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The Wenshushan uplift is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor，dividing the Jiuxi basin and Jiudong basin. It is one of the three major uplift zones within the Hexi Corridor. Based on high-resolution satellite image interpretation and field investigations，we found that there were multiple fault scarps on the western margin of the Wenshushan uplift，with a length of about 3 km. The scarps are relatively continuous and exhibit complex combination characteristics of alternating forward and reverse scarps. Through unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetric technique and optically stimulated luminescence dating，a comprehensive study was conducted on the fault scarps. The fault scarps developed in different periods of alluvial fans in front of the mountain. Based on the accumulated fault scarp heights of 4.9～5.6 m and corresponding age of （37.3 ± 1.7） ka on the early alluvial fan，the vertical slip rate has been determined to be approximately 0.15 mm/a since the Late Pleistocene. The latest seismic activity occurred during the Holocene，which was a Holocene active fault with fault scarp heights of 0.5～0.7 m. According to data analysis，the formations of the fault scarps are the results of the uplift and expansion of the Wenshushan anticline.

Abstract Autophagosome-lysosome fusion defects play a critical role in driving autolysosomal dysfunction, leading to autophagic/lysosomal impairment in neurons following ischemic stroke. However, the mechanisms hindering autophagosome-lysosome fusion remain unclear. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) is an essential ATPase to reactivate STX17 and VAMP8, which are the paired molecules to mediate fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. However, NSF is frequently inactivated to inhibit the reactivation of STX17 and VAMP8 in ischemic neurons. Herein, we investigated whether autophagosome-lysosome fusion could be facilitated to alleviate autophagic/lysosomal impairment in ischemic neurons by over-expressing NSF. Rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and HT22 neuron ischemia model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) were prepared, respectively. The results demonstrated that NSF activity was significantly suppressed, accompanied by reduced expressions of STX17 and VAMP8 in penumbral neurons 48 h post-MCAO and in HT22 neurons 2 h post-OGD. Moreover, the attenuated autolysosome formation accompanied by autophagic/lysosomal dysfunction was observed. Thereafter, NSF activity in HT22 neurons was altered by over-expression and siRNA knockdown, respectively. After transfection with recombinant NSF-overexpressing lentiviruses, both STX17 and VAMP8 expressions were concurrently elevated to boost autophagosome-lysosome fusion, as shown by enhanced immunofluorescence intensity co-staining with LC3 and LAMP-1. Consequently, the OGD-created autophagic/lysosomal dysfunction was prominently ameliorated, as reflected by augmented autolysosomal functions and decreased autophagic substrates. By contrast, NSF knockdown conversely aggravated the autophagic/lysosomal impairment, and thereby exacerbated neurological damage. Our study indicates that NSF over-expression induces neuroprotection against ischemic neuronal injury by restoring autophagic/lysosomal dysfunction via the facilitation of autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Over-expression of NSF promotes fusion by reactivating STX17 and VAMP8. Black arrows represent the pathological process after cerebral ischemia, green arrows represent the mechanism of remission after NSF over-expression, and red arrows represent the effect on the pathological process after NSF knockdown.

BackgroundSufentanil may induce hypotensive bradycardia and other adverse reactions in elderly patients during anesthesia, while esketamine exhibits sedative and analgesic effects with minimal impact on respiration and circulation. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of these two anesthetics on vital signs in patients undergoing bronchoscopy and lavage under general anesthesia.MethodThis study was a randomized controlled trial with a parallel design. A total of 100 patients aged ≥60 years with ASAI or II who were undergoing bronchoscopy and lavage were randomly assigned to two groups: group A (esketamine, n = 50) and group B (sufentanil, n = 50). During anesthesia induction, both groups received intravenous infusion of propofol at a dose of 1.5 mL/kg and atracurium. In group A, esketamine at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg was injected; in group B, sufentanil at a dose of 0.2 μg/kg was injected intravenously. Subsequently, a laryngeal mask was inserted and connected to an anesthesia machine for mechanical ventilation. Anesthesia maintenance involved continuous intravenous infusion of propofol at a dose of 3 mL/kg. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at various time points: before anesthesia injection (T0), after laryngeal mask insertion (T1), 5 min after the operation started (T2), 15 min after the operation started (T3), and before the end of the operation (T4). Additionally, the recovery time was recorded.ResultsThe blood pressure of patients in the esketamine group exhibited higher levels compared to those in the sufentanil group at multiple time points during the operation, while maintaining a more stable intraoperative blood pressure and shorter postoperative recovery time than that observed in the sufentanil group. The blood pressure and heart rate of patients in the esketamine group exhibited significant fluctuations after laryngeal mask implantation compared to pre-anesthesia induction, with a statistically significant increase observed. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in the sufentanil group. The heart rate and oxygen saturation showed no significant differences between the two groups, nor did the amount of propofol administered during the procedure.ConclusionThe utilization of esketamine during the induction phase of bronchoscopy and lavage under general anesthesia can enhance hemodynamic stability and reduce the occurrence of hypotension, thereby facilitating postoperative anesthetic recovery.

Obesity stress and its associated metabolic disruption increase the likelihood and advancement of several forms of malignancies, such as postmenopausal lung cancer in humans. Also, the mechanism of lung cancer stress-related cognitive impairment and rhythm change are still unknown. Peimine (PE), an alkaloid derived from the Fritillaria genus, has the ability to mitigate the metabolic dysfunctions induced by obesity and inhibit tumor growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory impact of PE on obese mice with postmenopausal lung cancer generated by a high fat diet. Our initial findings indicate that PE can significantly reduce the metabolic dysfunction caused by a high-fat diet in mice. This is demonstrated by better glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, reduced accumulation of lipids in the liver, and improved histological alterations in the mammary fat pad. Subsequently, the treatment of PE suppressed the formation of lung tumors caused by a high-fat diet in mice models placed in their original location. In addition, PE effectively inhibited the formation of pre-existing lung tumors in a mouse model of postmenopausal women who were fed a high-fat diet. This treatment also reduced the severity of metabolic problems. Notably, laboratory studies demonstrated that insulin exposure increased the growth and movement of lung cancer cells, but this effect was significantly reduced when the cells were co-cultured with PE. Meanwhile, PE intervention can significantly alleviate cancer stress-related cognitive impairment and disturbed circadian rhythm changes and associated gene expression abnormalities in model animals. Analysis using bioinformatics and molecular biology techniques revealed that PE has the ability to decrease the expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the liver, mammary fat pad, and tumor tissues of postmenopausal mice with obesity generated by a high-fat diet. The inhibitory effects of PE on the growth and movement of lung cancer cells induced by insulin were completely eliminated when STAT3 expression was removed. This suggests that the suppression of STAT3 expression is crucial for PE to exert its anti-cancer effects against lung cancer in the presence of high insulin levels. The findings of our study indicate that consuming PE is highly effective in preventing and treating lung cancer that is connected with obesity. This is achieved via regulating the signaling pathway of STAT3.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP2) is a multifunctional endocytic receptor expressed in epithelial cells. In mammals, it acts as an endocytic receptor that mediates the cellular uptake of cholesterol-containing apolipoproteins to maintain lipid homeostasis. However, little is known about the role of LRP2 in lipid homeostasis in insects. In the present study, we investigated the function of LRP2 in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria (LmLRP2). The mRNA of LmLRP2 is widely distributed in various tissues, including integument, wing pads, foregut, midgut, hindgut, Malpighian tubules and fat body, and the amounts of LmLRP2 transcripts decreased gradually in the early stages and then increased in the late stages before ecdysis during the nymphal developmental stage. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry revealed that the LmLRP2 protein is mainly located in cellular membranes of the midgut and hindgut. Using RNAi to silence LmLRP2 caused molting defects in nymphs (more than 60%), and the neutral lipid was found to accumulate in the midgut and surface of the integument, but not in the fat body, of dsLmLRP2-treated nymphs. The results of a lipidomics analysis showed that the main components of lipids (diglyceride and triglyceride) were significantly increased in the midgut, but decreased in the fat body and hemolymph. Furthermore, the content of total triglyceride was significantly increased in the midgut, but markedly decreased in the fat body and hemolymph in dsLmLRP2-injected nymphs. Our results indicate that LmLRP2 is located in the cellular membranes of midgut cells, and is required for lipid export from the midgut to the hemolymph and fat body in locusts.

