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Policymakers, educators, and businesses must develop artificial intelligence-related initiatives and strategies to effectively engage and benefit the population. The study aims to evaluate awareness and readiness to utilize artificial intelligence by the adult population of Ukraine in 2022. The paper employed a questionnaire consisting of two sets of questions: 1) awareness of artificial intelligence and 2) readiness to use artificial intelligence. A total of 806 respondents were interviewed via an online survey. The margin of error does not exceed 5%. The results indicate that while Ukrainians have a generally positive view of artificial intelligence, they remain skeptical about the prospect of robots functioning as workplace partners. The majority find it difficult to envision collaborating with a robot in a professional setting (only 36.9% of Ukrainians are ready to work with a robot). The survey highlights that the primary benefits of AI products and services valued by Ukrainians include timesaving, increased comfort, and enhanced service accessibility. Ukrainian men demonstrate a greater degree of commitment and awareness of artificial intelligence products/services than Ukrainian women. Young people are the most informed age group about artificial intelligence products/services. Residents of the western regions indicate a more significant impact of artificial intelligence on the present, unlike respondents from the eastern regions of Ukraine. AcknowledgmentThis research was funded by a grant “Restructuring of the national economy in the direction of digital transformations for sustainable development” (№0122U001232) from National Research Foundation.

Many biological objects have the ability to fluoresce under the influence of electromagnetic radiation in the optical range. Measuring the fluorescence of a biological object helps obtain information about its internal state. Therefore, the creation of instruments for scientific research in the field of studying biological objects has been a pressing task for many areas of human activity for many years. In particular, these are areas such as agriculture, ecology, food industry and medicine. This article is devoted to a description of the recently developed “FLS 10s” device for studying plant chlorophyll fluorescence, as well as description of software for operating the device and analyzing the information obtained. This device provides data of well known OJIP test.

In this work, the main trends in research and publication activity in digital transformation in the world and Ukraine are analyzed using meta- and bibliometric analysis. For this purpose, bibliometric data on scientific publications on the topic of digital transformations in the Google Scholar and Scopus databases were selected, which were additionally analyzed using the VOSviewer software package. Based on filtering the results obtained, an array was formed that included 366 scientific publications for 2019–2023 in Ukrainian in the Google Scholar database and 3,703 scientific publications in English for 2020–2023 in the Scopus database. Dynamic time analysis revealed a significant surge of scientific interest in the topic of digital transformations in recent years, while structural analysis revealed the multi-industry structure of existing research. The creation of bibliographic maps of keywords and publication maps allowed us to form an idea of the main thematic areas of research in the context of digital transformations and their opinion leaders. The data obtained became the basis for formulating recommendations for further areas of research in digital transformation, in particular, on the development of a unified roadmap for the digital transformation of education at different educational qualification levels and for various specialties. This will contribute to the formation of a single systemic approach to the digital transformation of Ukraine as a guarantee for the state’s sustainable development, well-being, strengthening of national security, speeding up the pace of European integration processes, as well as promoting national interests at the international level.

PURPOSE: We investigated the feasibility of biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT), a technique that utilizes real-time positron emission imaging to minimize tumor motion uncertainties, to spare nearby organs at risk. METHODS: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), intensity-modulated proton (IMPT) therapy, and BgRT plans were created for a paratracheal node recurrence (case 1; 60 Gy in 10 fractions) and a primary peripheral left upper lobe adenocarcinoma (case 2; 50 Gy in four fractions). RESULTS: For case 1, BgRT produced lower bronchus V40 values compared to VMAT and IMPT. For case 2, total lung V20 was lower in the BgRT case compared to VMAT and IMPT. CONCLUSIONS: BgRT has the potential to reduce the radiation dose to proximal critical structures but requires further detailed investigation.

Appearance of innovative tools of informatics in the world is determined by development of information-communication technology, microelectronics, sensor and biosensor technologies. Spreading of these technologies on precision agriculture, environmental protection and health care gives opportunity to create smart fields, gardens, greenhouses, forests and parks, and also smart health monitors, which estimate the health state of person as in rehabilitation, so in emergency situations. Results of research of authors in the development of new information technologies and creation of main components of the smart systems for different purposes on this base are shows in this paper. Main requirements for knowledge bank for precision agriculture and ecological monitoring are defined. Main principles of creating knowledge bank on base of requirements are proposed. The typical smart system models and their development stages are considered. Structure of wireless multilevel networks for the estimation of state of biological objects of different origin and their nodes are described. Developed sensor networks and smart systems for agriculture are considered. Structure of proposed smart system for agriculture and ecological monitoring is given. Approaches for chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves analysis are studied. Results of network testing for the estimation of the autonomous work time of network nodes and possible errors are given. Wireless sensor network and smart system for remote medical monitoring are described. Diagnostic smart systems for estimation of quality of life are considered. Medical communicator, computer device on base of tablet computer, was used for their development. The short form of Survey Instrument (SF-36) for life quality estimation and abnormal uterine bleeding questionnaire, which was developed in State Scientific Institution "Center for Innovative Medical Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", were embedded in communicator. STEPS questionnaire which was designed for epidemiological monitoring of the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors in the target subpopulations could be added to communicator. Development of smart systems for estimation of quality of life and prevalence of noncommunicable diseases was made in cooperation with R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology NAS of Ukraine (department of research management and innovation), Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Center for Innovative Medical Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine.

