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Wireless sensors integrate a variety of high-tech, powered by engines to form network nodes, and randomly distributed sensors and data processing units form a network through a certain rule. The wireless sensor can directly transmit the collected digital signal to the computer for analysis and processing. Intelligent computer refers to a computer that can simulate and expand artificial intelligence. It is a dynamically developing concept and always represents the most advanced level of computer development. This article aims to study the role of wireless sensors and intelligent computer-assisted teaching in physical education and training. It is hoped that wireless sensors and intelligent computer technology will assist in physical training. This article briefly summarizes the status quo of the use of wireless sensors, briefly introduces the design and use of various wireless sensors, and briefly explains their differences. This article explains the theoretical basis and principles of use of intelligent computers. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional multimedia courseware in the teaching process, an application idea is proposed, and a modular design method is adopted to design a computer-assisted teaching system based on integrated ware. The test results of this paper show that 40% of the students were very satisfied with the intelligent PC-assisted educational delivery system in PE lessons, 67% were satisfied with the usage of the intelligent CC-AS in PE lessons and 22% disagreed with the usage of the intelligent CC-AS in PE lessons; 14.2% of the teachers often used the intelligent CC-AS in PE lessons and 30% of teachers occasionally used ICDS in PE lessons and another 12% never used ICDS in PE lessons.

MicroRNA (miR)-199a-5p expression is downregulated in a variety of malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and its low expression is associated with a poor prognosis. However, to the best of our knowledge, the mechanism underlying miR-199a-5p downregulation in NSCLC and its target effectors remain to be elucidated. The present study revealed the downregulation of miR-199a-5p expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines compared with in para-carcinoma tissues and a lung epithelial cell line. Further experiments indicated that the methylation levels of the miR-199a promoter were markedly higher in NSCLC tissues compared with in para-carcinoma tissues. The DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine markedly increased the expression levels of miR-199a-5p in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, it was identified that miR-199a-5p mimics transfection decreased the expression levels of A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) at both the mRNA and protein levels by targeting the 3' untranslated region of AKAP1 mRNA. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that miR-199a-5p overexpression inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenicity of NSCLC cells, whereas overexpression of AKAP1 partially recovered the malignant phenotypes, suggesting that AKAP1 may be a downstream effector targeted by miR-199a-5p. Collectively, the present findings indicated that miR-199a-5p may be a novel regulator of AKAP1, and that miR-199a-5p may be a potential tumor suppressor in NSCLC.

Rationale: Compelling evidence suggests that Lgr5+ hepatocytes repair liver damage by promoting the regeneration of hepatocytes and ductal cells in the case of liver injury. The PTEN-mediated AKT/β-catenin signaling plays a key role in the regulation of innate immune regulation in the liver. However, the signaling pathways that control Lgr5+ hepatocyte proliferation in the liver remain unclear. Methods: In order to assess the involvement of PTEN-mediated AKT/β-catenin signaling in the expansion of Lgr5+ hepatocytes upon liver injuries, the Lgr5-CreER; Rosa-mTmG lineage tracing system was used to target Lgr5+ hepatocytes. Results: The tracing of Lgr5+ hepatocytes showed that PTEN deletion and β-catenin activation significantly promoted the proliferation of Lgr5+ hepatocytes. In converse, the simultaneous inhibition of PTEN and β-catenin limited Lgr5+ hepatocyte proliferation in the liver. Our findings provide an insight into understanding how PTEN-mediated AKT/β-catenin signaling regulates the proliferation of Lgr5+ hepatocytes. Conclusion: The outcomes can improve the application potential of Lgr5+ hepatocytes in the treatment of liver injury diseases and provide a new treatment option for liver cancer.

