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1. Targeting Lactobacillus johnsonii to reverse chronic kidney disease.

Author

Miao, Hua, Liu, Fei, Wang, Yan-Ni, Yu, Xiao-Yong, Zhuang, Shougang, Guo, Yan, Vaziri, Nosratola, Ma, Shi-Xing, Su, Wei, Shang, You-Quan, Gao, Ming, Zhang, Jin-Hua, Zhang, Li, Zhao, Ying-Yong, and Cao, Gang

Subjects
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Animals, Rats, Humans, Mice, Male, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Indoles, Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Female
Abstract

Accumulated evidence suggested that gut microbial dysbiosis interplayed with progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, no available therapy is effective in suppressing progressive CKD. Here, using microbiomics in 480 participants including healthy controls and patients with stage 1-5 CKD, we identified an elongation taxonomic chain Bacilli-Lactobacillales-Lactobacillaceae-Lactobacillus-Lactobacillus johnsonii correlated with patients with CKD progression, whose abundance strongly correlated with clinical kidney markers. L. johnsonii abundance reduced with progressive CKD in rats with adenine-induced CKD. L. johnsonii supplementation ameliorated kidney lesion. Serum indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), whose level strongly negatively correlated with creatinine level in CKD rats, decreased in serum of rats induced using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and 5/6 nephrectomy (NX) as well as late CKD patients. Treatment with IAld dampened kidney lesion through suppressing aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signal in rats with CKD or UUO, and in cultured 1-hydroxypyrene-induced HK-2 cells. Renoprotective effect of IAld was partially diminished in AHR deficiency mice and HK-2 cells. Our further data showed that treatment with L. johnsonii attenuated kidney lesion by suppressing AHR signal via increasing serum IAld level. Taken together, targeting L. johnsonii might reverse patients with CKD. This study provides a deeper understanding of how microbial-produced tryptophan metabolism affects host disease and discovers potential pathways for prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for CKD patients.

Published
2024

5. Discrimination of Coherent States via Atom-Field Interaction without Rotation Wave Approximation

Author

Zhang, Jin-Hua, Zhang, Fu-Lin, Liang, Mai-Lin, Wang, Zhi-Xi, and Fei, Shao-Ming

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

The quantum state discrimination is an important part of quantum information processing. We investigate the discrimination of coherent states through Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model interaction between the field and the ancilla without rotation wave approximation (RWA). We show that the minimum failure probability can be reduced as RWA is eliminated from JC model and the non-RWA terms accompanied by the quantum effects of fields (e.g. the virtual photon process in the JC model without RWA) can enhance the state discrimination. The JC model without RWA for unambiguous state discrimination is superior to ambiguous state discrimination, particularly when the number of sequential measurements increases. Unambiguous state discrimination implemented via the non-RWA JC model is beneficial to saving resource cost., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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6. Unambiguous state discrimination with intrinsic coherence

Author

Zhang, Jin-Hua, Zhang, Fu-Lin, Wang, Zhi-Xi, Yang, Hui, and Fei, Shao-Ming

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We investigate the discrimination of pure-mixed (quantum filtering) and mixed-mixed states and compare their optimal success probability with the one for discriminating other pairs of pure states superposed by the vectors included in the mixed states. We prove that under the equal-fidelity condition, the pure-pure state discrimination scheme is superior to the pure-mixed (mixed-mixed) one. With respect to quantum filtering, the coherence exists only in one pure state and is detrimental to the state discrimination for lower dimensional systems; while it is the opposite for the mixed-mixed case with symmetrically distributed coherence. Making an extension to infinite-dimensional systems, we find that the coherence which is detrimental to state discrimination may become helpful and vice versa., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021
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7. Probabilistic resumable quantum teleportation in high dimensions