The application of information and wireless technologies, multisensor and biosensor devices, as well as sensor networks based on them to control the parameters of technological processes in different industries makes it possible to greatly improve the quality of final products and reduce losses of raw materials at all stages of production and storage. This covers both the industrial production of consumer goods and the food and processing industry. The article describes the developing and testing of network of wireless smart biosensor devices for food industry, namely for controlling the quality of wine, wine materials and food products in the production process. It is considered the technological process of production of wine materials and wine, as well as parameters that are subject of controlling. The requirements for smart multisensor devices, which are reasonable to use in such technological productions, are formulated. Measuring nodes are built on the basis of amperometric sensors and wireless data transmission units. Structural, functional and principle schemas of measuring devices were developed. The design documentation was created for their production at contract factories. The integration of wireless data transmission units into measuring nodes made it possible to build wireless sensor networks based on them. Several structures of wireless networks were developed on the base of wireless nodes with different functionality and with using of different wireless data transmission protocols. Hardware and software for wireless network nodes were developed. It was fulfilled the testing of the multisensor measuring node in autonomous mode, as well as the whole network consisting of several wireless nodes. The test results showed both the weaknesses of the developed devices, which should be eliminated in further researches, and the reasonability of using smart multisensor devices and networks based on them to control the quality of wine materials and wine at different stages of their production and storage. The work was performed with the support and within the Complex program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine "Smart" sensor devices of the new generation based on modern materials and technologies."

The review provides information concerning the assortment of modern wound dressings (bandages) which are presented on the pharmaceutical market. The studied group of dressings varies widely in chemical composition and active pharmaceutical ingredients. It has been determined that the development of modern wound dressings provides for the realization of a complex effect on the wound process, which is achieved by the multi-layer structure of the dressing (bandages) with clearly defined functions of each component – the contact layer reduces adhesion to the wound surface; sorption layer provides irreversible sorption, retention and inactivation of wound exudate; pharmacologically active layer influences the main factors of wound process pathogenesis; outer isolating membrane generates wound occlusion. Conclusions. The events of recent years which related to the Anti-terrorist operation / the Joint Forces Operation in Ukraine indicate the unresolved problem of combat surgical trauma treatment. This is an important issue for the Medical services of the Armed Forces and the health care system of Ukraine. This necessitates expanding the range of wound dressing (bandages) with combined action for military medicine. It has been determined that the treatment in the purulent-necrotic phase of the wound process, it is advisable to use wound dressings with strong osmotic and antibacterial activity and low adhesion to the wound surface. In the second phase of the wound process, it is advisable to use wound dressings with moderate osmotic activity and a combination of antibacterial and reparative properties. In the final phase of the wound process, wound dressings should prevent drying of the wound surface as well as protect and stimulate the growth of granulations.

This paper aimed to explore IT innovations used in sustainable business models in the European single energy market. For this purpose, the academic literature and content analyses of organized marketplaces were performed. The results showed that end users are not always interested in changing the service and try to choose services/resources well known to them. At the same time, market operators see the need for radical change by introducing strategic innovations and digitizing energy markets. Sustainable e-government management models are typically sustained by IoT, blockchain, and smart grid management technologies.

Purpose. This paper deals with analysis and assessment of the risks specific to the agricultural business under conditions of macroeconomic uncertainty associated with the war unleashed by russia on the territory of Ukraine. The performed study included the stability analysis of the agricultural holdings in Ukraine before and after the shock period, and their investment attractiveness. Methodology / approach. In the research process, a combination of methods of risk analysis of Ukrainian agricultural holdings during the shock period and the speed of recovery of their investment attractiveness was proposed. Daily stock rates of selected agricultural holdings served as information support for calculations. The sample was subdivided into three periods: before the shock, which was characterized by a certain level of stability; the shock period caused by the war; and the recovery period after the shock. The study was carried out with the use of the shock depth indication and the recovery level following the shock, the risk analysis based on VaR and CVaR approach and forecasting of further liquidity curve of the agricultural producers based on Holt-Winters’ model. Results. The depth of the fall in the shock period (Sd) and the level of recovery after the shock period (Rl) for agricultural holdings of Ukraine have been established. The Sd indicator ranged from -44 % to 71 %, and Rl averaged 56 %, which confirmed the insignificant level of recovery of capitalization of agricultural holdings. Positive trends of overcoming the shock period were established for all studied agricultural holdings of Ukraine. A significant difference in the liquidity of assets of agricultural holdings was revealed. Originality / scientific novelty. The originality of the research is the approbation of a set of methods that allow simultaneously considering various features of the manifestation of risks caused by russian full-scale armed aggression. Practical value / implications. The practical value of the research lies in the determination of the negative impact of the risks of shock periods and the assessment of the investment attractiveness of agricultural holdings, which can be used for decision-making. The proposed approaches can be recommended for the analysis of other agricultural enterprises and for potential investors in other periods of significant changes and in the post-war period.

The article presents solutions to flat contact problems applied to straight-tooth bevel gears, considering both linear and nonlinear dependencies between elastic displacements of the teeth and the resulting stresses. Maximum contact stresses and contact patch dimensions are determined, accounting for both linear and nonlinear relationships between elastic deformations of the teeth and stresses. These solutions are based on a novel contact strength theory. It is demonstrated that the load capacity of bevel gears, considering contact stresses and nonlinear dependencies between elastic deformations and stresses, increases by 1.113 times.

The purpose of the work was to experimentally substantiate the composition and study the stability of extemporal suppositories with Echinacea, intended for use in complex therapy and prevention of genitourinary diseases. Materials and methods. The object of the study was samples of suppositories made by pouring using liquid Echinacea extract as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Cocoa butter, Witepsol H15 and Witepsol W35 were used as suppository bases. The study was carried out using modern physicochemical, pharmaco-technological and microbiological methods. Results. On the basis of the carried out physicochemical and pharmaco-technological studies, it was found that in the manufacture of suppositories using liquid Echinacea extract, Cocoa butter or Witepsol can be used as a suppository bases. The main indicators of the quality of suppository samples were also studied: organoleptic characteristics, average weight, melting point, time of complete deformation, microbiological purity, meeting the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia. Conclusions. As a result of the carried out physicochemical, pharmaco-technological and microbiological studies, a suppository base was selected for the creation of extemporal suppositories for the treatment and prevention of genitourinary diseases, the main quality indicators were established that meet the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, and the shelf life of the suppositories is 10 days.

