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Photocatalytic overall water splitting is forecasted as a promising strategy for H2 production. Herein, novel zinc oxide/zinc sulfide (ZnOS-x) (x = 1, 2, 3) heterostructures were fabricated via a collaboratively hydrothermal and calcination method with different trithiocyanuric acid amounts. The formation of ZnOS-x heterostructures were confirmed by the uses of PXRD, XPS, and HRTEM. Moreover, ZnOS-3 nanoparticles exhibit homogeneous and smooth surface morphology structure. ZnOS-3 displayed efficient charge separation and transfer efficiency under the photoinduce. ZnOS-3 shows the highest average H2 evolution reaction rate (788.7154 µmol g− 1 h− 1) under visible-light irradiation, which increases along with highering of the ratio of trithiocyanuric acid in the ZnOS-x series. This work provides a new insight to prepare the uniformly integrated heterostructures of metal oxides/sulfides for visible-light H2 generation.

Purpose: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the mechanisms of pathogenesis still remain unclear. Methods: We screened the 1351 differentially expressed genes related to HBV-induced HCC by bioinformatics analysis from databases and found that Plasminogen (PLG) may be a key gene in HBV-induced HCC progression. Then, we used a series of experiments in vivo and in vitro to explore the roles of PLG in HBV-HCC progression, such as qRT-PCR, western blot, ELISA, flow cytometry and TUNEL assay, subcutaneous xenografts and histopathological analysis to reveal the underlying mechanisms. Results: PLG was over-expressed in HBV positive hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cells. PLG silencing promoted HBV-HCC cell apoptosis in vitro and suppressed the growth of HBV-induced HCC xenografts in vivo both through inhibiting HBV replication. Then, GO and KEGG analysis of these differentially expressed genes revealed that the Hippo pathway was the key pathway involved in HBV-induced HCC, and SRC, a downstream target gene of PLG, was highly expressed in HBV-induced HCC and related to the Hippo pathway. Thus, we speculated that PLG promoted HBV-induced HCC progression through up-regulating and activating the expression of SRC and promoting Hippo signaling pathway function on HBV-HCC cell survival. Conclusion: Our study suggests PLG may be an activator of HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma development, as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HBV-HCC.

The bond order and packing ratios in the single-crystal of the two structural polymorphs as well as the detailed electronic structures of the molecular model were studied using density functional theory. The strength of different Mn coordination bonds was analyzed in detail through Mayer bond order. Besides bond length, many other factors such as the orientation of ligand and nature of metal also significantly influence the bond order. Packing ratios calculated using cluster model reveals that packing along b direction in Dimer is more favorable than other directions due to the associated interactions of π-π and Cl…H when packing in this direction. Electronic structure helps explain the formation of Dimer from monomer or direct forming of Chain from ligand/Cl and metal. This would shed light on further understanding the importance of supramolecular interaction on crystal engineering.

Sorption is widely used for the removal of toxic heavy metals such as hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solutions. Green sorbents prepared from biomass are attractive, because they leverage the value of waste biomass and reduce the overall cost of water treatment. In this study, we fabricated biochar (BC) adsorbent from the biomass of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), an invasive species in many river channels. Pristine BC was further modified with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and stabilized with chitosan (C) to form C&ndash, nZVI&ndash, BC. C&ndash, BC adsorbent showed high hexavalent chromium sorption capacity (82.2 mg/g) at pH 2 and removed 97.34% of 50 mg/L Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The sorption capacity of chitosan&ndash, nZVI-modified biochar decreased while increasing the solution pH value and ionic strength. The results of a sorption test indicated that multiple mechanisms accounted for Cr(VI) removal by C&ndash, BC, including complexation, precipitation, electrostatic interactions, and reduction. Our study suggests a way of adding value to biomass waste by considering environmental treatment purposes.