Author

Chen, Xiang, Zhang, Jin-Hua, and Zhang, Fu-Lin

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Teleportation is a quantum information processes without classical counterparts, in which the sender can disembodied transfer unknown quantum states to the receiver. In probabilistic teleportation through a partial entangled quantum channel, the transmission is exact (with fidelity 1), but may fail in a probability and the initial state is destroyed simultaneously. We propose a scheme for nondestructive probabilistic teleportation of high-dimensional quantum states. With the aid of an ancilla in the hands of the sender, the initial quantum information can be recovered when teleportation fails. The ancilla acts as a quantum apparatus to measure the sender's subsystem. Erasing the information recorded in it can resume the initial state., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure

Published
2021
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8. Discriminating bipartite mixed states by local operations

Author

Zhang, Jin-Hua, Zhang, Fu-Lin, Wang, Zhi-Xi, Lai, Le-Min, and Fei, Shao-Ming

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Unambiguous state discrimination of two mixed bipartite states via local operations and classical communications (LOCC) is studied and compared with the result of a scheme realized via global measurement. We show that the success probability of a global scheme for mixed-state discrimination can be achieved perfectly by the local scheme. In addition, we simulate this discrimination via a pair of pure entangled bipartite states. This simulation is perfect for local rather than global schemes due to the existence of entanglement and global coherence in the pure states. We also prove that LOCC protocol and the sequential state discrimination (SSD) can be interpreted in a unified view. We then hybridize the LOCC protocol with three protocols (SSD, reproducing and broadcasting) relying on classical communications. Such hybridizations extend the gaps between the optimal success probability of global and local schemes, which can be eliminated only for the SSD rather than the other two protocols.

Published
2020
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10. Sequential state discrimination with quantum correlation

Author

Zhang, Jin-Hua, Zhang, Fu-Lin, and Liang, Mai-Lin

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

The sequential unambiguous state discrimination (SSD) of two states prepared in arbitrary prior probabilities is studied, and compared with three strategies that allow classical communication. The deviation from equal probabilities contributes to the success in all the tasks considered. When one considers at least one of the parties succeeds, the protocol with probabilistic cloning is superior to others, which is not observed in the special case with equal prior probabilities. We also investigate the roles of quantum correlations in SSD, and show that the procedure requires discords but rejects entanglement. The left and right discords correspond to the part of information extracted by the first observer and the part left to his successor respectively. Their relative difference is extended by the imbalance of prior probabilities., Comment: 16pages, 6figs. We have corrected a mistake in Eq. (7a)

Published
2017
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12. Alien lesser bandicoot rats have established wild populations in China.

Author

Zhang, Ming-Yu, Li, Zhi-Ming, Cao, Rui-Dong, Zhang, Jin-Hua, Liu, Qing, Zhu, Xi-Chao, Liu, Quan-Sheng, Zhang, Yao-Hua, and Zhang, Jian-Xu

Subjects
INTRODUCED animals, MITOCHONDRIAL DNA, CRANIOMETRY, BIOLOGICAL extinction, AGRICULTURE
Abstract

The article in "Current Zoology" discusses the establishment of wild populations of alien lesser bandicoot rats in China. Researchers captured 11 lesser bandicoot rats in Ruili City, Yunnan Province, indicating the presence of a wild population. The rats were identified based on their external morphology, skull measurements, and genetic analysis, showing a close relationship with samples from Myanmar. The study highlights the potential ecological and health risks posed by the invasive species and calls for further investigation and control measures to prevent their spread in China. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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19. Species recognition and the divergences in the chemical and ultrasonic signals between two coexisting Rattus species.