Wings are an important flight organ of insects. Wing development is a complex process controlled by a series of genes. The flightless wing pad transforms into a mature wing with the function of migratory flight during the nymph-to-adult metamorphosis. However, the mechanism of wing morphogenesis in locusts is still unclear. This study analyzed the microstructures of the locust wing pads at pre-eclosion and the wings after eclosion and performed the comparative transcriptome analysis. RNA-seq identified 25,334 unigenes and 3,430 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1,907 up-regulated and 1,523 down-regulated). The DEGs mainly included cuticle development (LmACPs), chitin metabolism (LmIdgf4), lipid metabolism-related genes, cell adhesion (Integrin), zinc finger transcription factors (LmSalm, LmZF593 and LmZF521), and others. Functional analysis based on RNA interference and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed that the three genes encoded zinc finger transcription factors are essential for forming wing cuticle and maintaining morphology in Locusta migratoria. Finally, the study found that the LmSalm regulates the expression of LmACPs in the wing pads at pre-eclosion, and LmZF593 and LmZF521 regulate the expression of LmIntegrin/LmIdgf4/LmHMT420 in the wings after eclosion. This study revealed that the molecular regulatory axis controls wing morphology in nymphal and adult stages of locusts, offering a theoretical basis for the study of wing development mechanisms in hemimetabolous insects.

The most prevalent hip disease in neonates is developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). A timely and accurate diagnosis is required to provide the most effective treatment for pediatric patients with DDH. Heredity and gene variation have been the subject of increased attention and research worldwide as one of the factors contributing to the pathogenesis of DDH. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genome-wide linkage analyses (GWLA), and exome sequencing (ES) have identified variants in numerous genes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as being associated with susceptibility to DDH in sporadic and DDH family patients. Furthermore, the DDH phenotype can be observed in animal models that exhibit susceptibility genes or loci, including variants in CX3CR1, KANSL1, and GDF5. The dentification of noncoding RNAs and de novo gene variants in patients with DDH-related syndrome has enhanced our understanding of the genes implicated in DDH. This article reviews the most recent molecular mechanisms and genetic factors that contribute to DDH.

Metabolic disturbances associated with obesity increase the risk and advancement of various tumor forms, including postmenopausal lung cancer, in humans. Betaxanthin, a type of yellow-orange pigment found in certain plants, particularly in some flowers, fruits, and vegetables, can be utilized to inhibit the growth of tumors and lessen the metabolic dysfunctions brought on by obesity. However, the functional role of betaxanthin (BET) in suppressing lung cancer progression and its potential mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this study, we examined the regulation of BET in obese mice with postmenopausal lung cancer receiving a high-fat diet (HFD). Initially, we found that BET could significantly mitigate the metabolic dysfunction that a high-fat diet causes in mice. Improved histological changes in the mammary fat pad, lower hepatic lipid deposition, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance demonstrated this. Following that, BET treatment inhibited the formation of lung neoplasms in in-situ cancer animal models that were stimulated by HFD. Furthermore, in a postmenopausal mouse model fed HFD, BET significantly reduced the growth of pre-existing lung tumors, as well as attenuating metabolic abnormalities. Notably, in vitro research revealed that BET co-culture significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of mouse lung cancer cells, whereas insulin exposure increased these processes. Research on animals verified that lung cancer progressed due to hyperinsulinemia; however, BET treatment might inhibit this condition in postmenopausal mice on a high-fat diet. BET could up-regulate sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression levels in tumor, liver, and mammary fat pad tissues in postmenopausal mice with HFD-induced obesity, according to a bioinformatic and molecular biology study. Crucially, eradicating SIRT3 expression completely eliminated BET’s inhibitory effects on insulin-stimulated cancer cell proliferation and migration. This suggests that increasing SIRT3 expression may be required for BET to perform its anti-tumor function against lung cancer in conditions of hyperinsulinemia. Our findings showed that by modifying SIRT3 signaling, BET consumption is probably effective in the prevention and treatment of obesity-related lung cancer.

To clarify the formation and distribution of feldspar dissolution pores and predict the distribution of high-quality reservoir in gravity flow sandstone of the 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 Member) in the Ordos Basin, thin sections, scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum analysis, X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis, and dissolution experiments are employed in this study to investigate the characteristics and control factors of feldspar dissolution pores. The results show that: (1) Three types of diagenetic processes are observed in the feldspar of Chang 7 sandstone in the study area: secondary overgrowth of feldspar, replacement by clay and calcite, and dissolution of detrital feldspar. (2) The feldspar dissolution of Chang 7 tight sandstone is caused by organic acid, and is further affected by the type of feldspar, the degree of early feldspar alteration, and the buffering effect of mica debris on organic acid. (3) Feldspars have varying degrees of dissolution. Potassium feldspar is more susceptible to dissolution than plagioclase. Among potassium feldspar, orthoclase is more soluble than microcline, and unaltered feldspar is more soluble than early kaolinized or sericitized feldspar. (4) The dissolution experiment demonstrated that the presence of mica can hinder the dissolution of feldspar. Mica of the same mass has a significantly stronger capacity to consume organic acids than feldspar. (5) Dissolution pores in feldspar of Chang 7 Member are more abundant in areas with low mica content, and they improve the reservoir physical properties, while in areas with high mica content, the number of feldspar dissolution pores decreases significantly.

