Search

In the quantitative theory of quantum coherence, the amount of coherence for given states can be meaningfully discussed only when referring to a preferred basis. One of the objections to this quantification is that the amount of coherence is an intrinsically basis-dependent quantity. This limitation can, however, be lifted when considering a set of quantum states invariant under arbitrary unitary transformations. Thus, we analyze a basis-independent definition of quantum coherence, and the incoherent state is taken as the maximally mixed state. We describe the relationship between the basis-independent and the basis-dependent approaches and give several applications to show the advantages of the former method. The relations among basis-independent coherence, quantum entanglement, and quantum discord are discussed by using the relative entropy within a multipartite system.

Background: Fungal keratitis is a serious blinding eye disease. Traditional drugs used to treat fungal keratitis commonly have the disadvantages of low bioavailability, poor dispersion, and limited permeability. Purpose: To develop a new method for the treatment of fungal keratitis with improved bioavailability, dispersion, and permeability. Purpose: To develop a new method for the treatment of fungal keratitis with improved bioavailability, dispersion, and permeability. Methods: Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) was formed by zinc ions and 2-methylimidazole linked by coordination bonds and characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Zeta potential. The safety of ZIF-8 on HCECs and RAW 264.7 cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). The anti-inflammatory effects of ZIF-8 on RAW 246.7 cells were evaluated by Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (qPCR) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical score, Colony-Forming Units (CFU). In vivo, treatment with ZIF-8 reduced corneal fungal load and mitigated neutrophil infiltration in fungal keratitis, which effectively reduced the severity of keratitis in mice and alleviated the infiltration of inflammatory factors in the mouse cornea. In addition, ZIF-8 reduces the inflammatory response by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-{\alpha}, IL-6, and IL-1\b{eta} after Aspergillus fumigatus infection in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion: ZIF-8 has a significant anti-inflammatory and antifungal effect, which provides a new solution for the treatment of fungal keratitis., Comment: 25 pages, 8 figures, this paper has been received by international journal of nanomedicine

Spontaneous pattern formation in homogeneous systems is ubiquitous in nature. Although Turing demonstrated that spatial patterns can emerge in reaction-diffusion (RD) systems when the homogeneous state becomes linearly unstable, it remains unclear whether the Turing mechanism is the only route for pattern formation. Here, we develop an efficient algorithm to systematically map the solution landscape to find all steady-state solutions. By applying our method to generic RD models, we find that stable spatial patterns can emerge via saddle-node bifurcations before the onset of Turing instability. Furthermore, by using a generalized action in functional space based on large deviation theory, our method is extended to evaluate stability of spatial patterns against noise. Applying this general approach in a three-species RD model, we show that though formation of Turing patterns only requires two chemical species, the third species is critical for stabilizing patterns against strong intrinsic noise in small biochemical systems.

The dynamic mechanism of short range interactions between $u/d$ quarks remains an open and challenging problem. In order to reveal this quark dynamics, we perform a systematic analysis of $NN$, $D_{03}$, and $D_{30}$ systems in the (extended) chiral SU(3) constituent quark models. By comparing results calculated with different models and different parameter sets, the effects of one gluon exchange and vector meson exchange terms are carefully examined. The results indicate that the vector meson exchange interactions dominate the short range interactions between $u/d$ quarks, whereas the small residual one gluon exchange coupling strength is also allowed., Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. Some modifications, accepted version

Data limitation is a significant challenge in applying deep learning to medical images. Recently, the diffusion probabilistic model (DPM) has shown the potential to generate high-quality images by converting Gaussian random noise into realistic images. In this paper, we apply the DPM to augment the deep ultraviolet fluorescence (DUV) image dataset with an aim to improve breast cancer classification for intraoperative margin assessment. For classification, we divide the whole surface DUV image into small patches and extract convolutional features for each patch by utilizing the pre-trained ResNet. Then, we feed them into an XGBoost classifier for patch-level decisions and then fuse them with a regional importance map computed by Grad-CAM++ for whole surface-level prediction. Our experimental results show that augmenting the training dataset with the DPM significantly improves breast cancer detection performance in DUV images, increasing accuracy from 93% to 97%, compared to using Affine transformations and ProGAN., Comment: IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2024