Author

Wang, Wei-Chao, Li, Zhi-Ming, Chen, Yi, Zhang, Jin-Hua, Zhang, Jian-Xu, and Zhang, Yao-Hua

Subjects
RATTUS norvegicus, RATTUS rattus, ISOELECTRIC focusing, GEL electrophoresis, SOUNDS, RATS
Abstract

The ability to recognize and differentiate between conspecifics and heterospecifics as well as their signals is critical for the coexistence of closely related species. In the genus Rattus , species are morphologically similar and multiple species often coexist. Here, we investigated the interspecific recognition and signal differentiation of two sympatric rat species, the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus , RN) and the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi , RT). In a two-way choice test, both RN and RT females showed a preference for conspecific male rats to heterospecific ones. RT females showed a significant preference for accessible urine of males of same species to those of other species, but not for the inaccessible urine. On the other hand, there were significant differences in the structural characteristics of the ultrasonic vocalization emitted by males of these two rat species. Sodium dodecyl sulphate‒polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‒PAGE) and isoelectric focusing electrophoresis unveiled that major urinary proteins (MUPs) in voided urine were more highly expressed in RN males versus RT males. The interspecific differences of urinary volatile compounds were also discussed. In conclusion, female rats had the ability to distinguish between males of either species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. A Study of the Creative Design Education In View of Convergence Design

Author

Su Kun and Zhang Jin Hua

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The futurist, Daniel H. Pink, characterized the 21st century as an era of "convergence" and "perpetual". In his book, "A Whole New Mind", he proposed that we are transforming from a philosophy that emphasizes logic, order and computer efficiency to the age of innovation, empathy, and inter-disciplinary integration [1]. The integration of traditional business models, technologies, and related processes will become the driving force for next industrial revolution. Toffler & Alvin also argued in his book "The Third Wave" that with the continuous development of the knowledge and information, the partitioned societal structure will become meaningless [2]. Therefore, in the age of perceptivity that emphasizes on the integration, if the country or organization wants to take the lead, the education of integration and perceptivity in the education system will become indispensable. Abraham Maslow said that education is a process of acquiring knowledge, a means that the national and economic development depends on, and a planned change in human behavior. Therefore, developing creative future integrated designers whose minds and talents are consist with the converging markets, and who are sensitive to customers’ needs in a timely manner is an important issue in the field of education today. This study attempts to investigate the current status of convergence design and its education. Based on this study, some new suggestions will be proposed on the necessity of convergence design and convergence design education.

Published
2021
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26. The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Sarcopenia Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Zhang,Hai Yan, Chong,Mei Chan, Tan,Maw Pin, Chua,Yan Piaw, Zhang,Jin Hua, Zhang,Hai Yan, Chong,Mei Chan, Tan,Maw Pin, Chua,Yan Piaw, and Zhang,Jin Hua

Abstract

Hai Yan Zhang,1 Mei Chan Chong,1 Maw Pin Tan,2 Yan Piaw Chua,3 Jin Hua Zhang4 1Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 4Faculty of Nursing, Xin Xiang Medical University, Xin Xiang City, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mei Chan Chong, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia, Tel +603-79492806, Email mcchong@um.edu.my Jin Hua Zhang, Faculty of Nursing, Xin Xiang Medical University, Xin Xiang City, 453000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13837328062, Email zjh.warm@163.comPurpose: To evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms and sarcopenia among older adults.Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 700 community-dwelling older persons enrolled in this study. Sarcopenia is defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019). The bioelectrical impedance analysis assessed muscle mass while a digital dynamometer quantified muscle strength. Furthermore, a 6-meter gait speed test measured physical performance. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) screened for depressive symptoms. Data collected include those of socio-demographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity.Results: The sample comprised 700 participants (455 women) with a mean age of 70.4± 6.8 years. 21.5% had sarcopenia, among them, 5.6% at severe stage, while depressive symptoms were present in 8.1% (57/700). After adjusting for the potential confounders of age, sex, marital status, living status, hypertension, body mass index, and physical activity, the depressive symptoms that were found were not associated with sarcopenia but, instead, low gait speed. However, severe sarcopenia significantly impacted the risk of

Published
2022

29. Russula clavulus B. Chen & J. F. Liang 2021, sp. nov

Author

Chen, Bin, Song, Jie, Zhang, Jin-Hua, and Liang, Jun-Feng

Subjects
Agaricomycetes, Russulaceae, Basidiomycota, Russula clavulus, Fungi, Biodiversity, Russula, Russulales, Taxonomy
Abstract