Abstract Non-orthogonal eigenstates are a fundamental feature of non-Hermitian systems and are accompanied by the emergence of nontrivial features. However, the platforms to explore non-Hermitian mode couplings mainly measure near-field effects, and the far-field behaviours remain mostly unexplored. Here, we study how a microcavity with non-Hermitian mode coupling exhibits eigenstate non-orthogonality by investigating the spatial field and the far-field polarization of cavity modes. The non-Hermiticity arises from asymmetric backscattering, which is controlled by integrating two scatterers of different size and location into a microdisk. We observe that the spatial field overlap of two modes increases abruptly to its maximum value, whilst different far-field elliptical polarizations of two modes coalesce when approaching an exceptional point. We demonstrate such features experimentally by measuring the far-field polarization from the fabricated microdisks. Our work reveals the non-orthogonality in the far-field degree of freedom, and the integrability of the microdisks paves a way to integrate more non-Hermitian optical properties into nanophotonic systems.

Abstract Among today’s nonvolatile memories, ferroelectric-based capacitors, tunnel junctions and field-effect transistors (FET) are already industrially integrated and/or intensively investigated to improve their performances. Concurrently, because of the tremendous development of artificial intelligence and big-data issues, there is an urgent need to realize high-density crossbar arrays, a prerequisite for the future of memories and emerging computing algorithms. Here, a two-terminal ferroelectric fin diode (FFD) in which a ferroelectric capacitor and a fin-like semiconductor channel are combined to share both top and bottom electrodes is designed. Such a device not only shows both digital and analog memory functionalities but is also robust and universal as it works using two very different ferroelectric materials. When compared to all current nonvolatile memories, it cumulatively demonstrates an endurance up to 1010 cycles, an ON/OFF ratio of ~102, a feature size of 30 nm, an operating energy of ~20 fJ and an operation speed of 100 ns. Beyond these superior performances, the simple two-terminal structure and their self-rectifying ratio of ~ 104 permit to consider them as new electronic building blocks for designing passive crossbar arrays which are crucial for the future in-memory computing.

Ultrafast lasers, characterized by femtosecond and picosecond pulse durations, have revolutionized material processing due to their high energy density and minimal thermal diffusion, and have played a transformative role in precision manufacturing. This review first traces the progression from early ruby lasers to modern titanium–sapphire lasers, highlighting breakthroughs like Kerr-lens mode-locking and chirped pulse amplification. It also examines the interaction mechanisms between ultrafast pulses and various materials, including metals, dielectrics, and semiconductors. Applications of ultrafast lasers in microstructure processing techniques are detailed, such as drilling, cutting, surface ablation, and nano welding, demonstrating the versatility and precision of the technology. Additionally, it covers femtosecond laser direct writing for optical waveguides and the significant advancements in imaging and precision measurement. This review concludes by discussing potential future advancements and industrial applications of ultrafast lasers.

Although considered a crucial component of the Rodinia supercontinent, it remains uncertain how the Yangtze craton relates to the accretion and breakup of Rodinia. Here, the Huanglingmiao granitic complex (HGC), an intermediate-acid rock series that intruded on the southern Kongling terrane of the northern Yangtze craton margin, is investigated to help resolve this conundrum. Our analysis indicates that these rocks consist of tonalite, trondhjemite, granodiorite, oligoporphyritic granodiorite, porphyric biotite granodiorite, and fine- to medium-grained granodiorite dyke compositions. Collectively, this assemblage is further subdivided into two categories by their temporal, spatial, and geochemical features into early TTG-like and later granitic–dioritic units, which are composed of tonalite, trondhjemite, granodiorite, porphyritic granodiorite, and the fine- to medium-grained granodiorite dykes, respectively. Zircon U-Pb dating yields ages of 865~850 Ma for the TTG-like rocks, 844~825 Ma for the porphyritic granodiorites, and ~800 Ma for the granodiorite dykes. Combined with geochemical evidence, the data suggest that the early- and late-series rocks were formed by a partial melting of Mesoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic crustal materials, respectively, suggesting that the vertical layering of the crust controlled the composition of the independent units. In addition, isotopic evidence points to different sources for the various rocks in the Kongling terrane and that mantle-derived materials influenced the early-series lithologies. Combined with previous studies on the northern margin of the Yangtze craton, it is inferred that the early-series rocks formed in an active continental margin environment, while the late-series rocks display within-plate boundary formation characteristics. The multiple magmatic activities revealed by this study record sequential partial melting with tectonic transition characteristics from an Andean-type to within-plate magmatism in the northern margin of the Yangtze craton. Taken together, these observations point to a strong association between these rocks, convergence, and incorporation of the northern Yangtze craton margin into the Rodinia supercontinent during the Tonian Period.

The transmission spectrum of a twin-waveguide cavity is systematically analyzed based on coupled mode theory, using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The results show that the traveling-wave transmission spectra of the twin-waveguide cavity is entirely determined by the coherent coupling effect involving the parameters of the effective refractive indices of the upper and lower waveguides, the coupling length Lc, and the ratio of the cavity length L to the coupling length (L/Lc). Filters with single, double, or triple-notch filtering could be obtained by choosing an appropriate L/Lc value. When the facet reflection is taken into consideration, the traveling-wave transmission spectrum is modified by the Fabry––Perot (FP) resonance, making it a standing-wave transmission spectrum. As a result, resonance splitting has been observed in the transmission spectrum of twin-waveguide resonators with high facet reflectivity. Further analysis shows that such an abnormal resonance phenomenon can be attributed to the destructive interference between the two FP resonance modes of the upper and lower waveguide through coherent coupling. In addition, narrow bandwidth amplification has also been observed through asymmetric facet reflections. Undoubtedly, all these unique spectral characteristics should be beneficial to the twin-waveguide cavity, achieving many more functions and being widely used in photonic integration circuits (PICs).

The size of the representative volume element (RVE) for the two-dimensional (2D) random aggregate numerical model of asphalt mortar in a non-destructive state, which directly affects the time required to simulate the linear viscoelastic behavior from asphalt mastic to asphalt mortar. However, in the existing literature, limited research has been conducted on the size determination of the numerical model RVE for asphalt mortar. To provide a recommended size for the typical 2D random aggregate numerical model RVE of asphalt mortar in a nondestructive state, this paper first applies the virtual specimen manufacturing method of asphalt concrete 2D random aggregate to asphalt mortar. Then, it generates numerical model RVEs of asphalt mortar with different maximum particle sizes, after which geometric and numerical analyses are conducted on these models. Finally, based on the geometric and numerical analysis results, the recommended minimum sizes of RVE for the 2D asphalt mortar numerical model are provided.

Abstract Necroptosis, a programmed cell death with necrotic-like morphology, has been recognized as an important driver in various inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of necroptosis has shown potential promise in the therapy of multiple human diseases. However, very few necroptosis inhibitors are available for clinical use as yet. Here, we identified an FDA-approved anti-cancer drug, Vemurafenib, as a potent inhibitor of necroptosis. Through direct binding, Vemurafenib blocked the kinase activity of receptor-interacting protein kinases 1 (RIPK1), impeded the downstream signaling and necrosome complex assembly, and inhibited necroptosis. Compared with Necrostain-1, Vemurafenib stabilized RIPK1 in an inactive DLG-out conformation by occupying a distinct allosteric hydrophobic pocket. Furthermore, pretreatment with Vemurafenib provided strong protection against necroptosis-associated diseases in vivo. Altogether, our results demonstrate that Vemurafenib is an effective RIPK1 antagonist and provide rationale and preclinical evidence for the potential application of approved drug in necroptosis-related diseases.

