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Table S1: Lithology, occurrences and locations of samples selected for zircon U-Pb, molybdenite Re-Os, whole-rock major-trace element analysis, zircon Hf, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope analysis. Table S2: Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of the granitoids. Table S3: Re-Os data of molybdenite from the Ulgen porphyry Mo deposit. Table S4: Whole-rock major and trace element compositions of the monzogranitic porphyry, muscovite monzonitic granite, and biotite granitic porphyry. Table S5: Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of the granitoids in the Ulgen deposit. Table S6: Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic composition of the granitoids. Table S7: Trace element (ppm) data of zircon grains from the granitoids.

Electrospun fiber membranes have great potential in the field of air filtration because of their high porosity and small pore size. Conventional air filtration membranes are hydrophilic, leading to weak moisture-barrier properties, which hinders their application in high-humidity environments. In this study, eugenol was added to polyvinyl alcohol and ethyl cellulose (EC) for electrospinning and electrospraying, respectively, of superhydrophobic bilayer composite fiber membranes to efficiently filter particulate matter (PM) in air. Owing to its surface microstructure, electrosprayed EC increased the water contact angle of the PVA membrane from 142.8 to 151.1°. More importantly, the composite air-filter membrane showed a low filtration pressure drop (168.1 Pa) and exhibited high filtration efficiencies of 99.74 and 99.77% for PM

The optimal therapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) who relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains unclear. In this study we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of sorafenib combined with other therapeutic strategies as salvage therapy for these patients. Eighty-three AML patients with FLT3-ITD relapsing after allo-HSCT were enrolled in this study. Fifty-three patients received salvage therapy containing sorafenib and 30 patients did not. Salvage therapy containing sorafenib was superior to that without sorafenib with respect to complete remission rates, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) (66.0% versus 30.0%, 46.8% versus 20.0%, and 44.9% versus 16.7%, respectively; P = .002, P = .003, and P = .001). Further subgroup analysis revealed that the OS and PFS of patients who received sorafenib combined with chemotherapy followed by donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) were superior to those receiving other therapeutic regimens, including sorafenib combined with chemotherapy, chemotherapy followed by DLI, and monochemotherapy (P = .003, P.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that salvage therapy including sorafenib was the only protective factor for longer OS (P = .035; hazard ratio [HR], .526); salvage therapy including sorafenib and DLI were the protective factors for longer PFS (P = .011, HR, .423; P = .019, HR, .508). Our data suggest that sorafenib therapy is associated with improved outcomes for FLT3-ITD AML relapsing after allo-HSCT, and whether sorafenib combined with chemotherapy followed by DLI reveals an optimal efficacy merits further study.

Limited to inadequate stem-cell doses, cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is accompanied by increased graft failure and delayed haematopoietic recovery. The conditioning regimen is critically important for engraftment, and numerous trials have been undertaken comparing the outcomes of IV Bu and TBI, but there are no comparative data for UCBT. We conducted a retrospective multicentre study to analyse the outcomes of IV Bu and TBI in UCBT patients with haematologic malignancies. Between 1 May, 2008 and 31 Mar, 31 2018, a total of 331 patients from the China Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Corporation (IV Bu, n = 131; TBI, n = 200) were evaluated. The cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment was 91.6% in the IV Bu/Cy cohort and 98.0% in the Cy/TBI cohort (P

