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The tension system is one of the most critical systems in gravure printed electronic equipment. It possesses a complex structure that spans the entire feeding process, from unwinding through printing to rewinding. This article focuses on the research of multi-span tension control for printing systems. Firstly, the characteristics and requirements of the tension-control system in the printing section were analyzed, and a multi-span tension-control structure was devised. Then, based on the coupled mathematical model of the multi-span tension system, a static decoupling model was formulated, and a first-order active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) controller was designed utilizing active disturbance rejection control technology. Finally, to verify the control performance of the ADRC decoupling controller for the printing tension system, simulation and experimental studies were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink R2018a and a dedicated experimental platform, and the results were then compared with those obtained from a traditional PID controller. The research findings indicate that the designed multi-span tension-control system demonstrates outstanding decoupling performance and anti-interference capabilities, effectively enhancing the tension-control accuracy of gravure printed electronic equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the performance of the tension control system in gravure printed electronic equipment, it is necessary to study the tension system model of gravure-printing electronic equipment. This paper focuses on the coupling characteristics of multi-span tension systems. Firstly, based on the single-span tension model, the mathematical model of the printing tension subsystem is established and simplified into a general multi-span tension coupling model. Then, using the relationship between the inputs and outputs of the system, the coupling model is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and verified through experiments on the gravure printed electronic platform. Finally, the coupling relationship and influence laws among multi-physical quantities of the system are analyzed. The research results show that changes in the input web tension of the multi-span system will affect the steady-state tension values of all subsequent spans. Moreover, the speed change in a roller in the multi-span system will not only affect the steady-state tension value of its own span, but also cause transient tension fluctuations in all subsequent spans. The findings of this paper provide an important theoretical basis for the research of the tension system in gravure printed electronic equipment, contributing to the enhancement of printed electronic product quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difficulty of cochlear implantation in patients with congenital microtia is usually increased due to the vague anatomical marks and facial nerve malformation. The common types of facial nerve malformation include facial nerve bony cover loss, aberrant position, and bifurcation malformation. Bifurcation malformation may obscure the oval window, press against stapes, and bifurcate in the vestibular window while obscuring the round window. It is important to correctly identify the facial nerve and choose a reasonable surgical approach to avoid postoperative complications. This article describes a case of profound sensorineural hearing loss due to facial nerve malformation in our institution. The patient underwent cochlear implantation through the retro-facial approach. There was no facial nerve injury or dysfunction symptoms such as facial paralysis and hemifacial spasm 2 years after the operation, and the cochlear implant works well. The score of the categories of the auditory performance（CAP） questionnaire was 7, and the score of the speech intelligibility rating（SIR） questionnaire was 4. When the round window cannot be exposed through the facial recess approach during surgery, the retro-facial approach is a feasible method. To avoid facial nerve injury, a thin-section CT of the temporal bone should be performed before the middle and inner ear surgery for patients with facial nerve malformation, and the intraoperative facial nerve monitor should be used to clarify the course of the facial nerve to avoid injury., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)