The development of innovation activities is of great importance on the path to achieving the goals of sustainable development. Success on this path is closely related to the presence of comparable information on the development of innovation activities at the regional level. The aim of the paper is to assess the development of innovation activities in the regions of Ukraine and identify differences in results. The study is performed using relative indicators for the assessment of the development of innovation activities in the regions of Ukraine. The indicators were averaged and normalized. To analyze how innovation activities change over time, the dynamic indices based on the geometric mean of the growth rate of the relative indicators were used. The obtained results have significant differences in the regions being assessed. Most regions have a heterogeneous development of innovation activities. At the same time, they are at the top and bottom of the rankings of the regions in different indicators of the development of innovation activities. Only Cherkasy and Zaporizhzhia oblasts are at the top of the rankings in at least 75% of indicators. However, in 2017‒2019, all indicators improved in at least 29% of regions. In addition, 75% of indicators improved in at least 54% of regions. Therefore, over time, most regions progressed in the development of innovation activities. Management decisions for the development of innovation activities should be complex for all regions and implemented primarily in the regions where there is no improvement over time. AcknowledgmentsThe paper is prepared within the scientific research project “Sustainable development and resource security: from disruptive technologies to digital transformation of Ukrainian economy” (No. 0121U100470).

"Smart" multisensors and biosensor systems based on modern information and communication technologies make it possible to qualitatively improve the parameters of testing systems for biologically active, chemical and toxic substances and biological or biophysical objects, improve parameter control, data processing and analysis in digital agriculture, food industry, environmental monitoring and other areas of human activity. These next-generation devices combine biologically sensitive elements with converters of biophysical signals into electrical digital signals. The article reveals the basic principles of construction of biosensor devices, their practical implementation and application. The own results of development of a wireless network of "smart" multisensors and biosensor devices for express diagnostics of a condition of grape and fruit crops and control of process of production of wine are presented. In order to test the capabilities of the unit of measurement, a number of experimental works were performed. To perform such work, it was first necessary to develop a new embedded software for the microprocessor of Analog Devices ADuCM350, and the corresponding user software for the OS Windows 10. Experiments were performed using disposable sensors based on the enzyme glucose oxidase to measure the sugar content in glucose and wine solution. A review and analysis of modern biosensor devices used in the production of alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages were done. The comparative table of analyzers for different studies based on biosensors is made. Development and preparation for mass production of "smart" biosensors, biosensor devices and networks based on them is in line with global scientific and technological trends of today and, of course, the near future.

PurposeWe investigated the feasibility of biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT), a technique that utilizes real-time positron emission imaging to minimize tumor motion uncertainties, to spare nearby organs at risk.MethodsVolumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), intensity-modulated proton (IMPT) therapy, and BgRT plans were created for a paratracheal node recurrence (case 1; 60 Gy in 10 fractions) and a primary peripheral left upper lobe adenocarcinoma (case 2; 50 Gy in four fractions).ResultsFor case 1, BgRT produced lower bronchus V40 values compared to VMAT and IMPT. For case 2, total lung V20 was lower in the BgRT case compared to VMAT and IMPT.ConclusionsBgRT has the potential to reduce the radiation dose to proximal critical structures but requires further detailed investigation.

Вступ. Планування сім’ї включає в себе попередження небажаної вагітності, вільний вибір кількості дітей та часу їх народження залежно від віку і здоров’я батьків. З метою подолання кризових тенденцій, що перешкоджають відтворенню населення, урядом країни прийнята Національна програма планування сім’ї, яка спрямована на зміцнення здоров’я жінок дітородного віку та запобігання небажаній вагітності. Мета дослідження – ретроспективний аналіз репродуктивного здоров’я жінок з метою поліпшення демографічної ситуації в Україні та аналіз комплексу організаційних та практичних заходів, спрямованих на зміцнення здоров’я жінок шляхом використання контрацептивних препаратів. Матеріали та методи. Матеріалами дослідження є архівні наукові публікації Фармацевтичного журналу за 1959 - 2022 роки. Дослідження здійснювали з використанням методів контент-аналізу, історико-документального, узагальнення та систематизації даних. Результати. Проведений нами ретроспективний аналіз публікацій Фармацевтичного журналу з 1959 року щодо репродуктивного здоров’я жінок та планування сім’ї засвідчує важливість протизаплідних засобів, які пропонують відомі фармацевтичні компанії для попередження небажаної вагітності та зменшення кількості абортів, а також попередження деяких захворювань жіночих статевих органів. Важливе місце відіграє поінформованість жінок репродуктивного віку щодо сучасних методів контрацепції та просвітницька робота лікарів акушерів-гінекологів та фармацевтів. Експертна оцінка практичного арсеналу гормональних контрацептивів визначає показники попиту на дану групу засобів. На сучасному етапі системи планування сім’ї в Україні важливою є роль фармацевта у використанні гормональних контрацептивів та раціональному виборі методів контрацепції. Висновки. Проведено ретроспективний аналіз наукових публікацій Фармацевтичного журналу за 1959 - 2022 роки, узагальнено та систематизовано дані літератури, що знайшли своє відображення у 10 наукових статтях. Виявлено, що репродуктивне здоров’я є важливим показником сприятливих демографічних перспектив нації. Дані ретроспективного аналізу дають можливість оцінити стан здоров’я жінки на етапі попередження небажаної вагітності шляхом використання контрацептивних засобів. Показано, що альтернативою аборту можна вважати контрацепцію, яка дасть можливість не переривати, а попереджувати небажану вагітність. З прагматичного погляду охорони здоров’я використання оральних контрацептивів є доцільним у сучасній системі планування сім’ї в Україні, яке сприяє зниженню материнської і дитячої смертності, профілактиці захворювань, що передаються статевим шляхом та збереженню здоров'я населення.

