Evelien, Oudshoorn, Christian, Enneman, Anke W., Ham, Annelies C., Swart, Karin M. A., van Wijngaarden, Janneke P., Brouwer-Brolsma, Elske M., van der Zwaluw, Nikita L., Uitterlinden, Andre G., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Dhonukshe-Rutten, Rosalie A. M., Lips, Paul, van Schoor, Natasja M., Blom, Henk J., Geleijnse, Johanna M., Feskens, Edith J., Smulders, Yvo M., Zillikens, M. Carola, de Jongh, Renate T., van den Meiracker, Anton H., Mattace Raso, Francesco U. S., and van der Velde, Nathalie

Published
2015
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25. Adherence to a Healthy Diet According to the World Health Organization Guidelines and All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Adults From Europe and the United States

Author

Jankovic, Nicole, Geelen, Anouk, Streppel, Martinette T., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Orfanos, Philippos, van den Hooven, Edith H., Pikhart, Hynek, Boffetta, Paolo, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bobak, Martin, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Kee, Frank, Franco, Oscar H., Park, Yikyung, Hallmans, Göran, Tjønneland, Anne, May, Anne M., Pajak, Andrzej, Malyutina, Sofia, Kubinova, Růžena, Amiano, Pilar, Kampman, Ellen, and Feskens, Edith J.

Published
2014
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28. The Effect of Protein Supplementation versus Carbohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Damage Markers and Soreness Following a 15-km Road Race: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

ten Haaf, Dominique S. M., primary, Flipsen, Martin A., additional, Horstman, Astrid M. H., additional, Timmerman, Hans, additional, Steegers, Monique A. H., additional, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., additional, Eijsvogels, Thijs M. H., additional, and Hopman, Maria T. E., additional

Published
2021
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29. Beneficial role of replacing dietary saturated fatty acids by polyunsaturated fatty acids in prevention of sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE cohort: Findings from the nu‐ age cohort

Author

Montiel-Rojas, Diego, Santoro, Aurelia, Nilsson, Andreas, Franceschi, Claudio, Capri, Miriam, Bazzocchi, Alberto, Battista, Giuseppe, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes A. M., Bialecka-Debek, Agata, Surala, Olga, Pietruszka, Barbara, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Jennings, Amy, Capel, Frederic, and Kadi, Fawzi

Abstract

Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65–79 years, completed a 7‐day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex‐specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono‐ (MUFAs) or poly‐unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.

Published
2020

30. Dietary Fibre May Mitigate Sarcopenia Risk : Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort of Older European Adults

Author

Montiel Rojas, Diego, Nilsson, Andreas, Santoro, Aurelia, Franceschi, Claudio, Bazzocchi, Alberto, Battista, Giuseppe, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes, Pietruszka, Barbara, Januszko, Olga, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Jennings, Amy, Nicoletti, Claudio, Kadi, Fawzi, Montiel Rojas, Diego, Nilsson, Andreas, Santoro, Aurelia, Franceschi, Claudio, Bazzocchi, Alberto, Battista, Giuseppe, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes, Pietruszka, Barbara, Januszko, Olga, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Jennings, Amy, Nicoletti, Claudio, and Kadi, Fawzi

Abstract

Sarcopenia is characterised by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical function as well as related metabolic disturbances. While fibre-rich diets can influence metabolic health outcomes, the impact on skeletal muscle mass and function is yet to be determined, and the moderating effects by physical activity (PA) need to be considered. The aim of the present study was to examine links between fibre intake, skeletal muscle mass and physical function in a cohort of older adults from the NU-AGE study. In 981 older adults (71 ± 4 years, 58% female), physical function was assessed using the short-physical performance battery test and handgrip strength. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was derived using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Dietary fibre intake (FI) was assessed by 7-day food record and PA was objectively determined by accelerometery. General linear models accounting for covariates including PA level, protein intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were used. Women above the median FI had significantly higher SMI compared to those below, which remained in fully adjusted models (24.7 ± 0.2% vs. 24.2 ± 0.1%, p = 0.011, η2p = 0.012). In men, the same association was only evident in those without MetS (above median FI: 32.4 ± 0.3% vs. below median FI: 31.3 ± 0.3%, p = 0.005, η2p = 0.035). There was no significant impact of FI on physical function outcomes. The findings from this study suggest a beneficial impact of FI on skeletal muscle mass in older adults. Importantly, this impact is independent of adherence to guidelines for protein intake and PA, which further strengthens the potential role of dietary fibre in preventing sarcopenia. Further experimental work is warranted in order to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning the action of dietary fibre on the regulation of muscle mass., Funding Agency:European Union (EU) 266486

