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The function of M‐Phase Phosphoprotein 9 (MPHOSPH9) has not been investigated in gastric cancer yet. In the present study, the public cancer databases Oncomine and TCGA were analyzed, and MPHOSPH9 was found upregulated in gastric cancer tumor tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also carried out to further confirm the results, and IHC analysis showed MPHOSPH9 was elevated in tumor tissues compared with the paracancerous tissues. QRT‐PCR analysis also revealed that MPHOSPH9 mRNA was upregulated in gastric cancer cell lines. In addition, Kaplan–Meier estimates showed gastric cancer patients with high MPHOSPH9 level predicted a poor prognosis. Then, Western blot and CCK‐8 assay showed overexpressed MPHOSPH9 enhanced gastric cancer cell proliferation, but MPHOSPH9 knockdown suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, Western blot showed that MPHOSPH9 regulated the activation of mTOR, and overexpressed MPHOSPH9 reduced the inhibitory effects of mTOR inhibitors on cell survival in gastric cancer cells. Taken together, our results suggested that MPHOSPH9.could be an oncogene in gastric cancer by regulating mTOR signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the treatment of difficult-to-wean patients with glycogen storage disease type II (GSD II) complicated with respiratory failure. Methods A total of 6 patients with GSD II (3 children and 3 infants) who were admitted due to weak respiratory muscle and had difficulty in weaning off ventilator were treated in our hospital from October 2015 to September 2017. They received comprehensive treatment of antibiotics for ventilator - associated pneumonia, encouraging voluntary expectoration, respiratory muscle exercises, nutrition strengthening, psychological support, and enzyme replacement treatment (ERT) by using recombinant human acid α-glucosidase [rhGAA, 20 mg/(kg·time), once/biweekly]. These patients gradually transformed from invasive ventilator at biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) mode and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mode to non-invasive ventilator and high flow oxygen therapy. Results The respiratory function and limb muscle strength of all patients were improved after ERT and sequential weaning. With comprehensive treatment, 3 patients weaned off ventilator, one patient underwent endotracheal intubation, and 2 patients died. Conclusions With comprehensive treatment of preventing ventilator - associated pneumonia, respiratory muscle exercises, nutrition strengthening, and ERT using rhGAA, the respiratory function and limb muscle strength were improved in GSD II patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The RNAFH study (effect of rosuvastatin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in metabolic syndrome patients without overt diabetes evaluated by 1H-MRS) is a prospective randomized, single-center, open-label trail designed to assess the effect of rosuvastatin on the intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) level of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods. 40 NAFLD patients meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria with metabolic syndrome (MS) but without overt diabetes mellitus will be included. Patients will be randomized to 52-week treatment with either rosuvastatin (10 mg/d) or blank control. The primary end point is IHCL evaluated by 1H-MRS, which was considered to be the most accurate noninvasive method for the evaluation of NAFLD. Secondary end points include homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index on behalf of insulin resistance level and lipid parameters. Safety indicators will be monitored such as liver function, renal function, muscle stability, and glucose metabolism. The aims of the present study are noteworthy in respect that (1) IHCL is a quantitative indicator for evaluating the degree of fatty liver disease and 1H-MRS is a noninvasive technique to provide this specific index precisely, (2) meanwhile the HOMA-IR index and lipid parameters will be monitored, and (3) the safety of rosuvastatin treatment for 52 weeks will be evaluated including glucose metabolism, muscle stability, liver function, and renal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given a maternal inheritance nature (except for some gymnosperms) and a low frequency of genetic recombination, chloroplatt satellites markers are especially useful in plant genetic diversity analysis, population genetic structure analysis, phylogenetic analysis and hybrid identification, which is an effective means of phylogeography. The main producing area and main distribution area of ramie is in China,but the phylogeography research on ramie have not been reported. This article's aim is to screen polymorphism cpSSR primers appropriate for phylogeography from universal cpSSR primers. In this paper,23 pairs of universal cpSSR primers were screened using 52 ramie samples from different locations all over the country,by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. And clustering analysis and cpDNA haplotypes analysis of 52 ramie samples were conducted using the screened primers. Sixteen out of them were polymorphic, and the average polymorphism information content of them was 0.105 3. Although the polymorphism of these primers was low, they could be used in the research of genetic analysis in ramie. Fifty-two samples were clustered into ten groups and divided into eight haplotypes,and primarily analysis showed that the genetic variation of cpSSR remains slow, these primers were not suitable for phylogentic research. However, these primers were able to detett haplotype variation, and suitable for the phylogeography research on ramie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aroma is an important character of tea, and terpenoids, with preferable fragrance and relatively high boiling point , are substantial substances contributing to tea aroma, which not only determine the aroma quality of tea, but also provide