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Tao Yang,1,2,* Pengcui Wu,2,* Luping Jiang,2 Ran Chen,2 Qiao Jin,2 Guohong Ye2 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guohong Ye; Qiao Jin, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004, People’s Republic of China, Email ygh120811@163.com; jinqiaonhdx@163.comObjective: Ferroptosis is intricately associated with the pathophysiology processes of myocardial ischemia. Cardamonin (CAR) has been shown to provide significant protection against tissue damage due to multiple ischemia/reperfusion. This study aimed to examine the cardioprotective properties of CAR in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) and provide insights into the possible mechanisms involved.Methods: An MIRI mice model was conducted by coronary artery ligation, and the effects of CAR on myocardial tissue damage were evaluated by infarct size assessment, echocardiography, and H&E staining. The extent of ferroptosis was detected by examining the levels of ferroptosis-related proteins and lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). The function pathway of CAR was analyzed by network pharmacology and verified using Western blotting. In addition, we induced hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in cardiomyocytes to detect SLC7A11 expression, ROS level, mitochondrial iron content, and oxidative stress marker levels. The target protein of CAR was identified by Western blotting and molecular docking. We then evaluated the regulatory role of STAT3 on MIRI-induced ferroptosis by silencing STAT3.Results: In our study, CAR demonstrated a reduction in myocardial histopathological damage and mitigation of ferroptosis in MIRI mice. Through network pharmacology analysis and Western blotting, our findings indicated that CAR modulates the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, particularly impacting STAT3. Meanwhile, in vitro experiments revealed that advanced-glycation end products (AGEs) exacerbated H/R-induced ferroptosis, whereas CAR alleviated this ferroptosis in the presence of both AGEs and H/R. CAR was observed to enhance STAT3 expression in H/R+AGRs-treated cardiomyocytes. Molecular docking results demonstrated favorable binding interactions between CAR and STAT3. Our study confirmed that CAR mitigated MIRI-induced myocardial injury and ferroptosis through targeting STAT3 in mice.Conclusion: In conclusion, CAR inhibited ferroptosis by activating the STAT3 signaling, thereby mitigating MIRI.Keywords: cardamonin, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, ferroptosis, STAT3, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway

Ping Wu,1 Xin Qian,1 Yijing Hu,1 Xiaoxia Yan2 1Department of Pulmonology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoxia Yan, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13761286006, Email wup@shchildren.com.cn Yijing Hu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 505 Tongpu Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18917180737, Email huyijing@shchildren.com.cnObjective: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of TIMT on pulmonary function in children and adolescents with asthma.Method: We searched for randomized controlled clinical trials in the MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, Sino Med, Wan fang, CNKI, and VIP until March 2024. In addition, the references included in the literature and the relevant systematic evaluation were manually traced in order to avoid the omission of any relevant literature. These trials compared TIMT against blank TIMT and conventional care. Eligible studies were assessed in terms of risk of bias and quality of evidence using RoB II tool. Where feasible, data were pooled and subjected to meta-analysis. The mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by fixed effect models or random effect models.Result: Six studies were included in the present meta-analysis involving 337 children and adolescents ranged from 4 to 18 years. The meta-analysis showed that TIMT could significantly improve lung function. Compared to the control group, TIMT can significantly improve FEV1 (MD 4.63 mL, 95% CI 2.64 to 6.62 mL, I2 = 4%), FVC (to the control group (MD 7.46 mL, 95% CI 5.09 to 9.82 mL, I2 = 0%), FEV1/FVC (MD 7.33%, 95% CI: 5.01 to 9.65%) and ACT (MD 1.86, 95% CI 0.96 to 2.75 mL, I2 = 12%) of patients at the end of intervention. There was no significant heterogeneity in these meta-analyses.Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis support the effectiveness of TIMT training in restoring lung function and relieving asthma symptoms of asthmatic children. More high-quality and RCTs with large sample size are urgently required to verify the conclusion.Keywords: threshold-pressure inspiratory muscle training, children, asthma, systematic review

Puhua Wu,1,2 Zhicheng Zhang,1 Yan Zhou,2 Quan Liu,2 Kin-Yip Tam,2 Zhenhong Su1 1Hubei Key Laboratory for Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, School of Medicine, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, People’s Republic of China; 2Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Puhua Wu, Email wph75000@hotmail.comBackground: Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDHKs), important metabolic and abnormally expressed enzymes in cancer cells, are promising targets for cancer therapy, especially for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: In this study, a new hit, dichloroacetophenone (DAP) analog 9, was postulated to bind to the PDHK1 allosteric pocket, guided by molecular modeling and kinase biochemical experiments. Based on this binding mode, novel DAP analogs were designed and synthesized to confirm the importance of Phe180, Tyr411, and the hydrophobic core at the bottom of the pocket.Results: This structure–activity relationship (SAR) study led to the discovery of a novel potent hybrid scaffold, dichloroacetophenone biphenylsulfone ether. Dichloroacetophenone biphenylsulfone ether 31 and 32 inhibited PDHK1 with IC50 values of 86 and 140 nM, respectively.Conclusion: Compound 32 with acceptable in vitro metabolic stability, predicted drug-likeness properties and ADME/T profiles, showed promising therapeutic efficacy in a lung cancer xenograft mouse model. Keywords: PDHK1, dichloroacetophenone, allosteric pocket, anti-NSCLC activity, tumor xenograft mouse model

Yao Wang,1,&ast; Huilan Lv,1,&ast; Mingjun He,1 Peishan Wu,1 Fei Li,1 Yulong Wang2 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Dapeng New District Nan’ao People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518121, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, The Second People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yulong Wang, Department of Rehabilitation, The Second People’s Hospital of Shenzhen; the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 3002, Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518035, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 139 2344 8395, Fax +86 0755 83366388, Email wangy12013054@163.comObjective: This study examined the link between physical activity levels, as measured by the Longshi Scale, and cardiac function and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in stroke patients, aiming to find correlations with stroke risk factors.Methods: The study involved 123 apoplexy patients divided into four groups based on the Longshi Scale: bedridden (31), domestic (32), community (30), and health (30). Clinical data was collected, and hemodynamic assessments were performed using impedance cardiography.Results: Cardiac output time index (CTI) and estimated ejection fraction (EF est) were significantly reduced in both the domestic and community groups compared to the health group (P < 0.05), while diastolic arterial blood pressure (DABP) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRi) were increased. In the bedridden group, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), CTI, left cardiac work index (LCWi), and EF est were all lower compared to the health group (P < 0.05), with SVRI and NT-proBNP levels being higher. Additionally, the bedridden group exhibited lower SV, CO, DABP, LCWi, CTI, and EF est when compared to the domestic and community groups (P < 0.05), but higher end-diastolic filling rate (EDFR) and NT-proBNP levels. The Longshi Scale grading positively correlated with SV (r = 0.536, P < 0.01), and NT-proBNP, EF, and cognitive dysfunction were found to be associated with activity levels in stroke patients.Conclusion: The Longshi Scale correlates with cardiac function indicators like NT-proBNP and EF, and can help identify stroke patients at risk of cardiac dysfunction. Moreover, cognitive dysfunction was identified as a significant factor influencing the range of activity in patients with stroke.Keywords: assessment, hemodynamic, Longshi Scale, stroke

Objective To develop a deep learning method for volumetric assessment of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (TICH) using the Trans-UNet model and to compare its performance with traditional formula-based methods. Methods CT data from 141 TICH patients admitted to Army Medical Center of PLA between May 2018 and May 2023 were collected. A deep learning method based on the Trans-UNet model was established. Manual delineation via picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was served as the gold standard for comparing the accuracy, consistency, and time efficiency of our method against 10 different formula-based methods for measuring the amount of TICH. Results The median volume of TICH, as manual delineation via PACS, was 1.167 mL, with a median measurement time of 135 s per patient. The median percentage error in volume between the deep learning method and manual delineation via PACS was 3.59%. Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.999 (P < 0.001), and a median measurement time was only 4.38 s per patient. In contrast, in the formula-based methods, the lowest median percentage error in volume was 16.451%, the highest Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.986 (P < 0.001), and the lowest median measurement time was 20 s for a single patient. The statistical differences were observed in percentage error in volume and measurement time between the 2 types of methods (all P < 0.001). Conclusion Our developed deep learning method for volumetric assessment of TICH is superior to the formula-based methods in terms of measurement accuracy and time efficiency.