Published
2020
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32. Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults : The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins

Author

Montiel Rojas, Diego, Nilsson, Andreas, Santoro, Aurelia, Bazzocchi, Alberto, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes A. M., Madej, Dawid, Kaluza, Joanna, Pietruszka, Barbara, Jennings, Amy, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Battista, Giuseppe, Capri, Miriam, Franceschi, Claudio, Kadi, Fawzi, Montiel Rojas, Diego, Nilsson, Andreas, Santoro, Aurelia, Bazzocchi, Alberto, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes A. M., Madej, Dawid, Kaluza, Joanna, Pietruszka, Barbara, Jennings, Amy, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Battista, Giuseppe, Capri, Miriam, Franceschi, Claudio, and Kadi, Fawzi

Abstract

While an adequate protein intake is important for the maintenance of muscle mass during ageing, the amount and source of protein necessary for optimal prevention of sarcopenia remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of the amount and source of dietary proteins on sarcopenia risk in a cohort of 65-79-year-old European adults within the frame of the NU-AGE study. A total of 986 participants were included in the analysis. Skeletal muscle index (SMI), assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and handgrip strength (HG) were employed to create a continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS). Total amount together with animal- and plant-derived sources of proteins were obtained from a 7-day food record. Differences in SRS were analysed across groups of total protein intake (<0.8 g/body weight (BW); 0.8-<1.0 g/BW; 1.0-<1.2 g/BW; and ≥1.2 g/BW). The association between SRS and the different sources of protein was assessed using isocaloric substitution models adjusted by demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors. A significant linear dose-response relationship was observed, with a lower SRS linked to higher protein intakes. Based on the isocaloric substitution modelling, a reduced SRS was observed when increasing plant protein to the detriment of animal protein, while holding total protein intake constant. Further, this result remained significant after stratifying the analysis by adherence to different levels of protein intake. Our findings suggest that older adults may benefit from increasing protein intakes above current recommendations. Besides total amount, protein source should be considered when promoting health dietary habits in older adults for the prevention of sarcopenia., Funding Agency:European Union (EU)266486

Published
2020
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33. Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia : Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Author

Montiel Rojas, Diego, Santoro, Aurelia, Nilsson, Andreas, Franceschi, Claudio, Capri, Miriam, Bazzocchi, Alberto, Battista, Giuseppe, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes A. M., Bialecka-Debek, Agata, Surala, Olga, Pietruszka, Barbara, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Jennings, Amy, Capel, Frederic, Kadi, Fawzi, Montiel Rojas, Diego, Santoro, Aurelia, Nilsson, Andreas, Franceschi, Claudio, Capri, Miriam, Bazzocchi, Alberto, Battista, Giuseppe, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Feskens, Edith J. M., Berendsen, Agnes A. M., Bialecka-Debek, Agata, Surala, Olga, Pietruszka, Barbara, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, Jennings, Amy, Capel, Frederic, and Kadi, Fawzi

Abstract

Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65-79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults., Funding Agency:European Union (EU) 266486

Published
2020
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34. Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins

Author

Montiel-Rojas, Diego, primary, Nilsson, Andreas, additional, Santoro, Aurelia, additional, Bazzocchi, Alberto, additional, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., additional, Feskens, Edith J. M., additional, Berendsen, Agnes A. M., additional, Madej, Dawid, additional, Kaluza, Joanna, additional, Pietruszka, Barbara, additional, Jennings, Amy, additional, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, additional, Battista, Giuseppe, additional, Capri, Miriam, additional, Franceschi, Claudio, additional, and Kadi, Fawzi, additional

Published
2020
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35. Associations between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Gastro-Intestinal Microbiota, Diet, and Cognitive Functioning in Dutch Healthy Older Adults: The NU-AGE Study

