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Objective To screen the risk factors for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) after tumor resection in children with supratentorial neoplasms due to new hydrocephalus or progression of existing hydrocephalus. Methods Total 199 children who underwent supratentorial neoplasms resection at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2011 to January 2021 were included. Socio-demographic data, course of disease and imaging data, tumor resection- related indicators and hydrocephalus occurrence and progression were collected. The risk factors for the occurrence or progression of existing hydrocephalus after supratentorial neoplasms resection were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Results Fifteen of 199 children (7.54%) with supratentorial tumors required VPS after surgery, of which 14 had new hydrocephalus or progression of existing hydrocephalus within 2 weeks after surgery. Logistic regression analysis showed the presence of preoperative coexisting hydrocephalus (OR = 14.756, 95%CI: 3.451-63.089; P = 0.000), tumor adjacent to the midline (OR = 5.466, 95%CI:1.409-21.203; P = 0.014), and large intraoperative bleeding (OR = 1.295, 95%CI: 1.016-1.650; P = 0.037) were risk factors for the need of VPS in children with supratentorial tumors. Conclusions Development or progression of hydrocephalus after tumor resection in children with supratentorial neoplasms occurs mostly within 2 weeks after surgery. Children with preoperative coexisting hydrocephalus, tumor adjacent to the midline, and large intraoperative bleeding should be alerted to development and acute progression of hydrocephalus after surgery.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological status of bladder cancer incidence and mortality in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2019. Methods The cancer registry data from Gansu Province during 2010 and 2019 was analyzed to calculate the crude incidence and mortality rates of bladder cancer, as well as the age-standardized rates for the Chinese population (AS- RC), the world population (ASRW), and the average annual percentage change (AAPC). Results In 2019, the crude incidence rate of bladder cancer in Gansu Province was 5.34 per 100 000, with the age-standardized rate for China at 3.44 per 100 000 and the world standard rate at 3.35 per 100 000. The incidence rates for males and females were 8.2 per 100 000 and 2.38 per 100 000, respectively; the urban and rural incidence rates were 5.38 per 100 000 and 5.27 per 100 000, respectively. The crude mortality rate was 1.62 per 100 000, with the age-standardized rates at 0.96 per 100 000 for China and 0.94 per 100 000 for the world. The mortality rates for males and females were 2.54 per 100 000 and 0.66 per 100 000, respectively; the urban and rural mortality rates were 1.68 per 100 000 and 1.52 per 100 000, respectively. The peak incidence and mortality rates were observed in the age groups of 75-79 years and 85 years and older, respectively. From 2010 to 2019, the incidence of bladder cancer in Gansu Province showed a yearly increase, with an AAPC of 5.06% (95%Cl: 2.58-7.58) for crude incidence and an AAPC of 5.18% (95%Cl: 2.48-7.95) for age-standardized incidence; the AAPC for mortality was 0.18% (95%Cl: -7.34-8.32) for crude mortality and -2.76% (95%Cl: -12.32-5.62) for age-standardized mortality. Conclusion In 2019, the incidence and mortality rates of bladder cancer in Gansu Province were lower than the national average. However, there was an upward trend in incidence from 2010 to 2019, with significant gender differences. Greater attention should be paid to bladder cancer prevention and control strategies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a fatal challenge to the traditional cognition, which the W and Cu deposits distribute in the south and north regions of Jiangxi Province respectively, when the super Cu-W deposit in Zhuxi area was discovered recently, which attracts domestic researchers' attention and their interests in restudying geology of Taqian-Fuchun metallogenic belt in Zhuxi area that provides pivotal proofs for phenomenon of the south W deposit extends to the north region of the area. The recent discovery of the super Cu-W deposit in the Zhuxi area of northeast Jiangxi has challenged the belief that W and Cu deposits are distributed in the south and north regions of the province respectively and has led to a renewed interest in analyzing these areas again. The metallogenesis types in the Taqian-Fuchun metallogenic belt are complicated with multiple ores. For instance, Cu, W, Mo and Au are related to various igneous rocks, with some diagenesis. To address geological issues, such as the tectonic evolutional setting and ore material origins, which need to be solved urgently, the zircon U-Pb isotopic method of LA-ICP-MS was utilized and is reported in this paper in order to date the ore-related magmatic rocks. The results show that there were at least three periods of magmatism and two stages of metallogenesis in the belt. The three periods of magmatism include 850 Ma and 160 Ma granodiorites and for the lamprophyre veins, 146 Ma granites. Two stages of metallogenesis are the Taqian skarn-type W-Mo deposit and the Yuexing skarn-type Cu polymetallic deposit related to the 160 Ma granites, and the Zhuxi skarn-type Cu-W deposit related to the 146 Ma granites. Thus, considering previous regional data, the hypothesis from this study is that the ore-related magmas of Neoproterozoic and Jurassic in the belt were derived from the same magma chamber and the latter was inherited from the former. The porphyry granite and aplite veins formed in 145 Ma are the indicators of Cu-W deposit.

Disruption of gamma‐amino butyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) synaptic clustering and a decrease in the number of GABAARs in the plasma membrane are thought to contribute to alteration of the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, which promotes seizure induction and propagation. The multipass transmembrane protein cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1 (Clptm1) controls the forward trafficking of GABAAR, thus decaying miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) of inhibitory synapses. In this study, using a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)‐induced epilepsy rat model, we found that Clptm1 regulates epileptic seizures by modulating GABAAR‐mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission. First, we showed that Clptm1 expression was elevated in the PTZ‐induced epileptic rats. Subsequently, we found that downregulation of Clptm1 expression protected against PTZ‐induced seizures, which was attributed to an increase in the number of GABAARγ2s in the plasma membrane and the amplitude of mIPSC. Taken together, our findings identify a new anti‐seizure target that provides a theoretical basis for the development of novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Atherosclerosis is considered to be a chronic inflammatory disease. Astragali Radix extract (ARE) is one of the major active ingredients extracted from the root of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. Although ARE has an anti-inflammatory function, its anti-atherosclerotic effects and mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Methods Murine endothelial SVEC4-10 cells were pretreated with different doses of ARE at different times prior to induction with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Cell adhesion assays were performed using THP-1 cells and assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses to detect the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), phosphorylated inhibitor of κB (p-iκB) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. We also examined the effect of ARE on atherosclerosis in the aortic endothelium of apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice. Results TNF-α strongly increased the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 accompanied by increased expression of p-iκB and NF-κB proteins. However, the expression levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were reduced by ARE in dose- and time-dependent manners, with the strongest effect at a dose of 120 μg/ml incubated for 4 h. This was accompanied by significantly decreased expression of p-iκB and inhibited activation of NF-κB. Immunofluorescence analysis also revealed that oral administration of ARE resulted in downregulation of adhesion molecules and decreased expression of macrophages in the aortic endothelium of apoE−/− mice. ARE could suppress the inflammatory reaction and inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE−/− mice. Conclusion This study demonstrated that ARE might be an effective anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis, possibly acting via the decreased expression of adhesion molecules.