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The prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in industrialized countries. Obesity is a systemic disease that causes not only macroscopic alterations, but also mitochondrial dysfunction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) poses a potential therapeutic option for patients with severe obesity. In order to ascertain the efficacy of bariatric interventions, it is important to assess not only weight loss, but also changes in body composition. Additionally, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between weight loss and cellular oxygen metabolism, a surrogate for mitochondrial function. We used bioimpedance analysis (BIA) to assess changes in weight and body composition in patients up to one year after LSG. To evaluate mitochondrial oxygen metabolism, we used the Cellular Oxygen Metabolism Monitor (COMET) to non-invasively measure the mitochondrial oxygen tension (mitoPO2), mitochondrial oxygen consumption (mitoVO2) and mitochondrial oxygen delivery (mitoDO2). We compared the values obtained in patients with obesity with those of age- and sex-matched healthy controls and investigated changes up to one year after LSG. 48 patients (46.5 years [35.5-55.3]; 38/48 female (79.2%); BMI 46.7 [42.5-51.0]) completed the study. They showed a significant weight loss and a decrease in relative fat mass after six months. We found no differences in mitochondrial oxygen metabolism between obese patients and healthy controls. MitoPO2, mitoVO2 and mitoDO2 did not change up to one year after surgery. It is noteworthy that patients who exhibited higher mitoPO2, mitoVO2, and mitoDO2 values prior to surgery demonstrated superior weight loss outcomes one year after LSG. This was the first study to investigate the non-invasively measured mitochondrial oxygen metabolism in the long-term course after bariatric surgery. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to confirm these findings. Clinical trial registration: https://www.bfarm.de/DE/Das-BfArM/Aufgaben/Deutsches-Register-Klinischer-Studien/%5fnode.html , identifier DRKS00015891. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is diagnosed when hepatic steatosis is proven by imaging and one of the five cardiometabolic criteria is present. The relationship between MASLD and body composition components has recently received increased research attention. However, the five cardiometabolic criteria do not include components of body composition. This study aimed to identify significant body composition factors associated with MASLD in patients undergoing health checkups. Methods: This study included a cohort of 6599 examinees who participated in a health check-up conducted between 2022 and 2023, and their data were prospectively analyzed. The inclusion criteria were undergoing abdominal ultrasonography, alcohol consumption <30 g/day for males or <20 g/day for females, and one of the five cardiometabolic criteria. Results: Finally, 3864 examinees were enrolled. In total, 1133 (51.8%) males and 454 (27.1%) females had MASLD. Sarcopenia was present in only 0.62% of males and 0.66% of females with MASLD. The MASLD group had significantly lower skeletal muscle mass/weight (SMM/WT) values than the non-MASLD group. Multivariate analysis revealed that SMM/WT was independently associated with MASLD. Conclusions: SMM/WT was significantly associated with MASLD. Therefore, muscle mass assessment using SMM/WT may be a potential marker for diagnosing MASLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Celiac disease (CD) has been linked with increased susceptibility to osteoporosis; therefore, we aimed to explore whether, in a group of patients with CD, body composition parameters impact bone parameters. Methods: This study covered 56 adults—47 women and 9 men—with CD, and 20 healthy controls—16 women and 4 men. Densitometry of the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and femoral neck (FN) was conducted using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Body mass was measured by bioimpedance method. Furthermore, serum 25(OH)D and ionized calcium concentration were determined. Results: We found osteopenia in the FN in 19.65% of patients and in L1–L4 in 26.79% of the patients. One patient displayed evidence of osteoporosis in the L1–L4 region, while two patients (3.57%) exhibited similar findings in the FN. Significant positive correlations were observed between bone mineral density (BMD) and body mass, fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) for both L1–L4 and the FN, and body mass index (BMI) of L1–L4. Conclusions: In conclusion, people with CD are at an increased risk of decreased BMD. Patients with lower body mass, FFM, muscle mass, BMI, and BMR more often present with osteopenia and osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have emerged as integral therapeutic tools in the management of patients with cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome. In addition to their well-documented effects on lowering glucose levels and cardiovascular- and reno-protective actions, SGLT-2 inhibitors, through a reduction in body weight (BW), generate changes in the body composition and volume status that have not been clearly studied. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational longitudinal cohort, single-center study analyzed and compared body composition and fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) from weeks 0 to 12 after the initiation of the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program for coronary artery disease and heart failure in 59 patients who started treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2iG) and 112 patients without SGLT-2 inhibitors (non-SGLT-2iG). Results: Changes between the baseline and week 12 in the SGLT-2iG and non-SGLT-2iG were −0.3 L (p = 0.003) and −0.03 L (p = 0.82) in extracellular water (ECW) (p = 0.05), −0.39 L (p < 0.001) and −0.14 L (p = 0.33) in intracellular water (ICW) (p = 0.12), −0.69 (p < 0.001) and −0.16 (p = 0.52) in total body water (TBW) (p = 0.08), and −0.01 (p = 0.37) and −0.001 (p = 0.25) in the ECW/TBW ratio, respectively. After 3 months of exercise therapy in the CR program, patients in the SGLT-2iG showed a greater decrease than the non-SGLT-2iG in weight (−1.34 kg, p < 0.001 vs. −0.99, p = 0.02), body mass index (BMI) (−0.45 kg/m2, p < 0.001 vs. −0.38, p = 0.004), arm circumference (−0.57 cm, p = 0.008 vs. −0.12 cm, p = 0.21), waist circumference (−1.5 cm, p = 0.04 vs. −0.11 cm, p = 0.83), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (−8.9 mmHg, p = 0.049 vs. −4.19, p = 0.08), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (−5.15, p = 0.03 vs. −2.85, p = 0.01). The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) revealed a significant decrease in body fat mass (BFM) and visceral fat area, without a loss of lean body mass (LBM) or skeletal muscle mass in the SGLT-2iG. Conclusions: SGLT-2 inhibitors exert beneficial effects on body compartments and volume status. Although they induce modest weight loss, this appears to be mainly directed at ECW, BFM, and visceral fat, without a loss of LBM nor skeletal muscle mass, which could contribute to the observed CKM benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background & aims: Accurate fat mass (FM) and muscle mass (MM) assessment is an informative marker of an individual's health. However, the optimal method for assessing body composition in transgender men remains to be determined. Here, we aim to compare body composition estimates in transgender men by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) using the reference settings for “males” and “females” and by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study investigating the body composition of 10 transgender men undergoing hormonal therapy using BIA and DXA scans. Results: BIA yielded significantly different estimates of body composition depending on the use of either “female” or “male” settings (P

Aim – to identify a correlation between the somatotype of a patient with liver cirrhosis and changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Material and methods. The study included 46 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis of various etiologies. The somatotype of the patients was determined using a bioimpedance analyzer of body composition (ABC-01 "Medass"). The intestinal microbiota was analyzed once by 16s rRNA sequencing. The processing of the received data was carried out using the program “Statistica". Results. Among 46 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, the majority (26 patients) had a mesoendomorphic somatotype, 14 patients were representatives of endomesomorphs. The predominance of representatives of the genera Streptococcus (p-value = 0.02), Campylobacter (p-value = 0.049) and Holdemanella (p-value = 0.048) was statistically significant in the group of endomesomorphs, while bacteria from the genera Klebsiella (p-value = 0.01) and Gammaproteobacteria (p-value = 0.048) prevailed in the group of mesoendomorphs (p-value = 0.02). Taxa of the intestinal microbiota of Pyramidobacter were expressed in patients with the endomorphic somatotype (p-value = 0.016).

Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a validated non-invasive technique already proven to be useful for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of body fluids in subjects with heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although BIA has been widely employed for research purposes, its clinical application is still not fully widespread. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art of BIA utilization by analyzing the clinical benefits, limitations, and potential future developments in this clinically unexplored field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blood clot formation inside the membrane oxygenator (MO) remains a risk in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). It is associated with thromboembolic complications and normally detectable only at an advanced stage. Established clinical monitoring techniques lack predictive capabilities, emphasizing the need for refinement in MO monitoring towards an early warning system. In this study, an MO was modified by integrating four sensor fibers in the middle of the hollow fiber mat bundle, allowing for bioimpedance measurement within the MO. The modified MO was perfused with human blood in an in vitro test circuit until fulminant clot formation. The optical analysis of clot residues on the extracted hollow fibers showed a clot deposition area of 51.88% ± 14.25%. This was detectable via an increased bioimpedance signal with a significant increase 5 min in advance to fulminant clot formation inside the MO, which was monitored by the clinical gold standard (pressure difference across the MO (dp-MO)). This study demonstrates the feasibility of detecting clot growth early and effectively by measuring bioimpedance within an MO using integrated sensor fibers. Thus, bioimpedance may even outperform the clinical gold standard of dp-MO as a monitoring method by providing earlier clot detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in industrialized countries. Obesity is a systemic disease that causes not only macroscopic alterations, but also mitochondrial dysfunction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) poses a potential therapeutic option for patients with severe obesity. In order to ascertain the efficacy of bariatric interventions, it is important to assess not only weight loss, but also changes in body composition. Additionally, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between weight loss and cellular oxygen metabolism, a surrogate for mitochondrial function. We used bioimpedance analysis (BIA) to assess changes in weight and body composition in patients up to one year after LSG. To evaluate mitochondrial oxygen metabolism, we used the Cellular Oxygen Metabolism Monitor (COMET) to non-invasively measure the mitochondrial oxygen tension (mitoPO2), mitochondrial oxygen consumption (mitoVO2) and mitochondrial oxygen delivery (mitoDO2). We compared the values obtained in patients with obesity with those of age- and sex-matched healthy controls and investigated changes up to one year after LSG. 48 patients (46.5 years [35.5-55.3]; 38/48 female (79.2%); BMI 46.7 [42.5-51.0]) completed the study. They showed a significant weight loss and a decrease in relative fat mass after six months. We found no differences in mitochondrial oxygen metabolism between obese patients and healthy controls. MitoPO2, mitoVO2 and mitoDO2 did not change up to one year after surgery. It is noteworthy that patients who exhibited higher mitoPO2, mitoVO2, and mitoDO2 values prior to surgery demonstrated superior weight loss outcomes one year after LSG. This was the first study to investigate the non-invasively measured mitochondrial oxygen metabolism in the long-term course after bariatric surgery. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to confirm these findings.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.bfarm.de/DE/Das-BfArM/Aufgaben/Deutsches-Register-Klinischer-Studien/_node.html, identifier DRKS00015891.

Background: Despite the emerging interest in phase angle (PhA), a non-invasive marker of cell hydration and nutritional status, no previous study has reported the prospective association between PhA and incident sarcopenia. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the association of baseline PhA in older subjects without sarcopenia with the development of new sarcopenia as outcome. Methods: Six-hundred ninety-six subjects without sarcopenia aged ≥75 years enrolled in an international multicenter observational study were included. Sarcopenia was assessed according to the revised EWGSOP2 criteria at baseline and in follow-up visits at 12 and 24 months. Muscle strength was assessed through the handgrip strength test using a hydraulic grip strength dynamometer, muscle mass was assessed by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) was estimated. Physical performance was assessed by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results: Participants who developed sarcopenia were older, less educated, had higher prevalence of osteoporosis, and lower baseline cognitive function, SPPB, handgrip strength and ASMM than those without sarcopenia. Baseline PhA was significantly lower in subjects developing sarcopenia. Nevertheless, after adjusting for all potential covariates including baseline components of sarcopenia in multiple logistic regression, neither PhA as continuous variable nor different levels of PhA were any more significant predictors of sarcopenia. Conclusions: As an indicator of cells function, PhA could be a potential useful early marker in identifying older people at risk of developing sarcopenia but its practical applicability remains uncertain with the present data.

Abstract Background Chronic liver disease (CLD) in children, often leads to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease (ESLD). CLD poses significant challenges in management and prognosis. Assessing body composition, including sarcopenia, is increasingly recognized as important in understanding outcomes in this population. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study, involving children aged 2 to 18 years with ESLD awaiting liver transplantation. Socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and body composition was assessed using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Sarcopenia was defined using age-specific cut-off points for appendicular skeletal muscle mass (aSMM) and fat-free mass (FFM). Results The study included 57 children (42.1% girls, 57.9% boys; median age: 10.9 years) with liver cirrhosis. Of them 11 (19.3%) died during the study. The mean duration of living with end-stage liver disease prior to participation was 5.43 years [IQR: 3.32, 8.39]. The most common etiology was biliary atresia (24.6%), followed by cryptogenic (22.8%). Deceased children exhibited significantly higher sarcopenia prevalence, lower basal metabolic rate and growth scores compared to survivors (P

Aim: to evaluate the relationship of body composition components with the development of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis.Materials and methods. One hundred and ten patients (44 men and 66 women) with the established diagnosis of liver cirrhosis were treated at the University Clinical Hospital No 2 of the Sechenov University. The assessment of the component composition of the patients’ body was carried out using the ABC-01 “MEDASS” device (“MEDASS”, Russia). Ascites diagnosis was performed using ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space.Results. The values of body mass index (p < 0.001), fat mass (p = 0.002), active cell mass (p < 0.001), and phase angle (p < 0.001) were lower in patients with ascites than without it. Patients with a lower percentage of body fat mass had a more severe ascites severity and vice versa, and the proportion of fat mass was generally higher in women than in men (r = –0.290; p = 0.002). Patients with lower active cell mass had higher ascites severity (r = –0.380; p < 0.001). However, this indicator was lower in women than in men. Significant negative correlations were revealed between fat mass, active cell mass, phase angle (r = –0.395; p < 0.001) and the severity of ascites.Conclusion. Our study confirms the importance of body composition parameters in the development of ascites in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Insufficient amount of fat and muscle mass, as well as low values of the phase angle according to the results of bioimpedance can become predictors of the development of ascites. Evaluation of these components can be used in prognostic models to identify patients with an increased risk of ascites. Further research in this area will help to better understand the mechanisms of ascites development and develop effective methods of prevention and treatment of this complication in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Abstract A noninvasive, immediate, and convenient method for assessing muscle tissue status during exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) has not been established. This study was designed to assess and determine parameters suitable for measuring EIMD after eccentric exercise, using multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Thirty-five young male participants performed dumbbell exercises with their left arm, and their BIA parameters were measured at various time points up to 168 h post exercise using a multi-frequency BIA device. At all-time points, intra and extracellular water content was greater in the left arm than in the right arm, whereas the impedance, reactance, resistance, and phase angle were lower in the left arm than in the right arm. Established EIMD indices, such as maximal isometric voluntary contraction, were measured and used in correlational analyses. Only reactance was correlated with biomarkers, indicating muscle damage (r = − 0.56 to − 0.49). Furthermore, reactance was found to correlate well with indirect indicators of EIMD, suggesting that it may be a suitable marker for evaluating EIMD. However, the relationship with the limited evaluation indices employed in this study is constrained. Future studies should investigate the correlation between reactance and direct damage indicators, such as structural damage, observed in biopsies.