Author

van Soest, Annick P. M., primary, Hermes, Gerben D. A., additional, Berendsen, Agnes A. M., additional, van de Rest, Ondine, additional, Zoetendal, Erwin G., additional, Fuentes, Susana, additional, Santoro, Aurelia, additional, Franceschi, Claudio, additional, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., additional, and de Vos, Willem M., additional

Published
2020
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39. Association between Malnutrition and Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Author

Kramer, Charlotte S, Groenendijk, Inge, Beers, Sonja, Wijnen, Hugo H, van de Rest, Ondine, and de Groot, Lisette C P G M

Subjects
MALNUTRITION, PHYSICAL mobility, OLDER people, SCIENTIFIC observation, WALKING speed, GRIP strength
Abstract

In recent years the focus of healthcare and nutritional science in older adults has shifted from mortality towards physical performance and quality of life. The aim of this review was to summarize observational studies on physical performance in malnourished (MN) or at risk of malnutrition (RMN) older adults compared with well-nourished (WN) older adults. Eligible studies had to report on nutritional status and objectively measured physical performance in older adults (≥60 y). MN or RMN groups had to be compared with a WN group, measured with a validated nutrition screener. Ovid Medline and Web of Science were searched until 13 November, 2020. Study quality was scored using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results were analyzed by meta-analysis when possible, or narratively reviewed otherwise. Forty-five studies (16,911 participants in total) were included from studies in outpatient clinics (n = 6), nursing homes (n = 3), community-dwelling older adults (n = 20), hospitalized patients (n = 15), or a combination (n = 1). Studies used 11 different screeners of malnutrition, and 8 types of physical performance measures. Meta-analysis showed that compared with MN, WN groups had better hand grip strength (mean difference [MD] = 4.92 kg; 95% CI: 3.43, 6.41; P < 0.001; n = 23), faster gait speed (MD = 0.16 m/s; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.27; P = 0.0033; n = 7), performed faster on timed-up-and-go (MD = –5.94 s; 95% CI: –8.98, –2.89; P < 0.001; n = 8), and scored 1.2 more short physical performance battery points (95% CI: 1.32, 2.73; P < 0.001; n = 6). Results were less pronounced when compared with RMN. Narratively, all studies showed an association for knee extension strength, 6-min walking test, and multicomponent tests, except for the chair stand test. Study limitations include no studies scoring "good" on NOS, lack of confounder adjustment, and high heterogeneity. Overall, evidence from cross-sectional studies indicate an association between malnutrition and worse physical performance in older adults. This study is registered in PROSPERO as CRD42020192893. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Author

Montiel-Rojas, Diego, primary, Santoro, Aurelia, additional, Nilsson, Andreas, additional, Franceschi, Claudio, additional, Capri, Miriam, additional, Bazzocchi, Alberto, additional, Battista, Giuseppe, additional, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., additional, Feskens, Edith J. M., additional, Berendsen, Agnes A. M., additional, Bialecka-Debek, Agata, additional, Surala, Olga, additional, Pietruszka, Barbara, additional, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, additional, Jennings, Amy, additional, Capel, Frederic, additional, and Kadi, Fawzi, additional

Published
2020
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43. Dietary Fibre May Mitigate Sarcopenia Risk: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort of Older European Adults

Author

Montiel-Rojas, Diego, primary, Nilsson, Andreas, additional, Santoro, Aurelia, additional, Franceschi, Claudio, additional, Bazzocchi, Alberto, additional, Battista, Giuseppe, additional, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., additional, Feskens, Edith J. M., additional, Berendsen, Agnes, additional, Pietruszka, Barbara, additional, Januszko, Olga, additional, Fairweather-Tait, Susan, additional, Jennings, Amy, additional, Nicoletti, Claudio, additional, and Kadi, Fawzi, additional

Published
2020
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46. A Combined Nutrition and Exercise Intervention Influences Serum Vitamin B-12 and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Bone Turnover of Healthy Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Author

Groenendijk, Inge, Chan, Ruth, Woo, Jean, Ong, Sherlin, Parikh, Panam, Bragt, Marjolijn C E, de Groot, Lisette C P G M, Bragt, Marjolijn Ce, de Groot, Lisette Cpgm, and de Groot, Lisette C P G M