Background: Intestinal herpesvirus disease remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). There is lack of useful methods for etiological diagnosis of intestinal herpesvirus diseases. Here, we evaluated the efficiency of detecting herpesvirus in feces samples via real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) for diagnosis of intestinal herpesvirus diseases after allo-HSCT. Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective study. Patients with refractory diarrhea after intestinal graft-versus-host diseases (GVHD) were enrolled in this study. Laboratory tests which consisted of morphologic examination, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and RQ-PCR of tissue homogenate were used to detect viral pathogens including cytomegalovirus (CMV), epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV)-I, HSV-II, varicella zoster virus (VZV), adenovirus (ADV) and human herpes virus (HHV)-6, HHV-7. These viruses aforementioned were also detected in feces and blood samples. Results: One hundred and seven patients with refractory diarrhea after intestinal GVHD were enrolled between January 2016 and December 2020. Based on the detection of viruses in biopsy specimens, 75 patients were diagnosed as intestinal infectious diseases including 64 accompanying with intestinal GVHD. CMV was the most frequent pathogen of intestinal infectious diseases (53.8%), followed by EBV (36.5%), bacteria (3.4%) and others (6.3%). For diagnosis of intestinal CMV diseases, the sensitivity and specificity of RQ-PCR in feces samples were better than those of blood (sensitivity: 96.9% v.s. 72.5%, p=0.004; specificity: 93.6% v.s. 75.8%, p=0.035). Similarly, the sensitivity of RQ-PCR in feces and blood samples were 88.2% and 21.9% (p Conclusion: Intestinal infectious diseases were one of the main causes of refractory diarrhea after intestinal GVHD. Herpesviruses, especially CMV and EBV, were the most common pathogens. Herpesvirus-DNA detection by RQ-PCR in feces samples was a useful diagnostic method for intestinal herpesviruses diseases. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a serious bone marrow failure disorder that is often cured with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The absence of a matched related donor is common, however, and thus novel approaches are needed to safely expand the donor pool to include alternative donors, especially haploidentical related donors, for patients with SAA. This study aimed to explore a novel approach to HSCT for patients with SAA without an available HLA-identical sibling or a matched unrelated donor, termed haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (haplo-PBSCT), using a conditioning regimen comprising cyclophosphamide, busulfan, and fludarabine (CBF) and a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis regimen with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy), low-dose methotrexate (LD-MTX), and calcineurin inhibitors. This prospectively designed nonrandomized study included 29 patients with SAA who underwent haplo-PBSCT between November 2017 and May 2020. The median patient age was 17 years (range, 14 to 30 years), and the median time to neutrophil recovery was 13 days (range, 13 to 15 days). There was 1 primary graft failure (GF) in the group receiving PTCy at a dose of 50 mg/kg and no GFs in the group receiving PTCy at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The median duration of follow-up was 736 days (95% confidence interval, 512 to 879 days). The estimated 1-year overall survival and disease-free survival were 91.7 ± 5.7% and 89.7 ± 5.7%, respectively. Only 1 of the 27 patients developed grade II acute GVHD. Four patients developed limited and mild chronic GVHD, involving only the skin or/and oral mucosa. Haplo-PBSCT following CBF and followed by PTCy and LD-MTX represents a novel approach for safely expanding the donor pool to include alternative donors for young patients with SAA.

The Xitieshan deposit (~ 64 Mt at 4.86% Zn, 4.16% Pb, 58 g/t Ag, and 0.68 g/t Au) is hosted by the Middle to Late Ordovician Tanjianshan Group of the North Qaidam tectonic metallogenic belt, NW China. This belt is characterized by island arc volcanic, ultra-high pressure (UHP) metamorphic and ophiolitic rocks. The Tanjianshan Group constitutes a succession of metamorphosed bimodal volcanic and sedimentary rocks, which are interpreted to have formed on the margin of a back-arc ocean basin between the Qaidam block and the Qilian block. Four stratigraphic units are identified within the Ordovician Tanjianshan Group. From northeast to southwest they are: 1) unit a, or the lower volcanic-sedimentary rocks, comprising bimodal volcanic rocks (unit a-1) and sedimentary rocks (unit a-2) ranging from carbonates to black carbonaceous schist; 2) unit b, or intermediate-mafic volcaniclastic rocks, characterized by intermediate to mafic volcaniclastic rocks intercalated with lamellar carbonaceous schist and minor marble lenses; 3) unit c, a purplish red sandy conglomerate that unconformably overlies unit b, representing the product of the foreland basin sedimentation during the Early Silurian; 4) unit d, or mafic volcanic rocks, from base to up, comprising the lower mafic volcaniclastic rocks (unit d-1), middle clastic sedimentary rocks (unit d-2), upper mafic volcaniclastic rocks (unit d-3), and uppermost mafic volcanic rocks (unit d-4). Unit a-2 hosts most of the massive sulfides whereas unit b contains subordinate amounts. The massive stratiform lenses constitute most of the Xitieshan deposit with significant amount of semi-massive and irregularly-shaped sulfides and minor amounts in stringer veins. Pyrite, galena and sphalerite are the dominant sulfide minerals, with subordinate pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. Quartz is a dominant gangue mineral. Sericite, quartz, chlorite, and carbonate alteration of host rocks accompanies the mineralization. U-Pb zircon geochronology yields three ages of 454 Ma, 452 Ma and 451 Ma for the footwall felsic volcanic rocks in unit a-1, sedimentary host rocks in unit a-2 and hanging-wall unit b, respectively. The Xitieshan deposit is considered to be coeval with the sedimentation of unit a-2 and unit b of the Tanjianshan Group. The Xitieshan deposit has been intensely deformed during two phases (main ductile shear and minor ductile-brittle deformation). The main ductile shear deformation controls the general strike of the ore zones, whereas minor deformation controls the internal geometry of the ore bodies. 40 Ar- 39 Ar age of muscovite from mylonitized granitic gneisses in the ductile shear zone is ~ 399 Ma, which is interpreted to date the Xitieshan ductile shear zone, suggesting that Early Devonian metamorphism and deformation post-dated the Tanjianshan Group. The Xitieshan deposit has many features similar to that of the Bathurst district of Canada, the Iberian Pyrite Belt of Spain, the Wolverine volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in Canada. Based on its tectonic setting, host-rock types, local geologic setting, metal grades, geochronology, temperatures and salinities of mineralizing fluid and source of sulfur, the Xitieshan deposit has features similar to sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) and VMS deposits and is similar to volcanic and sediment-hosted massive sulfide (VSHMS) deposits.