Abstract The study of the outcomes of critically ill patients has been a hard stuff in the field of intensive care. To explore the relationship between changes of severity scores, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and outcomes of critically ill patients, we enrolled patients (n = 206) admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) in Jinling Hospital from 2018 to 2021 with records of BIA on the days 1- and 3- ICU. Collected BIA and clinical data including simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II) and sequential organ failure assessment. According to the baseline and change of severity scores or phase angle (PA) values, the patients were divided into: G–G, baseline good status, 3rd day unchanged; G–B, baseline good status, 3rd day deteriorated; B–G, baseline bad status, 3rd day improved; and B–B, baseline bad status, 3rd day unchanged. According to PA, the mortality of group G–G was 8.6%, and it was greater than 50% in group B–B for severity scores. The new score combining PA and severity scores established. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that PA–SAPS II score was the only independent factor for 90-day mortality (P

Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) in children, often leads to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease (ESLD). CLD poses significant challenges in management and prognosis. Assessing body composition, including sarcopenia, is increasingly recognized as important in understanding outcomes in this population. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study, involving children aged 2 to 18 years with ESLD awaiting liver transplantation. Socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and body composition was assessed using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Sarcopenia was defined using age-specific cut-off points for appendicular skeletal muscle mass (aSMM) and fat-free mass (FFM). Results: The study included 57 children (42.1% girls, 57.9% boys; median age: 10.9 years) with liver cirrhosis. Of them 11 (19.3%) died during the study. The mean duration of living with end-stage liver disease prior to participation was 5.43 years [IQR: 3.32, 8.39]. The most common etiology was biliary atresia (24.6%), followed by cryptogenic (22.8%). Deceased children exhibited significantly higher sarcopenia prevalence, lower basal metabolic rate and growth scores compared to survivors (P < 0.05), (771.0 vs. 934.0, P = 0.166) (65.0 vs. 80.5, P = 0.005). Total body and limb-specified lean mass were lower in deceased children, although not statistically significant. Similarly, total mineral (90% normal) and bone mineral content were lower in deceased children, with a significant difference observed only in water-to-FFM percentage (72.5 vs. 73.1, P = 0.009). Conclusion: This study highlights the high prevalence of sarcopenia among children with ESLD and its association with adverse outcomes, including mortality. Bioimpedance analysis emerges as a promising, non-invasive method for assessing body composition in pediatric ESLD, warranting further investigation and integration into clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to describe sonographic features of rectus femoris muscle (RFM) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) and their correlation with body composition parameters and muscle strength. A total of 67 patients with MASLD underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bioimpedance analysis (BIA), muscle strength measurement (grip strength [GS] and chair stand test [CST]), and ultrasound (US) investigation of the RFM in the dominant thigh using a 4 to 18 MHz linear probe. MASLD patients exhibited increased RFM echogenicity, possibly due to fatty infiltration. We confirmed that the greater the subcutaneous fat thickness, the smaller was the muscle mass (p < 0.001), and the lower was the muscle strength (p < 0.001 for GS and p = 0.002 for CST). On the contrary, the greater the anteroposterior diameter (APD) of RFM, the higher was the muscle mass (p < 0.001), and the greater was the muscle strength (p < 0.001 for GS and p = 0.007 for CST). In addition, APD of the RFM and stiffness of RFM exhibited direct correlation with bone mineral density values of the lumbar spine (p = 0.005 for both GS and CST). We concluded that US investigation of the RFM in the dominant thigh can be helpful in identifying MASLD patients at a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders given repeated point-of-care clinical evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method used to estimate body composition, and it relies mainly on the body's water content. Insufficient body water can introduce bias to body composition scores. Purpose: To determine the effect of body weight loss elicited by passive dehydration on body composition scores, including phase angle (PhA). Methods: Twenty-five euhydrated apparently healthy and physically active men's (age = 22.6 ± 3.3 yr.; body mass = 76.7 ± 15.9 kg; height = 172.0 ± 6.3 cm) body composition variables and PhA were measured before and after sitting quietly for 5 h in a controlled environment (26.6 ± 1.7 °C, 72 ± 4.9%RH). Results: It was found that five hours of passive dehydration caused a loss in body weight (Δ = 0.76 ± 0.34 kg, p < 0.05) and a decrease in body fat estimation (Δ = 0.90 ± 0.87 kg, p < 0.001). Additionally, an increase in ECW (Δ = 0.12 ± 0.30 L, p < 0.021) and PhA (Δ = 0.10 ± 0.15°, p < 0.005) was observed. Conclusion: Body weight loss due to passive dehydration decreased BIA-derived fat mass, and increased extracellular water and PhA in physically active and apparently healthy men. Nonetheless, these changes had a negligible effect on the accuracy of the equipment, rendering them clinically insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A noninvasive, immediate, and convenient method for assessing muscle tissue status during exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) has not been established. This study was designed to assess and determine parameters suitable for measuring EIMD after eccentric exercise, using multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Thirty-five young male participants performed dumbbell exercises with their left arm, and their BIA parameters were measured at various time points up to 168 h post exercise using a multi-frequency BIA device. At all-time points, intra and extracellular water content was greater in the left arm than in the right arm, whereas the impedance, reactance, resistance, and phase angle were lower in the left arm than in the right arm. Established EIMD indices, such as maximal isometric voluntary contraction, were measured and used in correlational analyses. Only reactance was correlated with biomarkers, indicating muscle damage (r = − 0.56 to − 0.49). Furthermore, reactance was found to correlate well with indirect indicators of EIMD, suggesting that it may be a suitable marker for evaluating EIMD. However, the relationship with the limited evaluation indices employed in this study is constrained. Future studies should investigate the correlation between reactance and direct damage indicators, such as structural damage, observed in biopsies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Phase angle (PhA), obtained from the bioimpedance analysis, is widely used in clinical situations and in sports. This study evaluated the association between PhA with body composition and physical performance of handball athletes. Methods 43 national-level players (22.19 ± 3.86 years) of both sexes were evaluated regarding anthropometry, body composition, squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jumps, handgrip strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results We verified a correlation between PhA of the whole body and fat-free mass (r = 0.511), body mass index (r = 0.307), and body fat % (r = -0.303). There was a positive correlation between PhA of the whole body and SJ (r = 0.376), CMJ (r = 0.419), and handgrip for the dominant hand (r = 0.448). Moreover, PhA of the upper limbs was more strongly correlated with handgrip for the dominant (r = 0.630) and non-dominant hand (r = 0.575) compared to PhA of the whole body considering both sexes. Similarly, segmental PhA had a stronger significant correlation with SJ (r = 0.402) and handgrip for the dominant hand (r = 0.482) in males, as well as CMJ (r = 0.602) in females, compared to PhA of the whole body. Conclusion PhA of the whole body was positively related to fat-free mass, body mass index, body fat %, and lower- and upper-limbs strength in handball athletes. Segmental PhA might be used as a tool for estimating lower and upper limbs performance considering the sex, in preference to the PhA of the whole body.