Subjects
MIDDLE-aged persons, BONES, OLDER people, AEROBIC capacity, RESISTANCE training, NUTRITION, VITAMIN D, PHYSICAL activity
Abstract

Background: Hong Kong faces several public health problems including malnutrition and osteoporosis. Considering the typical Chinese diet and overall low physical activity levels of Chinese adults, timely interventions to improve nutritional status and bone health are needed.Objectives: We examined the effects of a nutrition plus exercise intervention on serum vitamin B-12 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], bone turnover markers, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations in apparently healthy Chinese middle-aged and older adults.Methods: In this 24-wk randomized controlled trial, 180 Chinese adults (85 women, mean ± SD age: 61 ± 6 y) were randomly assigned to receive a fortified milk supplement (2 × 30 g/d) and an exercise program (2 × 1 h/wk including resistance, balance, and aerobic training) or no intervention. The primary outcome was physical performance. In this article we analyzed the secondary outcomes serum vitamin B-12 and 25(OH)D concentrations, assessed at baseline, 12 wk, and 24 wk. Also, bone turnover markers and PTH concentrations were studied. Linear mixed models evaluated group differences over time.Results: A significant time × group interaction (P < 0.001) was found for serum vitamin B-12 and 25(OH)D concentrations and the bone turnover markers, but not for serum PTH concentrations (P = 0.09). The intervention increased mean ± SD vitamin B-12 concentrations from baseline (345 ± 119 pmol/L) to 24 wk (484 ± 136 pmol/L), whereas concentrations remained stable within the control. For 25(OH)D concentrations, the intervention group had a greater increase from baseline (54.7 ± 14.2 nmol/L) to 24 wk (80.1 ± 19.2 nmol/L) than the control (60.6 ± 15.2 compared with 65.6 ± 14.6 nmol/L). The ratio of the net effect of bone formation and resorption was greater in the intervention group, suggesting less bone remodeling, irrespective of sex.Conclusions: A fortified milk supplement and exercise intervention successfully improved vitamin B-12 and 25(OH)D concentrations as well as the balance of bone turnover markers of Chinese middle-aged and older adults.This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR6214. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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47. Protein Type, Protein Dose, and Age Modulate Dietary Protein Digestion and Phenylalanine Absorption Kinetics and Plasma Phenylalanine Availability in Humans.

Author

Gorissen, Stefan H M, Trommelen, Jorn, Kouw, Imre W K, Holwerda, Andrew M, Pennings, Bart, Groen, Bart B L, Wall, Benjamin T, Churchward-Venne, Tyler A, Horstman, Astrid M H, Koopman, René, Burd, Nicholas A, Fuchs, Cas J, Dirks, Marlou L, Res, Peter T, Senden, Joan M G, Steijns, Jan M J M, de Groot, Lisette C P G M, Verdijk, Lex B, van Loon, Luc J C, and de Groot, Lisette C P G M

Subjects
CESIUM isotopes, PHENYLALANINE, MUSCLE proteins, MILK proteins, AMINO acid synthesis, PROTEINS, PROTEOLYSIS, WHEY proteins, RESEARCH, HYPERGLYCEMIA, BIOLOGICAL transport, RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION research, MEDICAL cooperation, COMPARATIVE studies, DIGESTION, DIETARY proteins
Abstract