Sediment provenance studies have become a major theme for source-to-sink systems and provide an important tool for assessing paleogeographic reconstruction, characterizing the depositional system, and predicting reservoir quality. The lower Miocene is an important stratigraphic unit for deciphering sediment evolution in the continental shelf of the northwestern South China Sea, but the provenance characteristics of this strata remain unclear. In this study, detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopes from the lower Miocene Sanya Formation in the Yinggehai-Song Hong Basin were examined to study the provenance and its variation in the early Miocene. U-Pb dating of detrital zircons yielded ages ranging from Archean to Cenozoic (3313 to 39 Ma) and displayed age distributions with multiple peaks and a wide range of &epsilon, Hf(t) values (from &minus, 27.2 to +8.5). Multi-proxy sediment provenance analysis indicates that the Red River system was the major source for the sediments in the northern basin, with additional contribution from central Vietnam, and the Hainan played the most important role in contributing detritus to the eastern margin of the basin in the middle Miocene. This paper highlights the provenance of early Miocene sediments and contributes to paleogeographic reconstruction and reservoir evaluation.

The effects of microencapsulation of Enterococcus faecalis on the growth performance, antioxidant activity, immune function, and cecal microbiota in broilers were investigated. Broilers (1-day-old) were assigned randomly as follows: 5 treatments, 5 replicate pens per treatment, and 20 broilers per pen. Treatments included (1) a basal diet (CON), (2) CON + Aureomycin (1 g/kg of diet) (ANT), (3) CON + free non-encapsulated probiotics (1 × 10(9) cfu/kg of diet) (FREE), (4) CON + pro-encapsulated probiotics (1 × 10(9) cfu/kg of diet) (PRO), and (5) CON + pre-encapsulated probiotics (1 × 10(9) cfu/kg of diet) (PRE). Feedings included starter (1 to 21 d) and grower (21 to 42 d) phases. In the starter phase, the ANT and the PRE groups had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than the CON groups, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) for these 2 groups was decreased (P < 0.05). In the finisher phase, the PRE and PRO groups had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than the CON group and their FCR was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). During the entire feeding period, only the PRE group showed greater (P < 0.05) ADG and lower (P < 0.05) FCR. On day 21, only birds in the PRE group had greater (P < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity and number of Lactobacillus than the CON group. On day 42, The PRE group showed greater (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase than the CON group. Serum IgA and IgM concentrations were increased (P < 0.05) in the PRE group. Serum IL-6 in the PRE group was greater (P < 0.05) than in the other groups with the exception of ANT. At the phylum level, Firmicutes was enriched (P < 0.05) and Proteobacteria was depleted (P < 0.05) only in the PRE group. At the genus level, only the PRE diets increased (P < 0.05) the number of both Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. The results indicate that pre-encapsulation assists the efficient functioning of probiotics in broilers.