To study the anesthetic effect of brachial plexus block by adding buprenorphine in local anesthetics and patients with intramuscular injection, and observe the anesthesia effects, the anesthesia maintenance time, postoperative analgesia effects.60 cases of upper limb to line, hand surgery patients from Sep. 2009 to Dec. 2009 in Tianjin Hospital were randomly divided into 3 groups. A (local anesthetics without buprenorphine, n = 20); B group (plus 2 µg/kg buprenorphine in local anesthetics, n = 20); C group (intramuscular injection 2 µg/kg buprenorphine before anesthesia, n = 20). With B/BRAMN-STIMMPLEX-DIG nerve stimulator guided positioning of brachial plexus block of axillary line. 3 groups of patients recorded (1) the onset time of narcotic; (2) the duration of anesthesia; (3) the surgery time; (4) the pain score of postoperative 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 h; (5) the incidence of nausea and vomiting; (6) observed other side effects.the patients' age, weight, sex, operation time of the 3 groups had no significant difference between the comparison (P0.05); anesthesia onset time between the 3 groups showed no significant difference (P0.05). Duration of anesthesia: A, C group was significantly shorter than the B group (P0.01); pain score at 4 h, A and B, C no significant difference between groups (P0.05); 8, 12, 24 h, when group A was significantly higher than the B, C group (P0.01), 36, 48, 72 h when the A group and B, C no significant difference between groups (P0.05); the incidence of nausea A group 10%, B group 20%, C group 20%. Vomiting, the incidence of A, B group was 0, C group 30%.Buprenorphine adding local anesthetics in brachial plexus block or intramuscular injection buprenorphine before a block can be to achieve a satisfactory effect of postoperative analgesia, buprenorphine adding local anesthetics in brachial plexus block Narcotic maintenance of anesthesia time can be extended and have a significant effect and fewer adverse reactions.

Falls are the most frequently reported adverse events in inpatient settings. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of inpatient falls within aged care wards in a tertiary hospital to investigate the associated characteristics of elderly patients suffering from falls and fall-related characteristics.Consecutive retrospective cross-sectional design spanned July 2006 to December 2008.Information on all aged care inpatients who suffered from 1 or more falls was extracted from Incident Information Management System (IIMS). Further details about the particular admission(s) were obtained from patients' medical records, e.g., patients' characteristics and circumstances surrounding the falls. Randomly selected aged care patients who did not suffer from a fall and who were discharged from the hospital in the same period served control group. Characteristics among patients with single fall and recurrent falls, as well as non-fallers were compared.Of the 438 falls evaluated, 71.9% occurred in patients' room and 18.9% in patients' bathroom/toilet. The common activities were moving/transferring and taking shower/toileting, respectively, 70.3%, 12.1% while occurring falls; and time of falls had a high peak during 9:00-11:00 a.m. Many were unassisted while falling. The common contributing factors for fall were intrinsic factors. Patients with recurrent falls were more likely to have lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Logistic regression analysis showed length of stay longer than five weeks, dementia and stroke were independent risk factors for recurrent falls; and living in hostel/nursing home preadmission, needing assistance with mobility, cognitive impairment, stroke, incontinence and arthritis/osteoporosis were independent risk factors for fall.In an aged care ward, falls are independently associated with recurrent factors. Cognitive impairment/dementia was a strong risk factor for falls, and main causes leading to fall were intrinsic factors. For patients with cognitive impairment/dementia and behavioral disorder providing special and effective interventions is of paramount importance for reducing the incidence of fall in an aged care ward in hospital settings.

To study the relationship of long-term effect of trabeculotomy on primary congenital glaucoma and the related risk factors.164 consecutive patients with primary congenital glaucoma (257 eyes), underwent initial surgery of trabeculotomy between 1996 and 2007. Follow-up was conducted for 30.9 (8.6 - 58.3) months, with a follow-up rate of 89.02%. Multivariate analysis by Logistic regression was conducted to analyze the relation of the factors including age of onset, time between onset and operation, preoperative intraocular pressure, clarity of cornea, and corneal diameter to the failure of surgery. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to analyze the factors related to success of surgery.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and clarity of cornea were independent risk factors for final outcome (OR(IOP) = 1.408, P = 0.047, and OR(CLA) = 1.691, P = 0.019). Cox regression showed that clarity of cornea was the factor related to the surgery success time (OR(CLA) = 1.632, P = 0.008).Clarity of cornea reflexes the condition of primary congenital glaucoma more stably than IOP. It is possible to prognosticate the surgical outcome to combine the clarity of cornea with the IOP value before operation.