Russula clavulus B. Chen & J. F. Liang, sp. nov. (Figs 2A���D, 3, 4) MycoBank: MB 832290 Etymology: ��� clavulus (Latin) refers to basidiomata of this species look like a tack nailed to the ground. Holotype: ��� CHINA, Yunnan Province, Kunming city, Yeya Lake, 28 July 2014, broadleaf forests, dominated by Quercus, 25��07���34���N; 102��51���42���E, 2126m asl., leg. LHJ14072805 (RITF 3334). Diagnosis: ��� Basidiomata medium-sized to large; pale to pale yellow pileus centre with small brown spots, margin with tuberculate striation up to the 1/3 of the radius; lamellae with some small pale yellow spots; white to yellowish spore print; subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores with short or long ridges; hymenial cystidia on lamellae sides that are mainly subclavate or fusiform and apically often obtuse or acute; pileocystidia near the pileus margin always long and one-celled, turning light purple in SV. Description: ��� Basidiomata medium-sized to large, 70���92 mm in diam., broadly convex to applanate with a slightly depressed centre; margin incurved, rarely cracked, tuberculate striation up to the 1/3 of the radius; cuticle smooth, glabrous, viscous when humid, not peeling readily; pale (2A2) to pale yellow (4A3) with small brown spots in the cap centre; margin white (1A1), buttercup yellow (4A5) in some part. Lamellae 2���4 mm deep, relatively dense, adnate to slightly free, white (1A1) to pale (2A2), with some small pale yellow (4A3) spots; lamellulae rarely or absent; occasionally forked and slightly interveined near the stipe. Stipe 80���95�� 10���25 mm, central, subcylindrical to cylindrical, slightly expanded towards the base, surface dry, rugulose longitudinally, white to whitish with or brownish spot, pithy and hollow. Context 2���3 mm thick at pileus centre, white to cream, unchanging when bruised; taste mild to slightly acrid; odour indistinct. Spore print white to yellowish. Spores (5.6���)7.0���7.8���8.6(���9.0) �� (5.4���)6.5���7.2���8.0(���8.3) ��m, Q=(1.0���)1.03���1.09���1.14(���1.24), subglobose to broadly ellipsoid; ornamentation of large, distant to moderately distant (3���6 in a 3 ��m diam. circle) amyloid warts, up to 1.6 ��m high, isolated or occasionally fused (0���2 fusions in the circle), often forming short or long ridges [1��� 3 fusions in the circle], line connections absent; suprahilar spot indistinct. Basidia (30.6���)43.6���48.8���54(���57.7) �� (9.6���)11.5���12.9���14.2(���15.5) ��m, mostly 4-spored, some 2- and 3-spored, subclavate to clavate, some with granulose contents, rarely containing oil droplets; basidiola clavate, ca.10���18 ��m wide. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae sides moderately numerous, ca. 1000/mm 2, (45.2���)48���53.4���58.8(���65) �� (5.8���)7.2���10���13(���16) ��m, subclavate or fusiform, apically often obtuse or acute, sometimes moniliform, occasionally with 2���8 ��m long appendage, thin-walled; contents abundant granulose or flocculent, turning to blackish-grey in SV. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae edges often longer and narrower, (47���)52.5���58.8���65.2(���75) �� (5.4���)6���7.8���9.6(���13.7) ��m, narrowly clavate to subcylindrical, apically obtuse or mucronate, sometimes with 2���5 ��m long appendage, contents granulose, turning to blackish-grey in SV. Marginal cells (9.3���)11.8���15���18.3(���21.5) �� (4���)4.8���5.6���6.5(���7.3) ��m, clavate or subcylindrical, sometimes flexuous. Pileipellis orthochromatic in Cresyl blue, not sharply delimited from the underlying context, 185���255 ��m deep, two���layered; suprapellis 65���75 ��m deep, composed of ascending or erect hyphae terminations; subpellis 120���180 ��m deep, composed of strongly gelatinised horizontally narrow hyphae. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin rarely branched, sometimes flexuous, thin���walled; terminal cells (12���)13.7���24.7���35.7(���60.7) �� (2.5���)3.2���4.3���5.3(���7) ��m, mainly clavate, occasionally subcylindrical, apically obtuse; subterminal cells often narrower, ca. 2���5 ��m wide, usually unbranched. Hyphal terminations near the pileus centre less flexuous; shorter terminal cells (8.9���)13.4���20.6��� 27.8(���37.6) �� (2.7���)3.6���4.6���5.6(���9.3) ��m, lageniform or subcylindrical, apically obtuse or occasionally attenuated; subterminal cells often shorter, usually unbranched, ca. 2.5���6 ��m wide. Pileocystidia near the pileus margin always long one-celled, (38.7���)76���129���182(���200) �� (3.9���)4.4���5.8���7(���9) ��m, cylindrical to clavate, apically usually obtuse or occasionally mucronate, contents dense granulose, turning to brownish���black in SV. Pileocystidia near the pileus centre often shorter, similar in shape and contents, (38.2���)59���74���89(���100) �� (5���)5.5���6.4���7.3(���9) ��m, contents turning to brownish���black in SV. Cystidioid hyphae in subpellis and context, contents granulose. Oleiferous hyphae in context, with oil contents. Additional specimens examined: ��� CHINA, Guizhou Province, Zunyi city, Wuchuan County, Fenshui Town, Jinhua Village, 22 September 2014, 28��53���29��� N, 107��59���7��� E, 1072m asl., leg. LHJ14092226 (RITF 3300); ibid., Southwest Guizhou Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Wangmo County, Wangmo Nature Reserve, 23 August 2013, 25��12���34���N; 106��15���48���E, 1272m asl., leg. Wu 481 (RITF 3216); Yunnan Province, Kunming city, Qiongzhu Temple, 28 July 2012, 25��03���55���N; 102��37���28���E, 2153m asl., leg. R5 (RITF 3204)., Published as part of Chen, Bin, Song, Jie, Zhang, Jin-Hua & Liang, Jun-Feng, 2021, Morphology and molecular phylogeny reveal two new species in Russula sect. Ingratae from China, pp. 109-123 in Phytotaxa 525 (2) on page 114, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.525.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5701888