Abstract In recent years, panoptic segmentation has drawn increasing amounts of attention, leading to the rapid emergence of numerous related algorithms. A variety of deep neural networks have been used more frequently for panoptic segmentation, which is motivated by the significant success of deep learning methods in other tasks. This article presents a comprehensive exploration of panoptic segmentation, focusing on the analysis and understanding of RGB image data. Initially, the authors introduce the background of panoptic segmentation, including deep learning models and image segmentation. Then, the authors thoroughly cover a variety of panoptic segmentation‐related topics, such as datasets connected to the field, evaluation metrics, panoptic segmentation models, and derived subfields based on panoptic segmentation. Finally, the authors examine the difficulties and possibilities in this area and identify its future paths.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is still a challenge and the efficient treatment approaches are still lacking, due to the high oxidative stress and inflammation and matrix degradation. The utilization of bioactive hydrogels as carriers for therapeutic factors offers a powerful means to enhance IVDD treatment. However, the therapeutic efficacy of existing hydrogels heavily relies on the loaded therapeutic drugs, resulting in reduced treatment efficiency. Herein, we report a dual-component polymer network hydrogel (FPFG) based on gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and poly (ferulic acid)-F127- poly (ferulic acid) (FPF). The FPFG hydrogel exhibited injectability, antioxidative properties, good biocompatibility, and biodegradability. FPFG hydrogel could efficiently suppress the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and metallomatrix proteinase in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in macrophages and enhance the extracellular matrix formation. The rat puncture model revealed that the FPFG hydrogel effectively restored disc height, maintained disc hydration, and preserved tissue structure. By exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, the FPFG hydrogel successfully ameliorated the hostile microenvironment commonly found in degenerated disc tissue. These findings highlight the potential application of FPFG hydrogel in enhancing IVDD treatment.

Abstract A20‐binding inhibitor of NF‐κB activation (ABIN1) is a polyubiquitin‐binding protein that regulates cell death and immune responses. Although Abin1 is located on chromosome 5q in the region commonly deleted in patients with 5q minus syndrome, the most distinct of the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), the precise role of ABIN1 in MDSs remains unknown. In this study, mice with a mutation disrupting the polyubiquitin‐binding site (Abin1Q478H/Q478H) is generated. These mice develop MDS‐like diseases characterized by anemia, thrombocytopenia, and megakaryocyte dysplasia. Extramedullary hematopoiesis and bone marrow failure are also observed in Abin1Q478H/Q478H mice. Although Abin1Q478H/Q478H cells are sensitive to RIPK1 kinase–RIPK3–MLKL‐dependent necroptosis, only anemia and splenomegaly are alleviated by RIPK3 deficiency but not by MLKL deficiency or the RIPK1 kinase‐dead mutation. This indicates that the necroptosis‐independent function of RIPK3 is critical for anemia development in Abin1Q478H/Q478H mice. Notably, Abin1Q478H/Q478H mice exhibit higher levels of type I interferon (IFN‐I) expression in bone marrow cells compared towild‐type mice. Consistently, blocking type I IFN signaling through the co‐deletion of Ifnar1 greatly ameliorated anemia, thrombocytopenia, and splenomegaly in Abin1Q478H/Q478H mice. Together, these results demonstrates that ABIN1(Q478) prevents the development of hematopoietic deficiencies by regulating type I IFN expression.

Abstract Background Phenotypic plasticity is defined as the phenotypic variation of a trait when an organism is exposed to different environments, and it is closely related to genotype. Exploring the genetic basis behind the phenotypic plasticity of ear traits in maize is critical to achieve climate-stable yields, particularly given the unpredictable effects of climate change. Performing genetic field studies in maize requires development of a fast, reliable, and automated system for phenotyping large numbers of samples. Results Here, we develop MAIZTRO as an automated maize ear phenotyping platform for high-throughput measurements in the field. Using this platform, we analyze 15 common ear phenotypes and their phenotypic plasticity variation in 3819 transgenic maize inbred lines targeting 717 genes, along with the wild type lines of the same genetic background, in multiple field environments in two consecutive years. Kernel number is chosen as the primary target phenotype because it is a key trait for improving the grain yield and ensuring yield stability. We analyze the phenotypic plasticity of the transgenic lines in different environments and identify 34 candidate genes that may regulate the phenotypic plasticity of kernel number. Conclusions Our results suggest that as an integrated and efficient phenotyping platform for measuring maize ear traits, MAIZTRO can help to explore new traits that are important for improving and stabilizing the yield. This study indicates that genes and alleles related with ear trait plasticity can be identified using transgenic maize inbred populations.

The cavity form of complex microcavity lasers predominantly relies on disordered structures, whether found in nature or artificially prepared. These structures, characterized by disorder, facilitate random lasing through the feedback effect of the cavity boundary and the internal scattering medium via various mechanisms. In this paper, we report on a random fiber laser employing a disordered scattering cladding medium affixed to the inner cladding of a hollow-core fiber. The internal flowing liquid gain establishes a stable liquid-core waveguide environment, enabling long-term directional coupling output for random laser emission. Through theoretical analysis and experimental validation, we demonstrate that controlling the disorder at the cavity boundary allows liquid-core fiber random microcavities to exhibit random lasing output with different mechanisms. This provides a broad platform for in-depth research into the generation and control of complex microcavity lasers, as well as the detection of scattered matter within micro- and nanostructures.

Fushi-tarazu factor 1 (FTZ-F1) is a class of transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily and an important molting regulator in insects; however, its detailed function in the molting process of Locusta migratoria is still unclear. This study identified two FTZ-F1 transcripts (LmFTZ-F1-X1 and LmFTZ-F1-X2) in L. migratoria. The classical domains of FTZ-F1 were present in their protein sequences and distinguished based on their variable N-terminal domains. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that LmFTZ-F1-X1 and LmFTZ-F1-X2 were highly expressed in the integument. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to explore the function of LmFTZ-F1s in the molting of the third-instar nymph. Separate LmFTZ-F1-X1 or LmFTZ-F1-X2 silencing did not affect the normal development of third-instar nymphs; however, the simultaneous RNAi of LmFTZ-F1-X1 and LmFTZ-F1-X2 caused the nymphs to be trapped in the third instar stage and finally die. Furthermore, the hematoxylin-eosin and chitin staining of the cuticle showed that the new cuticles were thickened after silencing the LmFTZ-F1s compared to the controls. RNA-seq analysis showed that genes encoding four cuticle proteins, two chitin synthesis enzymes, and cytochrome P450 303a1 were differentially expressed between dsGFP- and dsLmFTZ-F1s-injected groups. Taken together, LmFTZ-F1-X1 and LmFTZ-F1-X2 are involved in the ecdysis of locusts, possibly by regulating the expression of genes involved in cuticle formation, chitin synthesis, and other key molting processes.