A microstructure-based numerical simulation is performed to understand the mechanical properties and fracture of a Ti-Al3Ti core-shell structured particulate reinforced A356 composite ((Ti-Al3Ti)cs/A356). A series of two-dimensional (2D) representative volume element (RVE) models are generated automatically by embedding Ti-Al3Ti core-shell structured particulates in an A356 matrix. Microstructure-based 2D RVE of monolithic Al3Ti particulate reinforced A356 composite (Al3Tip/A356) is also simulated for comparison. The ductile fracture of both Ti core and A356 matrix as well as the brittle fracture of the Al3Ti shell are considered. The simulation confirms that the high elongation of the (Ti-Al3Ti)cs/A356 composite is attributed to the uniform distribution of the overall ductile globular reinforcing particulates, which prevent a premature failure effectively by reducing local stress concentration both on and inside the core-shell structured particulates. The surrounding ductile phases of the Al3Ti shell blunt the crack tips effectively and, therefore, restricting the propagation of the cracks in a nominal strain range of 2.2%–6.1%. For both (Ti-Al3Ti)cs/A356 and Al3Tip/A356 composites, the simulation results are in good agreement with microstructural observations during an in-situ tensile test in a scanning electron microscope.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to review and summarize current literature concerning the validation and application of lung ultrasound (LUS) in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Materials and Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Review, Google Scholar, and Ohio State University Link based on the question if LUS should be considered a reliable investigational technique for ARDS diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in pediatric and adult population. Results: LUS has been successfully validated for facilitating early diagnosis and diagnosis of simultaneous lung conditions, predicting lung recruitment treatment effect, and evaluating the prognosis in ARDS patients. Whether lung US is a useful tool in the prediction of prone position and oxygenation response in patients with ARDS is conflicting. Conclusions: LUS is a noninvasive, radiation-free, cheap, and easy to perform tool for critically ill patients with ARDS and might be a promising technique used in the Intensive Care Unit for ARDS management.

Herkinorin is an opiate analgesic with limited adverse effects, functioning as a primary selective atypical opioid µ agonist. The present study aimed to identify whether herkinorin has a positive effect on ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: i) Naive, ii) sham, iii) I/R, iv) I/R with dimethyl sulfoxide (I/R+D) and v) I/R with herkinorin (I/R+H). The I/R injury model was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 1 h followed by 24 h or 7 days of reperfusion. Neurobehavioral scores and sensorimotor functions were examined 24 h and 7 days following reperfusion. In addition, infarct volumes were examined at these time points using a 2,3,5‑triphenyltetrazolium chloride assay. Herkinorin treatment improved neurobehavioral and sensorimotor functional recovery from I/R‑induced brain injury. There was a significant decrease in infarct volume in the I/R+H group at 24 h or 7 days following reperfusion compared with the I/R and I/R+D groups. Western blotting suggested that the decrease in conventional protein kinase C γ (cPKCγ) membrane translocation in the peri‑infarct region may be attenuated by herkinorin pretreatment. These results indicated that herkinorin may be beneficial in I/R‑induced mouse brain injury, and this may be attributed to the membrane translocation of cPKCγ following activation.

The trade-off between strength and ductility of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs) has been a longstanding puzzle. Here we propose an effective strategy to surmount the inverse relationship between strength and ductility of an A356 Al alloy based PRMMC by in situ synthesizing novel reinforcing particulates with a special core-shell (CS) structure. Such structure features a Ti core inside a dual-layer shell: the inner layer has a nano-grained (~130 nm) heterogeneous structure, and the outer layer possesses a composite structure composed of a (Al,Si)3Ti substrate with dense dispersion of nanoparticles. As a result, the obtained composite reinforced with such CS reinforcing particulates (CS composite) achieves an unprecedented tensile elongation to failure of 8.3 ± 0.8% and a uniform elongation of 7.1 ± 0.6%, which nearly triples that of the same alloy based composite reinforced with monolithic (Al,Si)3Ti particulates (monolithic composite) and equivalent to corresponding matrix alloy while maintaining high ultimate tensile strength of 373 ± 8.8 MPa and yield strength of 268 ± 7.9 MPa, equivalent to monolithic composite simultaneously. This special architecture of shell renders itself a high capability of stress bearing and good toughness, and the nanoparticles in outer layer further slower crack development, which significantly postpone crack formation in shell. Subsequent propagation of cracks in Ti core is also constrained remarkably by the transformation-induced plasticity effect occurred ahead of crack tips resulting from stress-induced phase transformation of hcp-Ti into fcc-Ti. These factors lead to highest work hardening rate that undergoes a long plateau and thus overcome the strength-ductility trade-off of A356 alloy based PRMMC.

