5 results on '"Yasmin Nouri"'
Search Results
2. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: updated clinical practice guidelines
- Author
-
Pardeep Kaurah, Magali Svrcek, Toshikazu Ushijima, James Whitworth, Yasmin Nouri, Kirsty L. Harris, Emily Schulpen, Jeremy L. Davis, Lynn DeGregorio, Hidetaka Yamada, Richard H. Hardwick, Tanis D Godwin, Julie Arnold, Carla Oliveira, Jolanda M. van Dieren, Helen L. Fisher, Bostjan Humar, Katharine Nichole Holm, Han Kwang Yang, Parry Guilford, Joana Figueiredo, Fátima Carneiro, Sonia S. Kupfer, Daniel G. Coit, Paul F. Mansfield, Andrew Latchford, Ana Sofia Ribeiro, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Anthony E. Reeve, Nicola Bougen-Zhukov, Patrick R. Benusiglio, Enrique Norero, Kimberley Gamet, Erin Gardner, Andrew A. Sporle, Patrícia Carneiro, Joao Sanches, Johanna L. D'Addario, Marc Tischkowitz, Maybelle McLeod, Tom Brew, Elizabeth C. Monroe, Alex Boussioutas, Rachel S. van der Post, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Mark D. Muller, Simone Busija, Haruhiko Sugimura, Irene Gullo, Tanya M. Bisseling, Karyn Paringatai, Liying Zhang, Joana Paredes, Raquel Seruca, David G. Huntsman, Karen E Chelcun Schreiber, James M. Ford, Jeremy Rossaak, Vanessa Blair, Amanda Charlton, Susan Parry, Takeshi Nakajima, Massimiliano di Pietro, C. J. Lintott, Adrian Claydon, and Annemieke Cats
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Lobular carcinoma ,Article ,Cancer syndrome ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Germline mutation ,Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14] ,Humans ,Genetic testing ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Gastrectomy ,Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer ,business - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 225261.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome that is characterised by a high prevalence of diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer. It is largely caused by inactivating germline mutations in the tumour suppressor gene CDH1, although pathogenic variants in CTNNA1 occur in a minority of families with HDGC. In this Policy Review, we present updated clinical practice guidelines for HDGC from the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium (IGCLC), which recognise the emerging evidence of variability in gastric cancer risk between families with HDGC, the growing capability of endoscopic and histological surveillance in HDGC, and increased experience of managing long-term sequelae of total gastrectomy in young patients. To redress the balance between the accessibility, cost, and acceptance of genetic testing and the increased identification of pathogenic variant carriers, the HDGC genetic testing criteria have been relaxed, mainly through less restrictive age limits. Prophylactic total gastrectomy remains the recommended option for gastric cancer risk management in pathogenic CDH1 variant carriers. However, there is increasing confidence from the IGCLC that endoscopic surveillance in expert centres can be safely offered to patients who wish to postpone surgery, or to those whose risk of developing gastric cancer is not well defined.
- Published
- 2020
3. Loss of E-Cadherin Leads to Druggable Vulnerabilities in Sphingolipid Metabolism and Vesicle Trafficking
- Author
-
Tom Brew, Nicola Bougen-Zhukov, Wilson Mitchell, Lyvianne Decourtye, Emily Schulpen, Yasmin Nouri, Tanis Godwin, and Parry Guilford
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,autophagy ,hereditary diffuse gastric cancer ,E-cadherin ,synthetic lethality ,chemoprevention ,endocytosis ,sphingolipid metabolism ,Oncology ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 ,Article - Abstract
Simple Summary Germline loss of the CDH1 gene is the primary genetic basis for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, a disease resulting in elevated risk of both diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer. Current preventative treatment consists of prophylactic total gastrectomy, a therapy with several associated long-term morbidities. To address the lack of targeted molecular therapies for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, we have utilized a synthetic lethal approach to identify candidate compounds that can specifically kill CDH1-null cells. Inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism and vesicle trafficking pathways were identified as promising candidate compounds in a cell line model of CDH1 loss, then further validated in murine-derived organoid models of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. With further research, these findings may lead to the development of novel chemoprevention strategies for the treatment of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Abstract Germline inactivating variants of CDH1 are causative of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), a cancer syndrome characterized by an increased risk of both diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer. Because loss of function mutations are difficult to target therapeutically, we have taken a synthetic lethal approach to identify targetable vulnerabilities in CDH1-null cells. We have previously observed that CDH1-null MCF10A cells exhibit a reduced rate of endocytosis relative to wildtype MCF10A cells. To determine whether this deficiency is associated with wider vulnerabilities in vesicle trafficking, we screened isogenic MCF10A cell lines with known inhibitors of autophagy, endocytosis, and sphingolipid metabolism. Relative to wildtype MCF10A cells, CDH1−/− MCF10A cells showed significantly greater sensitivity to several drugs targeting these processes, including the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, the endocytosis inhibitors chlorpromazine and PP1, and the sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitor PF-543. Synthetic lethality was confirmed in both gastric and mammary organoid models of CDH1 loss, derived from CD44-Cre/Cdh1fl/fl/tdTomato mice. Collectively, these results suggest that both sphingolipid metabolism and vesicle trafficking represent previously unrecognised druggable vulnerabilities in CDH1-null cells and may lead to the development of new therapies for HDGC.