Published
2021
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30. Russula multilamellula B. Chen & J. F. Liang 2021, sp. nov

Author

Chen, Bin, Song, Jie, Zhang, Jin-Hua, and Liang, Jun-Feng

Subjects
Agaricomycetes, Russulaceae, Russula multilamellula, Basidiomycota, Fungi, Biodiversity, Russula, Russulales, Taxonomy
Abstract

Russula multilamellula B. Chen & J. F. Liang, sp. nov. (Figs 2E���H, 5,6) MycoBank: MB 836307 Etymology: ��� multilamellula (Latin), referring to the species has many lamellulae. Holotype:��� CHINA. Guizhou Province, Zunyi city, Daozhen County, Yuxi Town, 24 September 2014, on the ground in Pinus forest, 28��53���26.22���N, 107��36���31.05���E, 819m asl., leg. LHJ14092423 (RITF 3346). Diagnosis: ��� Basidiomata medium���sized; brownish orange to hazel centre, margin satin white to yellowish-white with brownish tinge; lamellulae often present, usually irregular in length and often anastomosing with lamellae; lily white stipe with brownish spot at the base, slightly curved towards centre; subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores with short or long ridges; hymenial cystidia apically mainly obtuse, contents granulose or crystalline, turning to yellowishbrown in SV; marginal cells sometimes flexuous; Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin sometimes flexuous, terminal cells apically usually obtuse, occasionally attenuated; pileocystidia always one-celled, apically often obtuse, contents turning light purple in SV. Description: ��� Basidiomata medium-sized, 50���75 mm in diam., hemispheric to planoconvex with a slightly depressed centre above the stipe; margin incurved, tuberculate striation up to the 1/3 of the radius; cuticle smooth, glabrous, slightly viscid when wet, peeling readily; brownish orange (6C8) to hazel (6E7) at the centre, margin satin white (2A1) to yellowish-white (3A2) with brownish tinge. Lamellae adnate to adnexed, relatively dense, up to 6mm deep, lily white(1A1) to satin white (2A1); lamellulae often present, (0)1���3 between each pair of the lamellae, usually irregular in length and often anastomosing with lamellae; furcations absent or rare; edge entire and concolour. Stipe 50���60 �� 12���16 mm, central to subcentral, subcylindrical to cylindrical, slightly curved towards centre, slightly inflate near the base, rugulose longitudinally, surface dry, lily white (1A1) with brownish spot at the base, pithy and hollow. Context 2���3 mm thick at pileus centre, white to cream, without colour changing when bruised; tastes lightly bitter; odour indistinct. Spore print white to cream. Spores (5.6���)6.3���6.9���7.4(���8) �� (5���)5.8���6.4���7(���7.3) ��m, Q=(1.0���)1.01���1.07���1.13(���1.25), subglobose to broadly ellipsoid; ornamentation of large, moderately distant to dense (4���7 in a 3 ��m diam. circle) amyloid warts, up to 1.5 ��m high, occasionally fused in long chains (0���2 fusions in the circle), often forming short or long ridges (2���3 fusions in the circle), line connections absent; suprahilar spot large, inamyloid. Basidia (38.8���)45.3���52.9���60.4(���85) �� (5.6���)10.8��� 13.7���16.6(���18.2) ��m, mostly 4-spored, some 2- and 3-spored, subclavate or clavate; basidiola subcylindrical or clavate, ca. 7���15 ��m wide. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae sides moderately numerous, ca. 1000/mm 2, (61.6���)73.5���84.5���95.5(��� 115) �� (6.9���)10.2���12.6���15(���18.8) ��m, clavate or subcylindrical, apically obtuse and mucronate, often with 2���6 ��m long appendage, thin-walled, contens granulose or crystalline, turning to yellowish-brown in SV. Hymenial cystidia on lamellae edges (43���)54.7���67���79.3(���88.5) �� (5���)8.6���11.3���14(���20) ��m, often smaller, clavate or fusiform, apically mainly obtuse, occasionally mucronate, sometimes with 2���5 ��m long appendage, contents granulose or crystalline, thin-walled, turning to yellowish-brown in SV. Marginal cells (10���)12.3���16.7���21(���28) �� (3���)4.4���5.4���6.5(���8) ��m, narrowly clavate or fusiform, often flexuous. Pileipellis orthochromatic in Cresyl blue, not sharply delimited from the underlying context, 180���260 ��m deep, two-layered, weakly gelatinized; suprapellis 120���160 ��m deep, consisting of erect or repent hyphal terminations; subpellis 80���120 ��m deep, consisting of horizontally orientated, relatively dense, intricate, 2-6 ��m wide hyphae. Hyphal terminations near the pileus margin occasionally branched, sometimes flexuous, thin-walled; terminal cells (12.9���)17.3���24.6���32(���40.3) �� (3���)3.5���4���4.7(���5.6) ��m, mainly cylindrical, rarely lageniform or fusiform, apically usually obtuse but occasionally attenuated; subterminal cells often shorter and wider, ca. 3���7 ��m wide, unbranched or occasionally branched. Hyphal terminations near the pileus centre less flexuous; shorter terminal cells (8.4���)9.5���13.6���17.6(���23.6) �� (2.4���)3.4���4.3���5.3(���7.4) ��m, mainly cylindrical and clavate, apically usually obtuse and rarely attenuated; subterminal cells usually wider, ca. 3���6 ��m wide, unbranched or rarely branched. Pileocystidia near the pileus margin always one���celled, (40.7���)45.3���59.3���73.3(���90) �� (3.6���)4.2���5���6(���7) ��m, narrowly clavate to subcylindrical, often flexuous, apically usually obtuse, with granulose contents, turning light purple in SV. Pileocystidia near the pileus centre often longer and wider, (53.5���)61.5���77.4���93.4(���120) �� (4.8���)5.6��� 9.2���12.9(���18.8) ��m, usually clavate or subcylindrical, often flexuous, apically obtuse and with similar contents, turning light purple in SV. Cystidioid hyphae in subpellis and context, with granulose contents. Oleiferous hyphae abundant in subpellis, with oil contents. Additional specimens examined: ��� CHINA, Guizhou Province, Tongren city, Mount Fanjing National Nature Reserve, 11 July 2012, 27��56���36���N; 108��36���47���E, 810m, asl., leg. Wuxingliang 03 (RITF3260)., Published as part of Chen, Bin, Song, Jie, Zhang, Jin-Hua & Liang, Jun-Feng, 2021, Morphology and molecular phylogeny reveal two new species in Russula sect. Ingratae from China, pp. 109-123 in Phytotaxa 525 (2) on page 117, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.525.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5701888