6061 Al-based composites reinforced with 10% volume fractions of 6.94 μm SiC particles (SiCp) have been fabricated by powder thixoforming, and the effects of solution treatment on their tensile properties and strengthening mechanisms were investigated. The obtained results indicate that the addition of SiCp significantly improved the tensile strength of a 6061 Al matrix alloy, but reduced its ductility. The ultimate tensile and yield strengths of the alloy increased from 180 MPa and 99 MPa to 230 MPa and 128 MPa, respectively, while its elongation decreased from 8.0% to 2.6%. However, the solution treatment at 535 °C for 6 h significantly alleviated ductility losses and further enhanced the composite tensile strength; as a result, its ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation were increased by 19.6%, 65.2%, and 161.5% up to 275 MPa, 212 MPa, and 6.8%, respectively. Due to the presence of SiCp, the resulting composite solution rate was noticeably decreased compared to that of the matrix alloy. The relationship between the solution time and the composite yield strength was discussed theoretically by using a modified micromechanical model, which took into account the SiCp failure. The obtained theoretical results were in good agreement with the experimental ones.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), a common clinical in aged patients, is characterized by deficits in cognitive functions in patients following anesthesia and surgery. It has been demonstrated that isoflurane may lead to cognitive impairment in aged rats; however, effective clinical interventions for preventing this disorder are limited. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been suggested to be involved in neuroinflammation as well as the development of POCD. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate whether TNF-α signaling is involved in the isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats, and whether TNF-α receptor antagonist are able to attenuate isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats. A population of 20-month-old rats were administered TNF-α receptor antagonist R-7050 or an equal volume of saline by intraperitoneal injection 12 h prior to exposure to isoflurane to model cognitive impairment following anesthesia in old patients. Then the rats were exposed to 1.3% isoflurane for 4 h. In the control group, rats showed impaired cognitive functions evaluated by Morris water maze assay after isoflurane exposure. Furthermore, isoflurane exposure induced marked upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the hippocampus tissue. In the experimental group, intracisternal administration of TNF-α receptor antagonist R-7050 significantly attenuated isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Further investigation revealed that intracisternal administration of TNF-α receptor antagonist R-7050 notably suppressed isoflurane-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Collectively, the present results suggest that TNF-α receptor antagonist may serve as a potential agent for the prevention of anesthesia-induced cognitive decline in aged patients.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the important risk factors contributing to postoperative airway complications. OSA alters the respiratory physiology and increases the sensitivity of muscle tone of the upper airway after surgery to residual anesthetic medication. In addition, the prevalence of OSA was reported to be much higher among surgical patients than the general population. Therefore, appropriate monitoring to detect early respiratory impairment in postoperative extubated patients with possible OSA is challenging. Based on the comprehensive clinical observation, several equipment have been used for monitoring the respiratory conditions of OSA patients after surgery, including the continuous pulse oximetry, capnography, photoplethysmography (PPG), and respiratory volume monitor (RVM). To date, there has been no consensus on the most suitable device as a recommended standard of care. In this review, we describe the advantages and disadvantages of some possible monitoring strategies under certain clinical conditions. According to the literature, the continuous pulse oximetry, with its high sensitivity, is still the most widely used device. It is also cost-effective and convenient to use but has low specificity and does not reflect ventilation. Capnography is the most widely used device for detection of hypoventilation, but it may not provide reliable data for extubated patients. Even normal capnography cannot exclude the existence of hypoxia. PPG shows the state of both ventilation and oxygenation, but its sensitivity needs further improvement. RVM provides real-time detection of hypoventilation, quantitative precise demonstration of respiratory rate, tidal volume, and MV for extubated patients, but no reflection of oxygenation. Altogether, the sole use of any of these devices is not ideal for monitoring of extubated patients with or at risk for OSA after surgery. However, we expect that the combined use of continuous pulse oximetry and RVM may be promising for these patients due to their complementary function, which need further study.