Millions of people worldwide suffer from intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), which imposes a significant socioeconomic burden on society. There is an urgent clinical demand for more effective treatments for IVDD because conventional treatments can only alleviate the symptoms rather than preventing the progression of IVDD. Hydrogels, a class of elastic biomaterials with good biocompatibility, are promising candidates for intervertebral disc repair and regeneration. In recent years, various hydrogels have been investigated in vitro and in vivo for the repair of intervertebral discs, some of which are ready for clinical testing. This review summarizes the latest findings and developments in using bioactive factors-released bioactive injectable hydrogels for the repair and regeneration of intervertebral discs. It focuses on the analysis and summary of the use of multifunctional injectable hydrogels to delivery bioactive factors (cells, exosomes, growth factors, genes, drugs) for disc regeneration, providing guidance for future study. Finally, we discussed and analyzed the optimal timing for the application of controlled-release hydrogels in the treatment of IVDD to meet the high standards required for intervertebral disc regeneration and precision medicine.

Abstract Anastomotic leak is still a severe complication in esophageal surgery due to high mortality. This article reviews the updates on the treatment of anastomotic leak after esophagectomy in order to provide reference for clinical treatment and research. The relevant studies published in the Chinese Zhiwang, Wanfang, and MEDLINE databases to December 21, 2021 were retrieved, and esophageal carcinoma, esophagectomy, anastomotic leakage, and fistula selected as the keywords. A total of 78 studies were finally included. The treatments include traditional surgical drainage, new reverse drainage trans‐fistula, stent plugging, endoscopic clamping, biological protein glue injection plugging, endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT), and reoperation, etc. Early diagnosis, accurate classification and optimal treatment can promote the rapid healing of anastomotic leaks. EVT may be the most valuable approach, simultaneously with good commercial prospects. Reoperation should be considered in patients with complex fistula in which conservative treatment is insufficient or has failed.

Coconut milk and concentrated coconut water were used as raw materials to develop functional coconut plant-based yogurt, and the yogurt without concentrated coconut water was selected as the control. The content of total phenols and flavonoids, free radical scavenging ability, reducing ability, anti-lipid peroxidation ability, copper ion chelating ability and α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory ability were used as evaluation indicators to study the dynamic changes of functional components and activities of yogurt during storage from 0 to 28 days. The results showed that the content of polyphenols and flavonoids in functional coconut plant-based yogurt showed a decreasing trend with the prolongation of storage time. On the 28th day of storage, the ABTS free radical scavenging rate and anti-lipid peroxidation ability of functional coconut plant yogurt were 77.84%±1.91% and 41.93%±2.09%, respectively, with no significant difference compared with the 0th day (P>0.05), α-glucosidase inhibition rate was 58.81%±6.63%, an increase of 28.66% compared with 0 d, while DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging rate, total reducing power, iron and copper ion reducing power, copper The ion chelating ability and the inhibition rate of α-amylase were decreased compared with 0 d. During the whole storage period, the polyphenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of functional coconut plant-based yogurt were much higher than those of the control yogurt.

Taisui, an unclassified biological object, is considered as a functional food with rich medicinal value in ancient Chinese books. However, there are few studies on Taisui, particularly on its anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms. Herein, we evaluated the anticancer potential of Taisui fermentation broth using HCT116 cells and nude mice xenografts in vitro and in vivo. Taisui fermentation broth inhibited HCT116 cells proliferation by inducing S-phase arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy, by regulating related proteins. Taisui fermentation broth-induced HCT116 cells death was reversed by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy. Autophagy inhibition suppressed Taisui fermentation broth-induced apoptosis, whereas apoptosis inhibition attenuated Taisui fermentation broth-induced autophagy. Taisui fermentation broth induced apoptosis and autophagy by regulating reactive oxygen species-mediated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase/p38 signaling in HCT116 cells. Additionally, Taisui fermentation broth inhibited tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Taisui fermentation broth may be a promising anticancer agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Enhancing multi-gas detectability using photoacoustic spectroscopy capable of simultaneous detection, highly selectivity and less cross-interference is essential for dissolved gas sensing application. A T-type photoacoustic cell was designed and verified to be an appropriate sensor, due to the resonant frequencies of which are determined jointly by absorption and resonant cylinders. The three designated resonance modes were investigated from both simulation and experiments to present the comparable amplitude responses by introducing excitation beam position optimization. The capability of multi-gas detection was demonstrated by measuring CO, CH4 and C2H2 simultaneously using QCL, ICL and DFB lasers as excitation sources respectively. The influence of potential cross-sensitivity towards humidity have been examined in terms of multi-gas detection. The experimentally determined minimum detection limits of CO, CH4 and C2H2 were 89ppb, 80ppb and 664ppb respectively, corresponding to the normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficients of 5.75 × 10−7 cm−1 W Hz−1/2, 1.97 × 10−8 cm−1 W Hz−1/2 and 4.23 × 10−8 cm−1 W Hz−1/2.

In order to develop a green and efficient hemp degumming process, an ammonium oxalate-enzyme combined process was proposed and the pectin was extracted from the degumming solution. Pectin can be used as a stabilizer, gel, emulsifier, and thickener in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The results showed that the residual gum rate of hemp fibers treated by the ammonium oxalate-enzyme process was 2.34%, which was lower than that of the hemp fibers treated by alkali degumming process (12.875%) and alkali-enzyme degumming process (8.433%). The antibacterial property of hemp fibers treated by the ammonium oxalate-enzyme process was better than those of hemp fibers treated by alkali and alkali-enzyme combined process. After degumming with ammonium oxalate-enzyme, the lignin content of hemp fibers decreased from 8.1% (raw hemp) to 0.94%, and hemp fibers had good breaking strength. The optimum extraction process of pectin from the degumming solution of hemp was pH 4.5, concentration ratio 15%, and ethanol concentration 95%. The extraction rate of pectin could reach 10.46%.

Understanding structure-property relationships is important when designing functional materials. Here, authors propose a descriptor to help understand and predict the electronic properties of two-dimensional lead iodide perovskites for photovoltaic applications.

Massive data of bending strain along pipelines can be detected by the Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU), but there is no effective method available for the quantitative evaluation of pipelines with the IMU data so far. To address this issue, an identification method was proposed for thaw settlement segments of pipelines in permafrost zones based on IMU strain data. The method mainly includes the pre-processing method of IMU strain data, i.e., the data alignment method, the identification method of large strain characteristics of the non-thaw settlement pipeline segments, such as bends, dents and tees, and the quick positioning method of geological disaster pipeline segments determined by presetting the identification threshold and the abnormal pipeline segments to be inspected. Thus, the IMU detection data of the First Mohe-Daqing Pipeline in the permafrost region during 2013 to 2018 were identified and analyzed, and the identification results were in good agreement with the geometric inspection data. On that basis, a statistical analysis was made to study the distribution of abnormal pipeline segments in various areas of this permafrost region. The results indicate that the seasonal frozen region has more geological change points than the permafrost region, but the change is small. Generally, quantitative data are provided through this research for the integrity assessment of pipelines in geological disaster areas, which could be used to solve the technical bottleneck of failure to determine the external load of pipelines at present. Hence, it is a significant new direction for the development of pipeline integrity assessment technology.