[Objective] The effects of exposed rocks on the runoff, sediment yield, and hydrodynamic characteristics of slope land needs further study. [Methods] Through the laboratory simulation test, the slope lands with different rock exposure rates (0, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%) were set, and the artificial simulation rainfall test under different rainfall intensities (30, 60, 90 mm/h) was carried out, in order to explore the impact of rainfall intensity and exposed rocks on runoff, sediment yield and hydrodynamic characteristics of slope land. [Results] The surface runoff and sediment yield of slope land increased with the increased of rainfall intensity, and decreased with the increase of rock exposure rate. Under varying rainfall intensities, the runoff and sediment yield of slopes with 0 and 10% rock exposure rates slope land were not significantly difference in most cases (p>0.05), but the slope with a 0 rock exposure rate was significantly difference from other slopes with rock exposure (p

Pei-Yu Wu,1,2 Yan-Lin Yu,1 Wen-Rui Zhao,1 Bo Zhou1 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of VIP, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bo Zhou, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China, Email zhoubo915@126.comBackground: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious clinical problem with high amputation and mortality rates, yet there is a lack of desirable therapy. While the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes significantly to wound healing, ECM-related biomarker for DFU is still unknown. The study was designed to identify ECM-related biomarker in DFU using bioinformatics and machine learning and validate it in STZ-induced mice models.Methods: GSE80178 and GSE134431 microarray datasets were fetched from the GEO database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis was performed, respectively. By analyzing DEGs and ECM genes, we identified ECM-related DEGs, and functional enrichment analysis was conducted. Subsequently, three machine learning algorithms (LASSO, RF and SVM-RFE) were applied to filter ECM-related DEGs to identify key ECM-related biomarkers. Next, we conducted immune infiltration analysis, GSEA, and correlation analysis to explore the hub gene underlying mechanism. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and drug regulatory network were constructed. Finally, we validated the key ECM-related biomarker in STZ-induced mice models.Results: One hundred and forty-five common DEGs in adult DFU between the two datasets were identified. Taking the intersection of 145 common DEGs and 964 ECM genes, we identified 13 ECM-related DEGs. Thirteen ECM-related DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways associated with tissue remodeling, inflammation and defense against infectious agents. Ultimately, CTSH was identified as the key ECM-related biomarker. CTSH was associated with difference immune cells during the occurrence and development of DFU, and it influenced hedgehog, IL-17 and TNF signaling pathway. Additionally, CTSH expression is correlated with many ECM- and immune-related genes. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and drug regulatory network were constructed with 10 lncRNAs, 2 miRNAs, CTSH and 1 drug. Finally, CTSH was validated as a key biomarker for DFU in animal models.Conclusion: Our study found that CTSH can be used for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes and might be a potential therapeutic target. Keywords: diabetic wound healing, extracellular matrix, bioinformatics, machine learning, CTSH

China is the world’s largest walnut producer, with an annual output of 4.795 9 million tons. Walnut kernels have high nutritional value, containing 65%−69% of oil and 15%−20% of protein. Walnut meal, an abundant byproduct of walnut oil production, is mainly used in animal feed and fertilizers with low processing efficiency, whose potential for high-value utilization is far from being excavated. Studies have found that walnut meal contains a large amount of protein (42%−54%), its amino acid composition is rich, and the proportion of amino acids in walnut meal is suitable for human absorption. Walnut meal is a source of high-quality plant protein with a true protein digestibility score of 86.22%, and a biological valence of 98.77%. Therefore, high-efficiency utilization of walnut meal proteins is an important pathway for the high-value utilization of walnut meal. In this article, the composition, structure, and nutritional value of walnut proteins are reviewed. The extraction methods and functional characteristics of walnut proteins are summarized. The effect of modification on their functionalities and digestibility is also summarized. Finally, the application potential of walnut protein in foods is discussed.

In recent years, with the significant rise in global obesity rate, the demand for sugar substitutes such as artificial sweeteners (AS) has soared, but the safety of AS remains controversial. New research from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the journal Nature suggests that long-term consumption of AS may have negative health effects. Currently, the standards on the use of AS in different countries are different, and the mechanism of the health impact of long-term AS consumption is not clear. Therefore, based on recent research results related to AS, this review paper focuses on the human health effect of AS and the current domestic and foreign standards on AS. It elaborates on the relationship between AS and gut microbes, obesity and diabetes, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular disease and cancer, and summarizes the current Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), US, EU, Japanese and Chinese standards on AS. In addition, this paper also discusses the key issue of how to determine standards on AS addition in the food industry in order to provide a reference for future research in this field.

Objective To analyze the mechanism that Hcp1 protein in type Ⅵ secretion system of Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) mediates the formation of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) when host cells are infected by the bacterium. Methods The mutant strain (BPC006 Δhcp1) and complementation strain (BPC006 Δhcp1:: hcp1) were constructed by homologous recombination and plasmid complement technology, respectively. After RAW264.7 cells were infected with B. pseudomallei, the localization of Hcp1 in host cells was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The localization was further verified by cytoplasmic-membrane isolation in 293T cells after transfecting pCDNA4.1-Hcp1. The biological significance and effect of Hcp1 were explored by the anti-Hcp1 polyclonal antibody blocking and the formation of MNGC was detected by Giemsa staining. Results Western blotting showed that BPC006 Δhcp1 could not express Hcp1, while BPC006 Δhcp1:: hcp1 restored Hcp1 expression. The above results proved that the mutant and complement strains were successfully constructed. Both cellular immunofluorescence co-localization and cytoplasmic-membrane isolation experiments showed that Hcp1 localized to host cell membranes. Last but not least, compared with the control group, anti-Hcp1 polyclonal antibodies inhibited the formation of MNGC (P < 0.01). Conclusion Hcp1 protein in type Ⅵ secretion system of B. pseudomallei is able to translocate to the RAW264.7 cell membranes and plays an important role in the formation of MNGCs.

Ping Wu,1 Yijing Hu,2 Xiaoxia Yan3 1School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaoxia Yan, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13761286006, Email xiaoxia.yan@qq.com Yijing Hu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18917180737, Email huyijing@shchildren.com.cnAbstract: Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children. It has a serious impact on children’s physical and mental health. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary and comprehensive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory disease, whose major components include breathing training, inspiratory muscle training and exercise training. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary and comprehensive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory diseases, the main components of which are breathing training, inspiratory muscle training and exercise training. Pulmonary rehabilitation can improve the physical and mental condition of patients with chronic respiratory diseases and promote healthy behaviors. However, there is little research on pulmonary rehabilitation in children with asthma. This review comprehensively evaluated the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in children with asthma at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for clinical research on pulmonary rehabilitation in children with asthma.Keywords: bronchial asthma, pulmonary rehabilitation, breathing training, inspiratory muscle training, exercise training

Aiming at the lack of effective means for detecting and localizing malicious nodes in the data flow transmission link in Internet of things (IoT), a zero trust management method of data flow between IoT edge nodes based on software defined network (SDN) was proposed. This method applied the architecture of SDN to the process of data flow transmission between edge nodes. A fixed-length header overhead was used for zero trust management of data flow, nodes, and paths to achieve lightweight packet forwarding verification and malicious node localization functions. In the forwarding path, the security verification of packets was performed by the switching node, and the verification information was counted to ensure the security of the data flow transmission and the consistency of the path. Based on the type of abnormal packets, the controller adopted dichotomous method to mark the switching node that performed the verification operation to gradually narrow down the scope of malicious nodes, and realized the localization of multiple types of malicious nodes. Finally, the proposed method was simulated and evaluated. The experimental results show that the method introduces a forwarding delay of less than 10% and a throughput loss of less than 8%.

Gallium phosphide (GaP) has been increasingly prioritized, fueled by the enormous demands in visible light applications such as biomedical and quantum technologies. GaP has garnered tremendous attention in nanophotonics thanks to its high refractive index, indirect bandgap width of 2.26 eV, lattice perfectly matched with silicon, and omnipotent and competitive nonlinear optical properties. Herein, we review the progress and application of GaP in nanoscale devices over the past two decades. The material properties of bulk GaP are first listed, followed by a summary of the methodologies for fabricating nanoscale devices and related integration techniques. Then, we digest the operational mechanisms across different GaP-based devices on their optical linear responses. Following this, we categorize the GaP nonlinear optical effects into multiple aspects including second-harmonic generation, four-wave mixing, Kerr optical frequency combs, etc. Ultimately, we present a perspective on GaP nanophotonics in the context of coexisting and competing modes of various nonlinear effects. We believe that a comprehensive overview of unique GaP will propel these nanophotonic devices toward a mature state, underpinning foundational understanding and leveraging practical innovations.