Background: Dietary protein ingestion stimulates muscle protein synthesis by providing amino acids to the muscle. The magnitude and duration of the postprandial increase in muscle protein synthesis rates are largely determined by dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics.Objective: We assessed the impact of protein type, protein dose, and age on dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics in vivo in humans.Methods: We included data from 18 randomized controlled trials with a total of 602 participants [age: 53 ± 23 y; BMI (kg/m2): 24.8 ± 3.3] who consumed various quantities of intrinsically l-[1-13C]-phenylalanine-labeled whey (n = 137), casein (n = 393), or milk (n = 72) protein and received intravenous infusions of l-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, which allowed us to assess protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics and the postprandial release of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine into the circulation. The effect of aging on these processes was assessed in a subset of 82 young (aged 22 ± 3 y) and 83 older (aged 71 ± 5 y) individuals.Results: A total of 50% ± 14% of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine appeared in the circulation over a 5-h postprandial period. Casein ingestion resulted in a smaller (45% ± 11%), whey protein ingestion in an intermediate (57% ± 10%), and milk protein ingestion in a greater (65% ± 13%) fraction of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine appearing in the circulation (P < 0.001). The postprandial availability of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine in the circulation increased with the ingestion of greater protein doses (P < 0.05). Protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics were attenuated in older when compared with young individuals, with 45% ± 10% vs. 51% ± 14% of dietary protein-derived phenylalanine appearing in the circulation, respectively (P = 0.001).Conclusions: Protein type, protein dose, and age modulate dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics and subsequent postprandial plasma amino acid availability in vivo in humans. These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00557388, NCT00936039, NCT00991523, NCT01317511, NCT01473576, NCT01576848, NCT01578590, NCT01615276, NCT01680146, NCT01820975, NCT01986842, and NCT02596542, and at http://www.trialregister.nl as NTR3638, NTR3885, NTR4060, NTR4429, and NTR4492. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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48. Dietary Intakes of Vegetable Protein, Folate, and Vitamins B-6 and B-12 Are Partially Correlated with Physical Functioning of Dutch Older Adults Using Copula Graphical Models.

Author

Behrouzi, Pariya, Grootswagers, Pol, Keizer, Paul L C, Smeets, Ellen T H C, Feskens, Edith J M, de Groot, Lisette C P G M, van Eeuwijk, Fred A, de Groot, Lisette C P G M, and van Eeuwijk, Fred A

Subjects
OLDER people, FOLIC acid, LOW-protein diet, PRINCIPAL components analysis, VITAMINS, VEGETABLES, DIETARY proteins, INFERENTIAL statistics, RESEARCH, VITAMIN B12, VITAMIN B6, MATHEMATICAL models, RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION research, MEDICAL cooperation, COMPARATIVE studies, THEORY, BODY mass index
Abstract

Background: In nutritional epidemiology, dealing with confounding and complex internutrient relations are major challenges. An often-used approach is dietary pattern analyses, such as principal component analysis, to deal with internutrient correlations, and to more closely resemble the true way nutrients are consumed. However, despite these improvements, these approaches still require subjective decisions in the preselection of food groups. Moreover, they do not make efficient use of multivariate dietary data, because they detect only marginal associations. We propose the use of copula graphical models (CGMs) to model and make statistical inferences regarding complex associations among variables in multivariate data, where associations between all variables can be learned simultaneously.Objective: We aimed to reconstruct nutritional intake and physical functioning networks in Dutch older adults by applying a CGM.Methods: We addressed this issue by uncovering the pairwise associations between variables while correcting for the effect of remaining variables. More specifically, we used a CGM to infer the precision matrix, which contains all the conditional independence relations between nodes in the graph. The nonzero elements of the precision matrix indicate the presence of a direct association. We applied this method to reconstruct nutrient-physical functioning networks from the combined data of 4 studies (Nu-Age, ProMuscle, ProMO, and V-Fit, total n = 662, mean ± SD age = 75 ± 7 y). The method was implemented in the R package nutriNetwork which is freely available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nutriNetwork.Results: Greater intakes of vegetable protein and vitamin B-6 were partially correlated with higher scores on the total Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and the chair rise test. Greater intakes of vitamin B-12 and folate were partially correlated with higher scores on the chair rise test and the total SPPB, respectively.Conclusions: We determined that vegetable protein, vitamin B-6, folate, and vitamin B-12 intakes are partially correlated with improved functional outcome measurements in Dutch older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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49. Low-Frequency Synonymous Coding Variation in CYP2R1 Has Large Effects on Vitamin D Levels and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis (vol 101, pg 227, 2017)