Recently, personality trait recognition, which aims to identify people’s first impression behavior data and analyze people’s psychological characteristics, has been an interesting and active topic in psychology, affective neuroscience and artificial intelligence. To effectively take advantage of spatio-temporal cues in audio-visual modalities, this paper proposes a new method of multimodal personality trait recognition integrating audio-visual modalities based on a hybrid deep learning framework, which is comprised of convolutional neural networks (CNN), bi-directional long short-term memory network (Bi-LSTM), and the Transformer network. In particular, a pre-trained deep audio CNN model is used to learn high-level segment-level audio features. A pre-trained deep face CNN model is leveraged to separately learn high-level frame-level global scene features and local face features from each frame in dynamic video sequences. Then, these extracted deep audio-visual features are fed into a Bi-LSTM and a Transformer network to individually capture long-term temporal dependency, thereby producing the final global audio and visual features for downstream tasks. Finally, a linear regression method is employed to conduct the single audio-based and visual-based personality trait recognition tasks, followed by a decision-level fusion strategy used for producing the final Big-Five personality scores and interview scores. Experimental results on the public ChaLearn First Impression-V2 personality dataset show the effectiveness of our method, outperforming other used methods.

As the population ages, spinal degeneration seriously affects quality of life in middle-aged and elderly patients, and prevention and treatment remain challenging for clinical surgeons. In recent years, biomaterials-based injectable therapeutics have attracted much attention for spinal degeneration treatment due to their minimally invasive features and ability to perform precise repair of irregular defects. However, the precise design and functional control of bioactive injectable biomaterials for efficient spinal degeneration treatment remains a challenge. Although many injectable biomaterials have been reported for the treatment of spinal degeneration, there are few reviews on the advances and effects of injectable biomaterials for spinal degeneration treatment. This work reviews the current status of the design and fabrication of injectable biomaterials, including hydrogels, bone cements and scaffolds, microspheres and nanomaterials, and the current progress in applications for treating spinal degeneration. Additionally, registered clinical trials were also summarized and key challenges and clinical translational prospects for injectable materials for the treatment of spinal degenerative diseases are discussed.

AbstractShear displacement will lead to the change of rock fracture space and then affect seepage characteristics of the fracture, but for the same rock fracture, whether the spatial geometry and seepage characteristics of the fracture can be consistent under the forward and reverse shear displacements is a new question. In this paper, the 2D rough fracture profile was used to establish models of different shear displacements in the forward and reverse directions without contact zone, and the geometric distribution characteristics of the fracture space with shear displacements were analyzed. The FVM (finite volume method) was adopted to calculate and simulate the hydraulic characteristics of the relative seepage direction (forward and reverse flow) under different pressure gradients at various shear displacement models. The results showed that under the same shear displacement, the spatial geometry characteristics of forward and reverse shear displacements are consistent after the initial angle of the fracture profile is eliminated. The slope of equivalent hydraulic aperture decreases with the shear displacement, and the amplitude of the non-Darcy coefficient difference increases with the shear displacement, which are inconsistent in the forward and reverse directions, which are negatively correlated with the directional roughness of the initial fracture profile. It shows that the directional roughness inconsistency between the forward and reverse directions of fracture profile is the primary factor leading to the difference of seepage characteristic parameters under the forward and reverse shear displacements.

BackgroundPosttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) can be a crippling sequela of acetabular fracture (AF), and total hip arthroplasty (THA) is often necessary to alleviate the clinical progression of symptoms. The purpose of this study was to summarize the existing clinical evidence concerning the surgical management of AF with THA through meta-analyses.MethodsDatabases were searched for articles published between 1995 and January 2022 that contained the keywords “acetabular,” “fracture,” “arthroplasty,” and “osteoarthritis.” Our study was registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42022314997.ResultsWe screened 3,125 studies and included data from 31 studies with 1,284 patients. The median patient age at the time of THA was 52 years and ranged from 19 to 94 years. The pooled overall survival rate was 88% [86%–90%, 95% confidence interval (CI)] and could reach 83% at ≥15-year follow-up. For the Harris Hip Score, we pooled 22 studies with an overall mean difference of 43.25 (40.40–46.10, 95% CI; P

The infrared camouflage textile materials with soft and wear-resistant properties can effectively reduce the possibility of soldiers and military equipment being exposed to infrared detectors. In this paper, the infrared camouflage textile composites with intelligent temperature adjustment ability were prepared by different methods, using phase change microcapsule as the main raw material and high polymer polyurethane as the matrix, combining the two factors of temperature control and emissivity reduction. It was tested by differential scanning calorimeter, temperature change tester, infrared emissivity tester, and infrared imager. The results show that the temperature regulation effect of textile materials finished by coating method is better than dip rolling method, the temperature regulation ability and presentation effect are the best when the microcapsule content is 27%. When the bottom layer of infrared camouflage textile composite is 27% phase change microcapsule and the surface layer is 20% copper powder, its infrared emissivity in the band of 2–22 μm is 0.656, and the rate of heating and cooling is obviously slowed down. It has excellent heat storage and temperature regulation function, which can reduce the skin surface temperature by more than 6 °C and effectively reduce the infrared radiation. This study can provide reference for laboratory preparation and industrial production of infrared camouflage composite material. The infrared camouflage textile composite prepared are expected to be used in the field of military textiles.

Based on field outcrop data, the effects of cyclic change of astronomical orbit and volcanic activity on organic carbon accumulation during the Late Ordovician – Early Silurian in the Upper Yangtze area were studied using cyclostratigraphic and geochemical methods. δ13C and chemical index of alteration (CIA) were used to filter the astronomical orbit parameters recorded in sediments. It is found that the climate change driven by orbital cycle controls the fluctuations of sea level at different scales, obliquity forcing climate changes drive thermohaline circulation (THC) of the ocean, and THC-induced bottom currents transport nutrient-laden water from high latitude regions to the surface water of low-latitude area. Hence, THC is the main dynamic mechanism of organic-carbon supply. The marine productivity indexes of Ba/Al and Ni/Al indicate that volcanic activities had limited effect on marine productivity but had great influences on organic carbon preservation efficiency in late Hirnantian (E4). Paleo-ocean redox environmental indicators Th/U, V/Cr and V/(V+Ni) show that there is a significant correlation between volcanism and oxygen content in Paleo-ocean, so it is inferred that volcanisms controlled the organic carbon preservation efficiency by regulating oxygen content in Paleo-ocean, and the difference in volcanism intensity in different areas is an important factor for the differential preservation efficiency of organic carbon. The organic carbon input driven by orbital cycle and the preservation efficiency affected by volcanisms worked together to control the enrichment of organic carbon in the Middle–Upper Yangtze region.