Information technology is becoming a basic tool for many industries, as well as creating an opportunity for direct active communication of all market participants, which significantly increases competition. As a result, customers have a very large selection of goods and services, fairly easy access to them, and significant price diversification. All this leads to new requirements for modern marketing. Modern marketing significantly changes not only the functions but also the approaches to business processes. A highly competitive environment requires companies to use a system of interconnected marketing tools using an integrated marketing approach. The paper is devoted to investigating advertising prices and advertising strategies of Google. The list of major Google products is analyzed. The relevance of advertising strategies to goals, ad placement, message creation, budget constraints, and ad delivery is determined. The difference in advertising prices in different countries has been studied. The cost per click analysis of European countries is carried out. Using the DEA model analyzed advertisement efficiency by VRS technology and input-oriented efficiency for European countries.

In this paper, we propose a methodology for using static Bayesian networks (BN) in modeling the development of pharmacoresistance in patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy. Methods for constructing the structure of a static BN, their parametric training, validation, sensitivity analysis and “What-if” scenario analysis are considered. The model was designed in collaboration with expert doctors, as well as expert pharmacologists in the selection and quantification of input and output variables.

This article examines the role of online resources in developing students' digital competence skills. It discusses the importance of digital competence in today's society and the need for educational institutions to provide students with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in the digital age. The study involved a survey of 147 first-year university students to assess their level of digital competence. The findings reveal that the majority of students have a moderate level of digital competence, with some demonstrating a high level and others requiring additional support. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for ongoing efforts to enhance students' digital competence through the effective integration of online resources in educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Over the past decades, an increase in mortality from chronic heart failure has been recorded, for the treatment of which the implantation of a pacemaker can be used. The implanted pacemaker expands the possibilities of drug therapy, but requires professional monitoring and titration of the drugs used. Purpose. To determine and evaluate independent predictors of a positive response to permanent pacemaker implantation in patients with chronic heart failure, depending on the presence of type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. Examined 203 patients with CHF who were inpatient treatment and outpatient examination in the department of ultrasound and clinical and instrumental diagnostics and minimally invasive interventions of the State Institution «V. T. Zaycev Іnstitute of General and Urgent Surgery» and had reasonable indications for implantation of pacemaker. Pacemaker implantation was performed in 102 patients with chronic heart failure with concomitant type 2 diabetes, which made up the main or first group; among the representatives of this group there were 52 people, the average age of the surveyed participants was (67.7 ± 8.3) years. Patients with CHF who also underwent pacemaker implantation, but without comorbid diabetes mellitus (n = 101) were selected as a control group. Results. It was found that the female sex was significantly associated with the absence of response to pacemaker implantation. The influence of the pacemaker regime was determined almost at the established level of confidence, which determined the associations of the DDDR regime with the development of response to treatment. Patients with AV block Mobitz II had significantly higher chances of responding to pacemaker implantation. Analyzing the clinical forms of coronary artery disease, it was found that, compared with patients without coronary artery disease, the presence of stable angina pectoris significantly increased the chances of not responding to implantation. Stronger influence was exerted by the presence of cardiosclerosis of any genesis. Findings. The obtained independent predictors allow an early assessment of the success of cardiac pacing in patients with CHF, which can prevent unwanted consequences or conduct preliminary prophylaxis in order to improve the response to pacemaker implantation in such patients.

Purpose. The paper’s purpose is to analyze and predict the food security index in Ukraine and to estimate the risk level of its reduction. Methodology / approach. The following models are used for forecasting: the Holt’s two-parameter model – to forecast the dynamics of caloric content of the daily diet and integral food security index; the ARIMA model – for modeling the food economic affordability. The autocorrelation function structure analysis is used to determine the adequacy of the models. The article discusses the procedure of assessing food security risk based on the properties of the econometric forecast error. The annual data of Ukraine were used for assessing the forecasts for the time interval between 1995 and 2018. Results. The paper presents the results of predicting the food security index in the context of macroeconomic instability. The trend (deterministic) and random components for the level of calorie consumption are revealed. The forecast of food availability is presented. The forecast estimates of the Food Security Index of Ukraine for the period up to 2022 are considered. The assessment of price elasticities, household incomes and inflation for basic food products is made. As a result of assessing the level of macroeconomic instability, the structural elements of food security for Ukraine were identified. The article assesses the dynamics of changes in consumption of certain commodity items of foodstuff as components of food security. There is a creation of an alternative methodology for forecasting individual economic indices in the absence of stable trends in the economy of the country based on the use of econometric analysis proposed in the research. It substantiates the use of multi-step methods of forecasting economic indices. It is proved that the integrated forecast of the food security index of Ukraine is in satisfactory state and shows a slight upward trend during the period 2020–2022, but the risks of a decline in the integral index are somewhere beyond satisfactory. Originality / scientific novelty. The results of the individual food security indices forecast, and the integral Food Security Index of Ukraine analysis it is possible to state a satisfactory condition that is unlikely to change in the near future. The alternative forecasting method for individual economic parameters in conditions of the unstable national economy trends is firstly proposed. Practical value / implications. The reported forecast values indicate a decrease in the adequacy of consumption for most foodstuffs. This is most pronounced for the consumption of products of animal origin, which are far from the norm. The non-structural forecasts indicate current trends in the state of food security, which will persist if the impact on the food system by the general state of the country's economy remains unchanged. The main results of the study can be used to estimate the food affordability risks and risks of health deterioration for the population.