GPS field and seismic data show that the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is tectonically and seismically active. This activity is due to the southeastward extrusion of the Chuandian fragment, a large crustal block rotating clockwise around the northeastern syntaxis of the Himalayas. The eastern boundary fault of this fragment is defined by the left-lateral Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault, which abruptly truncates the Sichuan basin of the Yangtze block. Our paper presents evidence indicating that the Sichuan basin experienced right-lateral shear along its margin, including the Longmen Shan fault belt, as shown by the presence of a large number of interference deformation features, including S-shaped and Z-shaped folds and faults, aligned in an en echelon pattern. This study hypothesizes that the Sichuan basin experienced counterclockwise rotation, dragged by the left-lateral movement along the Xianshuihe fault, and it is this rotation that was the underlying cause of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Ms 7.9 earthquake. During the rotation, the Sichuan basin decoupled along a subhorizontal decollement fault zone that developed along Triassic gypsum- and coal-bearing rocks, at a mean depth of ~5000 m, below which the Paleozoic rocks experienced much more intense deformation than the overlying Mesozoic rocks, suggesting that the lower part of the basin experienced a larger-scale rotation relative to the uppermost part of the basin. Based on thermal data from the western margin of the Sichuan basin and from along the Xianshuihe fault, the counterclockwise bending/rotation of the Sichuan basin initiated in late Cenozoic time (~13 Ma).

Relapse is a major cause of treatment-failure in persons with Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL) receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. There is controversy whether post-transplant tyrosine kinase-inhibitors (TKIs) reduces relapse risk. We evaluated a pre-emptive strategy in 103 subjects in a prospective study with prophylactic group as historical control. Subjects were tested for measurable residual disease (MRD) by assaying levels of BCRABL1 transcript. MRD was considered positive if the levels of BCRABL1 transcript were >=10-5. Subjects with positive MRD post-transplant received TKI-therapy. The chosen of TKIs was based on BCRABL1 mutation, and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) was recommended in those who were not responsive to TKIs. The primary endpoint was relapse (including hematological relapse and central nervous system relapse). Twenty-three of 103 subjects were MRD-positive post-transplant. Seven of whom had BCRABL1 mutations including T315I (N=5). Pre-emptive therapy resulted in 21 subjects being MRD-test negative. The overall 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) post-transplantation was 11% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4, 17%) and 34% (22,1, 46.5%) in the pre-emptive and prophylactic maintain group (P=0.030). The 3-year cumulative survival and LFS post-transplants in the pre-emptive and prophylactic group were 87% (80, 94%) and 63% (51, 75%), and 83% (76, 91%) and 58% (46, 70%) (P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). The multivariate analysis showed that positive MRD pre-transplantation was the risk factor for relapse, LFS and survival [HRs=8.977(3.344, 24.096; P=0.000), HRs=4.763 (2.153, 10.538; P=0.000) and HRs=7.535 (2.977,19.071; P=0.000], while pre-emptive therapy was the protective factor for relapse, LFS and survival [HRs=0.176 (0.077, 0.339; P=0.000), HRs=0.222 (0.107, 0.462; P=0.000) and HRs=0.188 (0.082,0.43; P=0.000)]. Our data suggest a pre-emptive strategy based on MRD-test monitoring and mutation analyses might reduce CIR and improve survival after allotransplants for Ph+ALL (NCT 01883219). Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The Xitian tungsten–tin (W–Sn) polymetallic deposit, located in eastern Hunan Province, South China, is a recently explored region containing one of the largest W–Sn deposits in the Nanling W–Sn metallogenic province. The mineral zones in this deposit comprise skarn, greisen, structurally altered rock and quartz-vein types. The deposit is mainly hosted by Devonian dolomitic limestone at the contact with the Xitian granite complex. The Xitian granite complex consists of Indosinian (Late Triassic, 230–215 Ma) and Yanshanian (Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous, 165–141 Ma) granites. Zircons from two samples of the Xitian granite dated using laser ablation-inductively coupled mass spectrometer (LA-ICPMS) U–Pb analysis yielded two ages of 225.6 ± 1.3 Ma and 151.8 ± 1.4 Ma, representing the emplacement ages of two episodic intrusions of the Xitian granite complex. Molybdenites separated from ore-bearing quartz-veins yielded a Re–Os isochron age of 149.7 ± 0.9 Ma, in excellent agreement with a weighted mean age of 150.3 ± 0.5 Ma. Two samples of muscovites from ore-bearing greisens yielded 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 149.5 ± 1.5 Ma and 149.4 ± 1.5 Ma, respectively. These isotopic ages obtained from hydrothermal minerals are slightly younger than the zircon U–Pb age of 151.8 ± 1.4 Ma of the Yanshanian granite in the Xitian area, indicating that the W–Sn mineralization is genetically related to the Late Jurassic magmatism. The Xitian deposit is a good example of the Early Yanshanian regional W–Sn ore-forming event (160–150 Ma) in the Nanling region. The relatively high Re contents (8.7 to 44.0 ppm, average of 30.5 ppm) in molybdenites suggest a mixture of mantle and crustal sources in the genesis of the ore-forming fluids and melts. Based upon previous geochemical studies of Early Yanshanian granite and regional geology, we argue that the Xitian W–Sn polymetallic deposit can be attributed to back-arc lithosphere extension in the region, which was probably triggered by the break-off of the flat-slab of the Palae-Pacific plate beneath the lithosphere.