Potassium (K+) deficiency inhibits the transport of photosynthetic products and causes severe crop yield losses. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we used two tomato lines 081018 (K+-deficiency-sensitive) and 081034 (K+-deficiency-tolerant), showing tolerance to K+ deficiency to investigate the relationship between the H2O2 and sucrose in the tomato under K+-deficiency. The H2O2 accumulation was increased by the low K+ condition (0.5 mM) after 8 h in 081018. The enzymes related to the metabolism of H2O2 were decreased, and more malondialdehyde (MDA) was produced. After 24 h, the sucrose content had accumulated significantly in the leaves, however, it was deficient in the roots, and the expression level of the sucrose transporters (SUT1) was inhibited. In 081034, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was increased under K+-deficiency, and then the H2O2 subsequently returned to the control treatment (4 mM) levels and did not produce more MDA. The sucrose content was not significantly different from the control treatment after 24 h. The expression of SUT1 was not suppressed. These results suggested that the H2O2 dynamics played different roles in the two different strains. The transportation of sucrose was suppressed by the H2O2 from the leaf (source) to the root (sink) in 081018, and unrestricted by the advantageous reactive oxygen species dynamics capacity in 081034.

Traditional video recommendation provides the viewers with customized media content according to their historical records (e.g., ratings, reviews). However, such systems tend to generate terrible results if the data is insufficient, which leads to a cold-start problem. An affective video recommender system (AVRS) is a multidiscipline and multimodal human-robot interaction (HRI) system, and it incorporates physical, physiological, neuroscience, and computer science subjects and multimedia resources, including text, audio, and video. As a promising research domain, AVRS employs advanced affective analysis technologies in video resources; therefore, it can solve the cold-start problem. In AVRS, the viewers’ emotional responses can be obtained from various techniques, including physical signals (e.g., facial expression, gestures, and speech) and internal signals (e.g., physiological signals). The changes in these signals can be detected when the viewers face specific situations. The physiological signals are a response to central and autonomic nervous systems and are mostly involuntarily activated, which cannot be easily controlled. Therefore, it is suitable for reliable emotion analysis. The physical signals can be recorded by a webcam or recorder. In contrast, the physiological signals can be collected by various equipment, e.g., psychophysiological heart rate (HR) signals calculated by echocardiogram (ECG), electro-dermal activity (EDA), and brain activity (GA) from electroencephalography (EEG) signals, skin conductance response (SCR) by a galvanic skin response (GSR), and photoplethysmography (PPG) estimating users’ pulse. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the AVRS domain. To analyze the recent efforts in the field of affective video recommendation, we collected 92 relevant published articles from Google Scholar and summarized the articles and their key findings. In this survey, we feature these articles concerning AVRS from different perspectives, including various traditional recommendation algorithms and advanced deep learning-based algorithms, the commonly used affective video recommendation databases, audience response categories, and evaluation methods. Finally, we conclude the challenge of AVRS and provide the potential future research directions.

Air quality PM2.5 prediction is an effective approach for providing early warning of air pollution. This paper proposes a new deep learning model called temporal difference-based graph transformer networks (TDGTN) to learn long-term temporal dependencies and complex relationships from time series PM2.5 data for air quality PM2.5 prediction. The proposed TDGTN comprises of encoder and decoder layers associated with the developed graph attention mechanism. In particular, considering the similarity of different time moments and the importance of temporal difference between two adjacent moments for air quality PM2.5prediction, we first construct graph-structured data from original time series PM2.5 data at different moments without explicit graph structure. Then we improve the self-attention mechanism with the temporal difference information, and develop a new graph attention mechanism. Finally, the developed graph attention mechanism is embedded into the encoder and decoder layers of the proposed TDGTN to learn long-term temporal dependencies and complex relationships from a graph prospective on air quality PM2.5 prediction tasks. Experiment results on two collected real-world datasets in China, such as Beijing and Taizhou PM2.5 datasets, show that the proposed method outperforms other used methods on both short-term and long-term air quality PM2.5 prediction tasks.

Abstract Background Mounting evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in the occurrence and development of various diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effects and molecular mechanism of circ_0128846 in OA have not been reported. Methods The expression levels of circ_0128846, microRNA-127-5p (miR-127-5p), and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot assay. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and western blot assay. Inflammatory response and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were evaluated by western blot assay. The relationship between miR-127-5p and circ_0128846 or NAMPT was predicted by bioinformatics tools and verified by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Results Circ_0128846 and NAMPT were upregulated and miR-127-5p was downregulated in OA cartilage tissues. Knockdown of circ_0128846 increased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis, inflammation and ECM degradation in OA chondrocytes, while these effects were reversed by downregulating miR-127-5p. Moreover, circ_0128846 positively regulated NAMPT expression by sponging miR-127-5p. Furthermore, miR-127-5p promoted cell viability and suppressed apoptosis, inflammation, and ECM degradation in OA chondrocytes by directly targeting NAMPT. Conclusion Circ_0128846 knockdown might inhibit the progression of OA by upregulating miR-127-5p and downregulating NAMPT, offering a new insight into the potential application of circ_0128846 in OA treatment.

This study investigated the flexural behavior of prefabricated RC bridge decks with different joint materials, normal strength concrete or UHPC (normal strength concrete for RC deck, while UHPC means ultra-high performance concrete). A total of three specimens were tested and subjected to four-point bending loads. The load–deflection curve, strain curve, load–crack width curve, and failure mode were analyzed. Numerical models with cohesive models were built and verified with test results to explore the force-transferring mechanism. The results show that UHPC effectively improved the crack strength, flexural strength, and failure mode. Compared with the joint with normal-strength concrete, the crack strength and flexural strength increased by 66.7% and 6%, respectively. The failure mode of the specimen with UHPC as joint material changed from a concentrated cracking failure of the joint to a multi-crack development failure. The behavior of the specimen with UHPC as joint material was similar to the monolithically cast specimen. In addition, the application of the current design method was evaluated and compared with test results.

The phenomenon of oil stealing from long-distance oil and gas pipelines in China is increasing. Once the pipelinefails, it will bring huge safety risks to the operation of the enterprise and the personal property of the people. As the mosteffective detection method for hot-tap of pipeline, traditional magnetic flux leakage in-line inspection has disadvantages suchas high cost and long detection period. Therefore, a low-cost and rapid inspection tool for hot-tap based on the principle ofpermanent magnet disturbance has been developed. This article introduces the basic principles and characteristics of pipelinehot-tap inspection technology, focusing on the mechanical structure and electronic system of the in-line inspection tool.Site application shows that the pipeline hot-tap in-line inspection tool could effectively inspect typical metal loss, pipelinehot-tap with diameter over 5 mm, internal pipeline deformation and other defects. The inspection tool has active effect onguaranteeing the safe operation of pipelines and is worth popularizing.

Automatic personality trait recognition has attracted increasing interest in psychology, neuropsychology, and computer science, etc. Motivated by the great success of deep learning methods in various tasks, a variety of deep neural networks have increasingly been employed to learn high-level feature representations for automatic personality trait recognition. This paper systematically presents a comprehensive survey on existing personality trait recognition methods from a computational perspective. Initially, we provide available personality trait data sets in the literature. Then, we review the principles and recent advances of typical deep learning techniques, including deep belief networks (DBNs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Next, we describe the details of state-of-the-art personality trait recognition methods with specific focus on hand-crafted and deep learning-based feature extraction. These methods are analyzed and summarized in both single modality and multiple modalities, such as audio, visual, text, and physiological signals. Finally, we analyze the challenges and opportunities in this field and point out its future directions.

