Search

Fine powders of bismuth potassium titanate (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 (BKT) synthesized by hydrothermal reactions have been reported to have good sinterability and high chemical stability against long-time sintering. In this study, detailed chemical and structural characterizations were performed on a hydrothermal BKT powder sample to identify the origin of such properties. The results of X-ray diffraction, infrared transmittance, and diffuse reflectance measurements revealed that the hydrothermal BKT particle contained high concentrations of lattice hydroxyl group and Bi vacancy, whereas the observation by transmission electron microscope showed that its surface was covered with numerous Bi2O3 nanoparticles to achieve the overall stoichiometric cation ratio of BKT. We found that the unique composite nanostructure of the hydrothermal BKT powder led to a large suppression of Bi evaporation during high-temperature sintering, thereby contributing to its superior chemical stability.

Fine powders of bismuth potassium titanate (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 (BKT) synthesized by hydrothermal reactions have been reported to have good sinterability and high chemical stability against long-time sintering. In this study, detailed chemical and structural characterizations were performed on a hydrothermal BKT powder sample to identify the origin of such properties. The results of X-ray diffraction, infrared transmittance, and diffuse reflectance measurements revealed that the hydrothermal BKT particle contained high concentrations of lattice hydroxyl group and Bi vacancy, whereas the observation by transmission electron microscope showed that its surface was covered with numerous Bi2O3 nanoparticles to achieve the overall stoichiometric cation ratio of BKT. We found that the unique composite nanostructure of the hydrothermal BKT powder led to a large suppression of Bi evaporation during high-temperature sintering, thereby contributing to its superior chemical stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Lead-free x Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–y BaTiO3–z Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction method. The microstructure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated. Structure measurements by X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement have allowed us to specify more precisely the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in this system. For (1− x) BNT–x BT solid solution ceramics, the 0.94 BNT–0.06 BT morphotropic composition shows the higher values with d 33 =170pC/N, k p =0.35 and k t =0.53. In the case of (1− x) BNT–x BKT compositions, the d 33, k p and k t are, respectively, 137pC/N, 0.39 and 0.54 for the 0.80 BNT–0.20 BKT ceramic. On the other hand, the ternary 0.865 BNT–0.035 BT–0.100 BKT morphotropic composition shows high piezoelectric constant and electromechanical coupling factors (d 33 =133pC/N, k p =0.26 and k t =0.57). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Potassium bismuth titanate nanoparticles were prepared by the hydrothermal method using Ti(C4H9O)4 and Bi(NO3)3·5H2O as raw materials in alkaline solution at temperatures of 160–200°C. The crystal phase, particle size, morphology and dispersion of the particles were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the particles with sizes of about 50–100 nm in diameter are well-dispersed K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (KBT) crystals of tetragonal structure, and the alkaline concentration and the temperature of solutions have great effects on the phase composition and morphology of the resultant particles. We could gain the KBT phase of high purity when the concentration of KOH is about 8–12 M and the reaction temperature is about 170–180°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]