Abstract. Given the complexity of the global epidemiological situation, the struggle for the competitiveness of national economies is exacerbated. For Ukraine, whose economy has now taken the form of deindustrialization, the intensification of innovation is a necessary, extremely important condition for its further development. It was previously thought that the socio-economic development and growth of countries depended mainly on their capital and labor resources, while other lesstangible resources, such as information, training, infrastructure development were treated as external factors influencing market behavior only indirectly. However, overtime, the idea that knowledge management is a determining factor in productivity in both modern and traditional economies is becoming increasingly entrenched. The paper proposes results of the research of Ukraine’s positioning in the global innovation space. It also determines the necessity of priority development of the innovative sphere of the country against the backdrop of crisis phenomena and assesses the position of Ukraine in the Indices characterizing the level of development of the innovative component of the competitiveness of the country’s economy. It underlines the insufficient level of innovation infrastructure development in the country. The authors consider that the basis of Ukrainian innovative competitiveness is the development of institutions, infrastructure and business. These areas need special state support, as their effective implementation is the main competitive advantage of Ukraine. The research was conducted according to the Global Innovation Index sub-indices on the horizon of 2013—2021. Econometric methods are used to generalize the positioning of Ukraine in the global innovation space and the DEA method to study the relative individual effectiveness of the innovation environment and innovation activities in Europe. Keywords: innovation, innovation potential, digitalization, digital transformation, competitiveness, Global Innovation Index. JEL Classification O32, D24, F63 Formulas: 1; fig.: 4; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 20.

The article examines the moral and psychological readiness for pedagogical activity as a result of the strategy of training future teachers on the principles of student centrism. The purpose of the article is theoretical substantiation and experimental verification of the effectiveness of the principles of student centrism in the formation of moral and psychological readiness of future teachers for professional activity. Using a set of research methods identified the resource possibilities of training future teachers on the principles of student-centrism in the formation of moral and psychological readiness, which positively affects the effectiveness of students' pedagogical actions as an indicator of the quality of their education. The results obtained experimentally make it possible to assert that the strategy of student-centrism in university education is implemented through a personality-oriented individualization of training, practically aimed at the formation of students' moral and psychological readiness.

Aim – to analyse specialized literature and study the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the cardiac conduction system in patients with a permanent pacemaker. Conclusions. The complex, multifactorial pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus complicates the study of the relationship between the presence of this metabolic disease and arrhythmia. It is now evident that hyper- and hypoglycemia, variations in blood glucose levels can provoke the development of arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF). Changes in the heart architecture are responsible for electrical conduction slowing or acceleration and pulse transmission interruption. It is proved that the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the likelihood of heart failure progression. Further studies would be able to give an answer regarding the prognostic value of type 2 diabetes influence on the results of cardiac pacing after a device implantation, as well as to determine the most effective hypoglycemic drugs with antiarrhythmic properties which can prevent the development of AF recurrence, help slow down the progression of heart failure and possibly reduce a mortality rate among this group of patients.

The aim of the work was to establish the cultivation conditions of Acinetobacter sp. IMV B-7005 for providing the maximum indicators of the exopolysaccharide ethapolan synthesis on the mixture of acetate and sunflower oil, as well as to study the possibility of replacing the refined oil in the mixture with acetate on a waste one. The optimal molar ratio of concentrations for refined sunflower oil and acetate in the mixture was calculated theoretically according to Babel’s concept of “auxiliary substrate”. The EPS concentration was determined gravimetrically after precipitation with isopropanol. The EPS-synthesizing ability was calculated as the ratio of the EPS concentration to the concentration of biomass and expressed in g EPS/g biomass. Based on theoretical calculations of energy requirements for EPS synthesis and biomass of Acinetobacter sp. B-7005 on energy-deficient substrate (acetate) it was found that molar ratio for the concentrations of sodium acetate and oil in the mixture, at which the maximum EPS synthesis was achieved, should be 1:0.13. It was experimentally confirmed that at this ratio of monosubstrate concentrations and the use of the inoculum grown on refined oil, the synthesis rates of ethapolan were higher than at the other ratios of acetate and oil concentrations in the mixture. However, the assimilation of sodium acetate through the symport with proton led to an increase in pH of the culture liquid to 9.0–9.3, which is not optimal for EPS synthesis. Decrease of the medium alkaline component and fractional introduction of substrates enabled not only to stabilize pH at the level of 7.8–7.9, but to increase the amount of synthesized ethapolan to 16–17 g/l, which was achieved regardless of the type of used oil (refined or mixed waste) in the mixture with acetate.

Комплексна цифровізація медицини, застосування Інтернету інтелектуальних речей, мережі медичних бездротових сенсорів відкриває широкі можливості для дистанційної підтримки відповідної якості життя хронічно хворих пацієнтів, людей похилого віку, а також спортсменів і фахівців, які мають великі фізичні чи психічні навантаження при виконанні службових обов'язків. Реалізація індивідуальних дистанційних засобів підтримки якості життя включає такі складові: створення нових і використання існуючих мініатюрних медичних сенсорів, що безпосередньо зчитують медичні параметри з організму пацієнта, мініатюрні інтерфейси для збору та первинного оброблення медичних параметрів, отриманих від медичних сенсорів, засоби приймання-передавання даних у віддалені медичні центри, автоматизовані засоби дистанційної діагностики, інжектори з дистанційним керуванням для вводу лікарських засобів у разі критичного стану пацієнта. Сучасний стан і перспективи розвитку цих засобів розглянуто у даній публікації.