The active filter has different connection methods, and the methods used are also various. With the deepening of research, more novel filtering methods are proposed and applied, which enhances the efficiency and rapidity of filtering. At present, China has made great progress in harmonic suppression. In the face of the fact that harmonic problems are becoming more and more serious, the research of filtering technology and the popularization and application of filtering equipment are urgently needed.

This paper introduces the DC power obtained from photovoltaic power generation, and then boosts it by the boost chopper circuit. Finally, it is inverted by a single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit into 220V, 50Hz single-phase AC power that meets the normal working requirements of household appliances. Give the load. Among them, the inverter is the most important part, which can convert direct current into alternating current. Before this, it is necessary to increase the DC voltage through a boost chopper circuit and then invert it.

A new method, powder thixoforming, has been proposed to fabricate an in situ Al3Tip/2024Al composite. During partial remelting, the microstructural evolution of the bulk alloy prepared by cold pressing of the Ti, Al, 2024Al powder mixture was investigated, and the formation mechanism of the Al3Ti particles produced by the reaction between the Ti powder and the Al alloy melt is also discussed in detail. The results indicate that the microstructural evolution of the 2024 alloy matrix can be divided into three stages: a rapid coarsening of the powder grains; a formation of primary α-Al particles surrounded with a continuous liquid film; and a slight coarsening of the primary α-Al particles. Simultaneously, a reaction layer of Al3Ti can be formed on the Ti powder surface when the bulk is heated for 10 min at 640 °C The thickness (X) of the reaction layer increases with the time according to the parabolic law of \(X = -0.43t^{2} + 4.21t + 0.17\). The stress generated in the reaction layer due to the volume dilatation can be calculated by using the equationσ \(\sigma_{Al_{3}Ti} = -\frac{ E_{Al_{3}Ti} }{6(1-v{Al_{3}Ti})} \frac{ t^{3}_{Al_{3}Ti} }{t_{Ti}} \left(\frac{1}{R} - \frac{1}{R_{0}} \right) \). Comparing the obtained data with the results of the drip experiment, the reaction rate for the Ti powder and Al powder mixture is greater than that for the Ti plate and Al alloy mixture, respectively.

Background We evaluated the efficacy of a new anesthetic technique termed ultrasound-guided capsule-sheath space block (CSSB) combined with anterior cervical cutaneous nerve block (CCNB) for thyroidectomy. Methods The study included two parts: Part one was an imaging study to determine technique feasibility. The CSSB was performed on five healthy volunteers by introducing the needle 0.5 cm lateral to the probe under in-plane needle ultrasound guidance. After puncture of the false capsule and its subsequent contraction with the true capsule of thyroid, 10 mL of contrast medium was deposited slowly in the capsule-sheath space. The CCNB was performed bilaterally as follows: Under ultrasound guidance, a subcutaneous injection was made along the sternocleidomastoid using 10 mL of contrast medium which was followed by a girdle-shaped picchu raised from the cricoid cartilage to supraclavicular region. The spreading pattern of contrast medium was imaged using computed tomographic scanning. In part two (a clinical case series) the technique efficacy was evaluated. Seventy-eight patients undergoing thyroidectomy had ultrasound-guided CSSB and CCNB with local anesthetics. The sensory onset of CCNB, intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, and analgesic effect were assessed and complications were noted. Results The distribution of contrast medium was well defined. In part two the onset time of CCNB was 2.2 ± 0.7 min, and the hemodynamic parameters remained stable intraoperatively. The recall of visual analogue scale scores during surgery was 2 [1–4] for median (range). The patients’ and surgeons’ satisfaction scores were 2 [1–4] and 1 [1–3] for median (range). No serious complications occurred. Conclusions Combining ultrasound-guided CSSB and CCNB is a feasible, effective and safe technique for thyroidectomy. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR-ONC-12002025. Registered 19 March 2012.