Abstract Background Systemic edema is an adverse effect of docetaxel chemotherapy and causes distress to patients, including those receiving this agent for breast cancer. However, its characteristics and factors related to its effect on quality of life (QoL) have not been adequately investigated. In this study, we assessed systemic edema quantitatively, explored related factors, and evaluated QoL in patients receiving docetaxel for breast cancer. Methods The study had a prospective cohort design and included 37 patients with no known history of swelling who were treated with docetaxel between September 2019 and April 2022. Patients were examined at the start, middle, and end of their course of treatment and 1 and 2 months later. Body water content, body mass, fat mass, and muscle mass were quantified using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Systemic edema was evaluated with reference to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. The timing of development of systemic edema at any anatomical site that was grade 2 or worse was recorded. QoL was assessed using the Quality of Life-Anti Cancer Drug scale. Nutrition was evaluated using the Brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify related factors. QoL was also compared between patients with edema and those without edema. Results Systemic edema developed in 67% of the study participants and was most prevalent at the end of treatment. Body fat mass (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.802, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.651–0.988, p = 0.038), disease stage (aOR 3.279, 95% CI 0.493–21.793, p = 0.219), and history of alcohol consumption (aOR 0.141, 95% CI 0.013–1.521, p = 0.106) were identified as risk factors for docetaxel-induced edema. Participants who developed systemic edema experienced more physical, vital, and emotional distress 1 month after treatment than those who did not. There was no association between systemic edema and nutrition. Conclusions Systemic edema may develop after treatment with docetaxel and increase distress in patients with a high body fat mass. Patients at risk of systemic edema should be informed in advance about the potential frequency, location, and timing of its onset and encouraged to self-manage this condition.

The body mass index does not distinguish body fat mass from fat-free mass and does not capture changes in these parameters. The aim of this study was to establish an association between anthropometric indexes and bioimpedance indicators with age-specific obesity on the example of male population in the Magadan oblast. To achieve it, we examined 586 males who lived in the Magadan oblast by using conventional methods for assessment of physical development. The ROC analysis was performed and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was measured. The analysis of the obtained research data established a significant decrease in FFMI values with age (from young males to elderly ones) together with growing FMI, FMI/FFMI ratio, total body fat and the waist-to-hip ratio. To determine an optimal BMI value as an indicator eligible to diagnose obesity, a ROC-curve was built to describe a relationship between BMI and FMI/FFMI value < 0.4 cu. It showed that when BMI ranged between 22 kg/m2 and 25.0 kg/m2 in young males, bioimpedance values corresponded to the physiological norm; in the early maturity group, the optimal BMI cut-off point for diagnosing obesity was 26.5 kg/m2; the optimal BMI range in the 2nd maturity group was 24.0–27.5 kg/m2. It is noteworthy that the ROC-analysis turned out to have no predictive significance among elderly men; this indicates that BMI is hardly eligible for being used as an indicator of obesity risk in this period of ontogenesis. Classical BMI ranges cannot be considered a clear indicator to diagnose obesity among males in the Magadan oblast whereas indicators obtained by bioimpedance analysis (FMI/FFMI ratios) can be used as relevant indicators when assessing risks of obesity and sarcopenia in the analyzed population.

Background and Objectives: Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have emerged as integral therapeutic tools in the management of patients with cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome. In addition to their well-documented effects on lowering glucose levels and cardiovascular- and reno-protective actions, SGLT-2 inhibitors, through a reduction in body weight (BW), generate changes in the body composition and volume status that have not been clearly studied. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational longitudinal cohort, single-center study analyzed and compared body composition and fluid status measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) from weeks 0 to 12 after the initiation of the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program for coronary artery disease and heart failure in 59 patients who started treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2iG) and 112 patients without SGLT-2 inhibitors (non-SGLT-2iG). Results: Changes between the baseline and week 12 in the SGLT-2iG and non-SGLT-2iG were −0.3 L (p = 0.003) and −0.03 L (p = 0.82) in extracellular water (ECW) (p = 0.05), −0.39 L (p < 0.001) and −0.14 L (p = 0.33) in intracellular water (ICW) (p = 0.12), −0.69 (p < 0.001) and −0.16 (p = 0.52) in total body water (TBW) (p = 0.08), and −0.01 (p = 0.37) and −0.001 (p = 0.25) in the ECW/TBW ratio, respectively. After 3 months of exercise therapy in the CR program, patients in the SGLT-2iG showed a greater decrease than the non-SGLT-2iG in weight (−1.34 kg, p < 0.001 vs. −0.99, p = 0.02), body mass index (BMI) (−0.45 kg/m2, p < 0.001 vs. −0.38, p = 0.004), arm circumference (−0.57 cm, p = 0.008 vs. −0.12 cm, p = 0.21), waist circumference (−1.5 cm, p = 0.04 vs. −0.11 cm, p = 0.83), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (−8.9 mmHg, p = 0.049 vs. −4.19, p = 0.08), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (−5.15, p = 0.03 vs. −2.85, p = 0.01). The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) revealed a significant decrease in body fat mass (BFM) and visceral fat area, without a loss of lean body mass (LBM) or skeletal muscle mass in the SGLT-2iG. Conclusions: SGLT-2 inhibitors exert beneficial effects on body compartments and volume status. Although they induce modest weight loss, this appears to be mainly directed at ECW, BFM, and visceral fat, without a loss of LBM nor skeletal muscle mass, which could contribute to the observed CKM benefits.

Background: Phase angle (PhA), obtained from the bioimpedance analysis, is widely used in clinical situations and in sports. This study evaluated the association between PhA with body composition and physical performance of handball athletes. Methods: 43 national-level players (22.19 ± 3.86 years) of both sexes were evaluated regarding anthropometry, body composition, squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jumps, handgrip strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: We verified a correlation between PhA of the whole body and fat-free mass (r = 0.511), body mass index (r = 0.307), and body fat % (r = -0.303). There was a positive correlation between PhA of the whole body and SJ (r = 0.376), CMJ (r = 0.419), and handgrip for the dominant hand (r = 0.448). Moreover, PhA of the upper limbs was more strongly correlated with handgrip for the dominant (r = 0.630) and non-dominant hand (r = 0.575) compared to PhA of the whole body considering both sexes. Similarly, segmental PhA had a stronger significant correlation with SJ (r = 0.402) and handgrip for the dominant hand (r = 0.482) in males, as well as CMJ (r = 0.602) in females, compared to PhA of the whole body. Conclusion: PhA of the whole body was positively related to fat-free mass, body mass index, body fat %, and lower- and upper-limbs strength in handball athletes. Segmental PhA might be used as a tool for estimating lower and upper limbs performance considering the sex, in preference to the PhA of the whole body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Proteinuria reduction has been extensively studied in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the effects of diuretic treatment on proteinuria are less welldocumented. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of strict volume control, achieved through diuretic therapy, on proteinuria among patients with proteinuric kidney disease and concurrent hypervolemia, as measured by bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Materials and Methods: This prospective study included patients with proteinuria as indicated by spot urine analysis, an overhydration (OH) value of >0 in BIA, and a treatment plan that included diuretics. The follow-up period extended from the initiation of diuretic therapy, prompted by hypervolemic status, to the achievement of normovolemia in each patient. Results: We evaluated 46 hypervolemic patients, of which 25 (54.3%) were men and 39 (64%) were women, with a mean age of 56.85±14.43 years (range 20 to 86 years). The median follow-up period was 12 days (range 5-90 days). After diuretic treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001 for both). Initially, protein excretion in spot urine averaged 6.3 g (range 2.6-10.4 g); following volume control, proteinuria level decreased significantly to 1.5 g (range 0.6-2.9 g) (p<0.001). Additionally, regression analysis indicated a statistically significant association between the decrease in extracellular water and the decline in proteinuria levels (p=0.035). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that volume control, achieved through diuretic treatment, is associated with reductions in both proteinuria and blood pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive indirect method that allows for measurement of lean and fat body mass. The main goal of this exploratory study was to compare the results from two different portable BIA devices. We found that only fat-free mass and body fat mass were directly comparable between InBodyS10 (Teprel, Porto, Portugal) and seca mBCA 525 (Bacelar, Porto, Portugal) medical portable BIA devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systemic edema is an adverse effect of docetaxel chemotherapy and causes distress to patients, including those receiving this agent for breast cancer. However, its characteristics and factors related to its effect on quality of life (QoL) have not been adequately investigated. In this study, we assessed systemic edema quantitatively, explored related factors, and evaluated QoL in patients receiving docetaxel for breast cancer. Methods: The study had a prospective cohort design and included 37 patients with no known history of swelling who were treated with docetaxel between September 2019 and April 2022. Patients were examined at the start, middle, and end of their course of treatment and 1 and 2 months later. Body water content, body mass, fat mass, and muscle mass were quantified using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Systemic edema was evaluated with reference to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. The timing of development of systemic edema at any anatomical site that was grade 2 or worse was recorded. QoL was assessed using the Quality of Life-Anti Cancer Drug scale. Nutrition was evaluated using the Brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify related factors. QoL was also compared between patients with edema and those without edema. Results: Systemic edema developed in 67% of the study participants and was most prevalent at the end of treatment. Body fat mass (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.802, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.651–0.988, p = 0.038), disease stage (aOR 3.279, 95% CI 0.493–21.793, p = 0.219), and history of alcohol consumption (aOR 0.141, 95% CI 0.013–1.521, p = 0.106) were identified as risk factors for docetaxel-induced edema. Participants who developed systemic edema experienced more physical, vital, and emotional distress 1 month after treatment than those who did not. There was no association between systemic edema and nutrition. Conclusions: Systemic edema may develop after treatment with docetaxel and increase distress in patients with a high body fat mass. Patients at risk of systemic edema should be informed in advance about the potential frequency, location, and timing of its onset and encouraged to self-manage this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To characterize the potental of additional paraclinical research methods (ultrasound, determination of body composition) for assessing the congestion severity in patients with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (ADHFpEF) in the intensive care unit.Material and methods. We examined 82 patients with ADHFpEF aged from 50 to 85 years, who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the Veresaev City Clinical Hospital (Moscow). All patients underwent a standard clinical and laboratory examination, including determination of NT-proBNP, as well as echocardiography, chest radiography, bioimpedance analysis, Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS), lung ultrasound. Depending on the congestion degree visualized by VExUS, patients were divided into three groups.Results. The median levels of NT-proBNP, E/A and E/e', number of B-lines in one lung segment, ECW and TBW, and the diuretics' dose used in the hospital in pa tients with ADHFpEF and severe congestion were significantly higher. Signs of congestion obtained as a result of X-ray examination did not differ significantly between groups. In-hospital death was associated with higher values of NT-proBNP, E/A ratio, IVC diameter, number of B-lines in one lung segment, ECW and TBW. The odds of death in patients with VExUS Grade 3 increased 20,9 times compared to Grade 1 (95% CI: 1,125-387,688).Conclusion. Higher levels of NT-proBNP, the dose of diuretics used in the hospital, and ECW and TBW were associated with congestion severity. The severity of congestion assessed by VExUS and ECW/TBW are positively associated with inhospital mortality