DL/T 684—2012 Guide of Calculating Settings of Relay Protection for Large Generator Transformer （hereinafter referred to as the “2012 Guide”） has played a significant role in improving the correct operation rate of relay protection devices for generator transformers and ensuring the safe operation of electrical equipment in power plants. However， with the increase in capacity of individual generator units in China and the emergence of new faults， the “2012 Guide” has proved inadequate， requiring revision to better guide engineering practice. Therefore， this paper analyzes the problems in the “2012 Guide” and puts forward specific revision suggestions to address problems such as misoperation of generator differential protection under sympathetic inrush current， misoperation of false power-on protection under poor synchronous conditions， and tripping of gap zero-sequence current protection of main transformer before reclosing in the case of transient single-phase ground faults on the line. The suggestions can provide reference for the revision of the “2012 Guide”.

In the wide area measurement system （WAMS） of a province， occasional frequency hopping has been observed in digital phasor measurement unit （PMU） within an intelligent substation. Firstly， dynamic data records and waveform files are retrieved during instances of frequency hopping. Analysis is conducted in conjunction with on-site operational mode， and the causes behind two instances of frequency hopping are figured out. Subsequently， adjustments are made to the analog threshold values of the smart terminal， improvements are implemented in the sampling value （SV） network mode， virtual local area network （VLAN） switches are partitioned， and bandwidth thresholds of the device are fine-tuned to address frequency fluctuations caused by SV packet loss. Moreover， SV data recovery is conducted to enhance the fault tolerance of the PMU， ensuring that a loss of fewer than 3 frames will not lead to frequency fluctuation limit. Furthermore， efforts are made to identify on-site disturbance sources and analyze the causes of disturbances leading to frequency fluctuations in the PMU. A rapid disturbance identification method based on triggering waveform files is proposed. Finally， the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through experimentation.

Kaiyue Zhang, Chunnan Li, Peitong Wu, Xiaochen Gao, Xueqin Feng, Jiaming Shen, Nanxi Zhang, Xuesheng Hu, Shuo Wang, Hui Zhang, Jingwei Lv, Jiaming Sun Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiaming Sun; Jingwei Lv, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, People’s Republic of China, Tel +0431-86763809, Fax + 8676 3968, Email Sun_jiaming2000@163.com; jingwei-lv@hotmail.comPurpose: Zhixiao Tang (ZXT), a traditional Chinese compound prescription, has been used clinically to treat pneumonia in China. However, the underlying mechanism of ZXT treatment in pneumonia is still unclear. The present study aimed to reveal the potential mechanism of ZXT in pneumonia using a strategy combining metabolomics and network pharmacology.Methods: Initially, the chemical compositions were identified by UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS, while the prediction of potential signal pathways was performed through network pharmacology. To assess the anti-inflammatory properties of ZXT in the context of pneumonia, models of 16HBE cells induced by LPS and zebrafish induced by CuSO4 were established to measure levels of inflammatory markers and apoptosis. Subsequently, the differential changes of endogenous metabolites in cells caused by ZXT were examined using metabolomics technology, and the molecular docking analysis of key targets was carried out using Autodock Vina software. Ultimately, the validation of the primary pathways and targets was conducted through quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot techniques.Results: A total of 75 compounds were identified through UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS analyses. Network pharmacological analysis shows that it plays an anti-inflammatory role in C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. After ZXT intervention, the inflammatory factors and apoptosis in cells were significantly reduced. Metabonomics analysis showed that 18 metabolites changed significantly. Four key genes were identified, which exhibited partial compatibility with the findings of network pharmacology. Molecular docking analysis confirmed the substantial affinity of the primary targets for ZXT. Furthermore, ZXT exerted a suppressive effect on neutrophil migration, down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, and inhibited the up-regulation of the Dectin-1/SYK/NF-κB signaling pathway. In vivo cell experiments also yielded consistent experimental outcomes.Conclusion: This study enhances comprehension of the pharmacological mechanism underlying ZXT’s efficacy in pneumonia treatment, thereby establishing a scholarly basis for future research and clinical utilization of ZXT in pneumonia management. Keywords: Zhixiao Tang, pneumonia, network pharmacology, integrated metabolomics, 16HBE, Zebrafish

ObjectiveTo screen biomarkers for forensic identification of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） by non-targeted metabolomic studies on changes of urine metabolites in rats with AMI.MethodsThe rat models of the sham surgery group, AMI group and hyperlipidemia + acute myocardial infarction （HAMI） group were established. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS） was used to analyze the changes of urine metabolic spectrometry in AMI rats. Principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were used to screen differential metabolites. The MetaboAnalyst database was used to analyze the metabolic pathway enrichment and access the predictive ability of differential metabolites.ResultsA total of 40 and 61 differential metabolites associated with AMI and HAMI were screened, respectively. Among them, 22 metabolites were common in both rat models. These small metabolites were mainly concentrated in the niacin and nicotinamide metabolic pathways. Within the 95% confidence interval, the area under the curve （AUC） values of receiver operator characteristic curve for N8-acetylspermidine, 3-methylhistamine, and thymine were greater than 0.95.ConclusionN8-acetylspermidine, 3-methylhistamine, and thymine can be used as potential biomarkers for AMI diagnosis, and abnormal metabolism in niacin and nicotinamide may be the main causes of AMI. This study can provide reference for the mechanism and causes of AMI identification.

Peipei Wu,1 Panpan Zhang,1 Jing Xu,1 Wenhui Ma,1 Longfei Li,2 Haifeng Xu1 1Department of Uveitis, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Haifeng Xu, Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, 5 Yanerdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13906391451, Fax +86 0532 85891110, Email chxhf@126.comBackground: To compare the efficacy of intravitreal injections of Conbercept combined with dexamethasone (DEX) for macular edema (ME) following central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).Methods: This was a prospective, single-masked, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Patients with ME following CRVO were randomised into groups to receive intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg Conbercept plus 0.2 mg DEX or 0.5 mg Conbercept alone on day 0 followed by repeat injections as indicated. The primary outcome measure was the change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to month 12. Secondary outcome measures included decrease in central retinal thickness (CRT), injection frequency and interval and percentage of patients who gained more than 15 ETDRS letters or achieved a CRT of < 250 μm at month 12.Results: 33 males (51%) and 32 females (49%) were initially recruited with an average age of 56.64 ± 13.88 years. Patients in the Conbercept and Conbercept + DEX groups gained an average of 14.55 ± 19.19 and 14.88 ± 17.68 ETDRS letters, respectively, at months 12 (t = 4.221, P = 0.000; and t = 4.834, P = 0.000) with no significant difference between the two groups (t = 0.071, P = 0.943). In the Conbercept group, the mean reduction in CRT from baseline to month 12 was 435.26 ± 293.37 μm (t = 8.261, P = 0.000) compared to 431.36 ± 294.55 (t = 8.413, P = 0.000) in the Conbercept + DEX group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (t = 0.053, P = 0.958). The Conbercept + DEX group received fewer intravitreal injections. No major complications occurred.Conclusion: Conbercept, alone or with DEX, can improve BCVA and reduce CRT in ME following CRVO without serious adverse events. The treatment interval was longer in the Conbercept + DEX group.Trial Registration: The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry at 5 July 2017. (http://www.chictr.org.cn, 05/07/2017 Registration Number: ChiCTR-INR-17011877).Keywords: conbercept, dexamethasone, macular edema, retinal vein occlusion

Dian-Jeng Li,1,2,&ast; Joh-Jong Huang,3,&ast; Su-Ting Hsu,1 Hui-Ching Wu,4 Kuan-Ying Hsieh,1 Guei-Ging Lin,1 Pei-Jhen Wu,1 Chin-Lien Liu,1 Frank Huang-Chih Chou1 1Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 2Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan; 3Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; 4Department of Social Work, Taiwan Social Resilience Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Frank Huang-Chih Chou, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan, Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd Road, Lingya District, Kaohsiung, 802211, Taiwan, Tel +886 7-751-3171 Ext. 2302, Fax +886 7-771-2494, Email f50911.tw@yahoo.com.tw Hui-Ching Wu, Department of Social Work, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Tel +886 2-3366-9483, Fax +886 2-2368-0532, Email hchingwu@ntu.edu.twIntroduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an impact on patients with substance use disorder (SUD). We aimed to investigate factors associated with confidence and adherence to governmental policies against COVID-19 (social desirability) among patients with SUD.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2020 to 2021. Patients with SUD and healthy controls were recruited. The severity of sleep disturbance, social desirability, drug dependence, vaccine worries, other psychological burdens and demographic variables were collected through self-administrated questionnaires. Differences between the SUD and control groups were estimated. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to identify significant relationships between social desirability and other factors.Results: In total, 58 of patients with SUD and 47 healthy controls were recruited. The patients with SUD had a lower level of social desirability and more severe sleep disturbance than the control group. Older age, more severe sleep disturbance, lower level of drug dependence, and lower level of vaccine worries were significantly associated with a higher level of social desirability among the patients with SUD.Conclusion: Our results show the importance of timely interventions for drug dependence and to address vaccine worries in patients with SUD.Keywords: drug dependence, coping strategies, sleep disturbance, vaccine worries, COVID-19