In this work, a novel processing method called powder thixoforming was proposed to prepare composites reinforced with 50 vol % of SiC particles (SiCp) that were used for electronic packaging in order to investigate the effects of remelting duration on its microstructure and properties. Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) methods were applied for the material characterization and the corresponding physical and mechanical properties were examined in detail. The obtained results indicate that the remelting duration exerted a large effect on the microstructure as well as the SiCp/Al interfacial reaction. The density and hardness of the composite continuously increased with increasing remelting duration. The thermal conductivity (TC) and bending strength (BS) first increased during the initial 90 min and then decreased. The remelting duration exerted a limited influence on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The optimal TC, BS, and hardness of these composites were up to 135.79 W/(m·K), 348.53 MPa, and 105.23 HV, respectively, and the CTE was less than 6.5 ppm/K after the composites were remelted at 600 °C for 90 min. The properties of the composites could thus be controlled to conform to the application requirements for electronic packaging materials.

Xuezheng Zhang,1 Ying Zhou,1 Limei Chen,1 Quanguang Wang,1 Jianwu Ni,1 Le Liu,1 Chenggang Hu,2 Xuzhong Xu11Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesia, Pomerado Hospital, Poway, CA, USAObjective: To compare the clinical effects of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for patients with unilateral lower-extremity fracture between multiple injections through catheters beside the lumbar plexus or sciatic nerve and continuous epidural analgesia.Methods: Seventy patients with unilateral lower-extremity fracture scheduled for internal fixation were randomly divided into group N (n = 35) and group E (n = 35). Patients in group N received combined lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve block, then a catheter was inserted into the psoas compartment or beside the sciatic nerve, according to the surgical site, and 25 mL 0.375% ropivacaine was injected into patients in group N through the peripheral nerve catheter 12 hours after operation. Patients in group E received combined spinal and epidural anesthesia, and when the operation was complete kept the epidural catheter and received patient-controlled epidural analgesia with an analgesia pump.Results: The visual analog scores of patients at each time point in the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Mean arterial pressure at 30 minutes after anesthesia and 4 hours postoperation in group E decreased significantly and was significantly lower than group N (P < 0.01). Group E had significantly higher rate of urinary retention than group N (P < 0.05), and the time of first food intake of patients in group N was significantly shorter than in group E (P < 0.001).Conclusion: For patients with unilateral lower-extremity fracture receiving internal fixation, multiple injections through catheters beside the lumbar plexus or sciatic nerve can provide adequate postoperative analgesia, with very few adverse effects.Keywords: lumbar plexus, sciatic nerve, catheterization, lower extremity, analgesia