Objective: Evaluation of a pilot study results examining bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of body composition of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan. Methods: The body composition of 1304 individuals was studied using bioimpedance measurements. The study included 718 women (55.1%) and 586 men (44.9%) with an average age of 41.1±13.6 years. The following variables were measured: fat mass (FM, kg), percent body fat (PBF, %), fat-free mass (FFM, kg), body cell mass (BCM, %), percent body cell mass (PBCM, %), skeletal muscle mass (SMM, kg), percentage of SMM (PSMM, %), total body water (TBW, kg), extracellular fluid (ECF, kg), bone mineral content (BMC, kg), basal metabolic rate (BMR, kcal/day) and mass-specific metabolic rate (msBMR, kcal/m2 /day). In addition to examining patients, we determined their body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) using the Adolphe Quetelet formula Results: The average FM for all study subjects was 22.5±12.04 kg. Women displayed 24.2% more FM than men – 24.6±12.0 kg and 19.8±11.6 kg, respectively (p0.05). There were also no gender differences in BMC for men and women: the average was 2.1±0.2 and 2.1±0.2 kg, respectively (p>0.05). The results showed positive significant (p

Introduction. Sarcopenia is common among patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, the nature of the course of the disease and mortality. The phase angle (PhA) is the arctangent of the ratio of reactive and active resistances for a variable frequency current obtained using bioimpedance analysis. Data on the relationship between PhA and sarcopenia are limited, so the analysis of this topic is the important step towards understanding the role of sarcopenia in LC.The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the values of the phase angle and the index of skeletal musculature obtained by CT volumetry in patients with LC.Methods and materials. The study included 15 patients diagnosed with LC. The anthropometric examination was carried out, followed by an assessment of the component composition of the patients’ body using the ABC-01 «Medass» device (STC Medass, Russia). According to the indications, all patients underwent CT of the abdominal cavity without contrast enhancement.Results. Median and interquartile interval PhA (°): 5.3 [4.2–5.7] in men and 5.2 [4.9–6.1] in women, skeletal muscle index (cm2/m2): 51.82 [48.33–53.75] cm2/m2 in men and 44.114 [38.9–49.32] cm2/m2 in women. The correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation of the average strength between the skeletal muscle index (cm2/m2) and PhA (°): r=0.2619, p-value=0.036845.Conclusion. Determination of the components of body composition and their relationship with the course of diseases in patients with LC may have practical application and requires further study.

Blood clot formation inside the membrane oxygenator (MO) remains a risk in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). It is associated with thromboembolic complications and normally detectable only at an advanced stage. Established clinical monitoring techniques lack predictive capabilities, emphasizing the need for refinement in MO monitoring towards an early warning system. In this study, an MO was modified by integrating four sensor fibers in the middle of the hollow fiber mat bundle, allowing for bioimpedance measurement within the MO. The modified MO was perfused with human blood in an in vitro test circuit until fulminant clot formation. The optical analysis of clot residues on the extracted hollow fibers showed a clot deposition area of 51.88% ± 14.25%. This was detectable via an increased bioimpedance signal with a significant increase 5 min in advance to fulminant clot formation inside the MO, which was monitored by the clinical gold standard (pressure difference across the MO (dp-MO)). This study demonstrates the feasibility of detecting clot growth early and effectively by measuring bioimpedance within an MO using integrated sensor fibers. Thus, bioimpedance may even outperform the clinical gold standard of dp-MO as a monitoring method by providing earlier clot detection.

Aim to study the relationship between thyroid function parameters (free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), FT3/FT4 ratio), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and parameters characterizing sarcopenia (muscle mass and strength, physical performance) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and euthyroidism. Material and methods. The study included 312 elderly patients with T2DM in a state of euthyroidism (mean age 65.39 2.28 years). In all participants the following parameters were measured: anthropometric parameters, thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4), TSH, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting C-peptide and insulin, lipid profile, body composition, handgrip strength, walking speed. Results. Sarcopenia was prevalent in 26.9% of T2DM patients with euthyroidism. A binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, smoking and alcohol consumption, T2DM duration, hypertension, HbA1c level, eGFR, TG, HDL and fat mass fraction showed that the high-normal FT3 level (OR = 0.522, 95% CI: 0.3040.895, p = 0.018), a low-normal FT4 level (OR = 1.126, 95% CI: 1.0091.258, p = 0.034) and an increased FT3/FT4 ratio (OR = 0.923, 95% CI: 0.8790.969, p = 0.001) were associated with a low prevalence of sarcopenia. FT3 concentration was positively associated with muscle strength (OR = 0.525, 95% CI: 0.3050.902, p = 0.020) and walking speed (OR = 0.443, 95% CI: 0.2590.758, p = 0.003), while FT4 concentration was negatively associated with muscle mass (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.0091.232, p = 0.036). The FT3/FT4 ratio was positively associated with muscle mass (OR = 0.943, 95% CI: 0.9050.981, p = 0.006), muscle strength (OR = 0.945, 95% CI: 0.9010.992, p = 0.021), and walking speed (OR = 0.934, 95% CI: 0.8940.975, p = 0.002). TSH levels were not associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion. The high FT3/FT4 ratio is significantly associated with a low risk of sarcopenia in T2DM patients with euthyroidism.