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of probiotics combined with bismuth quadruple therapy （BQT） on clinical efficacy、gastrointestinal adverse reactions and intestinal flora in Helicobacter pylori （HP） positive patients.MethodsThe patients who were positive for HP from May 2023 to July 2023 in the department of gastroenterology of Shanghai first people's hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups with 40 people in each group. The probiotic group was given 2 weeks of quadruple therapy with probiotics and standard BQT， followed by 4 weeks of oral probiotics after quadruple discontinuation. The placebo group was given 2 weeks of probiotic placebo and standard BQT， followed by 4 weeks of oral probiotic placebo. 13C urea breath test was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy， gastrointestinal symptoms rating Scale was used to evaluate the gastrointestinal adverse reactions of patients before and after the intervention， and microbial diversity 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to detect the level of intestinal flora of patients before and after the intervention.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the eradication rate between the two groups （P>0.05）. Before the intervention， there was no significant difference in the scores of the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale between the probiotic group and the placebo group. After the intervention， patients in the probiotic group had significantly lower pain scores on acid reflux （1.10±0.30 vs 1.35±0.53， P

The rapid development of nuclear power reduced the consumption of fossil fuels, effectively reduced the environmental pollution of liquid waste, solid waste, and harmful gases, playing a crucial role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. However, it also generated a large amount of high-level radioactive wastes (HLWs). HLWs contain a quantity of elements, high toxicity, high-level radioactivity, long half-life period, and large heat release, posing a huge threat to the ecological environment and human health. Its safe disposal has become a key and difficult issue in international radioactive waste management. Deep geological disposal is widely regarded as the safest, most reliable, and technically feasible method for disposing HLWs. Deep geological disposal refers to the establishment of a geological disposal repository of HLWs in rocks at a depth of 500-1 000 meters underground, a site buring the processed HLWs, and isolating HLWs from the biosphere through a multiple barrier system to achieve long-term and effective safe disposal. At present, the construction of an underground research laboratory (URL) has been initiated for the geological disposal of HLWs in Xinchang of Beishan, Gansu. The distribution of U species in deep groundwater and its influence factors can provide basic data for the performance assessment of a deep geological disposal system at the micro level, but they remain unclear, urgently needed relevant geochemical simulation. Based on the database (llnl.dat) in PHEEQC, with an addition of thermodynamic data of U(Ⅵ) from NEA-TDB and ThermoChimie databases, the U species and their distribution in the deep groundwater of BS28 borehole of the URL were simulated using PHEEQC.v3 and PhreePlot.v11, to clarify the U species in the deep groundwater from Xinchang of Beishan and elucidate the influence of pH, pE, and concentration ratio of Ca2+ and HCO3-(c(Ca2+)/c(HCO3-)) on the distribution of U species. The simulation results indicate that U occurs as U(Ⅵ) in this deep groundwater environment, with the main species of Ca2UO2(CO3)3(aq) and CaUO2(CO3)32-, accounting for 84.14% and 15.16%, respectively. The valence states of U can gradually change from U(Ⅵ) to U(Ⅳ) when pE

Peng Wu,1,&ast; Xiaoyong Wang,2,&ast; Min Yin,1,&ast; Wenjie Zhu,3,&ast; Zheng Chen,1 Yang Zhang,1 Ziyu Jiang,4 Longqing Shi,5 Qiang Zhu1 1Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2The People’s Hospital of Rugao, Nantong, People’s Republic of China; 3Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Longqing Shi, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Email 20204135017@stu.suda.edu.cn Qiang Zhu, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Email zhu20081023@yeah.netBackground: Liver cancer remains to be one of the leading causes of cancer worldwide. The treatment options face several challenges and nanomaterials have proven to improve the bioavailability of several drug candidates and their applications in nanomedicine. Specifically, chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) are extremely biodegradable, pose enhanced biocompatibility and are considered safe for use in medicine.Methods: CNPs were synthesized by ionic gelation, loaded with rutin (rCNPs) and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The rCNPs were tested for their cytotoxic effects on human hepatoma Hep3B cells, and experiments were conducted to determine the mechanism of such effects. Further, the biocompatibility of the rCNPs was tested on L929 fibroblasts, and their hemocompatibility was determined.Results: Initially, UV–vis and FTIR analyses indicated the possible loading of rutin on rCNPs. Further, the rutin load was quantitatively measured using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) and the concentration was 88 μg/mL for 0.22 micron filtered rCNPs. The drug loading capacity (LC%) of the rCNPs was observed to be 13.29 ± 0.68%, and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) was 19.55 ± 1.01%. The drug release was pH-responsive as 88.58% of the drug was released after 24 hrs at the lysosomal pH 5.5, whereas 91.44% of the drug was released at physiological pH 7.4 after 102 hrs. The cytotoxic effects were prominent in 0.22 micron filtered samples of 5 mg/mL rutin precursor. The particle size for the rCNPs at this concentration was 144.1 nm and the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.244, which is deemed to be ideal for tumor targeting. A zeta potential (ζ-potential) value of 16.4 mV indicated rCNPs with good stability. The IC50 value for the cytotoxic effects of rCNPs on human hepatoma Hep3B cells was 9.7 ± 0.19 μg/mL of rutin load. In addition, the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were observed. Gene expression studies indicated that the mechanism for cytotoxic effects of rCNPs on Hep3B cells was due to the activation of Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase (ULK1) mediated autophagy and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling besides inhibiting the epithelial–mesenchymal Transition (EMT). In addition, the rCNPs were less toxic on NCTC clone 929 (L929) fibroblasts in comparison to the Hep3B cells and possessed excellent hemocompatibility (less than 2% of hemolysis).Conclusion: The synthesized rCNPs were pH-responsive and possessed the physicochemical properties suitable for tumor targeting. The particles were effectively cytotoxic on Hep3B cells in comparison to normal cells and possessed excellent hemocompatibility. The very low hemolytic profile of rCNPs indicates that the drug could be administered intravenously for cancer therapy.Keywords: rCNPs, Hep3B, ROS, qPCR, mechanism

Meiping Chen,1,2 Yijun Ge,1,3 Wen Zhang,1 Ping Wu,4 Chao Cao1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ninghai First Hospital, Ningbo, 315600, People’s Republic of China; 4National Facility for Protein in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chao Cao, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, 59 Liuting Road, Ningbo, 315010, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-574-87089878, Fax +86-0574-8729-1583, Email caocdoctor@163.comPurpose: Little research has explored the proteomic characteristics of nasal lavage fluid from asthmatic patients. This study aims to investigate whether differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in nasal lavage fluid can serve as a biomarker to differentiate asthma patients from healthy controls (HCs) and to discern between individuals with well controlled and poorly controlled asthma.Patients and Methods: We enrolled patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, or both conditions, and HCs in this study. We recorded patients’ demographic and medical history data and administered asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) and asthma control questionnaire (ACQ). Nasal fluid samples were collected, followed by protein measurements, and proteomic analysis utilizing the data-independent acquisition (DIA) method.Results: Twenty-four with asthma, 27 with combined asthma+ AR, 25 with AR, and 12 HCs were enrolled. Four proteins, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), serpin B7 (SERPINB7), kallikrein-13 (KLK13), and bleomycin hydrolase (BLMH) were significantly upregulated in nasal lavage fluid samples of asthma without AR, compared to HCs (Fold change ≥ 2.0, false-discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05). Conversely, 56 proteins including secretoglobin family 2A member 1 (SCGB2A1) were significantly downregulated (fold change ≥ 2.0, FDR < 0.05). Furthermore, 96.49% of DEPs including peptidase inhibitor 3 (PI3) and C-X-C motif chemokine 17 (CXCL17) were upregulated in poorly controlled asthma patients without AR relative those with well- or partly controlled asthma (fold change ≥ 1.5, FDR < 0.05). Search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING) analysis showed that PI3, with 18 connections, may be pivotal in asthma control.Conclusion: The study revealed significant alteration in the nasal lavage proteome in asthma without AR patients. Moreover, our results indicated a potential association between the expression of proteome in the upper airway and the level of asthma control. Specifically, PI3 appears to be a key role in the regulation of asthma without AR. Keywords: allergy, proteomic analysis, nasal lavage fluid, asthma control