The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been shown to provide effective postoperative analgesia in lower abdominal surgery. Subcostal TAP block has also been proposed as a new technique to provide analgesia for the supraumbilical abdomen. We compared the analgesic and opioid-sparing effects of a single-injection subcostal TAP block with continuous thoracic epidural analgesia and IV opioid analgesia.Ninety patients undergoing elective radical gastrectomy were randomized to receive either combined general-subcostal TAP anesthesia (group TAP), combined general-epidural anesthesia (group EA), or general anesthesia (group GA), and were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. In group TAP, a bilateral subcostal TAP block was performed after induction of general anesthesia using 20 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine. In group EA, a thoracic epidural was placed between T8 and T9 and bolused with 8 mL of 0.25% ropivacaine before induction of general anesthesia. The epidural was maintained with 5 mL/h of 0.25% ropivacaine during the surgery. Group GA received standard general anesthesia. In the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), all groups received IV morphine titration for visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores3. All patients were started on IV patient-controlled analgesia with morphine after morphine titration in the PACU, while group EA also had their epidural maintained with 5 mL/h of 0.125% bupivacaine with 8 μg/mL morphine. Patients were assessed in the PACU and at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively. Primary outcomes measured were morphine consumption at 24 hours and all VAS pain scores.Data from 82 of 90 (91.1%) patients were included in the study. Group TAP demonstrated decreased cumulative morphine consumption at 24 hours (98.75% confidence intervals, -29 to -9 mg) and noninferiority on VAS pain scores at all measurement times, as compared with group GA with standard opioid analgesia. However, group EA was superior to group TAP regarding cumulative morphine consumption at 24 hours (98.75% confidence intervals, -23 to -4 mg) and noninferior to group TAP on VAS pain scores at all comparison points. Group TAP had reduced morphine consumption from PACU admission to 6 hours as compared with group GA, but increased morphine consumption for 6 to 24 hours as compared with group EA.Single-injection subcostal TAP block was more effective than IV opioid analgesia, while continuous thoracic epidural analgesia was more effective than the single-injection subcostal TAP block.

Microstructural and mechanical characterization of 10 vol% SiC particles (SiCp) reinforced 6061 Al-based composite fabricated by powder thixoforming (PTF) was investigated in comparison with the PTF and permanent mold cast (PMC) 6061 monolithic alloys. The results reveal that the microstructure of the PMC alloy consists of coarse and equiaxed α dendrites and interdendritic net-like eutectic phases. However, the microstructure of the PTF composite, similar to that of the PTF alloy, consists of near-spheroidal primary particles and intergranular secondarily solidified structures except SiCp, which are distributed in the secondarily solidified structures. The eutectics amount in the PTF materials is distinctly lower than that in the PMC alloy, and the microstructures of the former materials are quite compact while that of the latter alloy is porous. Therefore, the PTF alloy shows better tensile properties than the PMC alloy. Owing to the existence of the SiC reinforcing particles, the PTF composite attains an ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of 230 MPa and 128 MPa, representing an enhancement of 27.8% and 29.3% than those (180 MPa and 99 MPa) of the PTF alloy. A modified model based on three strengthening mechanisms was proposed to calculate the yield strength of the PTF composite. The obtained theoretical results were quite consistent with the experimental data.

The objective of the study is to compare the different effects of flurbiprofen, lidocaine and dexamethasone on reduction of pain caused by propofol injection. 100 patients undergoing middle otoplasty surgery with general anesthesia were randomly assigned into four groups with 25 patients in each group. F, L, D, and C groups were treated with intravenous flurbiprofen 50 mg/5 ml, lidocaine 40 mg/5 ml, dexamethasone 5 mg/5 ml and saline 5 ml, respectively, with a proximal tourniquet. The injection site pain was recorded immediately with verbal rating scale (VBS), and the tourniquet was released 2 min after, followed by propofol infusion at the rate of 0.5 ml/s to reach a final dose of 0.5 mg/kg, while the pain was recorded after the infusion. The follow up was done at 30 min and 4 h after the operations with the pain recorded using visual analogue scale (VAS). The injection site pain before propofol infusion in all groups showed no difference among each other; while the F, L, and D pre-treatment reduced the pain caused by propofol infusion in comparison to group C (P

Based on the equivalence relation, we can partition a set U, formally, different equivalence relations correspond to different partitions of U. In this paper, based on Yager’s works (Some Measure Relating Partitions Useful For Computational Intelligence, International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems. 1, 1-18 (2008)), we discuss how to compare the different partitions, moreover, we obtain some indexes to select a better partition from given partitions. By an illustrative example, we show that our proposed indexes can be used for selecting partitions, feature selection, and help us to gather more information to decision making.