Розглянуто фактори, що забезпечують якість та ефективність сучасного безперервного професійного розвитку лікарів і провізорів. Серед значної кількості факторів виділено трансдисциплінарність, безперервність, органічне поєднання формальної, неформальної та інформальної освіти. Дослідження було спрямовано на обґрунтування технології формування індивідуальної освітньої траєкторії під час безперервного професійного розвитку. З'ясовано, що створення сучасної системи трансферу знань у медицині можливо за умови врахування необхідності забезпечення високої якості навчання лікарів і провізорів, орієнтованого на підготовку особистості, інтенсивне впровадження трансдисциплінарності навчання. Основою сучасного набуття знань, навиків і інших компетентностей у післядипломній медичній освіті та безперервному професійному розвитку лікарів і провізорів запропоновано введення індивідуальної освітньої траєкторії, що базується на трьох складових — максимальній Цифровізації, професіональному портфоліо та контент - аналізі.

Вступ. Фармакокінетика відіграє значну роль у фармації. Дослідження залежності швидкості реакції від різних факторів дає можливість інтенсифікувати технологічні процеси виготовлення лікарських засобів (ЛЗ). Фармакокінетичні дослідження, пов’язані з вивченням швидкості всмоктування і виведення ЛЗ із організму, дозволяють інтерпретувати механізми їх фізіологічної дії. Кінетичний процес розпочинається з вивільнення активних фармацевтичних інгредієнтів із фармацевтичної системи (аерозоль), далі – всмоктування та дифундування активних речовин до поверхні всмоктування – ранової поверхні. Сам процес абсорбції також є дифузійним і залежить від багатьох чинників: кількості, властивостей та фізичного стану активної речовини, загального складу та властивостей аерозолю, а також технологічних чинників і фізіологічного стану поверхні всмоктування (перша стадія ранового процесу). Мета: проведення фармакокінетичних досліджень методом in vivo щодо ізолювання та виявлення бензокаїну та мірамістину в крові щурів з використанням однокамерної фармакокінетичної моделі. Матеріали та методи. При проведенні експериментальних досліджень матеріалами слугували активні фармацевтичні інгредієнти – офлоксацин, бензокаїн, мірамістин, а також допоміжні речовини – натрій-карбоксиметилцелюлоза, метилцелюлоза, полівініловий спирт, полівінілпіролідон, пропіленгліколь, гліцерин, поліетиленоксид-400, спирт етиловий, кислота лимонна моногідрат, хладон-134а. Методами in vitro встановлювали порядок кінетичної реакції для вибору моделі визначення фармакокінетичних параметрів методом in vivo. Фармакокінетичні параметри ЛЗ АМО-золь досліджували у крові білих щурів лінії Вістар після його одноразового нанесення на модельну рану. Ізолювання активних фармацевтичних інгредієнтів (бензокаїн, мірамістин) проводили за допомогою хромато-масспектрометра Agilent 6850/5973N виробництва Agilent Technologies, колонка кварцева капілярна НР-5MS 0.25 мм х 30 м. Температура: інжектора – 250 0С, інтерфейса масспектрометру (Transfer line) – 280 0С, джерела іонів – 230 0С, квадруполя – 150 0С. Режим іонізації – електронний удар, енергія електронів – 70 еВ, напруга електропомножувача – на 106 В більше ніж при Autotune. Діапазон сканування 40 – 550 а.о.м. Режим програмування температури термостата: 90 0С – 2 хв. потім підйом до 300 0С зі швидкістю – 20 0С/хв, та витримування при цій температурі 10 хв. Швидкість газу носію (гелію) – 1,0 мл/хв. Режим вводу проби – 2мкл без поділу потоку. Результати. З метою проведення фармакокінетичних досліджень методом in vivo щодо ізолювання та виявлення бензокаїну та мірамістину в крові щурів використо однокамерну фармакокінетичну модель. Розраховані значення констант ke и kа, показали, що аплікаційне нанесення ЛЗ на тканини піддослідних щурів являє приклад фліп-флоп феномену, так як константа швидкості елімінації більше (0,022 1/хв) константи швидкості їх всмоктування (0,007 1/хв), та змінює своє положення по відношенню до моменту часу tmax, що відповідає рівності параметрів швидкостей елімінації і всмоктування. Визначено, що при введенні ЛЗ, що містять 12,5 мкг/г бензокаїну і 1,25 мкг/г мірамістину, максимальна концентрація у крові (0,052 мкг/мл) спостерігається для бензокаїну через 30 хв і 0,072 мкг/мл через 240 хв для мірамістину. Розрахований кліренс, який для бензокаїну складає 0,00011 мл/(хв‧г), а для мірамістину 0,000112 мл/(хв . г) відповідно. В клінічних умовах кліренс служить для розрахунку дози, необхідної для підтримки рівноважної концентрації ЛЗ у крові, тобто підтримуючої дози. Визначений об’єм розподілу, який слугує для розрахунку навантажувальної дози препарату, що необхідно для досягнення його потрібної концентрації в крові. Для даної моделі об’єм розподілу ЛЗ в організмі і для бензокаїну, і для мірамістину складає 0,005 мл/г відповідно. Завершальним етапом досліджень in vivo з використанням однокамерної фармакокінетичної моделі стало визначення періоду напіввиведення. За один період із організму виводиться 50 % ЛЗ, за два – 75 %, за три – 90 %. Так, період напіввиведення бензокаїну на швидкості елімінації складає 30,904 хв, а на швидкості всмоктування – 98,18 хв. Період напіввиведення мірамістину на швидкості елімінації складає 30,942 хв, а на швидкості всмоктування – 92,821 хв. Отже, в фармакокінетичних дослідженнях вище перераховані параметри використовуються для оцінки змін концентрації ЛЗ у часі в специфічній камері, де виявляється бажана терапевтична дія препарату. Висновки. Методом in vivo з використанням однокамерної фармакокінетичної моделі проведені дослідження щодо ізолювання та виявлення бензокаїну та мірамістину в крові щурів. Доведено, що розроблені ЛЗ виявляють переважно місцеву дію, оскільки в даному моменті потік вивільнення активних речовин із аерозолю більше потоку проникнення через природні біологічні бар’єри організму. Проведена якісна оцінка фармакокінетичного процесу зі встановленням 15-и фармакокінетичних параметрів.