Published
2021
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32. 1‐Hydroxypyrene mediates renal fibrosis through aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling pathway

Author

Miao, Hua, primary, Wu, Xia‐Qing, additional, Wang, Yan‐Ni, additional, Chen, Dan‐Qian, additional, Chen, Lin, additional, Vaziri, Nosratola D., additional, Zhuang, Shougang, additional, Guo, Yan, additional, Su, Wei, additional, Ma, Shi‐Xing, additional, Zhang, Huan‐Qiao, additional, Shang, You‐Quan, additional, Yu, Xiao‐Yong, additional, Zhao, Yan‐Long, additional, Mao, Jia‐Rong, additional, Gao, Ming, additional, Zhang, Jin‐Hua, additional, Zhao, Jin, additional, Zhang, Yuan, additional, Zhang, Li, additional, Zhao, Ying‐Yong, additional, and Cao, Gang, additional

Published
2021
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44. 1‐Hydroxypyrene mediates renal fibrosis through aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling pathway.

Author

Miao, Hua, Wu, Xia‐Qing, Wang, Yan‐Ni, Chen, Dan‐Qian, Chen, Lin, Vaziri, Nosratola D., Zhuang, Shougang, Guo, Yan, Su, Wei, Ma, Shi‐Xing, Zhang, Huan‐Qiao, Shang, You‐Quan, Yu, Xiao‐Yong, Zhao, Yan‐Long, Mao, Jia‐Rong, Gao, Ming, Zhang, Jin‐Hua, Zhao, Jin, Zhang, Yuan, and Zhang, Li

Subjects
RENAL fibrosis, CELLULAR signal transduction, ADENINE, CHRONIC kidney failure, GENE expression, PROTEIN receptors, ARYL hydrocarbon receptors
Abstract

Background and Purpose: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), patients inevitably reach end‐stage renal disease and require renal transplant. Evidence suggests that CKD is associated with metabolite disorders. However, the molecular pathways targeted by metabolites remain enigmatic. Here, we describe roles of 1‐hydroxypyrene in mediating renal fibrosis. Experimental Approach We analysed 5406 urine and serum samples from patients with Stage 1–5 CKD using metabolomics, and 1‐hydroxypyrene was identified and validated using longitudinal and drug intervention cohorts as well as 5/6 nephrectomised and adenine‐induced rats. Key Results: We identified correlations between the urine and serum levels of 1‐hydroxypyrene and the estimated GFR in patients with CKD onset and progression. Moreover, increased 1‐hydroxypyrene levels in serum and kidney tissues correlated with decreased renal function in two rat models. Up‐regulated mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its target genes, including CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, were observed in patients and rats with progressive CKD. Further we showed up‐regulated mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its three target genes, plus up‐regulated nuclear aryl hydrocarbon receptor protein levels in mice and HK‐2 cells treated with 1‐hydroxypyrene, which caused accumulation of extracellular matrix components. Treatment with aryl hydrocarbon receptor short hairpin RNA or flavonoids inhibited mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its target genes in 1‐hydroxypyrene‐induced HK‐2 cells and mice. Conclusion and Implications: Metabolite 1‐hydroxypyrene was demonstrated to mediate renal fibrosis through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling pathway. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for CKD progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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47. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of catechin and quercetin in flavonoids extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt

Author

Hao, Ming-Hua, Zhang, Fan, Liu, Xing-Xia, Wang, Li-Juan, Xu, Sai- Juan, Zhang, Jin-Hua, Ji, Hong-Long, and Xu, Ping

Subjects
Rosa roxburghii Tratt, Flavonoids, Catechin, Quercetin
Abstract

Purpose: To perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of catechin and quercetin in flavonoids extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt.Methods: Total flavonoids were determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV) at 500 nm. The optimal gradient program started with 15 % methanol and was kept within a period of 0 – 20 min, while 25 % methanol was kept within 20 – 33 min. Subsequently, the concentration of methanol was reduced to 15 % and was held for 10 min until the next injection. Mass spectrometry spray voltage was 4,000 V, ionization temperature 350 °C, atomizer pressure 35 psi, nitrogen flow rate 8 L/min, and mass scan range 200 – 800 m/z. The detection wavelength used for catechin and quercetin was 270 and 368 nm, respectively.Results: Based on the UV results, Rosa roxburghii Tratt content was 73.85 %, which is in agreement with the national standard. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) results indicate that Rosa roxburghii Tratt flavonoids contained quercetin, 34.26 %, with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.88 % and catechin content of 2.97 % with RSD of 1.49 %.Conclusion: The proposed measurement method for determining the content of flavonoids in Rosa roxburghii Tratt has the advantage of simplicity, feasibility, good repeatability, and rapid and accurate analysis.Keywords: Rosa roxburghii Tratt, Flavonoids, Catechin, Quercetin

Published
2018

50. Numerical simulation and experimental research of spectral noise characteristics for the four-wheel landing gear

Author

Li, Ting, Zhang, Jin-hua, Wang, Bao-zeng, Xue, Tao, Li, Ting, Zhang, Jin-hua, Wang, Bao-zeng, and Xue, Tao

Abstract

Numerical simulation and wind tunnel experiment were conducted for flow field and flow noise characteristics of four-wheel landing gear. Under the landing speed, large eddy simulation method was applied to simulate the unsteady turbulent flow field around the landing gear. In addition, vortex-acoustic theory was also employed to compute the intensity and position of sound source, and integral method of FW-H equation was used to solve the sound field generated from different components and their combinations, analyze the noise generation mechanism, spectral characteristics and far-field directivity. Meanwhile, the contribution of each component to the total noise was assessed. The aerodynamic acoustic experiment was conducted for landing gear in the wind tunnel, and a microphone was applied to measure and obtain the spectral characteristics of noise, which was compared with the numerical computation result. As shown from the result, a good agreement was found between the experimental and numerical results. Besides, it was shown from the simulation result that small parts ignored in the computational sound field played a greater impact on prediction result of noise, especially high-frequency noise. As shown from landing gear vorticity and sound pressure distribution, sound source was mainly distributed in the solid surface of various components for the landing gear. Additionally, sound source was also occurred in the vortex shedding positions behind each component. Greater energy and density of the sound source were found in the gap formed between tire and bogie and in the pillar stairs. The tire noise showed maximum contribution to the total noise, followed by the bogie noise, while the pillar noise was minimal. The total noise spectrum was closest to the tire noise spectrum.

Published
2017

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