We investigated a screening method for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) that combined bioimpedance features and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) score. Data were collected from 539 subjects aged 60 years or older at the Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementias (GARD) Cohort Research Center, A total of 470 participants were used for the analysis, including 318 normal controls and 152 MCI participants. We measured bioimpedance, K-MMSE, and the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB-II). We developed a multiple linear regression model to predict MCI by combining bioimpedance variables and K-MMSE total score and compared the model's accuracy with SNSB-II domain scores by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). We additionally compared the model performance with several machine learning models such as extreme gradient boosting, random forest, support vector machine, and elastic net. To test the model performances, the dataset was divided into a training set (70%) and a test set (30%). The AUROC values of SNSB-II scores were 0.803 in both sexes, 0.840 for males, and 0.770 for females. In the combined model, the AUROC values were 0.790 (0.773) for males (and females), which were significantly higher than those from the model including MMSE scores alone (0.723 for males and 0.622 for females) or bioimpedance variables alone (0.640 for males and 0.615 for females). Furthermore, the accuracies of the combined model were comparable to those of machine learning models. The bioimpedance-MMSE combined model effectively distinguished the MCI participants and suggests a technique for rapid and improved screening of the elderly population at risk of cognitive impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutritional and inflammatory disorders are factors that increase the risk of adverse clinical outcomes and mortality in elderly hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study aimed to examine nutritional and inflammation status as well as body composition in older adults on HD compared to matched controls. A case–control study was conducted on 168 older participants (84 HD patients (cases) and 84 controls) age- and sex-matched. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory parameters were collected from medical records. The primary outcome was nutritional status assessment using a combination of nutritional and inflammatory markers along with the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). Sarcopenic obesity (SO) was studied by the combined application of anthropometric measures. Body composition and hydration status were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify nutritional and inflammatory independent risk indicators in elderly HD patients and controls. A significantly high prevalence of nutritional risk measured by the GNRI was found in HD patients (32.1%) compared to controls (6.0%) (p < 0.001). Elderly HD patients were overweight and had lower percent arm muscle circumference, phase angle (PA), serum albumin (s-albumin), as well as higher percent extracellular body water (ECW%) and serum C-reactive protein (s-CRP) than controls (all at least, p < 0.01). SO was higher in HD patients (15.50%) than in controls (14.30%). By multi-regression analyses, age < 75 years (OR: 0.119; 95%CI: 0.036 to 0.388), ECW% (OR: 1.162; 95%CI: 1.061 to 1.273), PA (OR: 0.099; 95%CI: 0.036 to 0.271), as well as BMI, s-albumin ≥ 3.8 g/dL, and lower s-CRP were independently related between cases and controls (all at least, p < 0.05). Elderly HD patients had increased nutritional risk, SO, inflammation, overhydration, and metabolic derangements compared to controls. This study highlights the importance of identifying nutritional risk along with inflammation profile and associated body composition disorders in the nutritional care of elderly HD patients. Further studies are needed to prevent nutritional disorders in elderly HD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of contrast water therapy (CWT) on dehydration at moderate altitudes during training camps remain unknown. We hypothesized that CWT reduces dehydration resulting from training at moderate altitudes and improves performance, akin to conditions at sea level. A 13-day endurance training camp was held at a moderate altitude of 1100 m and included 22 university athletes, who were divided into two groups (CWT group, n = 12; control (CON) group, n = 10). The sample size was calculated based on an α level of 0.05, power (1 β) of 0.8, and effect size of 0.25 based on two-way ANOVA. Longitudinal changes over 13 days were compared using a two-group comparison model. Additionally, 16 athletes participated in an additional performance verification analysis. Subjective fatigue, body mass, and water content (total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water) were measured using bioimpedance analysis every morning, and the titin N-terminal fragment in urine (UTF) was measured as an index of muscle damage. For performance verification, 10 consecutive jump performances (with the reactive strength index (RSI) as an indicator) were evaluated as neuromuscular function indices. The results indicated that the UTF did not significantly differ between the two groups. Moreover, the ECW/TBW values, indicative of dehydration, on days 4 and 5 in the CWT group were significantly lower than those in the CON group. However, there was no significant difference in RSI between the two groups. Therefore, although CWT reduces dehydration in the early stages of the training camp, it may not affect performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Aims Residual congestion at the time of hospital discharge is an important readmission risk factor, and its detection with physical examination and usual diagnostic techniques have strong limitations in overweight and obese patients. New tools like bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) could help to determine when euvolaemia is reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of BIA in management of heart failure (HF) in overweight and obese patients. Methods and results Our study is a single‐centre, single‐blind, randomized controlled trial that included 48 overweight and obese patients admitted for acute HF. The study population was randomized into two arms: BIA‐guided group and standard care. Serum electrolytes, kidney function, and natriuretic peptides were followed up during their hospital stay and at 90 days after discharge. The primary endpoint was development of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) defined as an increase in serum creatinine by >0.5 mg/dL during hospitalization, and the main secondary endpoint was the reduction of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels during hospitalization and within 90 days after discharge. The BIA‐guided group showed a remarkable lower incidence of severe AKI, although no significant differences were found (41.4% vs. 16.7%; P = 0.057). The proportion of patients who achieved levels of NT‐proBNP

This study aimed to describe sonographic features of rectus femoris muscle (RFM) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) and their correlation with body composition parameters and muscle strength. A total of 67 patients with MASLD underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bioimpedance analysis (BIA), muscle strength measurement (grip strength [GS] and chair stand test [CST]), and ultrasound (US) investigation of the RFM in the dominant thigh using a 4 to 18 MHz linear probe. MASLD patients exhibited increased RFM echogenicity, possibly due to fatty infiltration. We confirmed that the greater the subcutaneous fat thickness, the smaller was the muscle mass (p < 0.001), and the lower was the muscle strength (p < 0.001 for GS and p = 0.002 for CST). On the contrary, the greater the anteroposterior diameter (APD) of RFM, the higher was the muscle mass (p < 0.001), and the greater was the muscle strength (p < 0.001 for GS and p = 0.007 for CST). In addition, APD of the RFM and stiffness of RFM exhibited direct correlation with bone mineral density values of the lumbar spine (p = 0.005 for both GS and CST). We concluded that US investigation of the RFM in the dominant thigh can be helpful in identifying MASLD patients at a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders given repeated point-of-care clinical evaluations.

Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks among the most prevalent inflammatory diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system and is a leading cause of disability globally, impacting approximately 250 million individuals. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and body composition in postmenopausal women using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). The study included 58 postmenopausal females who were candidates for total knee arthroplasty. The control group consisted of 25 postmenopausal individuals with no degenerative knee joint changes. The anthropometric analysis encompassed the body mass index (BMI), mid-arm and mid-thigh circumferences (MAC and MTC), and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF). Functional performance was evaluated using the 30 s sit-to-stand test. During the BIA test, electrical parameters such as membrane potential, electrical resistance, capacitive reactance, impedance, and phase angle were measured. Additionally, body composition parameters, including Total Body Water (TBW), Extracellular Water (ECW), Intracellular Water (ICW), Body Cellular Mass (BCM), Extracellular Mass (ECM), Fat-Free Mass (FFM), and Fat Mass (FM), were examined. The study did not find any statistically significant differences in the electrical parameters between the control (0–1 grade on the K–L scale) and study groups (3–4 grade on the K–L scale). However, statistically significant differences were observed in BMI, fat mass (FM), arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, and sit-to-stand test results between the analyzed groups. In conclusion, the association between overweight and obesity with KOA in postmenopausal women appears to be primarily related to the level of adipose tissue and its metabolic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Early improvements to graft function are crucial for good outcomes in kidney transplantation (kTx). Various factors can influence early graft function. This study aimed to evaluate the pre- and post-transplant hydration statuses of kTx recipients using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and lung ultrasonography (LUS) and to investigate the hydration status' relationship with the function of the transplanted kidney during the first year after transplantation. Materials and Methods: This observational prospective cohort study included deceased kidney recipients transplanted in the Hospital of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences between September 2016 and January 2023. BIA and LUS were performed before transplantation, on days 3 and 7, and at discharge. Data on recipient and donor clinical characteristics were collected. Graft function was evaluated according to the serum creatinine reduction ratio and the need for dialysis. Hydration status was evaluated by calculating B-lines (BL) on LUS and the ratio of extracellular/total body water on BIA. Results: Ninety-eight kTx recipients were included in the study. Patients with immediate graft function (IGF) were compared to those with slow or delayed graft function (SGF + DGF). Recipients in the SGF + DGF group had a higher sum of BL on LUS before transplantation. After transplantation in early postoperative follow-up, both groups showed hyperhydration as determined by BIA and LUS. After one year, recipients with no BL before transplantation had better graft function than those with BL. Logistic regression analysis showed that having more than one BL in LUS was associated with a 2.5 times higher risk of SGF or DGF after transplantation. Conclusions: This study found that lung congestion detected by LUS before kTx was associated with slower graft recovery and worse kidney function after 1 year. Meanwhile, the hyperhydration status detected by BIA analysis did not correlate with the function of the transplanted kidney. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Studying the somatic characteristics of karate athletes can provide specific details on the morphological and functional factors best suited for this combat sport. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between selected aerobic and anaerobic parameters and the body composition of karate athletes. Materials and Methods: The study included 6 male karate athletes, medalists from European and world championships in senior categories, with a mean age of 28 ± 3 years. The inclusion criteria were training experience and sports skill level. Body composition was assessed using bioimpedance analysis. To evaluate special aerobic endurance parameters, a specific karatespecific aerobic test was used, along with monitoring of heart rate and changes in blood lactate levels. The Wingate test was chosen to determine the level of anaerobic performance. Results: The findings of the present study indicate that body composition is correlated with aerobic and anaerobic variables of karate athletes. Conclusions: These results indicate that karate athletes with a lower body fat mass perform techniques during the fight with higher intensity but with less power. On the contrary, those with a higher percentage of body fat perform techniques with less intensity but they use more power to perform a punch or kick. A low percentage of body fat and body fat mass have a positive effect on the level of anaerobic capacity, which increases with decreasing percentage and amount of body fat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The mortality of dialysis patients greatly exceeds that of the general population and identifying predictive factors for mortality may provide opportunities for earlier intervention. This study assessed the influence of sarcopenia on mortality in patients on haemodialysis. Methods This prospective, observational study enrolled 77 haemodialysis patients aged 60 years and over, of whom 33 (43%) were female, from two community dialysis centres. Baseline demographic and laboratory data were collected, and sarcopenia was diagnosed using grip strength, muscle mass by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and muscle function by timed up-and-go according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. Nutritional status was assessed using a subjective nutritional assessment score, comprising functional changes in weight, appetite, gastrointestinal symptoms and energy.. A comorbidity score (maximum 7 points) was derived from the presence or absence of hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, vascular disease (cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and abdominal aortic aneurysm), diabetes mellitus, respiratory disease, a history of malignancy and psychiatric disease. Outcomes over six years were linked to the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. Results The median participant age was 71 years (range 60–87). Probable and confirmed sarcopenia was present in 55.9% and severe sarcopenia with reduced functional testing in 11.7%. Over 6 years, overall mortality was 50 of the 77 patients (65%), principally from cardiovascular events, dialysis withdrawal and infection. There were no significant survival differences between patients with no, probable, confirmed, or severe sarcopenia, or between tertiles of the nutritional assessment score. After adjustment for age, dialysis vintage, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the total comorbidity score, no sarcopenia category predicted mortality. However, the total comorbidity score [Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.27, Confidence Intervals (CI) 1.02, 1.58, p = 0.03] and MAP (HR 0.96, CI 0.94, 0.99, P =

Aim– to assess the prevalence of low muscle mass and low bone density in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), depending on the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Material and methods.The study included 187 patients (mean age 65.16 ± 4.31 years), who were tested for fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, osteocalcin (OC), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), C-terminal type I collagen telopeptides (B-CTX), 25-hydroxyvitamin D, body composition and bone mineral density. Results.The prevalence of low muscle mass, osteopenia, and osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM was 35.8%, 38.5%, and 30.5%, respectively. The prevalence of low muscle mass was significantly higher in women with HbA1c 9.0% (p =0.035). Osteopenia and osteoporosis prevailed in men with HbA1c 9.0% (p=0.007 and p=0.048, respectively). The appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine, BMC and BMD of the thigh were significantly reduced in the osteoporosis and osteopenia groups (p0.05); while B-CTX, P1NP were significantly increased. In men, both ASMI (p=0.007) and P1NP levels (p=0.001) were important risk factors for osteopenia/osteoporosis, and in women such risk factor was ASMI (p=0.019). Conclusion.In T2DM patients, the high HbA1c levels were associated with higher rates of low muscle mass in women and osteoporosis in men, and ASMI was a risk factor for osteoporosis in both sexes.

Aim: Among the hand functions, grasping is an important function for the continuity of daily living activities. The assessment of grip strength is crucial for identifying athletic prowess, neuromuscular illnesses, assessing potential side effects following hand surgery, and treatment plans. It was aimed to examine whether bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and upper extremity anthropometric measurements are effected grip strength in young adults. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 110 young adults, 55 males and 55 females, aged 18-25 years. Individuals with a history of trauma, musculoskeletal problems, and cardiac, respiratory, metabolic, or systemic diseases were not included in the study. Non-flexible tape measure, Harpenden anthropometric set, digital caliper, hand dynamometer, and skinfold caliper were used for anthropometric measurements. Body fat percentage and lean body mass, muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, and total body fluid parameters were investigated by bioelectrical impedance measurement. Three measurements were taken to reduce the error rate, and the average of these measurements was considered. Results: Excluding arm circumference, forearm length, and wrist circumference from anthropometric measurements, and mineral from BIA parameters; anthropometric measurements and BIA results were found to be statistically significantly correlated with grip strength. Conclusion: Upper extremity anthropometric measurements and BIA were associated with grip strength and varied according to gender. Significant correlations were found between grip strength with most of the anthropometric parameters and BIA.