Abstract As construction technology and project management develop, structural monitoring systems become increasingly important for ensuring large-span spatial structure safety during construction and operation. However, most of the sensors and monitoring equipment in monitoring systems are poorly serviced, resulting in frequent abnormal monitoring data, which directly leads to challenges in data analysis and structural safety assessment. In this paper, a structural response recovery method based on a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is proposed by studying the autocorrelation of data and the spatial correlations among data at multiple measurement points. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified using the monitored stress data for a grid structure jacking construction process, and the influence of different data loss rates on the recovery accuracy is analysed. The recovery models are compared using a support vector machine and a Multi-Layer Perception (MLP) neural network. The proposed method can effectively restore missing data; notably, the MSE index is 0.6, and the MAPE is below 15%. The data restoration method based on the LSTM neural network is more accurate than the traditional method. Finally, the repair applicability of various types of monitored data is verified using the monitoring data from Hall F of Qingdao Jiao-dong International Airport under typhoon conditions.

Abstract Purpose Percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF) is used to treat choledocholithiasis and biliary stricture. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy in the treatment of recurrent hepatolithiasis. Materials and methods The clinical data of 37 consecutive patients who underwent PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy for RHL from March 2020 to March 2022 at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 68 percutaneous transhepatic punctures were performed in 37 patients, with a puncture success rate of 85.29% (58/68) and a dilatation success rate of 100.00% (58/58). The mean blood loss of operation was 9.84 ± 18.10 mL, the mean operation time was 82.05 ± 31.92 min, and the mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 5.59 ± 3.26 days. The initial stone clearance rate was 40.54% (15/37) and the final stone clearance rate was 100% (37/37). The incidence of postoperative complications was 10.81% (4/37), including 2 cases of pleural effusion, 1 case of hemorrhage, and 1 case of cholangitis, which recovered after treatment. During a mean follow-up period of 23 months (range 12 to 36 months), only 1 patient experienced stone recurrence. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided PTOBF combined with rigid choledochoscopy in the treatment of RHL based on skilful manipulation seems to be a safe, effective and minimally invasive method with clinical application value. Further comparative studies with large sample sizes are needed in the future to confirm the reliability of its therapeutic results.

This study investigated the effects of food culture on the economic and ecological development of rural rivers and adolescents’ intentions toward tourism in high-risk leisure environments. The study applied a mixed-methods design. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to recruited participants, and 900 responses were collected and analyzed, with SPSS 26.0 used to perform basic statistical validation and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Structured interviews were conducted to collect the opinions of experts, tourists, and residents of the investigated areas. A multivariate analysis was used to analyze the results, which revealed that superior economic, societal, and ecological development is associated with greater leisure, tourism, and consumption intentions. However, varying levels of environmental literacy among tourists can present challenges. Problems such as tourism waste; overdevelopment; loss of historic architectural features; and pollution of water, forests, and air may deter young tourists from revisiting an area and diminish their willingness to engage in and share leisure experiences.

Background: To compare the efficacy of Three-scope combined (laparoscopic, rigid choledochoscopy and electronic choledochoscopy, TS) with laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for patients with hepatolithiasis (HL). Methods: Between January 2019 and January 2020, 118 consecutive patients with HL treated with TS (TS group, n = 57) or LH (LH group, n = 61) were analyzed in this study. Perioperative and long-term outcomes, including operative time, intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion, postoperative bowel function recovery time, postoperative hospital stay, complication rate, stone removal rate, and stone recurrence rate, were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: Compared with the LH group, the TS group had significantly lower intraoperative blood loss and transfusions, significantly shorter operative time and hospital stay, and fewer complications (P 0.05 for all). Conclusion: TS is a safe and effective treatment for HL and is superior to LH in terms of overall treatment outcome and complications.

AIM: To investigate the application of biological amniotic membrane soaked in pirfenidone(PFD)and to evaluate its anti-scarring effect and toxic side effects on glaucoma model of rabbit eyes.METHODS: The right eyes of 72 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 0.5%PFD+ biological amniotic membrane group, biological amniotic membrane group, mitomycin C(MMC)group and blank control group after the glaucoma model was established by anterior chamber injection of compound carbomer solution, and 18 rabbits in each group underwent trabeculectomy, in which the 0.5% PFD+ biological amniotic membrane group was placed with 0.5% PFD solution-soaked biological amniotic membrane under the scleral flap, and the biological amniotic membrane group was placed with normal saline-soaked rehydrated biological amniotic membrane under the scleral flap. In the MMC group, a cotton pad soaked in MMC was placed under the scleral flap for 3 min and immediately rinsed with normal saline, while the blank control group received no implant after the scleral flap was made. The intraocular pressure(IOP), filtration blebs, toxic side effects and complications were evaluated, and the histopathological changes in the filtration area were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE), Masson staining and immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: The mean IOP at 14, 21 and 28 d after trabeculectomy were 0.5%PFD+ biological amniotic membrane group

ObjectiveTo obtain the occurrence time and regional distribution characteristics， place of occurrence， high-risk food and risk factors， the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus from 2010 to 2020 in China’s Mainland was analyzed.MethodsThe data of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were collected from China disease outbreak surveillance system from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed statistically.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， a total of 1 772 outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were reported， with a total of 27 212 cases， 5 944 hospitalized cases and 2 deaths. The peak time was from July to September. The incidence in developed areas （28.8 cases/million people） was higher than that in underdeveloped areas （8.2 cases/million people）， and the incidence in coastal areas （31.7 cases/million people） was higher than that in inland areas （9.2 cases/million people）. The main causes were aquatic food （61.2%） and meat （25.3%）. Hotels and restaurants accounted for 49.6% of the total. The main contamination links were incomplete cooking of aquatic food and raw and cooked cross-contamination of ready-to-eat meat and vegetable food.ConclusionIn order to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus， it is important to strengthen the supervision of processing and storage of aquatic food and meat in catering service places.

While conventional optical sensors hold historical significance, they face inherent limitations in sensitivity, operational intricacies, and bulky size. A breakthrough in this realm comes from the advent of metasurface sensors, which leverage nanoscale optical effects, thereby expanding the horizons of optical sensing applications. However, past methods employed in metasurface sensors predominantly rely on wavelength shifts or intensity changes with high-Q resonances, thereby significantly restricting the detection bandwidth. In response to these challenges, this study introduces a plasmonic gradient metasurface-based sensor (PGMS) designed for refractive index detection across a wide wavelength spectrum. Through the utilization of the Pancharatnam–Berry phase method, the PGMS achieves a distinctive 2π phase shift, facilitating the simultaneous generation of specular and deflected beams. The introduction of a far-field intensity ratio (I* = I +1/I 0) amplifies the change in optical response by maximizing the deflected beam’s intensity while minimizing specular reflection. Experimental validation attests to the PGMS’s consistent performance across diverse media and wavelengths, successfully overcoming challenges associated with oxidation issues. Furthermore, the incorporation of a normalization factor enhances the PGMS’s sensing performance and versatility for broadband optical sensing, accommodating variations in the refractive index. Particularly sensitive in green wavelengths, the PGMS demonstrates its potential in visible spectrum applications, such as biomedical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. This research not only addresses challenges posed by conventional sensors but also propels optical sensing technologies into a realm of heightened sensitivity and adaptability.

An analytical method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS/MS) was established for the simultaneous determination of 10 flavor precursors and 21 free amino acids in black garlic. The method was applied for exploring the changing pattern of characteristic components in black garlic during processing. The results showed that the characteristic components in black garlic changed significantly during processing at 75 ℃ and 85% relative humidity. Among them, γ-aminobutyric acid, S-allyl-L-cysteine, isoalliin, glutamine, methiin, alliin, tryptophan, and γ-L-glutamyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine changed most obviously, and were identified as the chemical markers of changes in small molecular metabolites during the processing of black garlic. The established method has high sensitivity and accuracy, and can meet the detection requirements.