People’s ageing causes economic and social problems all over the world. The article presents the results of the analysis of modern research on ways and means that can eliminate the causes of ageing, prolong the active longevity and working ability of the elderly. It has been established that human health and longevity depend on the specific features of a person’s nutrition and are affected by micronutrient deficiency in the body caused by unbalanced diet. Considering the free radical theory of ageing, which is based on the chemical nature and ubiquity of free radicals, it has been found that consumption of plant foods rich in antioxidants prevents oxidative damage to cellular structures, which is caused by reactive oxygen species. It has been demonstrated that well-known plant antioxidants, such as flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds, have a protective effect. They modulate energy metabolism in a way conducive to well-being and longevity, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases and ageing. It has been established that the antioxidant effect of flavonoids involves scavenging of free lipoperoxide radicals, inhibition of nitric oxide production, inactivation of peroxynitrite and other oxidants, inhibition of xanthine oxidase and other radical-producing enzymes, chelation of metals. Neuroprotective and radioprotective properties of flavonoids have been revealed. Flavonoids can inhibit regulatory enzymes or transcription factors that are important for the control of inflammatory mediators, affect oxidative stress through DNA interactions, and enhance genomic stability. Combinations of polyphenols can exhibit synergistic or additive beneficial effects. It has been shown that the rational use of plant-based diets rich in polyphenolic compounds helps to reduce the total mortality rate and, in particular, mortality from coronary heart disease, to maintain sustainable weight management, to decrease the frequency and severity of high-risk conditions such as obesity, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and improve the general condition in cases of long-neglected cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.

The purpose of the article is to analyse the manufacturing factors that affect the cost of manufacturing a part. Nowadays the cost of equipment used for metal 3D printing, as well as metal powders, are still very expensive. The cost of additive manufacturing of metal parts is mainly dependent on the volume of printing, therefore, reducing the volume of printing can lead to a significant reduction in the cost of manufacturing the part. Manufacturing of a metal shell, the cavity of which is filled with a cheap metal polymer, can be an excellent alternative to an all-metal part. The article provides a method for calculating the cost of manufacturing a lever part using various technologies: subtractive, additive, and composite part manufacturing technology. According to the calculated data, the dependence of the cost of manufacturing a part on piece time has been built, which can be interpreted as the amount of machining. The constructed linear dependence can give an idea of the effectiveness of the application of a particular technology for obtaining a part. In addition, non-economic factors affecting the possibility of using various technological processes for manufacturing a part are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In conditions of a significant increase in the world community’s attention to the Arctic, as well as intensive development of technologies for its study and development, the low activity of the USA in this area is noteworthy. The article is devoted to a review of some aspects of the US home policy in the Arctic. It also contains an analysis of two bills submitted to the US Congress aimed at increasing the economic presence in the Arctic region. The author notes the increasing scientific and practical interest of the Alaska po-litical elites in the study and development of the Arctic.

Significant increase in global attention to the Arctic, as well as the intensive development of technologies for its study, makes the cooperation between various countries increasingly important. The article discusses the history and current interaction in the Arctic region between Russia (and its predecessor, the USSR) with North-East Asia (NEA) — China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. The author noted the increasing scientific and practical interest of the NEA countries to study the Arctic, analyzed it and main aspirations of these countries to cooperate with Russia. Also, the author reviewed the most significant internal laws and regulations governing their activities in the Arctic. It was concluded that the high prospects for cooperation between the countries of Northeast Asia and Russia occur. Main directions of possible interaction in the region are presented in the article along with the highlighted unique position of the Russian Far East as one of the critical links.

The article is focused on generalization of theoretical positions and approaches to estimate the impact of information on public welfare. There are presented examples of the relationship between welfare and information, namely for the consumer and the manufacturer. There is emphasized that the relationship between welfare and information depends on the time of obtaining reliable information, which sometimes involves carrying out specialized research that is practically inaccessible to the average consumer, as well as its reliability. There is emphasized that the impact of information on welfare is determined in two dimensions: consumer expectations, as well as the degree of uncertainty for information. There is investigated the influence of advertising on welfare, the results of which concluded that information benefits increase with increasing scale of production, and as a consequence, a decrease in marginal costs. There is given a list of indicators that are most often used to assess the welfare. There is concluded that GDP per capita depends most strongly on the Government’s competitiveness index, moreover, the increase of this index per unit leads to an increase the GDP per capita by 18, 900 USD.

The proliferation of nuclear technologies threatens by the negative impact of ionizing radiation on the human body and requires the search of new effective means for prevention from radiation damage. Informational search in scientific editions and search databases on radioprotective effects of food and aromatic plants, radiation nephropathy and promising herbal drugs for its prevention has been carried out. Methods of analysis, systematization, comparison, generalization of information data have been applied. An overview of the results of experimental phytochemical and clinical studies of domestic and foreign scientists on radioprotective effects of biologically active substances of food and aromatic herbs has been carried out. It is revealed that plant polyphenolic compounds, due to their antioxidant properties, are able to neutralize free radicals and thus leading to a stop of radio-induced chain oxidation reactions in cells, to scavenge and neutralize of lipoperoxyl radicals, chelate ions of metals, as well as to exhibit antimutagenic activity. Radiotherapy might cause several radiation-induced kidney injuries, including radiation nephropathy. Search of promising herbal substances for prevention and alleviation of radiation nephropathy is under active investigation in recent years. Preventive inclusion of radioprotective agents, containing polyphenolic compounds, before irradiation seems to be an obvious renoprotective strategy. The prospect for further phytochemical, pharmacodynamic and toxicological studies of properties of polyphenolic compounds in food and aromatic plants with an objective to create new effective remedies for the prevention and treatment of radiation damage is shown.