Background Internal tandem duplication of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) mutation has been reported in about 25% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In contrast to patients with FLT3-ITD wild-type, AML with FLT3-ITD mutations have an inferior survival, primarily due to shorter remission duration and higher relapse rate. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) improves the survival for FLT3-ITD AML, the rate of leukemia relapse remains high. Patients experiencing leukemia relapse post-transplants have a dismal prognosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that sorafenib monotherapy or in combination with other therapeutic strategies could induce sustained responses for patients with FLT3-ITD relapsed post-transplants. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sorafenib combined with other therapeutic strategies for AML with FLT3-ITD relapsed after allo-HSCT. MethodsA total of 76 AML with FLT3-ITD relapsed after allo-HSCT from January 2012 to May 2017 were enrolled in this study. Depending on whether receiving salvage therapy containing sorafenib, patients were divided into 2 groups: sorafenib group (n=49) and non-sorafenib group (n=27). On the basis of the differences of therapeutic regimens, patients were divided into 4 subgroups, including sorafenib+ chemotherapy+donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) (Group A, n=39), sorafenib+ chemotherapy (Group B, n=10), chemotherapy +DLI (Group C, n=15), and monochemotherapy (Group D, n=12). Outcomes of different therapeutic regimens were compared. Results Forty patients obtained complete remission (CR) and 12 partial remission after salvage therapies, with the CR and overall response (OR) rates of 52.6% and 68.4%. The CR and OR rates were 65.3% and 81.6% in the sorafenib group, compared with 29.6% and 44.4% in the non-sorafenib group (P=0.003, P=0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the CR and OR rates in Group A were higher than that in Group D (P=0.006, P=0.001), and they were similar to that in Groups B and C (all P values >0.008). There were also no significant differences in the CR and OR rates among Groups B, C, and D (all P values >0.008). With a median follow-up of 245 (range 30-1992) days after relapse, 26 patients remained alive and 50 died. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was 33.8% (95% CI, 23.3%-44.5%). The 3-year OS in the sorafenib group was superior to that in the non-sorafenib group (42.0% vs 18.5%, P=0.002). Subgroup analysis revealed that sorafenib combined with chemotherapy followed by DLI was superior to other regimens, with 3-year OS of 47.8%, 20.0%, 20.0%, and 16.7% in Groups A, B, C, and D, respectively (P=0.007). The incidences of acute and chronic GVHD as well as the mortality of GVHD after salvage therapies were similar among the four groups (P=0.304, P=0.429, P=0.601, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that salvage therapy containing sorafenib was the only protective factor for OS (P=0.022, hazard ratios= 0.479). ConclusionsSalvage therapy containing sorafenib was superior to that not containing sorafenib, and sorafenib combined with chemotherapy followed by DLI revealed optimal efficacy for relapse of AML with FLT3-ITD after allo-HSCT. Disclosures Fan: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding.