- Published
- 2021
4. T-cell intrinsic Toll-like receptor signaling: implications for cancer immunotherapy and CAR T-cells
- Author
-
Yasmin Nouri, Robert Weinkove, and Rachel Perret
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Adoptive cell transfer ,medicine.medical_treatment ,T cell ,Immunology ,Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ,receptors ,Review ,Biology ,Cancer immunotherapy ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,immunologic ,T-lymphocytes ,RC254-282 ,Pharmacology ,Toll-like receptor ,Innate immune system ,Toll-Like Receptors ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Immunotherapy ,Acquired immune system ,Chimeric antigen receptor ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,chimeric antigen ,Molecular Medicine ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved molecules that specifically recognize common microbial patterns, and have a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity. Although TLRs are highly expressed by innate immune cells, particularly antigen-presenting cells, the very first report of a human TLR also described its expression and function within T-cells. Gene knock-out models and adoptive cell transfer studies have since confirmed that TLRs function as important costimulatory and regulatory molecules within T-cells themselves. By acting directly on T-cells, TLR agonists can enhance cytokine production by activated T-cells, increase T-cell sensitivity to T-cell receptor stimulation, promote long-lived T-cell memory, and reduce the suppressive activity of regulatory T-cells. Direct stimulation of T-cell intrinsic TLRs may be a relevant mechanism of action of TLR ligands currently under clinical investigation as cancer immunotherapies. Finally, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells afford a new opportunity to specifically exploit T-cell intrinsic TLR function. This can be achieved by expressing TLR signaling domains, or domains from their signaling partner myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), within or alongside the CAR. This review summarizes the expression and function of TLRs within T-cells, and explores the relevance of T-cell intrinsic TLR expression to the benefits and risks of TLR-stimulating cancer immunotherapies, including CAR T-cells.
- Published
- 2021
5. Allosteric AKT Inhibitors Target Synthetic Lethal Vulnerabilities in E-Cadherin-Deficient Cells
- Author
-
Christopher Hakkaart, Megan Taylor, Tanis D Godwin, Andrew Single, Tom Brew, Parry Guilford, Elizabeth Permina, Michael A. Black, Augustine Chen, Yasmin Nouri, and Nicola Bougen-Zhukov
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,AKT1 ,AKT2 ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,AKT3 ,Article ,CDH1 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,medicine ,diffuse gastric cancer ,chemoprevention ,Protein kinase B ,biology ,Chemistry ,AKT ,E-cadherin ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,synthetic lethality ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer - Abstract
The CDH1 gene, encoding the cell adhesion protein E-cadherin, is one of the most frequently mutated genes in gastric cancer and inactivating germline CDH1 mutations are responsible for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome (HDGC). Using cell viability assays, we identified that breast (MCF10A) and gastric (NCI-N87) cells lacking CDH1 expression are more sensitive to allosteric AKT inhibitors than their CDH1-expressing isogenic counterparts. Apoptosis priming and total apoptosis assays in the isogenic MCF10A cells confirmed the enhanced sensitivity of E-cadherin-null cells to the AKT inhibitors. In addition, two of these inhibitors, ARQ-092 and MK2206, preferentially targeted mouse-derived gastric Cdh1&minus, /&minus, organoids for growth arrest. AKT protein expression and activation (as measured by phosphorylation of serine 473) were differentially regulated in E-cadherin-null MCF10A and NCI-N87 cells, with downregulation in the normal breast cells, but upregulation in the gastric cancer cells. Bioinformatic analysis of the TCGA STAD dataset revealed that AKT3, but not AKT1 or AKT2, is upregulated in the majority of E-cadherin-deficient gastric cancers. In conclusion, allosteric AKT inhibitors represent a promising class of drugs for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of cancers with E-cadherin loss.
- Published
- 2019
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.