Ruijie Wang,1,2 Quan Li,1 Pengxin Wu,3 Ke Ren,3 Yan Li,1 Yang Wang,3 Huadong Zhu,1 Chuanzhu Lv2– 4 1Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU013), Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China; 3Emergency Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chuanzhu Lv; Huadong Zhu, Email Lvchuanzhu677@126.com; zhuhuadong1970@126.comBackground: In sepsis, the lungs are one of the most severely affected organs, usually resulting in acute lung injury (ALI). Capsaicin (CAP) is a natural compound found in chili peppers that has pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we report that nanoparticles containing capsaicin and iron (Fe-CAP NPs) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of ALI.Methods: The morphological characteristics of nanozymes were detected. RAW 264.7 cells were divided into four groups: control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CAP+LPS and Fe-CAP+LPS groups. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was assessed by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) expression was determined by Western blot. C57 mice were divided into control, LPS, CAP+LPS and Fe-CAP+LPS groups. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and iNOS expression in the lung was detected by Western Blot. IL-6 and TNF-α expression in serum was detected by ELISA. Extravasated Evans blue, histopathological evaluation and wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio were used to assess pulmonary capillary permeability. The blood and major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of mice were tested for the toxicity of Fe-CAP NPs.Results: In the LPS group, TNF-α, iNOS, p-NF-κB and p-IKBα expression increased. However, their expression was significantly decreased in the Fe-CAP+LPS group. TGF-β expression showed the opposite trend. In vivo, IL-6 and iNOS expression was notably increased in the lungs of LPS group of mice but decreased with Fe-CAP pretreatment. Fe-CAP significantly ameliorated lung EB leakage, improved the histopathology of lung tissue and reduced the W/D weight ratio. The nanoparticles showed non-cytotoxicity, when studying these biological activities.Conclusion: Fe-CAP NPs could alleviated inflammation by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages, increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory factors, and alleviating lung tissue damage.Keywords: capsaicin, sepsis, macrophage, nanoparticles, iron

ABSTRACT: The demand for plant protein is increasing significantly due to the shortage of protein resources. Walnut protein, the main by-product of preparing walnut oil, has limited application in the food industry due to its poor solubility. It was found that the soy protein isolate (SPI) concentration had significant effects on the gel properties of the walnut protein isolate (WNPI)-κ-Carrageenan (KC) composite system treated with 15 mmol/L NaCl. The results showed that the gel strength of the composite system increased first and then decreased with the increased concentration of SPI from 0 to 2.5%. The best rheological properties, texture properties, water holding capacity ((92.03 ± 1.05)%), swelling ratio ((2.04 ± 0.19)%), freeze-thaw stability and thermal stability (85.53 °C) of the composite gel were found at an SPI concentration of 1%. In the meantime, the secondary structure of protein had the least α-helix content of 10.17% and the highest β-sheet content of 39.64%, the fluorescence intensity and free sulfhydryl content reached the highest value. 1% SPI could also act as a filler for WNPI to enhance the intermolecular forces such as hydrophobic interaction between the two substances, thus forming a stable gel network structure. This study can provide technical support for improving the gel properties of walnut protein and producing new plant protein gel products.

Xiaojuan Wang,1,&ast; Lingling Huang,1,&ast; Wenbin Guo,2,&ast; Langlang Tang,1 Aiyu Wu,3 Peng Wu,4 Xiance Zhao,4 Qi Lin,1 Lian Yu3 1Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350400, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Rheumatology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, People’s Republic of China; 4Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, 200000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qi Lin, Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105, Jiu Yi North Road, Xin Luo District, Longyan City, 364000, People’s Republic of China, Tel + 86 13950881931, Email linqii8m@126.com Lian Yu, Department of Rheumatology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105, Jiu Yi North Road, Xin Luo District, Longyan City, 364000, People’s Republic of China, Email yulianian@126.comPurpose: The purpose of this study was to observe cerebral microstructure and microcirculation features, as well as changes in white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) among patients with non-neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (non-NPSLE).Methods: We compared 36 female patients with non-NPSLE and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) who underwent 3.0T MRI imaging with diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and 3D pseudo-continuous Arterial Spin Labeling (pCASL). Mean kurtosis (MK), mean kurtosis tensor (MKT), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) values were obtained from 25 brain regions, including WM and GM. We analyzed the correlation between imaging indicators and clinical data.Results: When compared with HCs, patients with non-NPSLE had reduced MK and MKT values in regional WM, deep GM, and the left frontal lobe cortical GM, and increased CBF in the right parietal lobe WM and right semioval center (SOC). The MK and MKT values were weakly correlated with CBF in some regions, including WM and GM. Complement 3 (C3) and Complement 4 (C4) showed a weak positive correlation with MK and MKT in some regions, including WM and deep GM, while platelet (PLT) was positively correlated with MKT in the left frontal lobe WM; dsDNA antibody was correlated negatively with MK in the right occipital lobe WM; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was correlated negatively with CBF in the left SOC.Conclusion: Our findings revealed the presence of brain microstructural and microvascular abnormalities in non-NPSLE patients, indicating microstructural damage in the cortical GM, which was less commonly reported. We found DKI and pCASL useful in detecting early brain lesions, and MK was a more sensitive and beneficial indicator.Keywords: arterial spin labeling, cerebral blood flow, diffusion kurtosis imaging, gray matter, systemic lupus erythematosus, white matter

Tingxuan Huang, Youjia Wu, Lingyi Huang, Renyi Lin, Zhenyue Li, Xiaoxiao Wang, Pingping Wu, Liying Huang School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liying Huang; Pingping Wu, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613860635139 ; +8615980271679, Fax +86059422862016, Email fjmuhly88@sina.com; 631763708@qq.comPurpose: Compound Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl oral liquid (CAROL) is often as a hepatoprotective agent. The present study aimed to elucidate the protective mechanism of CAROL against alcoholic liver injury in rats by untargeted metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis.Methods: An alcoholic liver disease model was established in sprague-dawley (SD) rats by gavage of alcohol, and CAROL treatment was administered. The hepatoprotective effect of CAROL was evaluated by examining liver tissues changes and detecting biochemical index activities and cytokines in serum and liver homogenates. The metabolites in serum samples were examined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–QTOF/MS) and multivariate statistical analysis to screen for differentially expressed metabolites and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to assess potential metabolic pathways.Results: CAROL has the potential to downregulate inflammation levels and alleviate oxidative stress. The differential metabolites are mainly engaged in riboflavin metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and vitamin B6 metabolism to achieve hepatoprotective effects.Conclusion: CAROL may exhibit beneficial hepatoprotective effects by reducing inflammation, mitigating oxidative stress, and modulating metabolites and their metabolic pathways.This study has important implications for advancing the clinical application of CAROL. Keywords: compound Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. oral liquid, alcoholic liver injury, untargeted metabolomics, UHPLC–QTOF/MS, metabolic pathway analysis

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as the substances with strong reactive activity, mainly include hydroxyl radicals (·OH), superoxide anion radicals (·O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Abnormal concentration of reactive oxygen species in mammals can cause serious diseases such as diabetes, cancer, tumors and some neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an increasing interest in the detection of ROS and issues was focused on and the consideration of the development of ROS detection sensors (e.g., biocompatibility, stability of the detection method, variability of different types of ROS, etc.) were raised. In the past, electrochemical sensors based on natural enzymes have been developed, but the drawbacks of natural enzymes such as complicated preparation, difficult purification, poor catalytic activity and stability, which limit their research and application. In recent years, numerous studies have found that nano-mimetic enzymes have unique enzyme-like properties such as catalytic activity, selectivity and stability, which can be widely used to construct electrochemical biosensors for the detection of reactive oxygen species. Recent nano-mimetic enzyme sensors for the detection of ·O2-, H2O2 and ·OH were focused in this paper, which are used in the field of life sciences to prevent related diseases in advance through the detection of reactive oxygen species, and can be used in the field of environmental pollution prevention and control for the quantitative detection of reactive oxygen species content.

Objective: This study aimed to purify crude polyphenols from wormwood and to study inhibitory activity of its against α-glucosidase. Methods: The adsorption-desorption properties of wormwood polyphenols by seven kinds of macroporous resins were studied. The suitable resin for separating and purifying Wormwood polyphenols was obtained and the purification parameters were optimized. Using different concentration ethanol solution for dynamic elution, the inhibitory activity of different elution fractions on α-glucosidase was investigated. Results: The results indicated that D101 resin was a suitable material for purifying wormwood polyphenols and the macroporous resin reached equilibrium within 120 min. The optimal conditions for purifying wormwood polyphenols were as follows, crude polyphenol 1.5 mg/mL, pH 2.0, flow velocity of 1.5 mL/min, and 60% ethanol was used as the eluent with the elution flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The purity of polyphenols increased from 21.42% to 69.19% after purification by D101 resin, which was enhanced 3.23 times. Different elution components were obtained by using different concentration ethanol as eluents, respectively. The 60% ethanol elution fraction that contained isoquercitrin, phloridzin and rutin had the best inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. Conclusion: wormwood polyphenols have good development prospects for hypoglycemic effect.