Intravenous busulfan (IV-Bu) or total body irradiation (TBI) based regimens are currently the most widely used myeloablative conditioning regimens for patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic stem-cell transplantation(allo-SCT). Numerous trials have been undertaken on the clinical outcomes between IV Bu and TBI, but there are no comparative data for cord blood transplantation(CBT). We conducted a prospective registry-based study to analysis the outcomes of IV Bu and TBI in CBT patients with hematologic malignancies. From May 1, 2008 to Mar 31, 2016, a total of 331 consecutive patients with hematologic malignancies recieved singe unrelated CBT were involved in the study. Eligibility criteria for this analysis included:(1)Weigh ≧35 kilograms and age ≦ 60 years; (2)All patients recieved a single unit CBT but not a double units CBT; (3)Consensus criteria preparative regimens were based on full dose IV Bu(total 12.8 mg/kg, 0.8mg/kg every 6 h for 4 days) or TBI(total 12 Gy, 4 fractions) combined with Cy(60mg/kg × 2d); (4)GVHD prophylaxis regimens include cyclosporine(CSA) and mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) without Antithymocyte Globulin(ATG). Patients who has recieved a previous autologous or allogeneic transplantation was excluded in the study. The cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment were 91.6% in IV Bu/Cy cohort and 98.0% in Cy/TBI cohort(P < .001), respectively. The median follow-up time in IV Bu/Cy and Cy/TBI cohorts was 28.7(range, 12.2 to 91.3) months and 55.5(range, 13.1 to 117.1) months, respectively(P Our resluts demonstrates that, compared with TBI, IV Bu regimen was associated with a higher incidence of graft rejection in CBT. But there was no difference in survival with no increased risk for NRM or relapse between two regimens. For those centers lack of radiation facilities, IV Bu may be a valid and efficient alternative to TBI. With the restriction of a retrospective registry analysis and limited patient munbers, rigorously designed prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to further investigated the availability of IV Bu and TBI for CBT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The Upper Cretaceous dinosaur egg-bearing deposits in Henan Province, central China are divided into three formations in ascending order: Gaogou, Majiacun and Sigou. The Gaogou Formation belongs to alluvial fan deposits containing the fossil dinosaur egg assemblage of Faveoloolithus, Dendroolithus, Dictyoolithus, Paraspheroolithus and Longiteresoolithus. The Majiacun Formation is interpreted as braided stream to meandering stream deposits with assemblage of Ovaloolithus, Paraspheroolithus, Placoolithus, Dendroolithus, Prismatoolithus, rare Youngoolithus and Nanhiungoolithus. The Sigou Formation is shallow lacustrine/palustrine to low-sinuosity river sedimentary rocks with assemblage of Macroolithus, Elongatoolithus, Ovaloolithus and Paraspheroolithus. To date, 37 oospecies, 13 oogenera and 8 oofamilies of dinosaur eggs have been distinguished. Autochthonous dinosaur eggs are preserved in the floodplain deposits, whereas allochthonous and parautochthonous dinosaur eggs are preserved in the alluvial fans. This suggests that river floodplains are the best environments for the preservation of numerous autochthonous dinosaur eggs. The preservation of most dinosaur eggs in brown to red calcic palaeosoils, muddy siltstones or mudstones suggests that the paleoclimate of the nesting area was semiarid. The presence of gray and green mudstone and coal layers, however, indicates that there existed an ephemeral subhumid climate during the middle and Late Cretaceous. It is suggested that such a climate was favorable for the development of meandering streams in a vegetated environment.

To improve prognosis of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), a sequential therapeutic strategy that rituximab-based treatments followed by donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) or autologous EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTL) for biopsy-proven EBV-associated PTLD in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was designed. 84 patients with EBV-PTLD were enrolled in this prospective study. After two cycles of the rituximab-based treatments, 68 of 84 patients (81% [95% CI 71-88]) responded and 52 (62% [51-72]) had CRs. This increased to 73 of 77 patients (95% [87-98]) with completion of sequential cell infusions, and 70 of 77 (91% [82-96]) achieved CRs after DLI or autologous EBV-CTL infusion. 22 patients experienced acute GVHD (aGVHD) (grade I in 5 and grade II in 13, grade III in 4) and 13 chronic GVHD (limited cGVHD in 7 and extensive cGVHD in 6) in 62 patients undergoing a median of three doses of DLI. The incidences of GVHD were similar between DLI and EBV-CTL group (aGVHD 35% vs. 33%, p = 0.876; cGVHD 21% vs. 13%; p = 0.503). EBV-CTL activity after the rituximab-based treatments did not change, while increased after cell infusions and reached its maximum in the 3rd or 6th month after EBV-CTL or DLI treatment, respectively. The 5-y cumulative incidence of PTLD relapse was 4.5% ± 3.3%. The 5-y overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after PTLD were 70.7% ± 5.2% and 68.9% ± 5.3%, respectively. Rituximab-based treatments combined with adoptive cellular immunotherapy might elevate CR rates and reduce relapse of PTLD after allo-HSCT.