Author

Manousaki, Despoina, Dudding, Tom, Haworth, Simon, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Liu, Ching-Ti, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Voortman, Trudy, van der Velde, Nathalie, Melhus, Hakan, Robinson-Cohen, Cassianne, Cousminer, Diana L., Nethander, Maria, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Noordam, Raymond, Forgetta, Vincenzo, Greenwood, Celia M. T., Biggs, Mary L., Psaty, Bruce M., Rotter, Jerome I., Zemel, Babette S., Mitchell, Jonathan A., Taylor, Bruce, Lorentzon, Mattias, Karlsson, Magnus, Jaddoe, Vincent V. W., Tiemeier, Henning, Campos-Obando, Natalia, Franco, Oscar H., Utterlinden, Andre G., Broer, Linda, van Schoor, Natasja M., Ham, Annelies C., Ikram, M. Arfan, Karasik, David, de Mutsert, Renee, Rosendaal, Frits R., den Heijer, Martin, Wang, Thomas J., Lind, Lars, Orwoll, Eric S., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Michaelsson, Karl, Kestenbaum, Bryan, Ohlsson, Claes, Mellstrom, Dan, de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Grant, Struan F. A., Kiel, Douglas P., Zillikens, M. Carola, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Sawcer, Stephen, Timpson, Nicholas J., Richards, J. Brent, General practice, APH - Aging & Later Life, Epidemiology and Data Science, Internal medicine, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Rehabilitation & Development, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Restoration and Development, and APH - Personalized Medicine

Published
2018

50. Disentangling the genetics of lean mass

Author

Karasik, David, Zillikens, M. Carola, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Aghdassi, Ali, Akesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Barroso, Ines, Bennett, David A., Bertram, Lars, Bochud, Murielle, Borecki, Ingrid B., Broer, Linda, Buchman, Aron S., Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos-Obando, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A., Cawthon, Peggy M., Chambers, John C., Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H., Choi, Hyung Jin, Chou, Wen-Chi, Cummings, Steven R., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., De Jager, Phillip L., Demuth, Ilja, Diatchenko, Luda, Econs, Michael J., Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W., Eriksson, Joel, Eriksson, Johan G., Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S., Feitosa, Mary F., Fu, Mao, Gieger, Christian, Grallert, Harald, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Lenore, Launer J., Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Homuth, Georg, Huffman, Kim M., Husted, Lise B., Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Johnson, Toby, Biffar, Reiner, Jordan, Joanne M., Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpelainen, Tuomas O., Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline S. L., Koller, Daniel L., Kooner, Jaspal S., Kraus, William E., Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kutalik, Zoltan, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L., Lerch, Markus M., Lewis, Joshua R., Lill, Christina, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, Liu, Yongmei, Livshits, Gregory, Ljunggren, Östen, Loos, Ruth J. F., Lorentzon, Mattias, Luan, Jian'an, Luben, Robert N., Malkin, Ida, McGuigan, Fiona E., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Meitinger, Thomas, Melhus, Håkan, Mellstrom, Dan, Michaëlsson, Karl, Mitchell, Braxton D., Morris, Andrew P., Mosekilde, Leif, Nethander, Maria, Newman, Anne B., O'Connell, Jeffery R., Oostra, Ben A., Orwoll, Eric S., Palotie, Aarno, Peacock, Munro, Perola, Markus, Peters, Annette, Prince, Richard L., Psaty, Bruce M., Raikkonen, Katri, Ralston, Stuart H., Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Robbins, John A., Rotter, Jerome I., Rudan, Igor, Salomaa, Veikko, Satterfield, Suzanne, Schipf, Sabine, Shin, Chan Soo, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Shad B., Soranzo, Nicole, Spector, Timothy D., Stancakova, Alena, Stefansson, Kari, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Stolk, Lisette, Streeten, Elizabeth A., Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, Swart, Karin M. A., Thompson, Patricia, Thomson, Cynthia A., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tikkanen, Emmi, Tranah, Gregory J., Uitterlinden, Andre G., van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Schoor, Natasja M., Vandenput, Liesbeth, Vollenweider, Peter, Volzke, Henry, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Walker, Mark, Wareham, Nicholas J., Waterworth, Dawn, Weedon, Michael N., Wichmann, H-Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Williams, Frances M. K., Wilson, James F., Wright, Nicole C., Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Yu, Lei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhou, Yanhua, Nielson, Carrie M., Harris, Tamara B., Demissie, Serkalem, Kiel, Douglas P., Ohlsson, Claes, Karasik, David, Zillikens, M. Carola, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Aghdassi, Ali, Akesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Barroso, Ines, Bennett, David A., Bertram, Lars, Bochud, Murielle, Borecki, Ingrid B., Broer, Linda, Buchman, Aron S., Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos-Obando, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A., Cawthon, Peggy M., Chambers, John C., Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H., Choi, Hyung Jin, Chou, Wen-Chi, Cummings, Steven R., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., De Jager, Phillip L., Demuth, Ilja, Diatchenko, Luda, Econs, Michael J., Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W., Eriksson, Joel, Eriksson, Johan G., Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S., Feitosa, Mary F., Fu, Mao, Gieger, Christian, Grallert, Harald, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Lenore, Launer J., Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Homuth, Georg, Huffman, Kim M., Husted, Lise B., Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Johnson, Toby, Biffar, Reiner, Jordan, Joanne M., Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpelainen, Tuomas O., Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline S. L., Koller, Daniel L., Kooner, Jaspal S., Kraus, William E., Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kutalik, Zoltan, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L., Lerch, Markus M., Lewis, Joshua R., Lill, Christina, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, Liu, Yongmei, Livshits, Gregory, Ljunggren, Östen, Loos, Ruth J. F., Lorentzon, Mattias, Luan, Jian'an, Luben, Robert N., Malkin, Ida, McGuigan, Fiona E., Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Meitinger, Thomas, Melhus, Håkan, Mellstrom, Dan, Michaëlsson, Karl, Mitchell, Braxton D., Morris, Andrew P., Mosekilde, Leif, Nethander, Maria, Newman, Anne B., O'Connell, Jeffery R., Oostra, Ben A., Orwoll, Eric S., Palotie, Aarno, Peacock, Munro, Perola, Markus, Peters, Annette, Prince, Richard L., Psaty, Bruce M., Raikkonen, Katri, Ralston, Stuart H., Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Robbins, John A., Rotter, Jerome I., Rudan, Igor, Salomaa, Veikko, Satterfield, Suzanne, Schipf, Sabine, Shin, Chan Soo, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Shad B., Soranzo, Nicole, Spector, Timothy D., Stancakova, Alena, Stefansson, Kari, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Stolk, Lisette, Streeten, Elizabeth A., Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, Swart, Karin M. A., Thompson, Patricia, Thomson, Cynthia A., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tikkanen, Emmi, Tranah, Gregory J., Uitterlinden, Andre G., van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Schoor, Natasja M., Vandenput, Liesbeth, Vollenweider, Peter, Volzke, Henry, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Walker, Mark, Wareham, Nicholas J., Waterworth, Dawn, Weedon, Michael N., Wichmann, H-Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Williams, Frances M. K., Wilson, James F., Wright, Nicole C., Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M., Yu, Lei, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zhou, Yanhua, Nielson, Carrie M., Harris, Tamara B., Demissie, Serkalem, Kiel, Douglas P., and Ohlsson, Claes