In present work, we perform a coupled-channel analysis of $B^{(*)}_{(s)}\bar{B}^{(*)}_{(s)}$ systems with the one-boson-exchange potentials. We first study the $I(J^{PC})=1(1^{+-})$ $B\bar{B}^{*}/B^{*}\bar{B}^{*}$ system to describe the $Z_{b}(10610)$ and $Z_{b}(10650)$ particles as molecular states and determine the reasonable range of cutoff parameter $\Lambda$. Then, other $B^{(*)}_{(s)}\bar{B}^{(*)}_{(s)}$ combinations with different quantum numbers are systematically investigated. Some bound states and resonances appear in the isoscalar systems, while only several shallow bound states exist for isovector systems. Far away from the excited conventional $P-$wave bottomium, these predicted states can be easily identified as exotic particles both theoretically and experimentally. Moreover, the $\eta_b(nS)/\Upsilon(nS)$ plus light mesons are the excellent final states to search for the bound states, while the $B\bar B^*+h.c.$ and $B^* \bar B^*$ channels are suitable for the resonances. We highly recommend that the LHCb and Belle II Collaborations can hunt for these bottomonium-like states in future., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Some modifications, accepted version

This paper presents the speech restoration and enhancement system created by the 1024K team for the ICASSP 2024 Speech Signal Improvement (SSI) Challenge. Our system consists of a generative adversarial network (GAN) in complex-domain for speech restoration and a fine-grained multi-band fusion module for speech enhancement. In the blind test set of SSI, the proposed system achieves an overall mean opinion score (MOS) of 3.49 based on ITU-T P.804 and a Word Accuracy Rate (WAcc) of 0.78 for the real-time track, as well as an overall P.804 MOS of 3.43 and a WAcc of 0.78 for the non-real-time track, ranking 1st in both tracks., Comment: Accepted to ICASSP 2024; Rank 1st in ICASSP 2024 Speech Signal Improvement (SSI) Challenge

Speech bandwidth extension (BWE) has demonstrated promising performance in enhancing the perceptual speech quality in real communication systems. Most existing BWE researches primarily focus on fixed upsampling ratios, disregarding the fact that the effective bandwidth of captured audio may fluctuate frequently due to various capturing devices and transmission conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel streaming adaptive bandwidth extension solution dubbed BAE-Net, which is suitable to handle the low-resolution speech with unknown and varying effective bandwidth. To address the challenges of recovering both the high-frequency magnitude and phase speech content blindly, we devise a dual-stream architecture that incorporates the magnitude inpainting and phase refinement. For potential applications on edge devices, this paper also introduces BAE-NET-lite, which is a lightweight, streaming and efficient framework. Quantitative results demonstrate the superiority of BAE-Net in terms of both performance and computational efficiency when compared with existing state-of-the-art BWE methods., Comment: Accepted to ICASSP 2024

Since the diffraction behavior of a light field is fully determined by its spatial wavefunction, i.e., its spatial complex amplitude (SCA), full characterization of spatial wavefunction, plays a vital role in modern optics from both the fundamental and applied aspects. In this work, we present a novel complex-amplitude profiler based on spatial Stokes tomography with the capability to fully determine the SCA of a light field in a single shot with high precision and resolution. The SCA slice observed at any propagation plane provides complete information about the light field, thus allowing us to further retrieve the complete beam structure in 3 dimensions space, as well as the exact modal constitution in terms of spatial degrees of freedom. The principle demonstrated here provides an important advancement for the full characterization of light beams with a broad spectrum of potential applications in various areas of optics, especially for the growing field of structured light.

By revisiting the mathematical foundation of the uncertainty relation, skew information-based uncertainty sequences are developed for any two quantum channels. A reinforced version of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is adopted to improve the uncertainty relation, and a sampling technique of observables' coordinates is used to offset randomness in the inequality. It is shown that the lower bounds of the uncertainty relations are tighter than some previous studies.

We provide a generalized definition of polygamy relations for any quantum correlation measures. Instead of the usual polygamy inequality, a polygamy relation with equality is given by introducing the polygamy weight. From the polygamy relation with equality, we present polygamy inequalities satisfied by the $\beta$th $(\beta>0)$ power of the quantum correlation measures. Taking concurrence of assistance as an example, we further illustrate the significance and advantages of these relations. We also obtain a polygamy relation with equality by considering the one-to-group entanglements for any quantum entanglement measures that do not satisfy the polygamy relations. We demonstrate that such relations for tripartite states can be generalized to multipartite systems.

Reciprocal spin-orbit coupling (SOC) via geometric phase with flat optics provides a promising platform for shaping and controlling paraxial structured light. Current devices, from the pioneering q-plates to the recent J-plates, provide only spin-dependent wavefront modulation without amplitude control. However, achieving control over all the spatial dimensions of paraxial SOC states requires spin-dependent control of corresponding complex amplitude, which remains challenging for flat optics. Here, to address this issue, we present a new type of flat-optics elements termed structured geometric phase gratings that is capable of conjugated complex-amplitude control for orthogonal input circular polarizations. By using a microstructured liquid crystal photoalignment technique, we engineered a series of flat-optics elements and experimentally showed their excellent precision in arbitrary SOC control. This principle unlocks the full-field control of paraxial structured light via flat optics, providing a promising way to develop an information exchange and processing units for general photonic SOC states, as well as extra-/intracavity mode convertors for high-precision laser beam shaping.