Background: Antithymocyteglobulin (ATG), used as conditioning regimen, can reduce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Notwithstanding, immunosuppressive effect of ATG may increase the risk of viral infections after HSCT. To evaluate the effect of different doses of ATG on post-transplant viral infection, we conducted a multicenter prospective study to compare EBV and CMV infection in haplo-HSCT recipients receiving 7.5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg ATG. Methods Between May 2013 and November 2015, 350 consecutive patients with hematological malignancies undergoing haplo-HSCT were randomized in 5 hospitals. One hundred and seventy-two patients received ATG with a total dosage of 7.5 mg/kg and 175 received 10 mg/kg ATG. Three patients did not received allocated intervention and transplantation due to leukemia relapse before transplant or toxicity of conditioning regimens. Results The cumulative incidence of EBV viremia on day 180 was 23.3±3.2% in 7.5 mg/kg ATG arm which was lower than that in 10 mg/kg arm (34.6±3.7%, P=0.037). CMV viremia were comparable in the two arms (7.5 mg/kg arm: 79.0±3.1% vs. 10 mg/kg arm: 76.9±3.2%, P=0.950). The incidences of CMV diseases were 0.6±0.6% and 2.4±1.2% in 7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg arms, respectively (P=0.093). No difference in the incidence of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) was found between the two arms (2.4±1.2% in 7.5 mg/kg arm vs. 5.4±1.8% in 10 mg/kg arm, P=0.150). Besides, acute GVHD grade II to IV within 100 days occurred in 55 recipients with the incidence of 31.4% in 7.5mg/kg ATG arms and 45 recipients in 10 mg/kg arms with the incidence of 26.2% (P=0.279). The incidences of aGVHD grade III to IV were similar in the two arms (8.0% in 7.5 mg/kg arm: vs. 4.7% in 10 mg/kg arm, P=0.196). The 2-years overall survival were 69.5±4.7% and 69.4±3.9% for 7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg group (P=0.540). Conclusion Compared with 10 mg/kg of ATG, the application of 7.5 mg/kg might reduce the risk of EBV infection after haplo-HSCT and not increase aGVHD. Disclosures Lin: National Natural Science Foundation of China 81270647: Research Funding; Science and technology planning project of Guangdong Province 2014B020226004: Research Funding; The project of health collaborative innovation of Guangzhou City 201400000003-4: Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China 81400141: Research Funding.

Background Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an important complication after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Antithymocyteglobulin (ATG) has been widely used for GVHD prophylaxis. However, the delay of T-cell reconstitution causes by ATG may increase the risk of opportunistic infections. In this multicenter prospective study, we compared the outcomes of the patients undergoing haplo-HSCT who received 7.5 mg/kg ATG or 10 mg/kg ATG as GVHD prophylaxis. Methods A total of 368 consecutive patients undergoing haplo-HSCT were randomized in 5 hospitals between May 2013 and March 2016. ATG with a total dosage of 7.5 mg/kg were administered in 184 patients and 10 mg/kg ATG were administered in 181 for GVHD prophylaxis. Three patients did not received allocated intervention and transplantation due to leukemia relapse before transplant or toxicity of conditioning regimens. The primary endpoint was the incidence of acute GVHD grade II to IV on day 100. Noninferiority of 7.5mg/kg ATG against 10mg/kg ATG was established if the difference of the 95% confidence interval (CI) in acute GVHD grade II to IV between the two groups was within 15%. Results The incidences of acute GVHD grade II to IV on day 100 were 31.5% and 28.2% in 7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg ATG (P=0.485), respectively. The difference between these two groups was 3.3% with 95% CI of -6.1% to 12.7%, which indicated that 7.5 mg/kg ATG was not inferior to 10 mg/kg ATG. The incidences of acute GVHD grade III to IV were similar in the two groups (8.2% in 7.5 mg/kg group vs. 5.0% in 10 mg/kg group, P=0.220). No difference in chronic GVHD was found in the two groups (21.2% in 7.5 mg/kg arm vs. 19.8% in 10 mg/kg arm, P=0.748). More patients developed EBV viremia in 10 mg/kg group (37.5±3.8%) than those in 7.5 mg/kg group (25.2±3.3%, P=0.018). The 2-years overall survival were 69.5±4.3% and 66.7±4.0% for 7.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg group (P=0.356). And the 2-year disease-free survival were also comparative in the two groups (66.3±5.7% in 7.5 mg/kg arm vs. 66.6±3.8% in 10 mg/kg arm, P=0.288). Conclusion Compared with 10 mg/kg ATG, the 7.5mg/kg ATG applied in haplo-HSCT appears not to increase GVHD and might reduce the risk of EBV infection after transplantation. Disclosures Lin: National Natural Science Foundation of China 81400141: Research Funding; National Natural Science Foundation of China 81270647: Research Funding; Science and technology planning project of Guangdong Province 2014B020226004: Research Funding; The project of health collaborative innovation of Guangzhou City 201400000003-4: Research Funding.

