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Supplementary Material 1

DESCRIPTION OF STREPTOMYCES GOSSYPIISOLI SP. NOV. Streptomyces gossypiisoli (gos.sy.pi.i.so'li. N.L. neut. n. Gossypium the botanical genus name of the cotton plant; L. neut. n. solum soil; N.L. gen. n. gossypiisoli of cotton soil). Produces extensively branched substrate mycelia and aerial hyphae after cultivation for 1 week at 37 °C on Cochrane one agar medium. The aerial hyphae are white and welldeveloped. The spores are short, straight rod-shaped and distributed in clusters. The pH and NaCl tolerance ranges for growth are 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–8.0), and 0–7 % (w/v; optimum, 1% w/v), respectively. The temperature range for growth is from 16 to 45 °C (optimum, 37 °C). Good growth occurs on ISP 2 medium, PDA and Cochrane one medium; weak growth occurs on ISP 1, ISP 3, ISP 4, ISP 5, ISP 6, and ISP 7 media and nutrient agar. Red diffusible pigment is produced on all media tested. Uses D-mannitol,D-glucose,D-fucose,D-fructose,L-rhamnose, D-galactose, lactose, raffinose and sucrose as sole carbon sources; does not use L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-fructose and D-ribose as sole carbon sources. Positive for urease, catalase, cellulose hydrolysis, lipase production, starch hydrolysis, milk coagulation, gelatin hydrolysis, nitrate reduction and oxidase production, but negative for production of H2S. The diagnostic whole-cell wall amino acid is LL-diaminopimelic acid. The whole-cell sugars are glucose and ribose. The major cellular fatty acids include iso-C 16:0, C 16:0, anteiso-C 15:0, anteiso-C 17:0, iso-C 14:0 and iso-C 15:0. The polar lipids include DPG, PE, PC, PI and PIM. The major menaquinones are MK-9(H 10), MK-9(H 6) and MK-9(H 4). The genomic DNA G+C content of the type strain TRM 44567 T is 70.8 mol%. The type strain, TRM 44567 T (=KCTC 39957 T =CCTCC AA2017011 T), was isolated from a cotton field in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest PR China. The GenBank /EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TRM 44567 T is MN548415. The TRM 44567 T genome sequence was deposited in GenBank (JACAOI000000000).

Table S2. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision of analytes in rats blank samples. (DOC 19Â kb)

Table S5. Stability of MON and DA in blank plasma samples (nâ =â 5). (DOC 19Â kb)

Table S4. Dilution integrity experiments of MON and DA (n = 5, mean ± SD). (DOC 19 kb)

Table S1. Standard curves, linear ranges, correlation coefficients and lower limit of quantification of MON and DA in biological samples. (DOC 68Â kb)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Norcantharidin (NCTD), a demethylated analog of cantharidin, possesses antimetastatic effects on HCC cells. The aim of this study was to identify target proteins of NCTD. In this study, we confirmed the antimetastatic effects of NCTD on SMMC-7721 and MHCC-97H cells. Through RNA sequencing, we found a non-canonical poly (A) polymerase, Family-with-sequence-similarity-46C (FAM46C) was up-regulated in response to NCTD exposure. Gene set enrichment analysis on The Cancer Genome Atlas liver HCC (LIHC) dataset revealed that metastasis down pathway was strongly associated with FAM46C expression. Overexpression of FAM46C in HCC cells suppressed cell migration and invasion via suppressing transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Additionally, the antimetastatic effects of NCTD on HCC cells were partially rescued by FAM46C knockdown. Collectively, our results suggested that FAM46C, up-regulated by NCTD treatment, played a critical role in promoting the migration and invasion of HCC cells via TGF-β/Smad signaling. We identified a new therapeutic target of NCTD.

Osteoporosis is a major health hazard and is a disease of old age; it is a silent epidemic affecting more than 200 million people worldwide in recent years. Based on a large number of chemical and pharmacological research many plants and their compounds have been shown to possess antiosteoporosis activity. This paper reviews the medicinal plants displaying antiosteoporosis properties including their origin, active constituents, and pharmacological data. The plants reported here are the ones which are commonly used in traditional medical systems and have demonstrated clinical effectiveness against osteoporosis. Although many plants have the potential to prevent and treat osteoporosis, so far, only a fraction of these plants have been thoroughly investigated for their physiological and pharmacological properties including their mechanism of action. An attempt should be made to highlight plant species with possible antiosteoporosis properties and they should be investigated further to help with future drug development for treating this disease.