Three humic acids(AHA, YHA, and EHA) from different origin were characterized by elementary analysis, UV-Vis and FTIR spectra, and the functional groups were determined by chemical titration. The effects of pH, time, temperature, and ionic strength on the complexation of three HAs with U(Ⅵ) were investigated systematically. Meanwhile, the interaction of U(Ⅵ) with three HA models in aqueous phase was studied by means of molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, and the dynamics, coordination structures, and interaction mechanism were further explored. The experimental results show that the elemental composition and functional group types of three HAs from different origin are basically similar, with strong aromaticity and conjugated double bonds, but slight differences can be also observed between them. The low H/C atom ratio, high acidity, and high content of functional groups indicate that YHA has high humification degree, high conjugation or aromatic composition, and strong metal complexation ability. The complexation behavior of three HAs with U(Ⅵ) are significantly different, which is substantially affected by pH, time, temperature, and ionic strength. MD simulations demonstrate that the complexation of single HA with U(Ⅵ) can be completed in a short time, and the main binding sites are carboxyl groups. The coordination structures formed by HAs with U(Ⅵ) in aqueous solution have quite differences, and the main driving force is electrostatic interaction. The results reported here are beneficial to further understanding the chemical behavior of uranium in the presence of HA, and provide data and reference for the geological disposal and safety evaluation of radioactive wastes.

Chien-Chia Huang,1,2 Po-Hung Chang,1,&ast; Yen-Lin Huang,3– 5 Ta-Jen Lee,1,2,6 Chi-Che Huang,1,2 Pei-Wen Wu1,2,&ast; 1Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 2School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 4School of Medicine, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; 5Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 6Department of Otolaryngology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Pei-Wen Wu, Division of Rhinology, Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fu-Shin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan, Tel +886-3-3281200 ext. 8466, Fax +886-3-3979361, Email a9665@cgmh.org.twIntroduction: Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is frequently associated with greater inflammation, poorer prognosis, and a high recurrence rate after sinus surgery.Objective: This study evaluated the clinical and imaging characteristics of eosinophilic CRSwNP in patients aged 12– 17.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 139 patients aged 12– 17 with bilateral CRSwNP. Clinical characteristics, computed tomography (CT) features, tissue eosinophil counts, and eosinophil activity were evaluated.Results: Twenty-three (16.5%) patients had recurrent nasal polyps that required revision surgery. Patients requiring revision surgery had higher tissue eosinophil infiltration in the sinus mucosa than those not requiring revision surgery. The optimal cut-off value to distinguish the need for revision surgery was a tissue eosinophil count > 21.5/high-power field determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve. The Lund-Mackay and olfactory cleft opacification scores on CT images were significant predictors of tissue eosinophil count in the univariate analysis, and only olfactory opacification scores remained statistically significant in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion: This study revealed that the CT feature of the olfactory cleft opacification score could be a significant characteristic of eosinophilic CRSwNP in adolescents.Plain Language Summary: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa characterized by nasal obstruction, mucopurulent rhinorrhea, facial pain/pressure, and decreased or loss of smell for over 12 weeks.CRS is classified as CRS without nasal polyps or CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), depending on the presence of nasal polyps. Based on the predominance of tissue inflammatory cell infiltration by eosinophils or neutrophils, CRS can be categorized into eosinophilic and neutrophilic entities. Eosinophilic CRSwNP is clinically characterized by a greater extent of inflammation, more severe clinical symptoms and high recurrence rate after sinus surgery. Thus, early identification of the endotypes in patients with CRS is important for determining prognosis and treatment strategies.This study retrospectively enrolled 139 patients aged 12– 17 with bilateral CRSwNP. Clinical characteristics, CT features, tissue eosinophil counts, and eosinophil activity were evaluated. The results showed that patients requiring revision surgery had higher tissue eosinophil infiltration in the sinus mucosa than those not requiring revision surgery. The optimal cut-off value to distinguish the need for revision surgery was a tissue eosinophil count > 21.5/high-power field. The Lund-Mackay and olfactory cleft opacification scores on CT images were significant predictors of tissue eosinophil count in the regression analysis.Keywords: adolescent, chronic rhinosinusitis, computed tomography, eosinophil, nasal polyp

[Abstract]: Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, ZR) and Jiangtan (Carbonized Zingiberis Rhizoma, CZR) have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with a rich history in the treatment of various ailments. While ZR and CZR obviously stem from the same botanical source, their attributes, chemical compositions, pharmacological behaviors, and clinical applications are different owing to variations in the extent of drying and processing they undergo. In this paper, data pertaining to ZR and CZR were retrieved from databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. These sources were scrutinized to elucidate the distinctions between ZR and CZR arising from carbonization processing in terms of their ethnopharmacology, quality control, chemical compositions, biological activities, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical uses. In this study, a total of 56 chemical constituents were identified and isolated from ZR and CZR, which primarily encompassed volatile oils, gingerols, and diphenylheptane compounds. CZR's pharmacological effects include hemostatic, anti-oxidant, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and other biological activities. ZR has pungent and warm properties. It is a Yang-supplementing herbal medicine for ailments exacerbated by cold or damp climatic influences. CZR is a product of ZR after undergoing high temperature, with diminished intensity of its pungent and warm attributes. This change leads to a more gradual treatment efficacy, renowned hemostatic effects and its ability to gently invigorate the spleen and effectively alleviate diarrhea. Currently, research on the pharmacological mechanism of CZR is mainly focused on the effects of CZR on coagulation and fibrinolysis. Although the healing effect of CZR has long been known, and some correlation has been found between the changing composition and the changing color of the decoctions, people still lack relatively clear processing mechanisms to reflect the characteristics and specific quality standards of the ingredients of CZR's hemostatic effect. This review provides a systematic summary on quality control, chemical composition, ethnopharmacology, and pharmacology of CZR, offering novel perspectives for advancing the exploration of additional carbonized herbal medicine and fostering their application in clinical settings.

Optimizing insulation technique plays a vital role in developing high performance magnetic powder core. Uniform dense titanium dioxide insulation layer was successfully coated on atomized Fe-Si-Al powder through hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate and the effect of water content on insulation quality was systematically investigated. The influences of titanium oxide insulation layer on electromagnetic properties of corresponding powder cores were also discussed. The results show that when the mass of water is increased from 10% to 40% of Fe-Si-Al powder, the insulation layer on particle surface first grows thicker and then becomes loose. High water content favors quick hydrolysis and condensation, while too large volumes of water leads to excessively high hydrolysis rate, which is adverse to the uniform growth and crystallization of titanium dioxide insulation layer. It is proven that uniform and dense insulation layer would contribute to the increase of resistivity under the premise of high density of powder core, which is conducive to the suppression of eddy current and frequency stability of permeability. When the mass of water is 20% of Fe-Si-Al powder, the prepared corresponding powder core has the optimal overall performance, the permeability is as high as 82, the resistivity is up to 1022.35 kΩ·cm and the core loss is as low as 77.63 mW/cm3 (at 100 kHz and 50 mT).

Nowadays, public opinions during public emergencies involve not only textual contents but also contain images. However, the existing works mainly focus on textual contents and they do not provide a satisfactory accuracy of sentiment analysis, lacking the combination of multimodal contents. In this paper, we propose to combine texts and images generated in the social media to perform sentiment analysis.