Abstract Background In chronic musculoskeletal pain patients, detection of sarcopenia is of significant clinical interest. Phase angle, which can be measured through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), can detect sarcopenia; however, the evidence in chronic musculoskeletal pain patients is limited. This study aimed to assess the relationship between phase angle and sarcopenia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Our hypothesis was that phase angle would be a useful indicator to identify sarcopenia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods A total of 190 patients (51 men and 139 women) with chronic musculoskeletal pain were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Patient data of backgrounds, numeric rating scale score for pain, skeletal muscle index, and phase angle assessed using BIA were retrospectively reviewed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria 2019. Results A total of 51 patients (26.7%), including 10 men (19.6%) and 41 women (29.5%), were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Phase angle, sarcopenia-related factors, age, and body mass index (BMI) differed significantly in patients with and without sarcopenia. On multiple logistic regression analysis, the prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly correlated with phase angle and BMI. The areas under the curve exhibited high accuracy in discriminating sarcopenia in men and moderate accuracy in both sexes and in women. Conclusions Phase angle may be a valid discriminator of sarcopenia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Objective: currently, many researchers are evaluating the morphological parameters of athletes in order to determine the morphofunctional status, which is only a small part of a comprehensive survey devoted, for example, to assessing nutrition or sports achievements. However, the primary task of sports morphology remains the search for “preferred” or “reference” somatotypes characteristic of a particular sport, since the key to sports success is not only the most effective fitness and endurance, but also the morphological status characteristic of a particular sport (anthropometric indicators, body composition and somatotypological profile).Purpose of the study: to summarize the data available to date, based on the results of original studies related to sports somatotypology.Materials and methods: to solve the tasks set, an analysis of the scientific and methodological literature devoted to the somatotypological characteristics of athletes of various groups and sports was used. 29 literature sources were analyzed, the data of literary (15) and own (14) studies on the problem of sports somatotypology were summarized.Results: the summary tables contain the somatotypological characteristics of athletes according to the time periods of work on determining the somatotypological profile of athletes. Table 1 presents the results of examinations by Mrtirosov Eduard Georgievich, a leading specialist in the field of functional and sports morphology, whose research dates back to the 1980s — 2000s. Table 2 contains a few results of studies conducted over the past 10 years, in which, as in the studies of Martirosov E.G., emphasis was placed on an integrated approach to assessing the physical development of athletes. Table 3 shows the result of studies carried out as part of the work of the Laboratory of Sports Anthropology and Nutrition (since January 2022 — the Laboratory of Anthroponutriology and Sports Nutrition) of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology" from 2018 to 2021, affecting some groups of sports, with the aim of determining the dynamics of the components of the somatotype of athletes depending on gender, age, sport, weight category, as well as playing roles.

Aims: Residual congestion at the time of hospital discharge is an important readmission risk factor, and its detection with physical examination and usual diagnostic techniques have strong limitations in overweight and obese patients. New tools like bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) could help to determine when euvolaemia is reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of BIA in management of heart failure (HF) in overweight and obese patients. Methods and results: Our study is a single‐centre, single‐blind, randomized controlled trial that included 48 overweight and obese patients admitted for acute HF. The study population was randomized into two arms: BIA‐guided group and standard care. Serum electrolytes, kidney function, and natriuretic peptides were followed up during their hospital stay and at 90 days after discharge. The primary endpoint was development of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) defined as an increase in serum creatinine by >0.5 mg/dL during hospitalization, and the main secondary endpoint was the reduction of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels during hospitalization and within 90 days after discharge. The BIA‐guided group showed a remarkable lower incidence of severe AKI, although no significant differences were found (41.4% vs. 16.7%; P = 0.057). The proportion of patients who achieved levels of NT‐proBNP < 1000 pg/mL at 90 days was significantly higher in the BIA‐guided group than in the standard group (58.8% vs. 25%; P = 0.049). No differences were observed in the incidence of adverse outcomes at 90 days. Conclusions: Among overweight and obese patients with HF, BIA reduces NT‐proBNP levels at 90 days compared with standard care. In addition, there is a trend towards lower incidence of AKI in the BIA‐guided group. Although more studies are required, BIA could be a useful tool in decompensated HF management in overweight and obese patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of muscle mass and physical performance is essential for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. This study examined the validity of bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and a sensor-based short physical performance battery (SPPB) device for analyzing appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and physical performance. Forty-one older adults were measured for ASM and physical performance with two BIA devices (InBody770 vs. T-SCAN PLUS III) and two SPPB devices (manual mSPPB vs. sensor-based sSPPB). Validity statistics included the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots to examine the agreement of data from the BIA (InBody770 vs. T-SCAN PLUS III) and the SPPBs (mSPPB vs. sSPPB). There was a significant ICC for skeletal muscle mass between the T-SCAN PLUS III and InBody770 devices (ICC = 0.8822; p < 0.0001). The mSPPB and sSPPB values showed agreement across all components: 0.8654 for the total scores, 0.8879 for the walking speed, 0.8889 for the chair stand, and 0.6863 for the standing balance. No systemic bias was observed between the two methods for the BIA and SPPB devices. Measurements using the T-SCAN PLUS III and sSPPB seem to be highly correlated with the InBody770 and mSPPB devices in older adults and may be valid for assessing muscle mass and physical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Head and neck cancer (H&NC) is a diverse category of tumors related to malignancies in the common aerodigestive pathway, with high metabolic rate, poor nutritional and treatment outcomes, and elevated mortality despite the best standard treatment. Herein, we focus on determining how the phase angle (PA) differs across sex as a predictor of poor prognosis, low quality-of-life (QoL) scores, and mortality in patients with head and neck cancer. This follow-up study presents a sex-differential analysis in a prospective cohort of 139 head and neck cancer patients categorized by sex as male (n = 107) and female (n = 32). Patients were compared in terms of nutritional, biochemical, and quality-of-life indicators between low and normal PA in women (<3.9° (n = 14, 43.75%) and ≥3.9°) and men (<4.5° (n = 62, 57.9%) and ≥4.5°). Our results show that most patients were in locally advanced clinical stages (women: n = 21 (65.7%); men: n = 67 (62.6%)) and that patients with low PA had a lower punctuation in parameters such as handgrip strength, four-meter walking speed, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and CRP/albumin ratio (CAR), as well as the worst QoL scores in functional and symptomatic scales in both the male and female groups. A comparison between sexes revealed significant disparities; malnourishment and tumor cachexia related to an inflammatory state was more evident in the women's group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Sarcopenia gained importance in the evaluation of patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), since it may impact negatively on clinical outcomes. Aim Aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia, defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) 2019 definition, and to evaluate the prevalence of the single criteria that define the EWGSOP2 definition (muscle strength, muscle quantity and physical performance), in a cohort of consecutive patients with IPF prospectively followed up in 9 hospitals in Northern Italy between December 2018 and May 2021. Methods Enrolled patients underwent an extensive pulmonary and nutritional assessment, including bioelectrical impedance analysis, dynamometry and 4-m gait speed test, both at IPF diagnosis and at 6-month follow-up. Results Out of the 83 patients (81% males, mean age 72.5 years) with IPF at disease diagnosis enrolled in the study, 19 (22.9%) showed sarcopenia, including 2 (2.4%) with severe sarcopenia, 5 (6.0%) with confirmed sarcopenia and 12 (14.5%) with probable sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was associated with a significantly higher severity of the disease and sedentary lifestyle, while no differences were observed in regards to body mass index, history of weight loss and comorbidities between patients with and without sarcopenia. Out of the 64 patients without sarcopenia at baseline, 16 cases showed alteration of muscle quantity and/or physical performance. In the 51 patients with complete data at 6-month follow-up, there were no cases of severe sarcopenia, 1 case (2.0%) showed confirmed sarcopenia, while the prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 19.6% (10 cases). No differences in regards to antifibrotic treatment received and onset of gastrointestinal side effects were observed between patients with and without sarcopenia at follow-up. Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with IPF both at diagnosis and at 6-month follow-up was low but not negligible and was associated with higher severity of the disease and sedentary lifestyle. In IPF patients, a comprehensive diagnostic work-up including all the criteria defining the EWGSOP2 definition might be more useful than a series testing for prompt recognition of nutritional and physical performance abnormalities.