International requirements for improving energy efficiency and environmental protection and the necessary goals for their implementation in the marine industry are an actual problem. To integrate state-of-the-industry technologies and marine specialists education, the training complex is proposed. It is based on the platform of a hardware-software complex with the ability to integrate training equipment, simulators and software. That makes such a training complex multitask, universal, and flexible in achieving a variety of tasks and goals. The complex also implements high-quality education and training of marine specialists, conducting research after processing working out the results of engineering modelling of structural, thermal power, hydraulic, electrical, electronic, multi-physical and other solutions. The need to use the training complex allows us to form the necessary competence of the engine team personnel, develop methods and criteria for assessing competence, evaluate and demonstrate practical skills.

Data on exopolysaccharides synthesis by psychrophilic fungi and bacteriae, halo- and thermophilic archaea and bacteriae, including those isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal vents — sources — were provided. Physiologic significance, physico-chemical properties and possible practical applications of exopolysaccharides from unusual sources were analyzed. Most of them have immunomodulating, antiviral, anticoagulant, antitumor, antioxidant activities promising for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Meanwhile, based on the literature date, the conclusion follows about the urgent necessity to develop efficient technologies for synthesis of these exopolysaccharides by nontraditional producers, which currently lags far behind common techniques.

The market for information and communication services in Ukraine is analyzed based on statistical data. Its main segments by revenue, namely mobile communications and Internet services, are identified. The main regularities of setting tariffs for these services in countries of the world are determined, depending on the welfare of the population, the democracy index, the index of information and communication technologies, as well as the corruption perception index. Scatter diagrams of dependence of the tariffs on mobile communications and the Internet on the GDP per capita are built. The parameters of single-factor and multifactorial models of influence of the GDP per capita, the index of democracy, and the index of information and communication technologies on tariffs for mobile communications and the Internet by regions of the world are investigated. The conclusion is drawn that the tariff policy of the operators of Ukraine is aimed at reaching broad layers of the population, and even after taking into account the effect of the level of the country’s economic development, tariffs remain too low.

The purpose of the research was to establish Acinetobacter sp. IMB B-7005 cultivation conditions, which provide the maximal synthesis of microbial exopolysaccharide ethapolan on a mixture of molasses and sunflower oil, and to explore the possibility of replacing refined oil in a mixture with molasses for waste one. On the basis of theoretical calculations of energy consumption for the synthesis of ethapolan and biomass, it was determined that the optimal molar ratio of the concentrations of energy-deficient (sucrose) and energy-excessive (sunflower oil) substrates in the mixture was 1.0:0.9. Experiments have shown that the highest values of exopolysaccharide synthesis were observed at a molar ratio of monosubstrates in mixture 1.0:1.1, which is as close as possible to the theoretically calculated one. It was shown that increasing concentration of molasses and refined oil in mixture from 1.0 to 1.5% was accompanied by increase in amount of synthesized exopolysaccharide and its synthesizing capacity by 1.2 and 1.3 times, respectively. The possibility of replacing refined oil in a mixture with molasses for various types of waste (after frying potatoes, meat, vegetables and mixed) was established. The maximum parameters of exopolysaccharide synthesis (concentration 14 g/l, synthesizing capacity 3.5 g exopolysaccharide/g biomass) were observed when using mixed waste oil for both inoculum obtaining and EPS biosynthesis. The obtained results testify to the possibility of development of universal technology for obtaining microbal exopolysaccharide ethapolan on a mixture of waste (molasses and waste oil) independent of the type and provider of waste oil.

Lithium-graphite intercalation compounds (Li-GICs) are the most popular anode material for modern lithium-ion batteries and have been subject to numerous studies—both experimental and theoretical. However, the system is still far from being consistently understood in detail across the full range of state of charge (SOC). The performance of approaches based on density functional theory (DFT) varies greatly depending on the choice of functional, and their computational cost is far too high for the large supercells necessary to study dilute and non-equilibrium configurations which are of paramount importance for understanding a complete charging cycle. On the other hand, cheap machine learning methods have made some progress in predicting, e.g., formation energetics, but fail to provide the full picture, including electrostatics and migration barriers. Following up on our previous work, we deliver on the promise of providing a complete and affordable simulation framework for Li-GICs. It is based on density functional tight binding (DFTB), which is fitted to dispersion-corrected DFT data using Gaussian process regression (GPR). In this work, we added the previously neglected lithium–lithium repulsion potential and extend the training set to include superdense Li-GICs (LiC6−x; x>0) and lithium metal, allowing for the investigation of dendrite formation, next-generation modified GIC anodes, and non-equilibrium states during fast charging processes in the future. For an extended range of structural and energetic properties—layer spacing, bond lengths, formation energies and migration barriers—our method compares favorably with experimental results and with state-of-the-art dispersion-corrected DFT at a fraction of the computational cost. We make use of this by investigating some larger-scale system properties—long range Li–Li interactions, dielectric constants and domain-formation—proving our method’s capability to bring to light new insights into the Li-GIC system and bridge the gap between DFT and meso-scale methods such as cluster expansions and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations.

The current system of medical exam in postgraduate education and continuing professional development is imperfect, it does not take into account the personal level of knowledge and doctor’s physiological state. This leads to an underestimation of practical experience and makes it difficult to pass the exam for some categories, for example elderly doctors. We have proposed a new individualized system of the multiple-choice question and multiple-choice response, which has the weight characteristics in the open type testing. It is expected that its implementation as a pilot project will allow to harmonize the exam and to increase the objectivity in the assessment of doctor’s knowledge.