We adopt the quark pair creation model to investigate the light meson emissions of several charmonium-like states. The quark pair creation model is applied to the four-body systems, and we calculate the pion/kaon emissions of the $X(4700)$, $Z_c(4430)$, $Y(4230)$, $Y(4360)$, $Y(4390)$ and $Y(4660)$ within the compact tetraquark assumptions. It is found that the pion/kaon decay widths for the $X(4700)$ and $Z_c(4430)$ are relatively small, while the partial decay widths for the resonances $Y(4230)$, $Y(4360)$, $Y(4390)$ and $Y(4660)$ are significant. We expect that our exploration of these decay behaviors can provide useful information for future experimental searches and theoretical interpretations., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Chinese Physics C

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) conservation plays an important role in shaping and controlling structured light with nonlinear optics. The OAM of a beam originating from three-wave mixing should be the sum or difference of the other two inputs because no light-matter OAM exchange occurs in parametric nonlinear interactions. Here, we report anomalous OAM conservation during parametric upconversion, in which a Hermite-Gauss mode signal interacts with a specially engineered pump capable of astigmatic transformation in a crystal, resulting in Laguerre-Gaussian mode sum-frequency generation (SFG). The anomaly here refers to the fact that the pump and signal carry no net OAM, while their SFG does. We show that the lost OAM with the opposite sign that maintains OAM conservation in the system is hidden in the residual pump. This unexpected OAM selection rule improves our understanding of OAM conservation in parametric nonlinear systems and may inspire new ideas for controlling OAM states via nonlinear optics, especially in quantum applications.

In this work, we propose to investigate the $d_{N\Omega}$ dibaryon production in the process $K^- p \rightarrow d_{N\Omega} \bar{\Xi}^0$ by utilizing the kaon beam with the typical momentum to be around 10 GeV, which may be available at COMPASS, OKA@U-70 and SPS@CERN. The cross sections for $K^- p \rightarrow d_{N\Omega} \bar{\Xi}^0$ are estimated and in particular, the magnitude of the cross sections are evaluated to be several hundreds nanobarn at $P_K=20$ GeV. Considering that $d_{N\Omega}$ dibaryon dominantly decay into $\Xi \Lambda$ and $\Xi \Sigma$, we also estimate the cross sections for $K^- p \to \Xi^0 \Lambda \bar{\Xi}^0$ and $K^- p \to \Xi^- \Sigma^+ \bar{\Xi}^0$, where the $d_{N\Omega}$ dibaryon can be observed in the invariant mass distributions of $\Xi^0 \Lambda$ and $\Xi^- \Sigma^+ $, respectively., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) based approaches have achieved the start-of-the-art performance for music source separation (MSS). Although previous methods have addressed the large receptive field modeling using various methods, the temporal and frequency correlations of the music spectrogram with repeated patterns have not been explicitly explored for the MSS task. In this paper, a temporal-frequency attention module is proposed to model the spectrogram correlations along both temporal and frequency dimensions. Moreover, a multi-scale attention is proposed to effectively capture the correlations for music signal. The experimental results on MUSDB18 dataset show that the proposed method outperforms the existing state-of-the-art systems with 9.51 dB signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR) on separating the vocal stems, which is the primary practical application of MSS.

Inspired by the recent observation of a new structure, $X(4014)$, in the process $\gamma\gamma\to \gamma\psi(2S)$, we evaluate the possibility of assigning $X(4014)$ as a $D^\ast \bar{D}^\ast$ molecular state with $I(J^{PC})=0(0^{++})$ by investigating the hidden charm decays of $X(4014)$. The partial widths of $J/\psi\omega$, $ \eta_{c}\eta$ and $\eta_{c}\eta^{\prime}$ channels are evaluated to be about $(0.41\sim 5.00)$, $(2.05\sim7.49)$ and $(0.11\sim0.51)\ \mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. Considering the experimental observation and the present estimations, we proposed to search $X(4014)$ in the $\gamma \gamma \to J/\psi \omega$ process in Belle II., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

In this work, we systematically investigate the mass spectra of fully-heavy hexaquarks within a constituent quark model by including the color Coulomb potential, linear confining potential, and spin-spin interactions. Our results show that all of the fully-heavy hexaquarks lie above the corresponding baryon-baryon thresholds, and thus no stable compact one exists. These states may subsist as resonances and decay into two fully-heavy baryons easily through the fall-apart mechanism, which can be searched in future experiments., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, comments and suggestions are welcome