Background The introduction of rituximab has improved the complete remission(CR) rate of EBV-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease(PTLD), thus the recurrence of PTLD becomes the main cause affecting long-term survival, which is closely related with the reestablishment of immune functions. Unfortunately, PTLD happens generally at the early stage of transplants and the reconstitution of immunocompetence needs for 3-5 years in the recipients of allo-HSCT. In this study, a sequential therapeutic strategy that based on rituximab followed by adoptive cellular therapies (G-CSF mobilized donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) or EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte infusion (EBV-CTL)) was evaluated for decreasing relapse of PTLD. Methods Fifty-two patients with EBV-PTLD were enrolled in this prospective study. Once PTLD was diagnosed,immunosuppressants would be withdrawn in a stepwise fashion (ie, total dose reduced by 20%/week)if the condition of the patient was acceptable. The rituximab-based treatments (rituximab alone or combined with chemotherapy) were administrated based on PTLD histopathology and the blood cells counts. After CR or 2 cycles of rithuximab-based treatments, DLI or EBV-CTL therapy would be performed in this cohort. The rituximab-based treatments would be discontinued once patient obtained CR, and DLI would be performed once Monthly till GVHD occurred or for a total of 4 doses and EBV-CTL infusion would be performed every two weeks till GVHD occurred or for a total of 8 doses . Results After 2 cycles of the rituximab-based treatments, 37 patients obtained complete remission (CR), 8 obtained partial remission (PR), and 7 no remission (NR), including 4 died of PTLD progression. The CR rate of 2 cycles of rituximab-based treatments was 71.2%. After rituximab-based treatments combined with the adoptive cellular therapies, 9 obtained CR and 2 died of PTLD progression in 11 patients who did not achieve CR within 2cycles of rituximab-based treatments. The CR rate of 2 cycles of rituximab-based treatments combined with cellular therapies was 88.5%. Seven patients experience acute GVHD (aGVHD) (grade I in 1 and grade II in 6) and 8 chronic (cGVHD) (limited cGVHD in 5 and extensive cGVHD in 3) in 39 patients underwent a median 4 doses of DLI. One patient experienced grade II aGVHD and 2 limited cGVHD in 8 patients underwent a median of 7 doses of EBV-CTL. There were no differences in incidence of aGVHD(P=1.000) and cGVHD(P=1.000) between the patients received DLI and CTL. Within a median follow-up of 632 (range, 21 to 1651) days, one patient experienced PTLD relapse, and the 4 year cumulative incidence of PTLD relapse and primary malignancy relapse was 5.3%±5.1% and 6.2±4.3%, respectively. The 4 year cumulative overall survival (OS) after PTLD and disease(PTLD)-free survival were 66.2%±7.1% and 65.9±7.3%, respectively. Conclusions Rituximab-based treatments combined with the adoptive cellular therapies might elevate PTLD CR rate, and decrease the relapse in the recipients of allo-HSCT. Disclosures: Liu: It was supported by 863 Program (No. 2011AA020105), National Public Health Grand Research Foundation (Grant No. 201202017): Research Funding; It was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81000231, No.81270647) and Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou of China(11A72121174): Research Funding.

Soft actuator is the main technology that drives the development of soft robotics as it defines the capabilities of soft machines. One of the key challenges in soft actuator research is to simultaneously produce complex morphing (e.g., surface morphing) and high force. Therefore, a soft robotic pad (SRP) was developed as a new soft actuator that can potentially tackle this challenge. This article demonstrates the highly flexible customization process of the SRP regarding fabrication, morphing design, and force scaling for a challenging application: a giant manta ray robot with the Mobuliform swimming mode. Soft robotic pectoral fins (SRPFs) are customized using the SRP technology for the robot. Detailed characterization results show that the SRPFs can generate almost 100 N force or 25 Nm torque with a dual curving motion to mimic the manta ray fin kinematics. The SRPFs are able to propel the manta ray robot to a decent swimming speed with biomimetic fin motions. As a new member of the soft actuator family, SRPs exhibit strong capabilities through this manta ray robot, and they can potentially become unique tools for many engineers and researchers to tackle challenging applications requiring high force and surface morphing.