a classification basis of scent types. In plants, sesquiterpenes and dolichol and so forth are synthesize via the cytoplasmic mevalonate-dependent pathway. The enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) to mevalonate, which is the committed step in the synthesis of isoprenoids via the MVA pathway. To help understand the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying terpenoid synthesis of tea, a full-length cDNA encoding HMGR was cloned from tea (Cainellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) by using the RACE-PCR technique (designated as CsHMGR 1). It comprised 1 979 bp, with a 1 722 bp intact open reading frame encoding a 573-amino-acid protein. The deduced protein showed 80% to 82% similarities to homologs from rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) , common camptotheca fruit (sam ptotheca acum mate) , ginseng (Panax ginseng), litchis (Litchi chinensis) ,American ginseng (Panax qumnquefolius) ,rooted salvia (Salvia miltiorrhiza) , Momordica grosvenori (Siraitia grosvenorii) , and longan (Dimocarpus ion gan). The phylogenetic tree, constructed with the cat- alytic domained of CsHMGR1 and homologs from other species, indicated that CsHMGR1 belonged to the eukaryotic class I HMGR family. CsHMGR1 consisted of two transmembrane domains, implying that it may be localized to en- doplasmic reticulum (ER) similarly to other eukaryotic homologs. It also contained two HMG-CoA binding sites, two NADP( H) -binding sites, four conserved catalytic active residues and a phosphorylation site, indicating that phospho- rylation/dephosphorylation is likely a crucial mode of regulation of its biochemical activity. Tissue expression analysis indicated that CsHMGR1 was expressed comparatively in the leaf buds of C. sinensis cv. Dayelong and in both leaf buds and floral buds of the mother plants. The regulation of expression and physiological activity of CsHMGR1 are likely to impact greatly on tea quality, and CsHMGR1 may provide a basis of the quality evaluation and breeding of tea given that its function is further resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyploidy is prevalent in nature, which reveals that there is an evolutionary advantage of having multiple sets of genetic materials for adaptive evolution in plants. When a new polyploid formed,many of genome-wide changes arose folowing the onset of polyploid formation, whereas others emerged on a longer evolutionary timescale. Owing to the influence of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, the contributions of the parental genomes to the new formed polyploid were not equal. The dominance advantage of the biased parental genome was described as genomic imprinting. Genomic imprinting in polyploid plants showed the genome sequence of bias eliminating,imbalanced gene expression and gene silencing, which appeared to be caused by genome merger and epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation,nuclear dominance. This paper aimed to provide a reference for the research of genome evolution and polyploid breeding in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the association of ghrelin gene polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome in Han Nationality Chinese. Methods: A total of 240 patients with metabolic syndrome and 427 adults aged above forty years were recruited. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: The allelic frequency of the Leu72Met polymorphism was 17.3% in the patient group and 11.9% in the control group (χ2=7.36, P=0.007). Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent among carriers of the Met72 variant (43.8 vs 33.1%, age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio=1.57, P=0.01). No Arg51Gln variants were found in our study subjects. Conclusion: Rather than being associated with its individual components, Leu72Met polymorphism is associated with metabolic syndrome in the Han Nationality Chinese. Arg51Gln polymorphism is rare in the Han Nationality Chinese. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: To assess the receptors of TRPV1 and GABA B1 receptors that were colocalized in cerebrospinal fluid contacting nucleus (CSF-contact nucleus) of chronic inflammatory pain (CIP) rats bringing inspiration for reducing chronic pain., Methods: A rat model of CIP was constructed by plantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were measured 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after plantar injection. In the first part of the experiment, rats with CIP were divided into the immunofluorescence group and the coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) group (n = 6). Rats in the immunofluorescence group were injected with the retrograde tracer CB conjugated with Alexa Fluor 594 into the lateral ventricle two days before the injection of CFA into the plantar surface of the left paw. Three days later, rats that exhibited hyperalgesia were perfused, and their brains were extracted and used for double immunofluorescence staining of the CSF-contacting nucleus. Rats in the Co-IP group were anesthetized and dissected 3 days after CFA injection, and fresh brain segments containing the CSF-contacting nucleus were collected for Co-IP to assess the colocalization of TRPV1 and GABA B1 in the CSF-contacting nucleus (n = 6). In the second part of the experiment, SD rats were divided into the normal saline group (control group) and the CFA group. Fresh CSF-contacting nucleus-containing tissues were collected for Western blot analysis 3 days after plantar injection to observe the changes in TRPV1 and GABA B1 expression in the CSF-contacting nucleus., Results: TRPV1 and GABA B1 were co-expressed in the CSF-contacting nucleus in rats with CIP, and their expression was upregulated., Conclusion: TRPV1 and GABA B1 in the CSF-contacting nucleus are jointly involved in CIP in rats, and there is a direct or indirect link between TRPV1 and GABA B1 ., Competing Interests: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest in this research., (© 2022 Xu et al.)