Tao Yang,1– 4 Haiqiong Liu,1,3,4 Chaobo Yang,1,3,4 Huaqiang Mo,1,3,4 Xianbao Wang,1,3,4 Xudong Song,1,3,4 Luping Jiang,2 Ping Deng,2 Ran Chen,2 Pengcui Wu,2 Aihua Chen,1,3,4 Jing Yan1,3,4 1Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jing Yan; Aihua Chen, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, NO. 253, Gongye Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-2061643686, Email yanve1008@126.com; chenaha@126.comPurpose: Myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a crucial clinical problem globally. The molecular mechanisms of MIRI need to be fully explored to develop new therapeutic methods. Galangin (Gal), which is a natural flavonoid extracted from Alpinia Officinarum Hance and Propolis, possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its effects on MIRI remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the pharmacological effects of Gal on MIRI.Methods: C57BL/6 mice underwent reperfusion for 3 h after 45 min of ischemia, and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCs) subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR) were cultured as in vivo and in vitro models. Echocardiography and TTC-Evans Blue staining were performed to evaluate the myocardial injury. Transmission electron microscope and JC-1 staining were used to validate the mitochondrial function. Additionally, Western blot detected ferroptosis markers, including Gpx4, FTH, and xCT.Results: Gal treatment alleviated cardiac myofibril damage, reduced infarction size, improved cardiac function, and prevented mitochondrial injury in mice with MIRI. Gal significantly alleviated HR-induced cell death and mitigated mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in NRCs. Furthermore, Gal significantly inhibited ferroptosis by preventing iron overload and lipid peroxidation, as well as regulating Gpx4, FTH, and xCT expression levels. Moreover, Gal up-regulated nuclear transcriptive factor Nrf2 in HR-treated NRCs. Nrf2 inhibition by Brusatol abolished the protective effect of Gal against ferroptosis.Conclusion: This study revealed that Gal alleviates myocardial ischemic reperfusion-induced ferroptosis by targeting Nrf2/Gpx4 signaling pathway.Keywords: galangin, ferroptosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, Nrf2, Gpx4

Assessing the stress distribution within the slope in geotechnical engineering is critical. Despite the widely available numerical methods, no analytical solutions are available for determining the stress distribution within a slope under general loading conditions. This study presents a method of analytically approximating elastic stresses within a slope of arbitrary inclination subject to general surcharges and supporting forces. The prototype model of this problem is equivalent to a superposition of two sub-models: a half-plane body subjected to an initial earth stress field as well as surcharges on the crest (Model I) and a slope loaded by the release stresses caused by excavation, together with supporting forces on its inclined surface and bottom (Model II). The former stresses can be calculated analytically using Flamant’s solution, and the latter stresses can be further thought of as being composed of two additional components: one in an infinite plane with a half-infinite hole loaded by virtual tractions upon hole’s boundary (Model II1), which can be analytically approximated, and the other in a half-plane subjected to virtual tractions along the ground surface (Model II2), which can be calculated analytically as well. The two sets of virtual tractions that lead to stresses in Model II are calculated using an iterative process. The current approach provides analytical approximations of elastic stress solutions for slopes that are sufficiently close to the exact ones as accurate as much. A case study demonstrates that such solutions are in good agreement with those of the finite-element method’s over the entire region, the stresses within the region up to 10−11 times the slope’s height away from the slope toe can also be accurately determined using the current method. With this method, contour plots of stresses within a slope inclined at various angles are presented, which can be applied directly in practical engineering.

The development of energy storage devices that can withstand large and complex deformation is crucial for emerging wearable electronic devices. At present, hydrogels made of conductive polymers have achieved the fusion of high conductivity and versatility during processing. A simple two-step copolymerization method was used to successfully construct a hydrogel supercapacitor with a rich microporous structure: polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and polyacrylamide(PAM) form a double cross-linked network hydrogel, which endows rigid polymer aniline with flexibility. In addition, polyacrylamide improves the mechanical strength of polyaniline-based hydrogels, making polyaniline-based(NPP)hydrogels have good mechanical and electrochemical properties, and the tensile strength and specific capacitance are 0.3 MPa and 269.12 F·g-1 under 1 A·g-1, respectively. The addition of polyaniline(PANI) reduces the internal resistance of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide double cross-linked network hydrogel(PP) electrode, and its modified resistance value is 39.184 Ω, which makes the NPP hydrogel realize higher electron transmission capacity. The flexible development and integration of such hydrogels provide an alternative strategy of energy systems for diverse applications such as supercapacitors.

The constraints of data protection make the data confined to different enterprises and organizations, forming many “data islands” and making it difficult to bring out the important value it contains. In this paper, we use federated learning technology as the service foundation and introduce differential privacy, federation chain, interstellar file system, and trusted execution environment to construct a multi-technology fusion e-commerce data transaction method. The three concepts of budget feasibility, individual rationality, and incentive mechanisms are applied to the data transaction scenario to design smart contracts. At the same time, the incentive mechanism is created by combining the trusted execution environment and Shapley value, and the transaction process model is optimized. Simulation comparison is carried out based on the public dataset of the Taobao e-commerce platform, and the experimental results show that MTFDT can realize the accurate evaluation of the model training effect, and the incremental profit stabilization point of the data buyer and seller is around 0.4, which improves the fairness of benefit distribution.

Starting from the basic principles of talent cultivation mode, this paper proposes a reform strategy to optimize the talent cultivation mode of environmental design with the help of intelligent technology in order to improve the quality of talent cultivation and achieve the “first-class” level for the current talent cultivation mode of environmental design majors. The necessity of an intelligent database in environmental design teaching is analyzed, and the improved TF-IDF algorithm and automatic classification algorithm of resources are proposed to improve the search for teaching resources for environmental design majors. Then, based on the query, the teaching resource recommendation model (UBM) is proposed. An algorithmic comparison between the improved TF-IDF method and the UBM model is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the improved algorithmic model. Combining the traditional talent training model results with the intelligent technology-assisted talent training model results for independent samples of the T-value test. T-value test results show that the F-value is 0.317, the Sig-value is 0.782>0.05, and the significance corresponding to the ANOVA t-test value is 0.009

Liver cirrhosis affects the structures and physiological functions of the intestine. Our previous study revealed that liver injury inhibited 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D (25(OH)-VD). The aim of this study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of vitamin D in liver cirrhosis-induced intestinal injury. The rat liver cirrhosis model was established through the administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 8 weeks. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was performed to unveil the intestinal injury induced by liver cirrhosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis were used to determine the levels of 25(OH)-VD, vitamin D receptor, Cytochrome P450 24A1 (CYP24A1), and α-defensin 5 (DEFA5) in rat and human serum of liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, liver cirrhosis rats were treated with low-dose (500 IU/kg) and high-dose (2,000 IU/kg) vitamin D intraperitoneally. The expression levels of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot. In conclusion, we determined the deficiency of vitamin D and down-regulation of DEFA5 and intestinal damage induced by liver cirrhosis. Moreover, vitamin D effectively inhibited liver cirrhosis-induced intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Vitamin D might be a promising therapeutic strategy for future treatment of liver-induced intestinal injury.

Ting-Ting Wu,1,&ast; Yi Qun Jiang,2,&ast; Bang-Feng Zhao,1,&ast; Feng-Li Si,1 Peng Wu,1 Huan-Ying Wang,1 Chun-Feng Sheng,1 Xun Xu,1 Fan Li,1 Jing Zhang3 1Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Preparatory Stage), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2General Practice/International Medical Care Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Fan Li; Jing Zhang, Email lifanking2015@163.com; jingatlas@outlook.comObjective: To evaluate the real-world situation for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and poorly controlled disease risk factors in the Chinese community.Methods: This retrospective multicentre study analysed data from COPDMICand MICHC in Shanghai Songjiang District, Shanghai, China. The differences in COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, and the number of emergency cases, emergency visits, inpatient cases, and hospitalisations from January 2018 to December 2020 were analysed. The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on COPD management was also assessed.Results: For 2020 versus 2018, analysis of 468 COPD cases from COPDMIC matched with MICHC data showed significantly more patients with improved mMRC grades, significantly fewer emergency cases and emergency visits, and significantly fewer hospitalisation cases and hospitalisations. Differences in the number of emergency visits and hospitalisations per capita were statistically significant. Compared to GOLD 3– 4, GOLD 1– 2 patients showed significant improvements in CAT score, mMRC grade, the number of emergency visits and hospitalisations per capita. Treatment adherence from 2018 to 2020 was 25%, 29.1%, and 6.8%, and the proportion of medication regimens consistent with guidelines was 43.44%, 50.98%, and 71.87%, respectively. Higher treatment adherence resulted in significantly improved CAT scores and mMRC grades and fewer emergency department visits and hospitalisations per capita.Conclusion: Combined with remote management tools, patients with COPD achieved continuous improvement in symptoms and exacerbations over 3 years. In the context of COVID-19 prevention/control measures, improvements were significant for patients with GOLD 1– 2 COPD but limited with GOLD 3– 4. Pharmacologic treatment significantly improved clinical symptoms and reduced emergency visits and hospitalisations. Severe airflow limitation and poor adherence to pharmacologic treatment were important risk factors for lack of disease remission.Keywords: chronic obstructive, lung disease, COVID-19, family physician, management information center