Abstract

Background: Lean body mass (LM) plays an important role in mobility and metabolic function. We previously identified five loci associated with LM adjusted for fat mass in kilograms. Such an adjustment may reduce the power to identify genetic signals having an association with both lean mass and fat mass. Objectives: To determine the impact of different fat mass adjustments on genetic architecture of LM and identify additional LM loci. Methods: We performed genome-wide association analyses for whole-body LM (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, age(2), and height with or without fat mass adjustments (Model 1 no fat adjustment; Model 2 adjustment for fat mass as a percentage of body mass; Model 3 adjustment for fat mass in kilograms). Results: Seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in separate loci, including one novel LM locus (TNRC6B), were successfully replicated in an additional 47,227 individuals from 29 cohorts. Based on the strengths of the associations in Model 1 vs Model 3, we divided the LM loci into those with an effect on both lean mass and fat mass in the same direction and refer to those as "sumo wrestler" loci (FTO and MC4R). In contrast, loci with an impact specifically on LMwere termed "body builder" loci (VCAN and ADAMTSL3). Using existing available genome-wide association study databases, LM increasing alleles of SNPs in sumo wrestler loci were associated with an adverse metabolic profile, whereas LM increasing alleles of SNPs in "body builder" loci were associated with metabolic protection. Conclusions: In conclusion, we identified one novel LM locus (TNRC6B). Our results suggest that a genetically determined increase in lean mass might exert either harmful or protective effects on metabolic traits, depending on its relation to fat mass.

Published
2019
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