Introduction: Due to the use of different detection reagents and methods, coagulation analyzers can produce different results. Therefore, detection instruments, reagents and methods are important factors affecting the results of coagulation test. Therefore, this paper aims to establish reference intervals applicable to our laboratory for the Roche Cobas t 711 for routine coagulation assays.Methods:We completed a preliminary evaluation of the analytical performance of the cobas t 711 before any experiment. Healthy volunteer recruitment and ostensibly healthy patients via physical examination were performed to collect individual reference samples. Data were grouped and compared according to age, and the Z test was used to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between the mean values after grouping. Results: The self-established PT, APTT and TT reference intervals were 8.4–10.2s, 26.8–42.3s and 14.5–17.1s, respectively. The reference ranges of FIB, AT and DD for people aged 50 years or below were 1.85–3.78 (g/l), 83.9–113.2 (%) and 0–0.45 (mg/l), respectively, and those for people older than 50 years were 2.22–3.86 (g/l), 76.0–112.0 (%) and 0–0.52 (mg/l), respectively. Conclusion: The self-built reference intervals for the Roche t 711 were basically consistent with those in the instructions, except the APTT ranges were slightly wider. Laboratories should establish applicable reference intervals according to their own conditions to provide guidance for the diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of clinically related diseases.

Abstract Background Potassium (K+) is an essential ion for most plants, as it is involved in the regulation of growth and development. K+ homeostasis in plant cells has evolved to facilitate plant adaptation to K+-deficiency stress. Argonaute1 (AGO1) is regulated by miR168 to modulate the small RNA regulatory pathway by RNA silencing complex (RISC) in tomatoes. However, the role of miR168-mediated regulation of AGO1 in the context of K+ deficiency stress in tomatoes has not been elucidated yet. Results SlmiR168 and its target gene SlAGO1A were differentially expressed among low-K+-tolerant JZ34 and low-K+-sensitive JZ18 tomato plants. Transgenic tomato plants constitutively expressing pri-SlmiR168a showed stronger root system growth, better leaves development, and higher K+ contents in roots under K+-deficiency stress than those of the transgenic tomato lines expressing rSlAGO1A (SlmiR168-resistant) and the wild type (WT). Deep sequencing analysis showed that 62 known microRNAs (miRNAs) were up-regulated in 35S:rSlAGO1 compared with WT tomatoes. The same miRNAs were down-regulated in 35S:SlmiR168a compared with WT plants. The integrated analysis found 12 miRNA/mRNA pairs from the 62 miRNAs, including the root growth and cytokinin (CTK)/abscisic acid (ABA) pathways. Conclusions The regulation mediated by SlmiR168 of SlAGO1A contributes to the plant development under low-K+ stress. Moreover, this regulation mechanism may influence downstream miRNA pathways in response to low-K+ stress through the CTK/ABA and root growth modulation pathways.

Local displacement and bending deformation of pipeline may occur under the action of external load. When superimposed with defects such as pipeline body corrosion, manufacturing or weld defects, the pipeline body will probably fail at the stress concentration point, seriously threatening the safety of personnel and causing environmental pollution and economic losses. In-line inspection technology based on inertial surveying and mapping is an effective method to accurately identify the bending deformation of pipelines and detect bending strain, which reflects the bending state of pipelines under external load in the form of bending strain during detection of the whole pipeline. The pipeline section of China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline within China starts from Heihe in the north and terminates at Shanghai in the south, passing through the geologically-unstable areas like marshes, freezing and thawing in alpine regions, where the movement of soil caused by natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes may also exert external load on the pipeline body. The pipeline body is likely to bend under the action of external force, and high-risk points are prone to be generated due to local stress concentration. By analyzing the bending strain data of the pipeline in combination with the pipeline defects found by geometric/leakage flux in-line inspection, the high-risk points that pose potential threats to the safe operation of the pipeline can be identified and located more accurately, and the monitoring and repair plans can be developed accordingly, so as to provide effective means for the safe operation of China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline.

To solve the problems of insufficient power, high speed impact, high energy consumption, etc. of the detectors applied to large-diameter pipelines before the conventional cup-type pipelines are put into production, the self-driven inner detector suitable for large-diameter pipelines was developed. As the detector is capable of travelling autonomously inside the pipeline, detecting the geometric deformation of the pipeline and shooting the internal video of the pipeline, it can be used for pipeline inspection before commissioning or during the shutdown maintenance period. The overall structure and body design of the detector were introduced, the influence of travelling attitude on driving force was analyzed, the design and function of the detection unit were systematically expounded, and the motion characteristics and detection performance of the detector were verified through field application tests. After being applied to the pipelines under construction in China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline Project, the application results show that the endurance mileage of the detector reaches more than 50 km, and the synchronous visual inspection on geometric deformations of the pipeline, internal surface defects of the pipe wall, foreign matters such as water film inside the pipeline is realized, thus demonstrating its excellent usability and advancement in practice.

Spontaneous speech emotion recognition is a new and challenging research topic. In this paper, we propose a new method of spontaneous speech emotion recognition on the basis of binaural representations and deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The proposed method initially employs multiple CNNs to learn deep segment-level binaural representations such as Left-Right and Mid-Side pairs from the extracted image-like Mel-spectrograms. These CNNs are fine-tuned on target emotional speech datasets from a pre-trained image CNN model. Then, a new feature pooling strategy, called block-based temporal feature pooling, is proposed to aggregate the learned segment-level features for producing fixed-length utterance-level features. Based on the utterance-level features, linear support vector machines (SVM) is adopted for emotion classification. Finally, a two-stage score-level fusion strategy is used to integrate the obtained results from Left-Right and Mid-Side pairs. Extensive experiments on two challenging spontaneous emotional speech datasets, including the AFEW5.0 and BAUM-1s databases, demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.

In the domain of speech emotion recognition (SER), generally there is an unbalanced data distribution of emotional samples in existing emotional datasets. Moreover, different fragment areas in an utterance contribute diversely to SER. To address these two issues, this paper proposes a new SER method by combining a unified first-order attention network with data balance. The proposed method firstly utilizes the strategy of data balance to augment and balance the training data. Then, a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) model (i.e., VGGish) is fine-tuned on target emotional datasets to learn segment-level speech features from the extracted Log Mel-spectrograms. Next, the unified first-order attention mechanism, including different feature-pooling strategies such as sum, min, max, mean, and standard deviation (std), is embedded into the output of a bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network. This is used for learning high-level discriminative segment-level features, and simultaneously aggregating the learned segment-level features into fixed-length utterance-level features for SER. Finally, based on utterance-level features, the softmax layer in a Bi-LSTM network is adopted to conduct final emotion classification task. Extensive experiments are implemented on three public datasets such as BAUM-1s, AFEW5.0, and CHEAVD2.0, demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method.